JP4646458B2 - Apparatus and method for punching fine holes - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fine hole punching apparatus and method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the conventional punching process, as shown in FIG. 4, the workpiece 22 placed on the die 21 is restrained by the pressing plate 23, and the punch 24 is lowered to perform hole machining on the workpiece 22. Yes. In order to improve the cut surface properties, a method is widely used in which a reverse presser is disposed below the workpiece and processed while applying back pressure.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the fine punching process that simultaneously processes multiple fine holes with a hole diameter of 1 mm or less using multiple punches, if the punch interval is narrow, the periphery of each processed part cannot be fixed, and a tool can be used to place a reverse presser. Since positioning and driving methods are difficult, it is difficult to realize the mechanism, and the cut surface properties cannot be improved.
[0004]
In addition, because the punch length and the drilling of the presser plate itself are limited, the presser plate cannot be thickened and the rigidity becomes insufficient, and the presser is pressed by the workpiece that is pulled up by the frictional force with the punch when pulling up the punch. The plate is deformed and an error occurs that prevents the punch from coming off the workpiece. Multi-tooling is also difficult.
[0005]
In view of the above-described conventional problems, the present invention provides a fine hole machining apparatus and method that can improve the quality of a machined hole and can easily extract a punch from a workpiece when performing multi-punching to punch a minute hole. The purpose is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 1 is a fine hole punching apparatus for punching a fine hole in a workpiece placed on a die by a plurality of punches. Each of the punches has a hole that can be inserted therethrough, and is installed in a vertically movable manner approaching and separating from the die. It is equipped with an electromagnet that pulls the presser plate toward the die when punching down, and the entire surface of the presser plate can be attracted to the die side by the magnetic force of the electromagnet. Can be reliably pressed against the die. Therefore, processing accuracy can be increased.
[0007]
The present invention according to claim 2 has a hole portion through which each of the plurality of punches can be inserted, in a fine hole punching apparatus for punching a fine hole with a plurality of punches in a workpiece placed on a die, A pressure plate that is installed so as to be movable in the vertical direction approaching and separating from the die and presses a workpiece on the die, and a pressure chamber that communicates with a hole formed in the die corresponding to each of the plurality of punches And pressure adjusting means for pressurizing the pressure chamber and punching the work piece through the hole of the die when the punch is punched down, and reversely pressing between the hole of the die and the pressure chamber; Similar functions can be provided. Therefore, the processed hole property can be improved.
[0008]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fine hole punching apparatus for punching a fine hole in a work piece placed on a die by a plurality of punches, wherein the fine hole is formed of a magnetic material, and each of the plurality of punches can be inserted. The punch has a hole, is movably installed in the vertical direction approaching and separating from the die, is made of a magnetic material that holds the work piece on the die, and is placed below the die, so that the punch is lowered. An electromagnet that pulls the holding plate toward the die when punching, a pressure chamber that communicates with a hole formed in the die corresponding to each of the plurality of punches, and a pressure chamber that is added when the punch is lowered. Pressure adjusting means that applies back pressure to the work piece through the hole of the pressing die, while pressing the work piece downward by pulling the entire pressing plate toward the die side It can reverse pressing the workpiece by the back pressure to load through hole of the die. Therefore, the processed hole property can be improved.
[0009]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the fine hole punching apparatus according to any one of the first or third aspects, the pressing plate is raised by a reaction force to the electromagnet after the punching is finished. When the punching is completed, by reversing the polarity of the electromagnet, the presser plate can be lifted away from the work piece. It is possible to prevent deformation of the pressing plate that is likely to occur.
[0010]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fine hole punching apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a groove portion facing the workpiece is formed around the hole portion of the die. Prior to punching when the punch descends, pressure adjusting means for reducing the pressure in the groove and adsorbing and fixing the workpiece on the die can be further improved.
