JP4545737B2 - 発振器回路 - Google Patents
発振器回路 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4545737B2 JP4545737B2 JP2006502577A JP2006502577A JP4545737B2 JP 4545737 B2 JP4545737 B2 JP 4545737B2 JP 2006502577 A JP2006502577 A JP 2006502577A JP 2006502577 A JP2006502577 A JP 2006502577A JP 4545737 B2 JP4545737 B2 JP 4545737B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oscillator circuit
- coupled
- resonator
- emitter follower
- transistor pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1231—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device the amplifier comprising one or more bipolar transistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B27/00—Generation of oscillations providing a plurality of outputs of the same frequency but differing in phase, other than merely two anti-phase outputs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1206—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device using multiple transistors for amplification
- H03B5/1218—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device using multiple transistors for amplification the generator being of the balanced type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1237—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator
- H03B5/124—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising a voltage dependent capacitance
- H03B5/1243—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising a voltage dependent capacitance the means comprising voltage variable capacitance diodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of oscillators covered by H03B
- H03B2200/006—Functional aspects of oscillators
- H03B2200/0074—Locking of an oscillator by injecting an input signal directly into the oscillator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B2201/00—Aspects of oscillators relating to varying the frequency of the oscillations
- H03B2201/02—Varying the frequency of the oscillations by electronic means
- H03B2201/0208—Varying the frequency of the oscillations by electronic means the means being an element with a variable capacitance, e.g. capacitance diode
Landscapes
- Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
Description
交差結合されたトランジスタ対からの雑音寄与がなくなるので、位相雑音が改善する。
必要なチップ領域が縮小される。
エミッタフォロワの高い容量性負荷により、発振器回路の出力における大きな信号振幅が可能になる。
より少ない寄生成分が共振器回路を介して接続されるので、発振器回路の同調範囲は著しく広がる。
所与のタンク回路を用いて、出力バッファを介して非減衰性にすると、常に同調範囲の増大およびより高い発振周波数をもたらす。この2つの利点は、従来技術のトポロジの交差結合されたバイポーラ回路と、カスケード接続の2つのエミッタフォロワを含む出力バッファを比較したときに、共振器への容量性負荷が減少することによるものである。
本発明により、交差結合されたバイポーラ対(−2/gm)を避けることができる。このバイポーラ対は、周波数を限定する要因であった。というのは、負抵抗には、この抵抗がそこから正になるある周波数限界があるからである。この周波数限界は、図1および2のトポロジの場合よりも低い。
固定タンク回路の場合、位相雑音の結果は、新しいトポロジの方が従来技術のトポロジに比べて常により良好である。というのは、交差結合対からの雑音源はもはや存在しないからである。
図1および2の出力バッファは、カスケード接続の2つのエミッタフォロワを含んでいるので、より大きな振幅を可能にするコレクタでの信号振幅は存在しない。従来技術の設計では、縮退差動対(degenerated differential pair)が、通常、タンクと並列な高いオーム抵抗をもつバッファの第1段として追加される。この段の場合は、減衰が大きいため、等価タンクの電圧振幅は小さくなる。
交差結合対をなくすことで、VCOの電力損失が低減する。
102 共振器
104 インダクタ
106 電流源
108 バラクタ
110 制御端子
112 コンデンサ
114 抵抗
116、118、120、122 エミッタフォロア
124 出力負荷
126 レベルシフタ回路
Claims (14)
- 共振器手段(102)と、
第1および第2のエミッタフォロワであって、前記第1および第2のエミッタフォロワのベースは前記共振器手段に対称的に結合され、各々は前記各エミッタフォロワの入力インピーダンスの負の実数値をもたらす容量性負荷(120、122、C1)を含む、第1および第2のエミッタフォロワ(116、118)と、
電源電圧と前記共振器手段との間に結合されたレベルシフタ手段(126)と、
を備える発振器回路。 - 前記共振器がLC共振器である、請求項1に記載の発振器回路。
- 前記共振器が電圧制御共振器である、請求項1または2に記載の発振器回路。
- 前記共振器が、周波数同調用の制御電圧入力部(110)を有するバラクタ(108)を含む、請求項3に記載の発振器回路。
- コンデンサ(112)が前記バラクタに直列結合される、請求項4に記載の発振器回路。
- 前記共振器回路は一対のバラクタを備え、前記バラクタのカソードが互いに接続されている、前記請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の発振器回路。
