JP4598944B2 - Waste dewatering equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste dewatering device for depressurizing and dewatering waste such as municipal waste containing a large amount of water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As for municipal waste and other waste discharged from households and business establishments, it is expected that separation and collection will become more widespread in the future with the full implementation of the Containers and Packaging Recycling Law from April 2000. As a result, it is expected that the waste that is sent to the incineration process will change its composition and become low in calories. However, waste such as municipal waste is inhomogeneous that contains a lot of high-waste waste such as raw garbage, so that stable incineration can be achieved only with the combustion heat of waste as much as possible during incineration. As described above, it is necessary to increase the calorie or homogenize the waste by pretreatment such as drying or dehydration.
[0003]
As one of means for removing moisture from waste, a method of pressing and dewatering the waste is known. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-61500 discloses that sludge such as sewage, human waste or industrial waste is put into a cylinder provided with a dewatering screw, and the dewatering screw is rotated to move the input material. A screw-type dehydrator is disclosed.
[0004]
However, unlike sludge, municipal waste is often mixed with flammable, non-flammable, and flame-retardant solid waste such as wood chips, empty cans, and plastics, and waste that contains such solid waste. When the squeezing and dewatering by the screw-type dehydrator described above, screws and pieces are the bitten screw solid waste between the cylindrical container is a problem that becomes unrotatable. In addition, when the waste water content is low, if the dehydration is excessive, the waste is compressed and solidified, the fluidity is lowered, and the cylinder is closed without being pushed out by the screw. When such a trouble occurs, it is necessary to open the device once to remove the obstruction inside or to perform cleaning, and the processing capacity of the device is greatly reduced. there were.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and provides a waste dewatering device for stably dewatering waste such as municipal waste mixed with solid waste without causing troubles such as blockage. It was made to do.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The waste dewatering device of the present invention made to solve the above problems is a waste dewatering device for squeezing and dewatering a waste containing a large amount of water charged in a casing, A rotating body having the same center as that of the casing is disposed in the casing formed as a vertical cylinder, and the rotating body has a plurality of waste pressing chambers whose side surfaces are formed in a U-shape, and a distal end opening portion. The outer casing is arranged radially from its axis at a predetermined interval, and the casing has a waste input port, a pressing piston for pressing the waste from the lateral direction, and an extrusion for discharging the pressed waste. In addition to providing the pistons at the required positions, a drainage hole for the squeezed water is provided at the bottom of the casing below the squeezing piston, and an outlet for the squeezed waste is provided below the piston for extrusion. and characterized in that it was Is shall.
[0007]
[0008]
[0009]
The waste dewatering device of the present invention is for dewatering by depressurizing and reducing the volume of waste thrown into the casing with a piston. Solid waste such as wood pieces, metal pieces, plastic pieces, etc. is contained in the waste. Even when an object is mixed, the object can be stably squeezed and dehydrated without blocking the object in the apparatus. Also, even if the waste is fully squeezed, there is no possibility that the waste will be solidified and clogged in the device, so the pressure applied to the piston should be increased to achieve more efficient dehydration than before. Can do.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described together with reference embodiments with reference to the drawings.
Figure 1 is a diagram showing the dewatering device of the first reference embodiment and is waste of the present invention, 1 is horizontal, i.e. the casing is a hollow body having a substantially horizontal, 2 is a side of the one part 3 of the casing 1 4 is a hydraulic cylinder type piston for pressing and dewatering waste 5 such as municipal waste. The ceiling 6 of one part 3 of the casing 1 is provided with a waste inlet 7, and the bottom part of the other part 8 of the casing 1 is provided with a compressed waste outlet 9. A pressure plate 10 that slides in the direction (slids up and down in the figure) is provided. A drain hole 14 is provided in the casing 1 in front of the pressure plate 10, and a portion of the casing 1 provided with the drain hole 14 is connected to a rotating casing 13 that can be rotated by a motor 12 via a gear 11. It has become. The casing 1 and the rotating casing 13 preferably have the same cross-sectional shape and the same dimensions. As the shape, a hollow body such as a circle, a hexagon, a trapezoid, or a circular or semicircular shape can be used.
[0011]
When the waste containing a large amount of water is squeezed and dehydrated by the above-described dehydrator, first, the waste 5 is introduced into the casing 1 from the inlet 7. When a large amount of coarse material is mixed in the waste 5, it is desirable to preliminarily crush the waste 5 with a crusher. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the waste 5 is pressed by the piston 2, and the waste 5 is received by the pressure plate 10 to reduce the volume of the waste 5. Since the rotating casing 13 provided with 14 is disposed, the water squeezed out even during squeezing can be dropped down through the drain hole 14. In order to more completely remove moisture from the pressed waste material 5 as necessary, once the pressure applied by the piston 2 is released, the rotating casing 13 is rotated by the motor 12 so as to remain in the waste material 5. It is possible to more completely centrifuge the water content. After performing the above processing, as shown in FIG. 3, the pressure plate 10 is slid, and then the waste 5 is pressed again by the piston 2, so that the waste 5 becomes the end portion 8 of the casing 1. And is discharged to the outside through the discharge port 9. In addition, if a wedge wire screen, a filter, etc. are installed in the drain hole 14, only the water | moisture content can be allowed to pass through from a hole, without the drain hole 14 being clogged.
[0012]
