JP4320358B1 - Seismic evacuation capsule - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide an earthquake-proof evacuation capsule that can be constructed at a low cost and can easily ensure the safety of residents even if there is a danger such as collapse of a house due to an earthquake.
A capsule main body 2 made of a spherical hollow body partially including an opening serving as an entrance / exit 21 and a support portion 6 for supporting the capsule main body 2 on the installation surface from below are provided. The structure 3 having heat resistance and ensuring the strength of the capsule body 2 was mainly formed of fiber reinforced plastic.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an earthquake-proof escape capsule.

In the case of an old Japanese wooden house, it is common that heavy roof tiles are spread on the roof of the main body of the frame structure. In the case of a house with this frame structure, some measures against earthquakes have been taken by adding a brace to the rolling of the earthquake, but it is easy to collapse if a large vertical shake occurs in a direct earthquake like the Great Hanshin Earthquake .
Moreover, in an old wooden house, the strength is lowered due to the decay of pillars or the attack of termites, and it is particularly easy to collapse.

In fact, the Great Hanshin Earthquake caused many collapses in old houses with a frame structure, especially in the second-floor houses, and many human lives were lost under such collapsed houses.
In the near future, it is said that the Tonankai earthquake is likely to occur, and many large earthquakes have occurred since the Great Hanshin Earthquake.

Therefore, in the case of a wooden house with a frame structure, in the case of new construction or renovation, in order to prevent the above-mentioned collapse, in order to increase the earthquake resistance, such as arranging many reinforcing brackets, to increase the earthquake resistance Various metal fittings have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
However, those who have resources can live in highly safe houses by new construction and reconstruction as described above, but there are many poor people who cannot make new construction or reconstruction among the residents of old houses, At present, there are not enough earthquake countermeasures.

JP 2006-9370 A

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an earthquake-proof evacuation capsule that can be constructed at low cost and can easily ensure the safety of residents even when a danger such as collapse of a house due to an earthquake occurs.

  In order to achieve the above object, an earthquake-proof evacuation capsule according to the present invention includes a capsule body made of a spherical hollow body partially including an opening serving as an entrance and a support for supporting the capsule body on the installation surface from below. And at least a portion.

In the present invention, the capsule body is not particularly limited, but includes a spherical structure for imparting strength. This structure is a lightweight metal such as aluminum, high strength, high rigidity, Excellent in heat resistance, wear resistance, thermal dimensional stability, etc. For example, lightweight metal composite materials such as composite materials of aluminum and ceramic particles / short fibers, materials such as fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), etc. It is preferably formed in combination, and is particularly preferably formed of at least a fiber-reinforced plastic because it is easy to manufacture and lightweight.
Moreover, the whole structure may be integrally formed, or may be formed by assembling divided bodies.

The earthquake-proof evacuation capsule of the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably has fire resistance and heat resistance.
The method for imparting fire resistance and heat resistance is not particularly limited. For example, the structure is coated with a fire and heat resistant material such as glass wool, gypsum board, fire resistant cement, rock wool, or the like, and the capsule body itself is fire resistant. The method of forming with a metallic material is mentioned.
Moreover, you may make it coat | cover with the rubber | gum coating | covering material which gave the flame-retardant process further from the upper direction of fireproof and heat resistant materials, such as the above glass wool, a gypsum board, fireproof cement, and rock wool. In addition to preventing damage to refractory materials by providing a rubber covering, the above structure can be used when an impact or load is applied from the outside, such as when a collapse occurs or furniture falls over during an earthquake. It is possible to prevent damage to the structure that has reduced the impact on the body.

The inner wall surface of the capsule body is not particularly limited. For example, in order to increase the safety of a refugee who escapes into the capsule body, it is preferably covered with a cushion material such as a fire-resistant rubber foam.
The capsule body may be directly fixed to the support part, but may be fixed to the support part via a pillar made of seismic isolation rubber such as laminated rubber, and the capsule body may have a seismic isolation structure.

  The size of the earthquake-proof evacuation capsule of the present invention is not particularly limited. However, when housed in a living room of a general house (for example, a living room or bedroom where a resident has a relatively long time in one day), a door or a sweep window is used. It is preferable that the maximum dimension is 1.5 m or less (more preferably 1 m or less) so that it can be loaded in a state assembled from the above.

The installation location of the earthquake-resistant evacuation capsule is preferably at least in the living room or bedroom where people are most likely to stay for the longest time. It doesn't matter. In addition, when installed in a room that is used by many people, such as in a lobby of a public building, the size is naturally large enough to accommodate 10 or more people.
Moreover, if an installation space can be secured in the living room as an assembly type, a bed or the like can be arranged inside and used as a substitute for a bedroom at night.

