JP4745342B2 - 表面改質プラスチックフィルム及びその調製方法 - Google Patents
表面改質プラスチックフィルム及びその調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4745342B2 JP4745342B2 JP2007534196A JP2007534196A JP4745342B2 JP 4745342 B2 JP4745342 B2 JP 4745342B2 JP 2007534196 A JP2007534196 A JP 2007534196A JP 2007534196 A JP2007534196 A JP 2007534196A JP 4745342 B2 JP4745342 B2 JP 4745342B2
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Images
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Description
(1)帯電防止剤を含有する基材プラスチックフィルムの少なくとも片面に、樹脂及び/又は無機微粒子を含有する組成物からなる微小な線状体から構成される表面層を有する、表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(2)基材プラスチックフィルムの少なくとも片面に導電性を有する被膜を有し、当該皮膜上に、樹脂及び/又は無機微粒子を含有する組成物からなる微小な線状体から構成される表面層を有する、表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(3)基材プラスチックフィルムの少なくとも片面が帯電防止剤で処理されてなり、当該面に、樹脂及び/又は無機微粒子を含有する組成物からなる微小な線状体から構成される表面層を有する、表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(4)前記表面層が堆積により形成された(1)〜(3)のいずれか1に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(5)基材プラスチックフィルムと表面層の間にプライマー層を有する(1)〜(4)のいずれか1に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(6)基材プラスチックフィルムが穴あけ処理されたフィルムである(1)〜(5)のいずれか1に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(7)該微小な線状体の直径が100μm〜1nmである(1)〜(6)のいずれか1に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(8)表面層が静電噴霧堆積法により形成された(1)〜(7)のいずれか1に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(9)樹脂が、疎水性又は親水性の樹脂であり、防曇性が付与された(1)〜(8)のいずれか1に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(10)樹脂が、疎水性又は親水性の樹脂であり、撥水性が付与された(1)〜(9)のいずれか1に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(11)組成物が、基材プラスチックフィルムと異なる屈折率を有する樹脂組成物であり、特定波長の光を反射する(1)〜(10)のいずれか1に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム、
(12)絶縁性が低減された基材プラスチックフィルムの少なくとも片面に、樹脂及び/又は無機微粒子を含有する溶液又は分散液の液滴を静電噴霧堆積法により噴き付け適用して、該基材フィルムの表面に樹脂及び/又は無機微粒子を含有する組成物からなる微小な線状体から構成される表面層を形成させる、表面改質プラスチックフィルムの調製方法、
を提供するものである。
以下、本発明を詳細に説明するが、これに限定されるわけではない。
本発明における基材プラスチックフィルムとしては、一般的な樹脂製のフィルム、特に好ましくは熱可塑性樹脂フィルムが用いられる。熱可塑性樹脂フィルムとしては、農業用フィルムや、建材用フィルム、光学機能フィルム、包装用フィルム等に用いられる、通常の熱可塑性樹脂を主成分として作成されたフィルムを言う。軟質フィルムであっても硬質フィルムであってもよいが、特に好ましくは軟質フィルムがよい。
更に、フィルムには静電噴霧堆積法により付着させる樹脂の付着力を向上させたり、付着効率を向上させたりする目的で、静電噴霧堆積法による表面処理を行う前に、コロナ処理、プラズマ処理、プライマー処理などの前処理を施してもよい。ここで、プライマー処理で使用する樹脂としては、例えばアクリル系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂、シリコン系樹脂、アクリルウレタン系樹脂、アクリルシリコン系樹脂、アクリル変性ポリオレフィン系樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂などを使用することができる。
また、本発明においては、表面層を形成させる基材プラスチックフィルムの表面を前記した帯電防止剤で処理することにより、絶縁性を低減させることができる。この場合は、帯電防止剤を含有する噴霧液を用いるのが好ましい。帯電防止剤の種類としては、前記した有機系帯電防止剤が好適に使用される。
本発明における表面改質フィルムが有する表面層は、樹脂及び/又は無機微粒子を含有する組成物からなる微小な線状体及び/又は粒子状体から構成される。本発明において、微小な線状体とは、具体的には、図1の左図に示すように、基材プラスチックフィルム(3)表面に比較的ランダムに近いパターンで付着される線状体5をいう。線状体の大きさは、後述する使用装置の条件(印加電圧、流量、ノズル径)や使用する樹脂液の種類によっても異なるため、限定されるものではないが、繊維径としての直径が100μm〜1nm、特に好ましくは10μm〜10nmである。径が小さいほど線状体は一般に透明になるため、透明性を必要とするプラスチックフィルム用途には好ましい。また、本発明における微小な粒子状体の大きさも使用装置の条件や使用する樹脂液の種類によって異なるが、粒子径としての直径が100μm〜1nm、特に好ましくは10μm〜10nmである。
