JP4795690B2 - 体積流量制御器 - Google Patents
体積流量制御器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4795690B2 JP4795690B2 JP2004552910A JP2004552910A JP4795690B2 JP 4795690 B2 JP4795690 B2 JP 4795690B2 JP 2004552910 A JP2004552910 A JP 2004552910A JP 2004552910 A JP2004552910 A JP 2004552910A JP 4795690 B2 JP4795690 B2 JP 4795690B2
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- G05D7/06—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D7/0617—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials
- G05D7/0629—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the type of regulator means
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- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
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- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
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- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
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- A61M16/1005—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement
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- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1005—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement
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- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1005—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement
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Description
VT ∝ VdotCp
によってガスの体積流量(Vdot/lmin-1)に関係づけられる。
ΔV = ΔV0e(-t/RC)
で表すことができ、この式のΔVは任意の特定時刻t(s)における所望の設定点と実際の設定点との差(単位はボルト(V))であり、ΔV0は所望の設定点と以前の設定点との初期の差(すなわち時刻t=0における)であり、Rはキロオーム(kΩ)単位での抵抗器の抵抗であり、Cはマイクロファラッド(μF)単位でのキャパシタの容量である。
次に図3を参照すると、全体が200で表される人工呼吸器回路が、CPB回路に代わって図2の装置のフィルター115に接続されている。新しいガスは出口フィルター115(図1参照)を通り抜け逆止弁213を通って人工呼吸器回路200に進み、人工呼吸器にガスを供給して、それにより人工呼吸器回路200における酸素とキセノンの濃度を要求されるレベルに維持する。
Claims (14)
- 医療機器にガス組成物を提供し循環させるための装置であって、
該医療機器への及びそれからのガスの再循環式の流れのための主回路、
該主回路にガスを提供するためのガス源、及び、
該医療機器への及び/又は該ガス源から該主回路へのガスの流れを制御するための装置であって、
ガスが流動するための導管、
制御した変動比率のガス成分を有するガス混合物を該導管に送給するための送給手段、
該導管を通るガスの流れを調節するための調節器、
該調節器を作動させるための駆動手段、
所望の設定点に応じて設定点信号を発生するための設定点信号発生器、
ガスの流れの組成にかかわりなくガスの体積流量を測定するための、該調節器の下流に位置する体積流量計、
該体積流量計に付随している、該体積流量計によって測定された流量に対応するフィードバック信号の発生器、及び、
該駆動手段を制御するための調整信号を発生するための調整信号発生器であり、該調整信号に対応する量だけ該調節器を開き又は閉じるよう操作して所望の設定点に対応する所望の流量を実現するための調整信号発生器であって、該設定点信号と該フィードバック信号を比較するための比較器を含む調整信号発生器、
を含む、ガスの流れを制御するための装置、
を含み、該ガス組成物は第一のガスと第二のガスを含み、且つ、該主回路は、
該主回路を通してガスを送り前記医療機器に第一のガスと第二のガスを含むガス組成物を供給するための循環ポンプ、
前記医療機器に接続してそれにガスを供給するためのガス出口、
前記医療機器に接続してそれから使用済みのガスを受け取るためのガス入口、
第一のガス源から該主回路へ第一の組成のガスを供給するための第一の供給導管、
第二のガス源から該主回路へ該第一の組成と異なる第二の組成のガスを供給するための第二の供給導管、
該第一の供給導管を通るガスの流れを制御するための第一の供給流量制御器、及び、
該第二の供給導管を通るガスの流れを制御するための第二の供給流量制御器、
を含み、そして当該医療機器にガス組成物を提供し循環させるための装置は更に、
該主回路内のガス組成物中の少なくとも1種のガスの濃度を測定するための濃度測定器、
該主回路からガスを排出するための排出口、
前記ガス組成物における第一のガスの濃度を制御するための、前記第一の供給流量制御器を含む第一の回路ガス濃度制御器であって、該ガス組成物中の第一のガスの濃度を測定するための第一のガス濃度測定器であり、前記第一の供給導管を通る第一のガスの流量を制御するため該第一の供給流量制御器に連絡している第一のガス濃度測定器を含む第一の回路ガス濃度制御器、及び、
