JP4665041B2 - Seismic structure and seismic construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a seismic structure of a building and a seismic construction method, and in particular, even when a building is damaged by an earthquake, it is possible to ensure a space that can survive and a breathable air gap in the building only for a necessary short period. The present invention relates to a structure and a construction method.

  In the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, it was reported that most of the causes of death were suffocation and crushing. From this, even after a building collapses or breaks down due to an earthquake, the minimum space such as a living space or breathable air gap in the building is said to be the survivable limit at the time of an earthquake for 72 hours. If it can be secured, human damage is considered to be greatly suppressed.

  In recent years, various proposals have been made for seismic reinforcement of buildings that have been found to be insufficient in strength by seismic diagnosis of existing buildings designed before the new seismic design method. However, seismic reinforcement of an existing building is generally a method of reinforcing the entire building, and when it is carried out from structural design for reinforcement to reinforcement work, the scale and cost often increase. In addition, in condominiums, it is necessary for each resident to form an agreement in order to perform seismic reinforcement work. Therefore, the actual situation is that the seismic reinforcement work has not been carried out smoothly, especially in apartment buildings.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a method for seismic reinforcement of a reinforced concrete structure opening in which a rectangular frame is formed along the inner peripheral surface of the opening of the reinforced concrete structure and braces are provided in the frame. .

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-128035

However, the seismic reinforcement method for the opening of the reinforced concrete structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a method in which the building frame and the reinforcement member such as a frame are integrated with anchor bolts, etc. Construction is the premise. Also, by installing reinforcing members such as frames and braces,
The resident's daily life may be hindered, resulting in discomfort to the resident.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems. Even after a building collapses or is damaged by an earthquake, the minimum survivable space such as a living space or a breathable air gap in the building can be obtained. The object is to provide an earthquake-resistant structure and an earthquake-resistant construction method that can secure the environment and suppress the occurrence of victims due to the earthquake. Another object of the present invention is to provide an earthquake-resistant structure and an earthquake-resistant construction method capable of performing earthquake-resistant construction in units of dedicated units of each dwelling unit, for example.

In order to achieve the above object, a seismic structure according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of metal vertical support members having an article shelf that is a metal product and arranged as indoor equipment and partitions in a dedicated portion of a building. A frame structure which is a floor on which a metal vertical support material is arranged and is arranged in a dedicated portion of the building and is constructed in a three-dimensional lattice shape to form a storage space, a plurality of metal vertical support materials , and a frame structure is connected to the body, and a shape retaining member for holding the arrangement of the plurality of metallic vertical support and the frame structure during the earthquake, a plurality of metallic vertical support, the shape retaining material, and the frame When an indoor space is formed in the space surrounded by the structure and the structural frame of the floor on which a plurality of metal vertical supports and frame structures are damaged due to the occurrence of an earthquake, the metal vertical support and frames Structure Body, characterized in that to secure the interior space by charge of its own weight of the upper layer of the building.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said objective, the earthquake-resistant structure which concerns on the 2nd viewpoint of this invention is the article shelf which is a metal product arrange | positioned as indoor equipment along the wall inside the exclusive part of a building. A plurality of metal vertical support members, a floor on which the metal vertical support materials are arranged, arranged on a dedicated portion of the building, constructed in a three-dimensional lattice shape to form a storage space, and a plurality of metals Ltd. vertical support, and connected to the frame structure, and a shape retaining member for holding the arrangement of the plurality of metallic vertical support and frame structures during an earthquake occurs, made more metal vertical support When an indoor space is formed in the space surrounded by the material, shape-retaining material, and frame structure, and the structural frame of the floor on which multiple metal vertical support materials and frame structures are installed is damaged by the occurrence of an earthquake. , Metal vertical support Fine frame structure is characterized in that to secure the interior space by charge of its own weight of the upper layer of the building.

  In addition, the shape maintaining material may include a connecting material that connects a plurality of metal vertical support materials arranged at intervals.

In addition, the shape maintaining material may further include a plurality of metal vertical support materials arranged so as to surround the indoor space of the building and a brace material installed so as to diagonally cross the arrangement form of the frame structure. .