Figure 4 is a diagram showing the dewatering device of the second reference embodiment is a waste of the present invention, the casing 1 is a vertical cross-section a circular, hollow body such as a rectangle. A piston 2 that presses the waste 5 and a waste inlet 7 are provided in the upper part of the casing 1. In the lower part, a discharge port 9 for the waste 5 and a pressure plate 10 for receiving the waste 5 pressed by the piston 2 are slidably provided. A casing 1 immediately above the pressure plate 10 has moisture in the casing 1. A drain hole 14 is provided. Even with the apparatus as described above, it is possible to squeeze out the waste 5 and squeeze out water as in the dehydrating apparatus according to the first embodiment. In this example, it goes without saying that the water can be centrifuged as the casing 1 provided with the drain holes 14 is rotatable.
[0013]
[0014]
[0015]
[0016]
[0017]
5 and 6 are views showing a waste dewatering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention , wherein 41 is a vertical and cylindrical casing, and 42 is a rotating body disposed in the casing 41. The rotating body 42 is provided with the rotating shaft 43 at the same position as the center of the casing 41. The rotating body 42 is provided with three waste pressing chambers 45 whose side surfaces are formed in a U-shape and are arranged radially from the axial center with a front end opening 55 at the outer side. . That is, the tip opening 55 is arranged in a trifurcated shape from the center toward the side surface 49 of the casing 41.
[0018]
The ceiling 46 of the casing 41 is provided with a waste inlet 47 at a required position, and the side 49 of the casing 41 is squeezed with a squeezing piston 48 for squeezing the waste laterally from the tip opening 55. An extrusion piston 50 is provided for discharging spent waste. And the drainage hole 52 of the water | moisture content squeezed in the bottom face 51 of the casing 41 below the piston 48 for right-and-left movement discharges the waste waste squeezed to the bottom face 51 below the piston 50 for extrusion. A discharge port 53 is provided, and a drain tank 54 is provided below the drain hole 52. In addition, the shape of the waste pressing chamber 45 is usually a square shape such as a square or a rectangular cross section. In addition, a wedge wire screen, a filter, or the like can be installed in the drain hole 52. In addition to the three-prongs shown in the figure, the rotating body 42 can be made into a multi-stage process as appropriate by making it a cross-shaped one to add a temporary pressing process.
[0019]
In order to squeeze and dehydrate the waste using such a dewatering device, a predetermined amount of the waste 5 is introduced into the waste squeezing chamber 45 from the input port 47. Next, after rotating the rotating body 120 degrees, the waste 5 is squeezed as much as possible with the squeezing piston 50. The squeezed water is discharged from the drain hole 52 to the drain tank 54 below. After completion of the extraction of moisture, the rotating body 42 is further rotated by 120 ° to move the waste 5 to the position where the discharge port 53 is provided, and then pressed by the piston 48 for extrusion, so that the waste 5 To be discharged. Thereafter, the waste pressing chamber 45 can receive the next waste 5 by further rotating the 120 ° rotating body 42.
[0020]
The waste dewatering device described above has, for example, a residence time at three positions where waste is charged, squeezed, and discharged, with the side of the waste pressing chamber 25 having a diameter of the casing 41 of about φ1500 and a square cross section of about 600 mm. If it is 3 minutes each, the rotating body 42 can be rotated once in about 10 minutes, and about 1400 kg of waste per hour can be squeezed and dehydrated. The pressed and dehydrated waste is transported to an incinerator and can be easily incinerated.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the waste dehydrating apparatus according to the present invention can dehydrate the waste thrown into the casing by squeezing and reducing the volume with a piston. Even when solid waste such as plastic pieces is mixed, the waste can be stably squeezed and dehydrated without clogging the waste in the apparatus. Also, even when the waste is squeezed firmly, there is no possibility that the waste will solidify too much and clog the inside of the device, so it is possible to increase the pressure of the piston and compress the waste smaller than before. Thus, water can be separated and removed more completely and efficiently. The waste dewatering apparatus of the present invention can also treat sludge such as sewage, human waste, or industrial waste that is not mixed with solid waste such as wood pieces, metal pieces, and plastic pieces. The waste can be squeezed and dehydrated. Therefore, the present invention is extremely useful as a thing that can easily dispose of wastes such as municipal waste that increases year by year.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a waste dehydrating apparatus according to a first embodiment .
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which waste is squeezed by a piston in the apparatus of FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which waste is discharged by a piston in the apparatus of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a front sectional view showing a waste dehydrating apparatus according to a second embodiment .
FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view showing a waste dewatering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention .
6 is a vertical sectional view of the waste dewatering device of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing, 2 Piston, 3 One part, 4 Side, 5 Waste, 6 Ceiling, 7 Input port, 8 Other part, 9 Discharge port, 10 Pressure-resistant plate, 11 Gear, 12 Motor, 13 Rotating casing, 14 Drainage hole, 41 Casing, 42 Rotating body, 43 Rotating shaft, 45 Waste compression chamber, 46 Ceiling, 47 Input port, 48 Squeezing piston, 49 Side surface, 50 Extrusion piston, 51 Bottom surface, 52 Drain hole, 53 Discharge port, 54 Drain Tank, 55 Tip opening

Claims (1)

A waste dewatering device for squeezing and dewatering waste containing a large amount of water charged in a casing, wherein a rotating body having the same center as the casing is disposed in the casing having a vertical cylinder. And a plurality of waste pressing chambers whose side surfaces are formed in a U-shape on the rotating body, and radially disposed from the axial center at a predetermined interval with the front end opening being outside. A waste inlet, a piston for pressing the waste from the lateral direction, and an extrusion piston for discharging the compressed waste are provided at the required positions, respectively. A waste dewatering apparatus, wherein a drainage hole for the squeezed water is provided below, and a discharge port for the squeezed waste is provided below the piston for extrusion.

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