[0011]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fine hole punching apparatus according to the fifth aspect, a plurality of groove portions are formed concentrically with respect to the hole portion of the die, and are adsorbed depending on the width of the groove portion. Even a work piece with low rigidity that can be deformed simply by being attached can be prevented from being deformed by being attracted by a plurality of grooves, that is, narrow groove portions.
[0012]
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when punching fine holes with a plurality of punches into a workpiece placed on a die, the workpiece on the die is provided with a hole through which each of the plurality of punches can be inserted. Pressing with the formed and magnetized pressing plate, and pulling this pressing plate with the electromagnet installed under the die, presses the workpiece onto the die, lowers the punch, punches the workpiece, and finishes punching Later, the punch is lifted and pulled out from the work piece while the presser plate is separated from the die by the reaction force against the electromagnet, and the minute area near the hole machining part is reliably pressed against the die to accurately drill the hole. Not only can the presser plate be reliably removed from the workpiece after processing is completed, but it is possible to prevent the presser plate from being deformed and thereby difficult to pull out the punch.
[0013]
In the present invention according to claim 8, when punching a fine hole with a plurality of punches in a workpiece placed on a die, the workpiece on the die is provided with a hole through which each of the plurality of punches can be inserted. Pressing with the formed pressing plate, pressurizing the inside of the hole of the die formed corresponding to each of the plurality of punches, while applying back pressure to the workpiece, punching the workpiece by lowering the punch The minute region in the vicinity of the hole processing part can be securely fixed, and the hole processing can be performed with high accuracy.
[0014]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the fine hole punching method according to any one of the seventh or eighth aspects, the work piece is formed around each hole portion of the die after being pressed by the pressing plate. The inside of the groove is decompressed and the workpiece is sucked and fixed onto the die, so that a minute region in the vicinity of the hole processing portion can be more reliably fixed, and the hole processing accuracy can be improved.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fine hole punching apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0016]
In FIG. 1, a punch assembly 3 in which a plurality of punches 2 are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction is attached to a stage 1 that can operate in the vertical direction, and a die 4 is disposed below the punch assembly 3. is set up.
[0017]
In the die 4, a hole portion 5 is formed coaxially and concentrically with each punch 2, and a pressure chamber 6 communicating with the lower end of each hole portion 5 is formed. The pressure chamber 6 can be adjusted in pressure by a pressure adjusting device 7, and an electromagnet 9 that is connected to a power source 8 and generates a magnetic field in the vertical direction is disposed therein.
[0018]
In the die 4, a pressing plate 11 for pressing the workpiece 10 installed on the die 4 is supported by a guide 12 erected on the die 4 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. This presser plate 11 is processed so that a hole 13 coaxial and concentric with each punch 2 has a predetermined clearance and an outer diameter (hole diameter) of each punch 2, and is different between the upper surface and the lower surface. The pole is magnetized. 12a is a stopper that restricts the upward movement of the pressing plate 11.
[0019]
A control device 14 controls the vertical movement of the stage 1, and is configured to flow current from the power source 8 at the timing described below and adjust the pressure by the pressure adjusting device 7.
[0020]
In the above-described apparatus configuration, the workpiece 10 is placed on the die 4 and positioned at the processing position (the region where the hole 5 is formed), and the pressing plate 11 is disposed thereon. Next, a current is supplied from the power source 8 to the electromagnet 9 to generate a predetermined magnetic field near the machining position of the die 4. Thereby, the magnetized pressing plate 11 is attracted toward the electromagnet 9 (downward) to press the workpiece 10, and the entire surface of the workpiece 10 is fixed to the upper surface of the die 4.
[0021]
Thereafter, the stage 1 is lowered, and the pressure inside the pressure chamber 6 is increased by the pressure adjusting device 7 in synchronism therewith, so that a back pressure is applied to the workpiece 10 through the hole 5 of the die 4. As a result, in a state where the workpiece 10 is pressed from above or from below, a plurality of punches 2 can be punched down into the workpiece 10 through the holes 13 and can be punched in a lump, and the quality is high. A machined hole can be formed.
