JP4563177B2 - 原子移動ラジカル付加重合(atra)により製造される高分子アルコキシアミン - Google Patents
原子移動ラジカル付加重合(atra)により製造される高分子アルコキシアミン Download PDFInfo
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- JP4563177B2 JP4563177B2 JP2004537094A JP2004537094A JP4563177B2 JP 4563177 B2 JP4563177 B2 JP 4563177B2 JP 2004537094 A JP2004537094 A JP 2004537094A JP 2004537094 A JP2004537094 A JP 2004537094A JP 4563177 B2 JP4563177 B2 JP 4563177B2
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- butyl
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- transition metal
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- HORBOHJHQGXXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecyloctadecan-1-imine oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]([O-])=CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HORBOHJHQGXXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJGVICBAANVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octyloctan-1-imine oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+]([O-])=CCCCCCCC QXJGVICBAANVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSFOTMWFXQGWKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenyl-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 OSFOTMWFXQGWKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVVFFUKULYKOJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenyl-4-propan-2-yloxyaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 CVVFFUKULYKOJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYLGUNUDTDWXQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenyl-n-prop-2-enylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CC=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NYLGUNUDTDWXQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHJCZOMOUCUAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1N(C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 MHJCZOMOUCUAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005487 naphthalate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002832 nitroso derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XQAABEDPVQWFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 3-[3-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O XQAABEDPVQWFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMFXLIFZVRXRRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 3-[3-tert-butyl-5-(5-chlorobenzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC)=CC(N2N=C3C=C(Cl)C=CC3=N2)=C1O DMFXLIFZVRXRRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- KHMYONNPZWOTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-1-enylbenzene Chemical class CCCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHMYONNPZWOTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000969 phenyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012994 photoredox catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004482 piperidin-4-yl group