JP4768360B2 - 照明手段および一次光学素子 - Google Patents
照明手段および一次光学素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4768360B2 JP4768360B2 JP2005246511A JP2005246511A JP4768360B2 JP 4768360 B2 JP4768360 B2 JP 4768360B2 JP 2005246511 A JP2005246511 A JP 2005246511A JP 2005246511 A JP2005246511 A JP 2005246511A JP 4768360 B2 JP4768360 B2 JP 4768360B2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
- G02B6/0028—Light guide, e.g. taper
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
- F21S41/148—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device the main emission direction of the LED being perpendicular to the optical axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/24—Light guides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
- F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0096—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the lights guides being of the hollow type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0045—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide
- G02B6/0046—Tapered light guide, e.g. wedge-shaped light guide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
- G02B6/0073—Light emitting diode [LED]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
- G02B6/0086—Positioning aspects
- G02B6/0091—Positioning aspects of the light source relative to the light guide
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Lenses (AREA)
Description
−ビーム形成エピタキシャル層列において支持素子に対向する第1の主面には、エピタキシャル層列において形成される電磁ビームをこれに逆反射させる反射層が被着されている、もしくは形成されている;
−エピタキシャル層列は20μm以下、殊に10μm以下の範囲の厚さを有する;
−エピタキシャル層列は、混合構造を有する少なくとも1つの面を備えた少なくとも1つの半導体層を包含し、この半導体層は理想的にはエピタキシャルに作成されたエピタキシャル層列において光をほぼエルゴード的に分散させる。すなわちこのエピタキシャル層列は可能な限りエルゴード的な確率的散乱特性を有する。
Claims (29)
- 光源と、放射方向において前記光源に後置されている光学装置とを備えた照明手段において、
前記光源と前記光学装置との間には、光入射部および光射出部を有する一次光学素子が配置されており、該一次光学素子は所定の放射特性に対応する放射特性を、該一次光学素子内の所期の反射と、前記光学装置を用いる前記光射出部の所期の投影、または前記光源から放射される光のビーム路内に存在する仮想の面の所期の投影とによって形成し、
前記一次光学素子は、非結像式のコンセントレータとして構成されており、該コンセントレータは、コンセントレータの通常の使用に比べて反対方向にビームを通過させるために設けられており、一次光学素子の光射出部は平面的に見て、第1の横の辺および該第1の横の辺と向かい合う第2の横の辺を有する細長い形状を有し、前記第1の横の辺から光入射部までの距離は、前記第2の横の辺から光入射部までの距離よりも短いことを特徴とする、照明手段。 - 前記所定の放射特性は光錐体を有し、該光錐体は主放射方向に対して垂直な横断面において不均質な光密度分布を有する、請求項1記載の照明手段。
- 前記光錐体は前記横断面の端部に最も明るい領域を有する、請求項2記載の照明手段。
- 前記光錐体は前記横断面の端部に急峻な明暗移行部を有する、請求項2または3記載の照明手段。
- 前記急峻な明暗移行部は2つの部分区間を有し、該部分区間の主延在方向は相互に傾斜されており、前記光錐体の横断面の外側において160°以上且つ170°以下の角度を形成する、請求項4記載の照明手段。
- 前記光源は少なくとも1つの発光ダイオード(LED)を有する、請求項1記載の照明手段。
- 前記光源は複数の発光ダイオードを有し、該複数の発光ダイオードは線形に配置されている、請求項6記載の照明手段。
- 前記発光ダイオードはビーム放射型の半導体ボディおよびルミネセンス変換エレメントを有し、前記ルミネセンス変換エレメントは前記半導体ボディによって形成されるビームを少なくとも部分的に別の波長のビームに変換する、請求項6記載の照明手段。
- 前記半導体ボディによって形成されるビームと、前記ルミネセンス変換エレメントによって形成されるビームとが前記一次光学素子において混合される、請求項8記載の照明手段。
- 前記ルミネセンス変換エレメントは前記半導体ボディ上に被着されている、請求項8記載の照明手段。
- 前記光入射部は、1つまたは複数の前記発光ダイオードの側方の広がりの1.5倍以下の幅を持つ光入射面または光入射開口部を有し、1つまたは複数の前記発光ダイオードの前記側方の広がりは前記光入射面ないし前記光入射開口部の幅に沿った長さを有する、請求項6または7記載の照明手段。