[0022]
At the end of punching, the stage 1 is raised, and in synchronism with this, a current is passed from the power source 8 to the electromagnet 9 in the reverse direction, thereby generating a magnetic field in the reverse direction to that at the time of punching. As a result, the holding plate 11 is raised by the reaction force to the electromagnet 9 and easily separated from the workpiece 10. Therefore, even if the workpiece 10 rises with the punch 2, the pressing plate 11 is not affected and does not deform.
[0023]
As a specific example, five punches made of cemented carbide with a diameter of 100 μm are arranged at a punch interval (pitch) of 300 μm, holes are drilled with a diameter of 200 μm as a pressing plate, the upper surface is an N pole, and the lower surface is an S pole. When a magnetized plate with a thickness of 500μm is placed and a copper plate with a thickness of 100μm is used as the workpiece, a magnetic force is generated by the electromagnet and 3MPa of compressed air is sent from the pressure regulator. The hole can be drilled with stable fixing, and the hole can be drilled with good quality without flash. At the end of punching, the presser plate was easily separated from the workpiece, and the punch was easily pulled out of the workpiece, and the presser plate was not deformed.
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fine hole punching apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
[0024]
This punching apparatus has the same configuration as the apparatus of the first embodiment, but no electromagnet is provided, and a groove 15 having a certain depth is formed around each hole 5 of the die 4. The point that each groove portion 15 communicates with the pressure chamber 6 through the through hole 16 is different from the apparatus of the first embodiment.
[0025]
In this punching apparatus, after the pressing plate 11 is disposed on the workpiece 10, the pressure in the pressure chamber 6 is lowered by the pressure adjusting device 7, so that the hole 5 of the die 4 and the surrounding groove 15 are used. The workpiece 10 is adsorbed and fixed on the die 4.
[0026]
Next, the stage 1 is lowered, and the pressure in the pressure chamber 6 is increased by the pressure adjusting device 7 in synchronization therewith, and back pressure is applied to the workpiece 10 through the hole 5 and the groove 15 of the die 4, thereby processing the workpiece. The workpiece 10 is punched with a plurality of punches 2 in a state where the workpiece 10 is pressed from above by the pressing plate 11 and pressed from below by the back pressure.
[0027]
After completion of punching, the stage 1 is raised, and the pressure in the pressure chamber 6 is lowered by the pressure adjusting device 7 in synchronization therewith, and the workpiece 10 is adsorbed onto the die 4 through the hole 5 and the groove 15 of the die 4. This prevents the workpiece 10 from being lifted by the punch 2.
[0028]
Therefore, even with this punching apparatus, it is possible to realize processing with high processing hole quality, prevent deformation of the pressing plate 11, and extract the punch 2 from the workpiece 10 without difficulty.
[0029]
If the workpiece 10 is a thin plate and may be deformed depending on the width of the groove 15, the groove 15 having a sufficiently small groove width is connected to the hole 5 of the die 4 as shown in FIG. 3. A plurality of concentric shapes may be formed. By such a groove portion 15, the workpiece 10 can be sufficiently sucked and fixed without being deformed.
[0030]
If the pressure of the pressure chamber 6 cannot be switched instantaneously, such as when the processing area is large, an adsorption pressure device and a high pressure application pressure device may be provided separately. It is also possible to carry out punching in a state where the groove portion 15 is adsorbed and fixed without applying back pressure.
[0031]
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fine hole punching apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
This punching apparatus has both the configuration shown in FIG. 1 and the configuration shown in FIG. 2, and includes both an electromagnet 9 and a groove 15.
[0032]
In this punching apparatus, prior to punching, the pressing plate 11 is attracted by the electromagnet 9 to press the workpiece 10 onto the die 4, and the workpiece 10 is attracted onto the die 4 through the hole 5 and the groove 15. . At the time of punching, the workpiece 10 is pressed from above and from below by changing the pressure applied to the hole 5 and the groove 15 and applying back pressure to the workpiece 10. After the punching is completed, the magnetic field applied by the electromagnet 9 is changed to separate the pressing plate 11 from the workpiece 10.