Chemical group N1CCC(CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001627 poly(4-methyl styrene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003055 poly(ester-imide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003251 poly(α-methylstyrene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068886 polyethylene glycol 300 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001470 polyketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MQOCIYICOGDBSG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O MQOCIYICOGDBSG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001844 prenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002568 propynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJRHDFLHUATAOS-DPMBMXLASA-M sodium ricinoleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O IJRHDFLHUATAOS-DPMBMXLASA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940074404 sodium succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium succinate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JMHCCAYJTTWMCX-QWPJCUCISA-M sodium;(2s)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoate;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].IC1=CC(C[C@H](N)C([O-])=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 JMHCCAYJTTWMCX-QWPJCUCISA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000638 styrene acrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006250 telechelic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MHSKRLJMQQNJNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(N)=O)C=C1 MHSKRLJMQQNJNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZNAAUDJKMURFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CC(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)C(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)CC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 NZNAAUDJKMURFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AOBORMOPSGHCAX-DGHZZKTQSA-N tocofersolan Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C AOBORMOPSGHCAX-DGHZZKTQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- INNSFNJTGFCSRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl 2-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylsulfanyl]acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CSCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 INNSFNJTGFCSRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCC IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctadecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXVOAMVQOCBPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphos Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AXVOAMVQOCBPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001862 ultra low molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCO KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001866 very low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011590 