本発明における表面層を構成する微小な線状体及び粒子状体は、樹脂及び/又は無機微粒子を含有する組成物からなる。本発明においては、主にこの樹脂及び/又は無機微粒子が、プラスチックフィルムの表面に機能性を付与する役割を有する。本発明において「組成物」とは、必須成分として、樹脂を含有する場合、樹脂及び無機微粒子を含有する場合、無機微粒子を含有する場合のいずれかを意味する。本発明の実施にあたり、組成物がいずれの必須成分を含有するかは、表面改質プラスチックに付与する機能性やその用途、使用する基材フィルムの種類等に応じて適宜選択される。また、付与する機能性としては防曇性、耐汚染性、撥水性、特定光線反射性などが挙げられる。
本発明における表面改質フィルムは、静電噴霧堆積法を用いた表面処理方法により好適に調製することができる。本発明でいう静電噴霧堆積法とは、溶液又は分散液などの液体を静電的に帯電させ、帯電した微小な液滴状物質を生成し、被対象物に付着させる方法をいう。例えば特表2002−511792号公報には、蛋白質などの生体高分子から微小なフィルムやスポットを静電噴霧堆積法により形成した例が示されているが、この方法をプラスチックフィルムなどのような大規模な対象物に適用しようとした例は殆どない。
静電噴霧堆積法に適用する樹脂含有液の物性としては、樹脂含有液の電導度として、20mS/m以下、特に好ましくは、8mS/m以下、粘度としては、10cP〜1900cP、好ましくは20cP〜300cP、表面張力としては、20.0mN/m〜72.0mN/mの範囲のものを使用すると好ましい。
基材プラスチックフィルム
以下のとおり、基材プラスチックフィルムとして3種類の異なる絶縁性プラスチックフィルムを準備した。
(1)ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(PETフィルム)
フィルム厚さ:150μm 表面電気抵抗値:5.0×1015 Ω
(2)ポリオレフィンフィルム(POフィルム)
フィルム厚さ:150μm 表面電気抵抗値:3.0×1014 Ω
ポリエチレン樹脂にベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤を0.1重量%、ヒンダードアミン系光安定剤を0.5重量%添加して得られた樹脂組成物より得られたフィルム。
(3)穴あけ処理ポリオレフィンフィルム(穴あけPOフィルム)
フィルム厚さ: 100μm 表面電気抵抗値:3.0×1014 Ω
ポリエチレン樹脂に、ベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤を0.1重量%、ヒンダードアミン系光安定剤を0.5重量%添加して得られた樹脂組成物より得られたフィルムに平均直径が100μmの穴あけ処理を施したフィルム。
(1)アクリル系樹脂(以下Aという)とシリカゾル(E)のブレンド系
アクリル系樹脂(A):ヒドロキシエチルメタアクリレート(HEMA)をモノマー成分中70重量%含有する親水性のアクリル系樹脂(メタノール溶液、固形分濃度30重量%)
シリカゾル(E):粒径30〜50nmのコロイド状シリカ粒子がメタノール液に分散した分散液(固形分濃度30重量%)
アクリル系樹脂(A)とシリカゾル(E)を表―1に示す重量比(Eはシリカ重量として計算)になるよう混合した後、メタノールで希釈して、液中固形濃度5.0重量%の分散液とし実験に用いた。
(2)アクリル系樹脂(B)
溶液重合により得られた以下のモノマー組成のアクリル樹脂(イソプロピルアルコール溶液、固形分濃度15重量%)を実験に用いた。
(3)アクリル系樹脂(C)
乳化重合により得られた以下のモノマー組成のアクリル樹脂(水分散、固形分濃度35重量%)を実験に用いた。
= 30/25/44/1
装置概要
図1に概略図を示すように、ノズル先端1aを有し、一定流速の液を流出可能な噴射ノズル1の対面に、15cm×15cmの導電性アルミ板からなる導電板2上に、10cm×10cmのプラスチックフィルムを戴置し、ノズル1aと導電板2の間に電圧を印加可能な装置を用いた。
表面処理
下記表−1に示すように樹脂(A)と無機微粒子(E)の組成比(重量)を変化させた溶液1〜5、及び樹脂(B)、樹脂(C)を使用して、上記の装置と条件を用いて、3種類のプラスチックフィルムの表面上に、樹脂組成物を含む液を噴霧し実験を行った。
次に、基材プラスチックフィルムの絶縁性を低減させた場合の、静電噴霧堆積法による試験を行った。使用した基材フィルムは以下のように調製した。
(1)基材1:塩化ビニル樹脂にカーボンブラックを9重量部配合してカレンダー成形法により調製したフィルム
フィルム厚み:100μm 表面電気抵抗値:8.7×103Ω
(2)基材2:第1実施例で用いたポリオレフィンフィルムの表面に帯電防止剤を噴霧処理して調製したフィルム
フィルム厚み:150μm 表面電気抵抗値:1.3×1010Ω
使用した帯電防止剤:サンハヤト(株)製ドライマックスSX−250(アルキルジエタノールアミドのエタノール溶液)
(3)基材3:第一実施例で用いたポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの表面に、ATOとアクリル樹脂を含有する溶液をリバースロールコーターを用いてコーティング・乾燥して調製したフィルム
フィルム厚み:150μm 表面電気抵抗値:8.0×1013Ω
(4)基材4:塩化ビニル樹脂に帯電防止可塑剤(アジピン酸エステル系可塑剤)を7重量部配合してカレンダー成形法により調製したフィルム
フィルム厚み:300μm 表面電気抵抗値:1.2×1014Ω
(5)基材5(比較例):第1実施例で用いたポリオレフィンフィルム
(6)基材6(参考例):アルミ箔
厚み:50μm
樹脂溶液及び無機微粒子分散液の調製
以下の樹脂溶液及び無機微粒子分散液を使用した。
(1)液9:第1実施例で使用したアクリル系樹脂Aの固形分濃度30重量%のメタノール溶液 粘度(20℃):60mPa
(2)液10:粒径30〜50nmのコロイド状シリカ粒子がイソプロピルアルコールに分散した分散液(固形分濃度30重量%)
装置概要