[0033]
By doing so, the workpiece 10 can be fixed more quickly and reliably than the punching apparatus shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, and the punch 2 can be easily pulled out.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, an electromagnet or a groove is provided on the die so that the vicinity of the processing portion of the workpiece is fixed on the die. Improves quality and eliminates errors that prevent punches from coming off the workpiece.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a fine hole punching apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a fine hole punching apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the shape of a suction groove portion in the fine hole punching apparatus of FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the fine hole punching apparatus in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Sectional view showing the device 【Explanation of symbols】
2 Punch 4 Die 5 Hole 6 Pressure chamber 7 Pressure adjusting device 9 Electromagnet
10 Workpiece
11 Holding plate
12 Guide
13 hole
15 Groove

Claims (9)

In a fine hole punching device that punches fine holes with a plurality of punches on the workpiece placed on the die,
A press plate that is formed of a magnetic material, has a hole through which each of the plurality of punches can be inserted, is movably installed in a vertical direction approaching and separating from the die, and presses a workpiece on the die;
A fine hole punching apparatus provided with an electromagnet that is installed below the die and pulls the pressing plate toward the die when the punch is lowered. In a fine hole punching device that punches fine holes with a plurality of punches on the workpiece placed on the die,
Each of the plurality of punches has a hole that can be inserted, and is installed so as to be movable in the vertical direction approaching and separating from the die, and a pressing plate that presses a workpiece on the die,
A pressure chamber communicating with a hole formed in the die corresponding to each of the plurality of punches;
A fine hole punching apparatus comprising pressure adjusting means for applying pressure in the pressure chamber and applying back pressure to a workpiece through a hole in a die when the punch is lowered. In a fine hole punching device that punches fine holes with a plurality of punches on the workpiece placed on the die,
A presser made of a magnetic material, formed of a magnetic material, having a hole through which each of the plurality of punches can be inserted, and is movably installed in a vertical direction approaching and separating from the die, and presses a workpiece on the die. The board,
An electromagnet installed below the die and pulling the pressing plate to the die side when the punch is lowered;
A pressure chamber communicating with a hole formed in the die corresponding to each of the plurality of punches;
A fine hole punching apparatus comprising pressure adjusting means for applying pressure in the pressure chamber and applying back pressure to a workpiece through a hole in a die when the punch is lowered. 4. The fine hole punching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressing plate is magnetized so as to be raised by a reaction force to the electromagnet after the punching is finished. A groove portion facing the workpiece is formed around a hole portion of the die, and pressure adjusting means is provided to depressurize the groove portion and suck and fix the workpiece on the die prior to the lowering of the punch. The fine hole punching apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. The fine hole punching apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of groove portions are formed concentrically with respect to the hole portion of the die. When punching fine holes with a plurality of punches on the workpiece placed on the die,
Press the workpiece on the die with a press plate that is magnetized by forming a hole through which each of the plurality of punches can be inserted,
While pressing the work piece on the die by attracting this holding plate with an electromagnet installed below the die, the punch is lowered to punch the work piece,
A punching method for fine holes in which a punch is lifted and pulled out from a workpiece while a presser plate is separated from a die by a reaction force to an electromagnet after punching is completed. When punching fine holes with a plurality of punches on the workpiece placed on the die,
Press the workpiece on the die with a pressing plate in which a hole through which each of the plurality of punches can be inserted,
A fine hole punching method for punching a workpiece by lowering the punch while applying back pressure to the workpiece by pressurizing the inside of a die hole formed corresponding to each of the plurality of punches. 9. The work piece according to claim 7, wherein the work piece is pressed by a holding plate, and then the inside of the groove formed around each hole portion of the die is depressurized to suck and fix the work piece on the die. Of punching fine holes.

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