β-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007680 β-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002478 γ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002446 δ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/024—Polyamines containing oxygen in the form of ether bonds in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/005—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light, ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/32—Compounds containing nitrogen bound to oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3412—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
- C08K5/3432—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3435—Piperidines
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Description
a)式(A)(X−Ln−NO・(A))のモノニトロキシドを反応する工程;又は
b)式(B)(・ON−Ln−NO・(B))のビスニトロキシドを式(C)(X−Lh−X(C))の二官能化合物と反応する工程;又は
c)式(D)(Ln−[NO・]n(D))のポリニトロキシドを式(E)(Lh−[X]n(E))の多官能性化合物と反応させる工程
(上記式中、Xは、ハロゲン又は−SCNであり;
Lnは、前記ニトロキシド基をX基又はその他のニトロキシド基と結合するn価のスペーサー基であり;
Lhは、X基を結合するn価のスペーサー基であり、
nは、3〜6の数である)
を含む、高分子アルコキシアミンの製造方法である。
G1及びG2の一方は、−P(O)(OR22)2基が結合する第2級炭素原子であり、他方は先に定義した通りであり;あるいは
G1及びG2は、それらが結合している窒素原子と一緒に、5〜8員のヘテロ環を形成するか、多環式若しくはスピロ環式の5〜20員のヘテロ環系を形成し(該ヘテロ環又はヘテロ環系は、窒素原子についてのオルト位において4個のC1〜C4アルキル基又は2個のC5〜C12スピロシクロアルキル基により置換されており、1つ以上のC1〜C18アルキル、C1〜C18アルコキシ又は=O基でさらに置換されていてもよく、さらなる酸素原子又は窒素原子により中断されてもよい);
L1及びL2は、例えば、R101−Y又はR102−C(O)−Y−である結合基(linking groups)であり、ここで、Yは、G1及び/又はG2に結合し;C1〜C25アルキレン、−O−、−S−、−SO−、−SO2−、
ここで、R101は、C1〜C18アルキレンであり、R102は、直接結合又はC1〜C18アルキレンであり、R103及びR104は、独立して、水素又はC1〜C18アルキルであり、R109は、水素、C1〜C18アルキル、C3〜C18アルケニル、C3〜C18アルキニル、フェニル、C7〜C9フェニルアルキルである(これらはすべて、無置換でもよいし、1つ以上の、ヒドロキシ、ハロゲン又はC1〜C4アルコキシ基により置換されていてもよい)。
3〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキニルは、分枝又は非分枝のラジカル、例えば、プロピニル、2−ブチニル、3−ブチニル、イソブチニル、n−2,4−ペンタジイニル、3−メチル−2−ブチニル、n−2−オクチニル、n−2−ドデシニル、イソドデシニルである。
R12は、H、C1〜C12アルキル、C5〜C12シクロアルキル若しくはアリール又は−(CH2)q−NR10R11基であり;
m、p及びqは、1〜4の数であり;
nは、0〜4の数である)
で表されるか;あるいは配位子は、二環式又は多環式のヘテロ脂肪族環である。
a)式(A)のモノニトロキシドが、式(Ia)、式(Ib)又は式(Ic)
式(C)の化合物が、式(III)
c)式Dのポリニトロキシドが、式(IVa)、式(IVb)又は式(IVc)
式(E)の化合物が、式(V)
上記式中、R1、R2、R3及びR4は、メチル又はエチルであり;あるいは
R1及びR2並びに/又はR3及びR4は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒に、C5〜C8シクロアルキル環を形成し:
R5は、H又はメチルであり;
R6及びR7は、H、C1〜C8アルキル又はアリールであり;
R8は、H又はメチルであり;
Xは、ハロゲン又は−SCNであり;
Aは、O又はNR9であり、ここで、R9は、H、又はC1〜C18アルキル、C5〜C12シクロアルキル若しくはアリールであり;
A1は、−NR9−(CH2)a−NR9−基(ここで、aは、2〜12の数である)又は基
Eは、直接結合、O又はNR9であり;
Gは、C1〜C12アルキレン、C5〜C12シクロアルキレン又はアリーレンであり、ここで、該アルキレン及びシクロアルキレンは、1つ以上のO原子、S原子又はN原子により中断されてもよく;
nは、3又は4であり;
Qは、三価又は四価のカルボン酸のアシル残基であり;
Pは、三価又は四価のアルコールの残基である、
方法である。
R5は、Hであり;
R6及びR7は、独立して、H又はメチルであり;
R8は、H又はメチルであり;
Xは、Cl又はBrであり;
Aは、O又はNR9であり、R9は、H又はC1〜C18アルキルである、
方法である。
R1、R2、R3及びR4は、メチル又はエチルであり;あるいは
R1及びR2並びに/又はR3及びR4は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒に、C5〜C8シクロアルキル環を形成し:
R5は、H又はメチルであり;
R6及びR7は、H、C1〜C8アルキル又はアリールであり;
R8は、H又はメチルであり;