- 前記光源は白色光を放射する、請求項1または2記載の照明手段。
- 前記光学装置はレンズまたはレンズ結合体である、請求項1または2記載の照明手段。
- 前記一次光学素子は基体を有し、該基体は空隙を規定し、該空隙の内壁は可視電磁ビームのスペクトル部分領域に対して少なくとも反射性である、請求項1または2記載の照明手段。
- 前記一次光学素子は誘電性のコンセントレータとして構成されており、該コンセントレータの基体は適切な屈折率を有する誘電性の材料から構成されている中実体であり、前記光入射部を介して入力結合される光は前記中実体の側方の境界面における全反射によって、前記光入射部を前記光射出部と結ぶ包囲媒体へと反射される、請求項1または2記載の照明手段。
- 前記一次光学素子は、前記光入射部を介して入射する光を内部反射によってコリメートする、請求項1または2記載の照明手段。
- 前記一次光学素子は、前記光入射部を介して入射する、所定の不均質な光密度分布を有する光を、前記光射出部または、一次光学素子の放射方向において該光射出部に後置されている仮想の面に結像する、請求項1または2記載の照明手段。
- 前記一次光学素子は、前記光入射部を介して入射する光を内部反射によって混合する、請求項1または2記載の照明手段。
- 前記一次光学素子は前記光射出部の側において多角形の横断面を有し、該横断面は少なくとも1つの丸まった角を有する、請求項1または2記載の照明手段。
- 前記一次光学素子は、少なくとも前記光入射部の側の区間において、並んで配置されており且つ前記光射出部の方向に伸びる複数の光チャネルを有し、該光チャネルはそれぞれ円形の横断面を有し、且つ側方において隣接する光チャネルと重畳している、請求項1または2記載の照明手段。
- 前記光チャネルは前記光射出部までの経過において集束していき、少なくとも1つの光チャネルは完全に他の光チャネルに吸収される、請求項20記載の照明手段。
- 前記一次光学素子は、前記光射出部の近傍において、放射すべき光錐体に対する所定の横断面形状としての横断面形状を有する、請求項2記載の照明手段。
- 前記横断面形状は非対称的である、請求項22記載の照明手段。
- 前記光射出部の第1の横の辺は2つの部分区間を有し、該部分区間の主延在方向は相互に傾斜されており、前記光射出部の外側において160°以上且つ170°以下の角度を形成する、請求項1または2記載の照明手段。
- 前記一次光学素子は、複合放物面集光器(CPC)、複合楕円面集光器(CEC)、複合双曲面集光器(CHC)として構成されている、請求項1または2記載の照明装置。
- 前記一次光学素子の反射性の面が自由形状面として構成されている、請求項1または2記載の照明装置。
- 前記一次光学素子は凸状に湾曲している反射性の面を有する、請求項1または2記載の照明装置。
- 前記一次光学素子の横断面の面積は、前記光入射部から前記光射出部までの経過において拡大し続ける、もしくは、
前記光射出部までの経過において拡大し続ける横断面の面積を有する部分と、一定の横断面の面積を有する部分とからなる、請求項1または2記載の照明装置。 - 前記光学装置は自由形状レンズである、請求項1または2記載の照明装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004041872 | 2004-08-27 | ||
DE102004041872.1 | 2004-08-27 | ||
DE102005015149.3 | 2005-03-21 | ||
DE102005015149 | 2005-03-31 | ||
DE102005017528.7 | 2005-04-15 | ||
DE102005017528A DE102005017528A1 (de) | 2004-08-27 | 2005-04-15 | Leuchtmittel mit vorgegebener Abstrahlcharakteristik und Primäroptikelement für ein Leuchtmittel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006066399A JP2006066399A (ja) | 2006-03-09 |
JP4768360B2 true JP4768360B2 (ja) | 2011-09-07 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2005246511A Active JP4768360B2 (ja) | 2004-08-27 | 2005-08-26 | 照明手段および一次光学素子 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7401947B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1630576B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4768360B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102005017528A1 (ja) |
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- 2005-08-26 US US11/213,515 patent/US7401947B2/en active Active
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JP2006066399A (ja) | 2006-03-09 |
EP1630576A2 (de) | 2006-03-01 |
US20090129080A1 (en) | 2009-05-21 |
DE102005017528A1 (de) | 2006-03-09 |
US20060083013A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
EP1630576A3 (de) | 2006-03-15 |
US7607804B2 (en) | 2009-10-27 |
EP1630576B1 (de) | 2019-10-02 |
US7401947B2 (en) | 2008-07-22 |
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