The shape retaining member may further comprise a corner reinforcement for reinforcing the corner portion of the seismic structure formed by steel positioned adjacent metallic vertical support.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said objective, the seismic construction method which concerns on the 1st viewpoint of this invention is the process of removing the partition of the exclusive part of a building, and the some metal vertical support material which has the goods shelf which is a metal product. , The process of partitioning into a dedicated part of the building and partitioning it into each room, and the frame structure constructed in a three-dimensional lattice form is a floor on which a metal vertical support material is placed and placed in a dedicated part of the building comprising forming a space to hold the arrangement of the metallic vertical support and the frame structure, and attaching the shape retaining member for connecting a plurality of metallic vertical support and the frame structure, and A floor structure in which an indoor space is formed in a space surrounded by a plurality of metal vertical support materials, shape retaining materials, and a frame structure, and a plurality of metal vertical support materials and a frame structure are installed due to an earthquake. Damaged body When the, characterized in that the metallic vertical support and the frame structure is adapted to secure the interior space by charge of its own weight of the upper layer of the building.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said objective, the seismic construction method which concerns on the 2nd viewpoint of this invention arrange | positions the several metal vertical support material which has the goods shelf which is a metal product along the partition of a building, A step of forming a storage space by arranging a frame structure constructed in a three-dimensional lattice shape on a dedicated part of a building, which is a floor on which a metal vertical support material is arranged, and a metal vertical support material and a frame structure A plurality of vertical metal support members and a step of attaching a shape holding material for connecting the frame structure to hold the arrangement form, and a plurality of vertical metal support materials, the shape holding material, and the frame structure. An interior space is formed in the enclosed space, and when the structural frame of the floor where a plurality of metal vertical support members and frame structures are installed is damaged due to an earthquake, the metal vertical support members and frame structures are Upper layer Characterized in that and in such a way as to maintain the indoor space by charge of its own weight of the object.

  As described above, according to the present invention, even after a building collapses or is damaged by an earthquake, it is possible to secure a minimum viable environment such as a living space or a breathable air gap in the building, and sacrifice due to the earthquake disaster. It is possible to provide an earthquake-resistant structure that suppresses the generation of a person and an earthquake-resistant construction method. In addition, in an apartment house, it is possible to provide an earthquake-resistant structure and an earthquake-resistant construction method capable of performing earthquake-proof construction in units of dedicated units of each dwelling unit.

The perspective view of the earthquake-proof structure concerning the embodiment of the present invention. The perspective view of the steel rack which comprises the earthquake-resistant structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The enlarged view of the site | part shown by "III" in FIG. The top view which showed the exclusive part of the dwelling unit of the apartment house before constructing the earthquake-resistant structure which concerns on this embodiment. The top view which showed an example at the time of constructing the earthquake-resistant structure which concerns on this embodiment on the whole exclusive part of one dwelling unit. The top view which showed an example at the time of constructing the earthquake-resistant structure which concerns on this-application embodiment in a part of exclusive part of one dwelling unit.

  Hereinafter, the structure of the earthquake-resistant structure according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a seismic structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, this embodiment demonstrates the case where an earthquake-resistant structure is introduced into the exclusive part of the dwelling unit of an apartment house.

  The seismic structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 is assembled by three steel racks 10, four connecting members 11 connecting the steel racks 10 arranged at intervals, and a plurality of metal strips. The frame structure 12, the upper brace material 13 and the lower brace material 14 having ends attached to the steel rack 10 and the frame structure 12 so as to intersect at the upper part and the lower part of the seismic structure 1, and the end parts are made of steel. The back brace material 15 diagonally attached to the outer surface (back surface) of the rack 10 and the outer surface (back surface of the earthquake resistant structure 1) of the frame structure 12, and the earthquake resistant structure 1 constructed in a rectangular shape in plan view And a corner reinforcing member 16 for reinforcing the corners of the corner.