前記ガス組成物における該第二のガスの濃度を制御するための、前記第二の供給流量制御器を含む第二の回路ガス濃度制御器であって、該ガス組成物中の第二のガスの濃度を測定するための第二のガス濃度測定器であり、前記第二の供給導管を通る第二のガスの流量を制御するため該第二の供給流量制御器に連絡している第二のガス濃度測定器を含む第二の回路ガス濃度制御器、
を含み、該第一及び第二のガス濃度測定器により測定されるガス濃度がそれぞれの所定のレベルに達すると、前記測定器の各々が対応する流量制御器を始動して該主回路への対応するガスの流量を増加させる、医療機器にガス組成物を提供し循環させるための装置。 - モル比熱の異なる可変量の少なくとも二つのガス成分を含むガス組成物であるガス混合物を更に含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記ガス組成物が酸素及び/又は窒素と混合されたキセノンを含む、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記体積流量計が、タービンホイール流量計、容積流量計(positive displacement meter)、近容積流量計(near−positive displacement meter)、渦流量計、旋回プレートタービン流量計、及び相関流量計のうちの一つである、請求項1又は2に記載の装置。
- 前記設定点信号発生器が導管を通る所望の流量に対応して前記所望の設定点を設定できるポテンショメーターを含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記設定点信号発生器が、前記所望の設定点に対応する設定点信号に達するまで設定点信号が時間をかけて増加又は減少するようなスローダウン回路を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 再循環するガスの少なくとも一部分が前記ガス出口及び前記ガス入口をバイパスするのを可能にするバイパス回路、前記ガス出口を通るガスの流れを制御するためのガス出口流量制御器、及びバイパス導管を通るガスの流れを制御して、所定の圧力に達しない限り該バイパス導管を通るガスの流れを阻止することにより、該ガス出口への圧力を維持するための圧力維持手段を更に含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記第一の回路ガス濃度制御器が、前記ガス組成物における前記第一のガスの濃度を測定するための第一のガス濃度測定器であって前記第一の供給導管を通る第一のガスの流量を制御するため前記第一の供給流量制御器と連絡している第一のガス濃度測定器を含み、前記第二の回路ガス濃度制御器が、該回路におけるガス体積の相対的増加及び減少を監視するための監視装置であって前記第二の供給導管を通る第二のガスの流量を制御するため前記第二の供給流量制御器と連絡している監視装置を含み、該第一及び第二のガス濃度測定器により測定されるガス濃度がそれぞれの所定のレベルに達すると、前記測定器及び前記監視装置の各々が対応する流量制御器を始動して前記回路への対応するガスの流量を増加させる、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記第一の回路ガス濃度制御器が比較的高利得のアナログ電気回路を含み、前記第二の回路ガス濃度制御器は比較的低利得のアナログ電気回路を含み、それにより、前記第一のガスの流量の増加は比較的速やかであり、前記第二のガスの流量の増加は比較的ゆっくりである、請求項1又は8に記載の装置。
- 超音波キセノンアナライザーを更に含む、請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 導管を通る、比率の変動するガス混合物の流れを修正するための装置であり、その流れを、駆動手段に接続された設定点信号発生手段によって、所望のガス流量に対応する所望の設定点から、発生された設定点信号に応答して駆動手段により操作される調節器によって調節する装置であって、
請求項1に記載の装置、及び、
該流量を修正するための調整信号を発生するための比較器、
を含み、該設定点信号発生器が該比較器を介して該駆動手段に接続され、該比較器において該設定点信号が該フィードバック信号と比較され、そして該設定点が該フィードバック信号を参照して修正され該駆動手段へ伝送するための調整信号を生じさせて該調節器を調整しそれを通るガスの流量を変化させて、それにより所望のガス流量と測定されたガス流量との差異を小さくする、導管を通る比率の変動するガス混合物の流れを修正するための装置。 - 前記医療機器が心肺バイパス酸素供給装置及び人工呼吸器から選択される、請求項1乃至11のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記医療機器が心肺バイパス酸素供給装置である、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記酸素供給装置の下流に二酸化炭素吸収器、二酸化炭素アナライザー、及び圧力逃がし機器の一つ以上を更に含む、請求項13に記載の装置。
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GBGB0227109.6A GB0227109D0 (en) | 2002-11-20 | 2002-11-20 | Volume flow controller |
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PCT/GB2003/005064 WO2004046840A1 (en) | 2002-11-20 | 2003-11-20 | Volume flow controller |
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US20100180892A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
CA2505736C (en) | 2013-07-16 |
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AU2003302058A1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
EP1563354A1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
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CA2792164C (en) | 2013-12-03 |
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US8336544B2 (en) | 2012-12-25 |
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