The earthquake-proof evacuation capsule according to the present invention includes at least a capsule body made of a spherical hollow body partially including an opening serving as an entrance and exit, and a support portion that supports the capsule body on the installation surface from below. Therefore, if an earthquake occurs, if you escape into the capsule body from the opening, you will not be crushed or injured if the house collapses or the furniture falls.
In addition, since the capsule body has a spherical shape, even if a load is applied from the outside, the load is dispersed throughout, and even if the wall surface is thin, the strength is excellent. Therefore, the thickness can be reduced by reducing the thickness. And since it only has to carry in to the living room etc. of the residence which has lived conventionally, the safety at the time of an earthquake can be aimed at at low cost, without remodeling the conventional residence.
Also,

Further, if the structure is made of fiber reinforced plastic, the weight can be further reduced.
Furthermore, by providing fire resistance, it is possible to protect a person who has evacuated from the flame for a while even if a fire occurs during an earthquake.
Moreover, if the maximum dimension is 1.5 m or less, it is easy to carry in the assembled state outside and easy to install.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof.
1 to 5 show one embodiment of an earthquake-proof escape capsule according to the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the earthquake-proof escape capsule 1 has a height of about 1 m, for example, and includes a capsule body 2 and a support portion 6.
The capsule body 2 includes two entrances 21 and 22. One entrance / exit 21 is always open, for example, the diameter is about 48 cm, and the other entrance / exit 22 is, for example, about 47 cm in diameter. Can be removed from.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the capsule body 2 includes a structure 3, an outer coating 4, and an inner coating 5.
And.
The structure 3 includes an outer shell 3a and an inner reinforcing frame 3b. The outer shell 3a is a molded body of fiber reinforced plastic having a thickness of about 5 mm, for example. Internal reinforcing frame 3 b, a plurality (e.g., four approximately split) metal is divided into or fiber-reinforced plastic frame member 31,
31 is inserted into the outer shell 3a from the entrance / exit 21 portion of the outer shell 3a and assembled along the inner wall surface of the outer shell 3a.
That is, the internal reinforcing frame 3 b is superposed on the flange portion 31a between the frame member 31,
The bolt 33 is inserted into a bolt insertion hole (not shown) provided in the flange portion 31a, and the upper and lower divided bodies 31 are connected and fixed by tightening the nut 34, thereby applying a load applied from the outside of the outer shell 3a. It comes to support.

The outer coating 4 includes an inner layer 41 and an outer layer 42. The inner layer 41 is formed of a fire-resistant and heat-resistant material such as glass wool, gypsum board, fire-resistant cement, or rock wool, and the outer layer 42 is formed of a rubber coating material that has been subjected to flame-retardant processing.
The inner coating 5 is formed of a cushion material such as a fireproof rubber foam.

As shown in FIG. 5, the support portion 6 includes a support portion main body 61 made of a heavy material such as iron, and a pillar material 62 made of a plurality of laminated rubbers that support the capsule main body 2 from below.
The column member 62 is fixed to the support body 61 and the capsule body 2 via an adhesive.

  In addition, an ornament (in this embodiment, a cat's head in order to make the whole look like a cat) 7 may be attached to the upper part of the capsule body 2 as necessary.

This earthquake-resistant evacuation capsule 1 is configured as described above. For example, the earthquake-resistant evacuation capsule 1 is installed in a living room R such as a living room on the first floor. If you run away as shown in, you will not be injured even if the house collapses and the roof part falls.
Moreover, since the capsule body 2 is supported by the pillar material 62 made of laminated rubber, the vibration is absorbed by the pillar material 62 even in a large earthquake, and the capsule body 2 only needs to vibrate slightly. Therefore, the refugee M who escapes to the inside is saved from the fear of the earthquake, and safety is also increased.
Moreover, since the doorway 22 with the lid 23 which can be removed from the inside is provided, even if the doorway 21 is blocked by a collapsed column or a fallen furniture, if the lid 23 of the doorway 22 on the back side is removed, an earthquake will occur. After being settled, the refugee M can easily escape from the capsule body 2.

  In addition, emergency food such as water and dry bread, flashlights, radios, shoes, helmets, ropes, simple warmers, tools such as drivers and spanners, etc. may be stored in the capsule body 2 in advance. preferable.

The earthquake-proof evacuation capsule according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the structure includes the outer shell and the internal reinforcing frame as separate bodies, but may be integrated with fiber reinforced plastic.
Moreover, the outer coating and the inner coating may be provided as necessary, and may not be provided.

It is a front view of one embodiment of the earthquake-proof escape capsule concerning the present invention. It is a rear view of the earthquake-proof escape capsule of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the use condition of the earthquake-proof escape capsule of FIG. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the earthquake-proof escape capsule of FIG. It is sectional drawing explaining the support structure of the capsule main body of the earthquake-proof escape capsule of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Earthquake proof escape capsule 2 Capsule main body 21,22 Entrance / exit 23 Lid 3 Structure 3a Outer shell 3b Inner reinforcement frame 31 Frame material 31a Flange part 4 Outer covering 41 Inner layer 42 Outer layer 5 Inner covering 6 Supporting part 61 Supporting part main body 62 Column member 7 Decoration M Evacuee R Room

Claims (2)

Comprising opening a doorway and capsule body consisting of a spherical hollow body having a portion (22) (2), support portions for supporting on an installation surface the capsule body (2) from below and (6), the An earthquake-proof evacuation capsule,
The capsule body (2) includes a structure (3), an outer coating (4) coated on the outer side of the structure (3), an inner coating (5) coated on the inner side of the structure (3), The structure (3) includes an outer shell (3a) and upper and lower divided bodies (31) and (31) provided inside the outer shell (3a). ) (31) is made of a frame material with flange portions (31a) and (31a), and the flange portions (31a) and (31a) are connected and fixed by fastening bolts (33) and nuts (34). The outer coating (4) is formed from an inner layer (41) formed of a fire-resistant and heat-resistant material and a rubber coating material subjected to flame-retardant processing. seismic evacuation capsules it is formed out the outer layer (42). The earthquake-proof evacuation capsule according to claim 1, wherein the maximum dimension is 1.5 m or less.

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