  These members constituting the earthquake-resistant structure 1 described above function as an interior part of a so-called apartment house, such as a partition wall of an apartment house or a part for a house. In addition, these members have a height from the floor to the ceiling of the living space to be introduced, and when an earthquake occurs and the pillars of the building are crushed, they are higher than the floor where the earthquake resistant structure 1 is introduced. Support building loads and ensure occupant living space and breathable air gaps.

  FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a steel rack 10 as a metal vertical support member constituting the earthquake resistant structure 1. The steel rack 10 is, for example, a bookshelf or an article shelf that conforms to JIS standards, and has a height from the floor to the ceiling of the living space. The steel rack 10 is installed along the wall of a building and can be used as a partition. A variety of ready-made steel racks 10 are provided according to the articles to be stored. The resident can freely select from a variety of ready-made steel racks 10 according to the purpose of use. In addition to the steel rack 10, a partition (partition wall) having a predetermined wall thickness can also be used as a metal vertical support material.

  Further, the steel rack 10 supports the load of the upper building when the pillars of the building on the installation floor are crushed by an earthquake. The load of the upper building is supported mainly by four columns 10a arranged at the four corners of the steel rack 10, side plates 10b constituting the steel rack 10, and a back plate (not shown) of the steel rack. Therefore, in selecting the steel rack 10, not only the condition of the steel rack according to the resident's purpose of use, but also the survival time (at least 72 hours at the time of an earthquake) when the steel rack supports the load of the upper building. ), A living space and a breathable space are required. In addition, although a horizontal force acts on the seismic structure 1 by an earthquake, the initial shape of the seismic structure 1 is maintained by attaching the upper brace material 13 and the corner reinforcing material 16 described above. Therefore, in order to secure the living space of the occupants, a steel rack that can withstand the weight of the upper building is selected.

  In addition, when a clearance gap arises between the ceiling end of the steel rack 10, and a ceiling, the rubber plate 17 is inserted in this clearance gap. As a result, the steel rack 10 can smoothly transmit the load of the upper building to the steel rack 10 and prevent sound leakage from the gap.

  The upper brace material 13 and the lower brace material 14 (hereinafter simply described as the brace material when the upper brace material 13 and the lower brace material 14 are not distinguished from each other) are composed of wire ropes made of steel, for example. Yes. As shown in FIG. 1, the two upper brace members 13 are attached to the upper fixing portion of the seismic structure 1 so that the two upper brace members 13 intersect at the upper part of the seismic structure 1 formed in a rectangular shape. ing. Similarly, the two lower brace members 14 are attached to the lower fixing portion of the seismic structure 1 so that the ends of the two lower brace members 14 intersect at the lower part of the seismic structure 1. These brace materials maintain the shape of the earthquake-resistant structure 1 constructed in a rectangular shape by resisting a tensile force that tends to increase the distance between both ends due to the shaking of the earthquake. Thereby, the earthquake-resistant structure 1 can support the load of the upper-layer building in the state of the initial shape. In addition, as a material of the brace material, various tensile materials that can ensure a predetermined strength such as a high strength synthetic resin rope and a carbon fiber wire can be applied in addition to the steel wire rope.

  In this embodiment, the back brace material 15 is also comprised, for example from the wire rope like the brace material mentioned above. As shown in FIG. 1, the two rear brace members 15 are attached to the corners of the rear and side surfaces (outer surface of the earthquake-resistant structure 1) of the steel rack 10 and the frame structure 12. The back brace material is attached so that it crosses. The back brace material 15 prevents the deformation of the steel rack 10 and the frame structure 12 due to the shaking of the earthquake.

  The connecting material 11 is made of various shape steels such as angle steels and groove steels conforming to JIS standards, for example. As shown in FIG. 1, the connecting member 11 connects two steel racks 10 installed at a distance from each other by a total of four, two at the top and two at the bottom. The steel rack 10 is formed with bolt holes (not shown) for connecting the connecting material 11 and bolts. Thus, when the connecting material 11 connects the two steel racks 10, the shape of the earthquake-resistant structure 1 constructed in a rectangular shape is firmly held. And the opening 25 for entrance / exit is formed in the earthquake-resistant structure 1 by connecting between the steel racks arrange | positioned at intervals by the connection material 11. FIG. By attaching a door (not shown) to the opening 25, a living room serving as a living space surrounded by the earthquake-resistant structure 1 can be formed.