第1実施例で使用した装置と同じ装置を使用して、一定流速の液を流出可能な噴射ノズルの対面に、10cm×10cmの基材プラスチックフィルムを配置した。アースは基材プラスチックフィルムの表面から直接とった。
表面処理
上記液9と液10を使用し、上記の装置と条件を用いて、6種類の基材(5種類のプラスチックフィルムと1種類のアルミ箔)の表面上に、樹脂組成物を含む液を噴霧し実験を行った。
1a ノズル先端
2 導電板
3 プラスチックフィルム
4 電圧印加装置
5 線状体
Claims (10)
- 帯電防止剤を含有する基材プラスチックフィルムの少なくとも片面に、樹脂、又は樹脂及び無機微粒子を含有する組成物からなる微小な線状体から構成され、静電噴霧堆積法により形成された表面層を有する、表面改質プラスチックフィルム。
- 基材プラスチックフィルムの少なくとも片面に導電性を有する被膜を有し、当該被膜上に、樹脂、又は樹脂及び無機微粒子を含有する組成物からなる微小な線状体から構成され、静電噴霧堆積法により形成された表面層を有する、表面改質プラスチックフィルム。
- 基材プラスチックフィルムの少なくとも片面が帯電防止剤で処理されてなり、当該面に、樹脂、又は樹脂及び無機微粒子を含有する組成物からなる微小な線状体から構成され、静電噴霧堆積法により形成された表面層を有する、表面改質プラスチックフィルム。
- 基材プラスチックフィルムと表面層の間にプライマー層を有する請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム。
- 基材プラスチックフィルムが穴あけ処理されたフィルムである請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム。
- 該微小な線状体の直径が100μm〜1nmである請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム。
- 樹脂が、疎水性又は親水性の樹脂であり、防曇性が付与された請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム。
- 樹脂が、疎水性又は親水性の樹脂であり、撥水性が付与された請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム。
- 組成物が、基材プラスチックフィルムと異なる屈折率を有する樹脂組成物であり、特定波長の光を反射する請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の表面改質プラスチックフィルム。
- 絶縁性が低減された基材プラスチックフィルムの少なくとも片面に、樹脂、又は樹脂及び無機微粒子を含有する溶液又は分散液の液滴を静電噴霧堆積法により噴き付け適用して、該基材フィルムの表面に樹脂、又は樹脂及び無機微粒子を含有する組成物からなる微小な線状体から構成される表面層を形成させる、表面改質プラスチックフィルムの調製方法。
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JPH05169006A (ja) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-09 | Kansai Paint Co Ltd | プラスチツク部材の静電塗装方法 |
JP2003237003A (ja) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-26 | Japan Polychem Corp | 積層体及びそれからなる成形品 |
JP2004502051A (ja) * | 2000-06-29 | 2004-01-22 | ジョンソン・アンド・ジョンソン・コンシューマー・カンパニーズ・インコーポレイテッド | 支持体へのパウダーの静電浸透 |
JP2004504925A (ja) * | 2000-06-14 | 2004-02-19 | ザ、プロクター、エンド、ギャンブル、カンパニー | 硬質表面を改質するための長期耐久性の被覆及びその適用方法 |
JP2005281679A (ja) * | 2004-03-04 | 2005-10-13 | Mitsubishi Chem Mkv Co | 表面改質プラスチックフィルム及び防曇性フィルム |
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DE10118351A1 (de) * | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-17 | Creavis Tech & Innovation Gmbh | Selbstreinigende Oberflächen durch hydrophobe Strukturen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
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JPH05169006A (ja) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-09 | Kansai Paint Co Ltd | プラスチツク部材の静電塗装方法 |
JP2004504925A (ja) * | 2000-06-14 | 2004-02-19 | ザ、プロクター、エンド、ギャンブル、カンパニー | 硬質表面を改質するための長期耐久性の被覆及びその適用方法 |
JP2004502051A (ja) * | 2000-06-29 | 2004-01-22 | ジョンソン・アンド・ジョンソン・コンシューマー・カンパニーズ・インコーポレイテッド | 支持体へのパウダーの静電浸透 |
JP2003237003A (ja) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-26 | Japan Polychem Corp | 積層体及びそれからなる成形品 |
JP2005281679A (ja) * | 2004-03-04 | 2005-10-13 | Mitsubishi Chem Mkv Co | 表面改質プラスチックフィルム及び防曇性フィルム |
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