Aは、O又はNR9であり、ここで、R9は、H、又はC1〜C18アルキル、C5〜C12シクロアルキル若しくはアリールであり;
A1は、−NR9−(CH2)a−NR9−基(ここで、aは、2〜12の数である)又は基
Eは、直接結合、O又はNR9であり;
Gは、C1〜C12アルキレン、C5〜C12シクロアルキレン又はアリーレンであり、ここで、該アルキレン及びシクロアルキレンは、1つ以上のO原子、S原子又はN原子により中断されてもよい)
の繰り返し構造要素を有するポリマーである。
R1及びR2並びに/又はR3及びR4は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒に、C5〜C8シクロアルキル環を形成し:
R5は、H又はメチルであり;
R6及びR7は、H、C1〜C8アルキル又はアリールであり;
R8は、H又はメチルであり;
Xは、ハロゲン又は−SCNであり;そして
Aは、O又はNR9であり、ここで、R9は、H、又はC1〜C18アルキル、C5〜C12シクロアルキル若しくはアリールである)
の化合物である。
(a)熱、光又は酸素による分解を受けた有機材料及び
(b)先に記載した方法により得られる化合物
を含有する、安定化された組成物である。
a)ラジカル重合(通常は高圧高温下)
b)金属周期表のIVb、Vb、VIb又はVIII族の、1つ以上の金属を通常含有する触媒を用いる触媒重合により製造することができる。
これら、b)における金属は、π配位又はσ配位のいずれかであり得る、1つ以上の配位子、典型的には、酸化物、ハロゲン化物、アルコラート、エステル、エーテル、アミン、アルキル、アルケニル及び/又はアリールを通常有する。これらの金属錯体は、遊離形態であってもよいし、基質上に、典型的には活性化塩化マグネシウム、塩化チタン(III)、アルミナ、又は酸化ケイ素上に固定されいてもよい。これらの触媒は、重合媒体に可溶性であってもよいし、不溶性であってもよい。触媒は、それ自体で重合に用いることができ、あるいはさらに活性剤(典型的には、金属アルキル、金属水素化物、金属アルキルハロゲン化物、金属アルキル酸化物又は金属アルキルオキサン(該金属は、周期表の第Ia族、第IIa族及び/又は第IIIa族の要素である))を用いることができる。活性剤は、さらにエステル基、エーテル基、アミン基又はシリルエーテル基で便宜的に修飾することができる。これらの触媒系は、フィリップス、スタンダード・オイル・インディアナ(Standard Oil Indiana)、チーグラー(−ナッタ)、TNZ(DuPont)、メタロセン又はシングルサイト触媒(SSC)と通常呼ばれる。
1.1.アルキル化モノフェノール、例えば、2,6−ジ−tert−ブチル−4−メチルフェノール、2−tert−ブチル−4,6−ジメチルフェノール、2,6−ジ−tert−ブチル−4−エチルフェノール、2,6−ジ−tert−ブチル−4−n−ブチルフェノール、2,6−ジ−tert−ブチル−4−イソブチルフェノール、2,6−ジシクロペンチル−4−メチルフェノール、2−(α−メチルシクロヘキシル)−4,6−ジメチル−フェノール、2,6−ジオクタデシル−4−メチルフェノール、2,4,6−トリシクロヘキシルフェノール、2,6−ジ−tert−ブチル−4−メトキシメチルフェノール、側鎖が直鎖又は分枝であるノニルフェノール(例えば、2,6−ジ−ノニル−4−メチルフェノール)、2,4−ジメチル−6−(1’−メチルウンデカ−1’−イル)フェノール、2,4−ジメチル−6−(1’−メチルヘプタデカ−1’−イル)フェノール、2,4−ジメチル−6−(1’−メチルトリデカ−1’−イル)フェノール、及びそれらの混合物。
2.1.2−(2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、例えば、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’,5’−ジ−tert−ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(5’−tert−ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブチル)フェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3,5’−ジ−tert−ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−tert−ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−sec−ブチル−5’−tert−ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−4’−オクチルオキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’,5’−ジ−tert−アミル−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’,5’−ビス(α,α−ジメチルベンジル)−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−tert−ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(2−オクチルオキシカルボニルエチル)フェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−tert−ブチル−5’−[2−(2−エチルヘキシルオキシ)カルボニルエチル]−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−tert−ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(2−メトキシカルボニルエチル)フェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−tert−ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(2−メトキシカルボニルエチル)フェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−tert−ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(2−オクチルオキシカルボニルエチル)フェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