  The corner reinforcing member 16 is also made of a shape steel such as an angle steel or a channel steel. As shown in FIG. 2, the corner reinforcing member 16 is attached to a corner portion of the earthquake-resistant structure 1 formed in a rectangular shape, and holds the shape of the earthquake-resistant structure 1 constructed in a rectangular shape. The corner reinforcing material 16 can be omitted when it is not necessary in design.

  As for the frame structure 12, shape steel, such as angle iron, is assembled in the shape of a solid grid, and a top plate, a back plate, a side plate, a shelf board, etc. which are not illustrated are attached. A space is formed inside the frame structure 12 assembled in this way. Residents can use this space as a storage space for storing futons, clothes, and the like. Moreover, a door etc. can be attached to the frame structure 12 and each shelf from a design viewpoint. The frame structure 12 is connected to adjacent steel racks 10 by bolts (not shown). The frame structure 12 supports the load of the upper building together with the steel rack 10.

  Next, the structure details of the earthquake-resistant structure 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention are demonstrated. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by “III” in FIG. As shown in the drawing, an eyebolt 18 is attached to the upper surface of the steel rack 10. One end of the upper brace material 13 is locked to the head hole of the eyebolt 18 by a crimp sleeve 19. Further, the other end of the upper brace material 13 is also locked in the head hole of the eyebolt 18 attached to the upper surface of the steel rack 10. As described above, the upper brace material 13 is stretched between the eyebolts 18 attached on the substantially diagonal line of the earthquake-resistant structure 1.

  A gusset plate 20 that supports the corner reinforcement 16 is attached to the upper portion of the steel rack 10. The corner reinforcing members 16 are connected at their respective ends with gusset plates 20 and bolts 21 to reinforce the corners of the earthquake resistant structure 1.

  Further, an eye bolt (not shown) is also attached to the lower part of the steel rack 10, and the lower brace material 14 is stretched between eye bolts (not shown) so as to connect the earthquake-resistant structure 1 substantially diagonally. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a base plate 23 is attached to the lower part of the steel rack 10. The steel rack 10 is fixed to the floor via a base plate 23 fixed by anchor bolts (not shown). Thereby, even when an earthquake occurs, the earthquake-resistant structure 1 can be stopped at a predetermined position.

  Next, the construction method of the earthquake-resistant structure 1 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG.4 and FIG.5. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a dedicated portion of one dwelling unit of the apartment house before introducing the earthquake resistant structure 1 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example in which the seismic structure 1 according to the present embodiment is applied to the entire dedicated portion shown in FIG.

  A dedicated portion of the dwelling unit shown in FIG. 4 is partitioned by a pillar 31 and a wall body 32. The wall 32 is formed with an entrance opening 32a for forming an entrance and a window opening 32b for forming a window.

  In such a dedicated portion of the dwelling unit, for example, a room 35 is formed by partition walls 33a and 33b, and a storage space 36 and the like are formed by partition walls 33c and 33d. In general, in housing complexes, the introduction of rebuilding and seismic reinforcement is considered based on the results of seismic diagnosis. However, it is often difficult to form consensus for rebuilding and introducing seismic reinforcement due to differences in the family structure and income of residents. For this reason, residents who want to introduce seismic reinforcement must continue to live in the current housing complex without consensus. In such a situation, the seismic construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be constructed in units of dwelling units that residents occupy, and furthermore, the safety of individual dwelling units can be reduced more easily and at a lower cost than conventional construction methods. It becomes possible to raise.

  In introducing the earthquake-resistant structure 1 according to the present embodiment, first, all the partition walls 33a, 33b,... Shown in FIG. Next, the structural member (steel rack 10 etc.) of the earthquake-resistant structure 1 is arrange | positioned in a predetermined position. A part of the steel rack 10 is disposed along the wall body 32 as shown in FIG. In addition, it is preferable to arrange | position the steel rack 10 under the beam member (not shown) which is a structural housing of an apartment house. Thereby, when the pillar of the introduction floor of the earthquake-resistant structure 1 breaks down, the steel rack 10 can support the load by the upper-layer building via a beam member.