−tert−ブチル−5’−[2−(2−エチルヘキシルオキシ)カルボニルエチル]−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−ドデシル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−tert−ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(2−イソオクチルオキシカルボニルエチル)フェニルベンゾトリアゾール、2,2’−メチレンビス[4−(1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブチル)−6−ベンゾトリアゾール−2−イルフェノール];2−[3’−tert−ブチル−5’−(2−メトキシカルボニルエチル)−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル]−2H−ベンゾトリアゾールとポリエチレングリコール300とのエステル交換反応生成物;
該プロセスは、好ましくは、加工中に添加剤を導入することにより、押出機中で行われる。
特に好ましい加工機は、一軸スクリュー押出機、反転及び共回転二軸スクリュー押出機、遊星歯車押出機(planetary-gear extruders)、リング押出機又は共ニーダーである。真空を適用できる少なくとも1つのガス除去区画を備えている加工機を用いることもできる。
適切な押し出し機及びニーダーは、例えば、Handbuch der Kunststoffex- trusion, Vol.1 Grundlagen, Editors F. Hensen,W. Knappe, H. Potente, 1989, pp. 3-7,ISBN : 3-446-14339-4 (Vol. 2 Extrusionsanlagen 1986, ISBN 3-446-14329-7)に記載されている。
例えば、スクリューの長さは、1〜60スクリュー直径、好ましくは35〜48スクリュー直径である。スクリューの回転スピードは、好ましくは、1分間あたり10〜600回転(rpm)、特に非常に好ましくは、25〜300rpmである。
最大処理量は、スクリュー直径、回転スピード及び駆動力に拠る。添加剤の混入は、言及したパラメーターを変えることにより又は投与量を排出する計量機を用いることにより、最大処理量より低いレベルで行うこともできる。
複数の成分を加える場合、これらを予め混合することができ、あるいは個々に加えることができる。
a)2−ブロモ−2−メチル−プロピオン酸2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−ピペリジン−4−イルエステル−N−オキシルの製造
トルエン17.85ml(0.128mol)150ml中の4−ヒドロキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−N−オキシル(4−ヒドロキシTEMPO)17.2g(0.1mol)の溶液にトリエチルアミンを加える。2−ブロモ−イソ酪酸ブロミド29.4g(0.128mol)を30〜35℃の間の温度で滴下する。混合物を室温で24時間攪拌する。水200mlを加え、有機相を分離する。有機相を各々水50mlで2回洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。メタノールから再結晶化した後、融点77〜79℃を有する表題化合物20.65g(64%)が赤色の結晶として得られる。
C13H23BrNO3計算値:C48.61%、H7.22%、N4.36%;実測値:C48.63%、H7.11%、N4.33%。
ジメチルホルムアミド(DMFA)25ml中の2−ブロモ−2−メチル−プロピオン酸2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−ピペリジン−4−イルエステル−N−オキシル6.22g(0.02mol)の溶液にCuCl3.96g(0.04mol)を加える。攪拌懸濁液に、ペンタメチル−ジエチレン−トリアミン8.4ml(0.04mol)を投与ポンプの助けを借りて、アルゴン雰囲気下にて、20〜25℃で252分間かけて連続して加える。混合物を室温で17時間さらに攪拌する。その後、水300ml及びジクロロメタン700mlを加える。有機相を分離し、水75ml及びHCl(32%)10mlで振盪し、各々水100mlで3回洗浄し、1M−NaHCO3100mlで1回洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。予想される構造を有する淡黄色のアモルファスポリマー4.65gが得られる
Xは、主にBrであり;Yは、主に
a)クロロ−フェニル−酢酸2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−ピペリジン−4−イルエステル−N−オキシルの製造
トルエン40ml中の4−ヒドロキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン7.9g(0.05mol)の懸濁液に、トリエチルアミン7.3ml(0.0515mol)を加え、続いてα−クロロ−フェニル酢酸10.7g(0.0515mol)を10℃の温度で滴下する。混合物を室温で3時間攪拌し、次いで水200mlを加え、有機相を分離する。有機相を各々水50mlで2回洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。残渣をトルエン20mlに溶解し、水8mlを加え、攪拌乳濁液に、過酢酸(酢酸中40%)5.2g(0.08mol)を20〜30℃で滴下する。水中の40%NaOH溶液を同時に加えることにより、過酢酸の添加の間、混合物のpHを6〜6.2の間で一定に保つ。1時間攪拌した後、有機相を分離し、各々1M−NaHCO350mlで2回洗浄し、水50mlで洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。ヘキサン−酢酸エチル(6:1)を溶出剤として用いたシリカゲル上でのクロマトグラフィーにより、残渣を精製する。表題化合物10.35g(63.7%)が赤色の油状物として得られる。
C17H23ClNO3計算値:C62.86%、H7.14%、N4.31%、Cl10.91;実測値:C62.97%、H7.17%、N4.19%、Cl10.9%。
ジメチルホルムアミド(DMFA)25ml中のクロロ−フェニル−酢酸2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−ピペリジン−4−イルエステル−N−オキシル6.497g(0.02mol),CuCl3.96g(0.04mol)及びペンタメチル−ジエチレン−トリアミン8.4ml(0.04mol)を実施例1に従って重合する。予想される構造を有する、黄ばんだガラス状ポリマー5.64gが得られる。
Xは、主にClであり;Yは、主に
しかしながら、例えば、ニトロキシド官能基の還元又はハロゲン化水素の除去によって生ずる他の末端基もわずかな程度存在する。
a)2−ブロモ−プロピオン酸2−(2−ブロモ−プロピオニルオキシ)−エチルエステルの製造
トルエン500mlに、エチレングリコール31g(0.5mol)、ピリジン87g(1.125mol)及びトルエン100ml中の2−ブロムプロピオン酸−ブロミド227.2g(1.052mol)の溶液を8〜10℃でゆっくりと滴下する。懸濁液を室温で1時間攪拌し、沈殿物を濾過して取り除き、トルエン200mlで洗浄する。濾液を1M−NaHCO3100mlで洗浄し、各々水100mlで2回洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。表題化合物153.4g(92.4%)が淡黄色の油状物として得られる。
1H−NMR(300MHz、CDCl3):4.49〜4.37m(3H)、1.85〜1.83d(3H)。
DMFA25ml中の、米国特許(US)第5574163号に従って製造したデカン二酸ビス−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−ピペリジン−N−オキシル−4−イル)エステル5.107g(0.01mol)及び2−ブロモ−プロピオン酸2−(2−ブロモ−プロピオニルオキシ)−エチルエステル3.422g(0.01mol)の脱気した溶液に、CuCl3.96g(0.04mol)を加える。
攪拌懸濁液に、ペンタメチル−ジエチレン−トリアミン8.4ml(0.04mol)を投与ポンプの助けを借りて、アルゴン雰囲気下にて、20〜25℃で252分間かけて、連続して加える。混合物を室温で14時間攪拌し、続いて水400ml及びジクロロメタン250mlを加える。有機相を分離し、エチレンジアミン−四酢酸二ナトリウム塩の1%溶液4×200mlで洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。予想される構造を有する、黄ばんだアモルファス粉末5.9gが得られる
Xは、主にBrであり;Yは、主に
25mlDMFA中の、米国特許(US)第5574163号に従って製造されたデカン二酸ビス−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−ピペリジン−N−オキシル−4−イル)エステル4.596g(0.009mol)、2−ブロモ−プロピオン酸2−(2−ブロモ−プロピオニルオキシ)−エチルエステル3.422g、4−ヒドロキシ−TEMPO0.344g(0.002mol)の脱気した溶液に、CuCl3.96g(0.04mol)を加える。攪拌懸濁液に、ペンタメチル−ジエチレン−トリアミン8.4ml(0.04mol)を投与ポンプの助けを借りて、アルゴン雰囲気下にて、20〜25℃で252分間かけて連続して加える。混合物を室温で17時間攪拌し、続いて水400ml及びジクロロメタン250mlを加える。有機相を分離し、エチレンジアミン−四酢酸二ナトリウム塩の1%溶液4×200mlで洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。予想される構造を有する、黄ばんだアモルファス粉末6.71が得られる
4−イル)エステルと2−ブロモ−プロピオン酸6−(2−ブロモ−プロピオニルオキシ)−ヘキシルエステルとのATRA重縮合
a)2−ブロモ−プロピオン酸6−(2−ブロモ−プロピオニルオキシ)−ヘキシルエステルの製造
トルエン120ml中の1,6−ヘキサンジオール11.9g(0.1mol)の溶液に、ピリジン16.6g(0.21mol)を加え、続いて2−ブロモプロピオン酸−ブロミド45.4g(0.204mol)を5〜10℃で滴下する。混合物を室温で18時間攪拌し、次いで水200mlを加え、有機相を分離し、1M−NaHCO3100ml及び水100mlで洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。表題化合物37.35g(96%)が無色の油状物として得られる。
1H−NMR(300MHz、CDCl3):4.41〜4.34q(1H)、4.24〜4.10m(2H)、1.84〜1.81d(3H)、1.72〜1.67m(2H)、1.48〜1.38m(2H)。
25mlDMFA中の、米国特許(US)第5574163号に従って製造されたデカン二酸ビス−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−ピペリジン−N−オキシル−4−イル)エステル5.107g(0.01mol)及び2−ブロモ−プロピオン酸6−(2−ブロモ−プロピオニルオキシ)−ヘキシルエステル3.881g(0.01mol)の脱気した溶液に、CuCl3.96g(0.04mol)を加える。攪拌懸濁液に、ペンタメチル−ジエチレン−トリアミン8.4ml(0.04mol)を投与ポンプの助けを借りて、アルゴン雰囲気下にて、20〜25℃で252分間かけて連続して加える。混合物を室温で16時間攪拌し、続いて水500ml及びジクロロメタン300mlを加える。有機相を分離し、エチレンジアミン−四酢酸二ナトリウム塩の1%溶液4×200mlで洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。予想される構造を有する、黄ばんだアモルファス粉末6.17gが得られる
Xは、主にBrであり;Yは、主に
a)2−ブロモ−プロピオン酸12−(2−ブロモ−プロピオニルオキシ)−ドデシルエステルの製造
1,12−ドデカンジオール18.2g(0.09mol)、ピリジン15.2ml(0.945mol)及び2−ブロモ−プロピオン酸−ブロミド40.9g(0.0945mol)から、実施例4aと同様にして、表題化合物40.9g(96%)を製造する。無色の油状物が得られる。
1H−NMR(300MHz、CDCl3):4.40〜4.33q(1H)、4.23〜4.09m(2H)、1.84〜1.81d(3H)、1.71〜1.59m(2H)、1.40〜1.28m(8H)。