  It should be noted that the steel rack 10 is not disposed in the portion corresponding to the entrance opening 32a and the window opening 32b so that the occupant's traffic and visual field are not obstructed, but instead the shape of the earthquake-resistant structure 1 is maintained. The connecting material 11 is installed. Moreover, the connection material 11 is suitably attached to the installation location of a door, a channel | path, etc. in order to aim at integration of the earthquake-resistant structure 1. FIG.

  In order to secure a relatively large storage space such as a closet in the living space, as shown in FIG. 5, a frame structure 12 in which shape steel or the like is assembled in a three-dimensional lattice shape is installed in the living space. The size, shape, and installation position of the frame structure 12 can be freely set according to the resident's request.

  The brace material 13 and the corner reinforcing material 16 described above are attached to the steel rack 10, the connecting material 11, the frame structure 12, and the like installed in this way, and the deformation of the earthquake resistant structure 1 due to an earthquake is prevented.

As described above, the following effects can be obtained by using the earthquake resistant structure and the earthquake resistant construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
(1) As described above, when a vertical member such as a pillar of a building is crushed by the occurrence of an earthquake, the weight of the upper building can be supported by the steel rack 10, the frame structure 12, or the like. These members are selected so that a living space for the occupant and a breathable air gap can be secured at least for a time corresponding to the human survival limit, and their arrangement is determined. Therefore, human damage caused by an earthquake can be suppressed.
(2) Moreover, since the earthquake-resistant structure 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention can be constructed | assembled with the ready-made steel rack 10, general purpose shape steel, etc., development of a new member is unnecessary. Therefore, the present invention can be implemented promptly and the construction cost can be suppressed.
(3) Moreover, the seismic construction method according to the present invention is not a construction method that reinforces the entire building, but construction in units of dwelling units of residents who intend to perform seismic construction is possible. Therefore, it is not necessary to obtain the agreement of each resident in the apartment house, and the earthquake-proof construction can be carried out smoothly.
(4) Moreover, the steel rack 10 which comprises an earthquake-resistant structure can be freely selected from various things according to a resident's request. Therefore, the resident can form a desired storage space in a desired location, and convenience is improved.
(5) Moreover, each member which comprises the earthquake-resistant structure 1 functions also as a partition of a room. Residents can change from a floor plan before earthquake-proofing to a floor plan that matches the current family structure.
(6) Furthermore, since the connection of each member such as the steel rack 10 can be realized by bolt connection, no special technique is required in constructing the earthquake resistant structure 1. Therefore, it is possible for the resident himself to construct the earthquake-resistant structure 1, and the earthquake-proof construction can be carried out smoothly.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and applications are possible. Although embodiment mentioned above demonstrated the case where an earthquake-resistant structure was constructed | assembled in the whole exclusive part of one dwelling unit, it is also possible to construct the earthquake-resistant structure 1 only about a part of dwelling unit. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example in which the earthquake-resistant structure 1 is constructed in a part of the dedicated part of such a dwelling unit. In this embodiment, the seismic structure 1 is constructed after the partition walls 33e and 33f shown in FIG. 4 are removed. Such a construction method is particularly effective for residents who want to keep costs low.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.5 and FIG.6, in the embodiment mentioned above, after removing the partition walls 33a, 33b, ..., the earthquake-resistant structure 1 was constructed | assembled. However, the seismic structure 1 can be constructed by disposing the steel rack 10 or the like along the wall body 32 and the partition walls 33a, 33b,... Without removing the interior at all. Such an earthquake resistant construction method does not incur the cost of removing the interior of the partition wall 33 and the like, so that the construction cost can be further reduced.