テトラヒドロフラン(THF)50ml中の、米国特許(US)第5574163号に従って製造されたデカン二酸ビス−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−ピペリジン−N−オキシル−4−イル)エステル5.107g(0.01mol)及び2−ブロモ−プロピオン酸12−(2−ブロモ−プロピオニルオキシ)−ドデシルエステル4.742g(0.01mol)の脱気した溶液に、CuCl3.96g(0.04mol)を加える。攪拌懸濁液に、ペンタメチル−ジエチレン−トリアミン8.4ml(0.04mol)を投与ポンプの助けを借りて、アルゴン雰囲気下にて、20〜25℃で252分間かけて連続して加える。混合物を室温で18時間攪拌し、薄セライト層上で濾過する。濾液を蒸発し、残渣をジクロロメタン150mlに溶解し、水500ml、HCl(32%)5ml、エチレンジアミン−四酢酸二ナトリウム塩の1%溶液2×500ml及び最後に水1×500mlで洗浄する。溶液をMgSO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。予想される構造を有する、黄ばんだアモルファスポリマー7.29gを得る。
Xは、主にBrであり;Yは、主に
THF50ml中の、米国特許(US)第5574163号に従って製造されたデカン二酸ビス−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−ピペリジン−N−オキシル−4−イル)エステル2.553g(0.005mol)、2−ブロモ−プロピオン酸12−(2−ブロモ−プロピオニルオキシ)−ドデシルエステル2.371g(0.005mol)及び2−ブロモ−2−メチル−プロピオン酸2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−ピペリジン−4−イルエステル−N−オキシル1.606g(0.005mol)の脱気した溶液に、CuCl3.96g(0.04mol)を加える。攪拌懸濁液に、ペンタメチルジエチレン−トリアミン8.4ml(0.04mol)を投与ポンプの助けを借りて、アルゴン雰囲気下にて、20〜25℃で252分間かけて連続して加える。混合物を室温で20時間攪拌し、薄セライト層上で濾過する。濾液を蒸発し、残渣をジクロロメタン300mlに溶解し、各々水500mlで2回洗浄し、エチレンジアミン−四酢酸二ナトリウム塩の1%溶液(Losung)2×200mlで洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発する。予想される構造を有する、黄ばんだアモルファスポリマー7.4gを得る。
Xは、主にBrであり;Yは、主に
a)実施例2の化合物(以下に示す構造)1.34gをスチレン45.45gに加え、アルゴン下にて130℃で6時間攪拌する。残留モノマーを真空下にて70℃で乾燥して取り除く。ポリスチレンを内部標準として用いたGPC分析で測定された、Mn=35900及びMw=59200のポリマー(48.1%)が生じる。
実施例2の高分子アルコキシアミン:
a)で形成されたポリマーによる再開始
a)で形成されたポリスチレン5.0gをスチレン22.5g及びアクリロニトリル7.5gの混合物に加え、Buchi社の200mlオートクレイブ中でアルゴン下にて、110℃で6時間攪拌する。残留モノマーを真空下にて40℃で取り除く。Mn=77900及びMw=136500のコポリマー(51.3%)が生ずる。
a)で記載したものと同じ手順を行う。b)で形成されたポリスチレン5.0gにより、Mn=142500及びMw=269100のコポリマー(52.1%)が生じた。
a)で記載したものと同じ手順を行う。c)で形成されたポリスチレン5.0gにより、Mn=167300及びMw=328900のコポリマー(37.5%)が生じた。
Claims (5)
- 遷移金属、より低い酸化状態の遷移金属塩、遷移金属及び該遷移金属と錯体形成することができる配位子、又は、より低い酸化状態の遷移金属塩及び該遷移金属塩と錯体形成することができる配位子の存在下で、
a)式(Ia)、式(Ib)又は式(Ic)
b)式(IIa)、式(IIb)、式(IIc)又は式(IId)
c)式(IVa)、式(IVb)又は式(IVc)
(上記式中、R1、R2、R3、及びR4は、メチル又はエチルであり;あるいは
R1及びR2並びに/又はR3及びR4は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒に、C5〜C8シクロアルキル環を形成し:
R5は、H又はメチルであり;
R6及びR7は、H、C1〜C8アルキル又はアリールであり;
R8は、H又はメチルであり;
Xは、ハロゲンであり;
Aは、O又はNR9(ここで、R9は、H、又はC1〜C18アルキル、C5〜C12シクロアルキル若しくはアリールであり)であり;
A1は、−NR9−(CH2)a−NR9−基(ここで、aは、2〜12の数である)又は基
Dは、直接結合、又はC1〜C12アルキレン、C5〜C12シクロアルキレン若しくはアリーレンであり、ここで、前記アルキレン及びシクロアルキレンは、1つ以上のO原子、S原子又はN原子により中断されてもよく;
Eは、直接結合、O又はNR9であり;
Gは、C1〜C12アルキレン、C5〜C12シクロアルキレン又はアリーレンであり、ここで、前記アルキレン及びシクロアルキレンは、1つ以上のO原子、S原子又はN原子により中断されてもよく;
nは、3又は4であり;
Qは、三価又は四価のカルボン酸のアシル残基であり;
Pは、三価又は四価のアルコールの残基である)
を含み、
前記遷移金属が、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Cr、Ni及びRuからなる群から選択され、前記より低い酸化状態の遷移金属塩が、前記遷移金属の、ハロゲン化物、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、炭酸塩又はトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸塩である、原子移動ラジカル付加重合(ATRA)による高分子アルコキシアミンの製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法により得られるポリマー。
- 制御されたラジカル重合反応での重合開始剤及び重合調節剤として、請求項1に記載の方法により得られるポリマーの使用。
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