  Moreover, although embodiment mentioned above demonstrated the case where the earthquake-resistant structure and earthquake-resistant construction method which concern on this invention were applied to an apartment house, of course, it can apply also to a detached house, an office building, etc.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seismic structure 10 Steel rack 11 Connecting material 12 Frame structure 13 Upper brace material 14 Lower brace material 15 Back brace material 16 Corner reinforcement material 17 Rubber plate 31 Column 32 Wall body

Claims (7)

A plurality of metal vertical supports having article shelves, which are metal products, arranged as interior equipment and partitions in a dedicated part of the building;
A frame structure that is a floor on which the metal vertical support material is disposed, is disposed in a dedicated portion of the building, and is constructed in a three-dimensional lattice shape to form a storage space;
Wherein the plurality of metallic vertical support, and connected to the frame structure, and a shape retaining member for holding the arrangement of the plurality of metallic vertical support and said frame structure when the earthquake,
An indoor space is formed in a space surrounded by the plurality of metal vertical support materials, the shape holding material, and the frame structure,
When the structural frame of the floor on which the plurality of metal vertical support members and the frame structure are installed is damaged due to an earthquake, the metal vertical support member and the frame structure are responsible for the weight of the upper building. The seismic structure is characterized by securing the indoor space. A plurality of metal vertical supports having an article shelf, which is a metal product, arranged as indoor equipment along a wall inside an exclusive part of the building,
A frame structure that is a floor on which the metal vertical support material is disposed, is disposed in a dedicated portion of the building, and is constructed in a three-dimensional lattice shape to form a storage space;
Wherein the plurality of metallic vertical support, and connected to the frame structure, and a shape retaining member for holding the arrangement of the plurality of metallic vertical support and said frame structure when the earthquake,
An indoor space is formed in a space surrounded by the plurality of metal vertical support materials, the shape holding material, and the frame structure,
When the structural frame of the floor on which the plurality of metal vertical support members and the frame structure are installed is damaged due to an earthquake, the metal vertical support member and the frame structure are responsible for the weight of the upper building. The seismic structure is characterized by securing the indoor space. The shape retaining material is
The earthquake-resistant structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a connecting member that connects the plurality of metal vertical support members arranged at intervals. The shape retaining material is
The brace material installed so as to diagonally cross the arrangement form of the plurality of metal vertical support members and the frame structure arranged so as to surround the indoor space of the building. The earthquake-resistant structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The shape retaining material is
The corner reinforcing material for reinforcing the corner portion of the seismic structure formed by the metal vertical support material arranged adjacent to the metal vertical supporting material is further provided. Seismic structure as described in 1. Removing the partition of the dedicated part of the building;
Arranging a plurality of metal vertical supports having an article shelf that is a metal product in a dedicated portion of the building and partitioning each room;
A step of forming a storage space by arranging a frame structure constructed in a three-dimensional lattice shape on a dedicated part of the building which is a floor on which the metal vertical support material is arranged ;
To hold the arrangement of the metallic vertical support and said frame structure comprising the steps of attaching a shape retaining member for connecting a plurality of the metallic vertical support and said frame structure, and
Forming an indoor space in a space surrounded by the plurality of metal vertical support materials, the shape holding material, and the frame structure;
When the structural frame of the floor on which the plurality of metal vertical support members and the frame structure are installed is damaged due to an earthquake, the metal vertical support member and the frame structure are responsible for the weight of the upper building. The seismic construction method is characterized in that the indoor space is secured. Arranging a plurality of metal vertical supports having an article shelf that is a metal product along the partition of the building;
A step of forming a storage space by arranging a frame structure constructed in a three-dimensional lattice shape on a dedicated part of the building which is a floor on which the metal vertical support material is arranged ;
To hold the arrangement of the metallic vertical support and said frame structure comprising the steps of attaching a shape retaining member for connecting a plurality of the metallic vertical support and said frame structure, and
Forming an indoor space in a space surrounded by the plurality of metal vertical support materials, the shape holding material, and the frame structure;
When the structural frame of the floor on which the plurality of metal vertical support members and the frame structure are installed is damaged due to an earthquake, the metal vertical support member and the frame structure are responsible for the weight of the upper building. The seismic construction method is characterized in that the indoor space is secured.

Images