- 前記共振器回路は一対のバラクタを備え、前記バラクタのアノードが互いに接続されている、前記請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の発振器回路。
- 第3のエミッタフォロワ(120)と第4のエミッタフォロワ(122)とをさらに備え、前記第1および前記第3のエミッタフォロワがカスケード接続され、前記第2および前記第4のエミッタフォロワもカスケード接続される、前記請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の発振器回路。
- コンデンサ(C1)が、前記第1のエミッタフォロワ(116)と前記第2のエミッタフォロワ(118)との間に結合される、前記請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の発振器回路。
- 前記レベルシフタ手段が少なくとも1つのダイオード(D1)を含む、請求項1に記載の発振器回路。
- 第2の発振器回路に交差結合された第1の発振器回路を備え、前記第1および第2の発振器回路は請求項8から10のいずれか一項に記載の前記発振器回路である、直交発振器。
- 前記第1の発振器回路が第1のトランジスタ対(Tc1、Tc2)を備え、前記第2の発振器回路が第2のトランジスタ対(Tc1’、Tc2’)を備え、前記第1のトランジスタ対(T c1 、T c2 )は前記第1の発振器回路の前記第3のエミッタフォロワ(120)および前記第4のエミッタフォロワ(122)に結合され、前記第2のトランジスタ対(T c1 ’、T c2 ’)は前記第2の発振器回路の前記第3のエミッタフォロワ(120’)および前記第4のエミッタフォロワ(122’)に結合され、前記第1のトランジスタ対(Tc1、Tc2)のコレクタが、前記第2の発振器回路に含まれる前記タンク回路に結合され、前記第2のトランジスタ対(Tc1’、Tc2’)のコレクタが、前記第1の発振器回路の前記タンク回路に交差結合される、請求項11に記載の直交発振器。
- 前記第1の発振器回路が第1のトランジスタ対(Tc1、Tc2)を備え、前記第2の発振器回路が第2のトランジスタ対(Tc1’、Tc2’)を備え、前記第1のトランジスタ対(T c1 、T c2 )は前記第1の発振器回路の前記第3のエミッタフォロワ(120)および前記第4のエミッタフォロワ(122)に結合され、前記第2のトランジスタ対(T c1 ’、T c2 ’)は前記第2の発振器回路の前記第3のエミッタフォロワ(120’)および前記第4のエミッタフォロワ(122’)に結合され、前記第1のトランジスタ対(Tc1、Tc2)のコレクタが、前記第2のトランジスタ対(Tc1’、Tc2’)のベースに結合され、前記第2のトランジスタ対(Tc1’、Tc2’)のコレクタが、前記第1のトランジスタ対(Tc1、Tc2)のベースに交差結合される、請求項11に記載の直交発振器。
- 前記請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の発振器回路を備える、位相ロックループ、アップコンバータ、ダウンコンバータ、ミクサ、信号発生器などの電子デバイス。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03100401 | 2003-02-20 | ||
PCT/IB2004/050095 WO2004075394A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 | 2004-02-10 | Oscillator circuit |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006518570A JP2006518570A (ja) | 2006-08-10 |
JP4545737B2 true JP4545737B2 (ja) | 2010-09-15 |
Family
ID=32892961
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006502577A Expired - Fee Related JP4545737B2 (ja) | 2003-02-20 | 2004-02-10 | 発振器回路 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7400209B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1597819A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4545737B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100525070C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004075394A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7400209B2 (en) * | 2003-02-20 | 2008-07-15 | Nxp B.V. | Oscillator circuit |
US7902930B2 (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2011-03-08 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Colpitts quadrature voltage controlled oscillator |
WO2008102286A2 (en) * | 2007-02-19 | 2008-08-28 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Varactorless tunable oscillator |
WO2009049143A1 (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2009-04-16 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Millimeter-wave wideband voltage controlled oscillator |
US7791422B2 (en) * | 2007-10-17 | 2010-09-07 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Voltage controlled oscillator with cascaded emitter follower buffer stages |
JP5912598B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-24 | 2016-04-27 | 日本電波工業株式会社 | 電圧制御発振回路及び水晶発振器 |
US9344035B2 (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-05-17 | Infineon Technologies Ag | System and method for a voltage controlled oscillator |
US9461583B2 (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2016-10-04 | Infineon Technologies Ag | System and method for a voltage controlled oscillator |
CN112953391B (zh) * | 2015-01-27 | 2023-12-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | 射频振荡器 |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2460762B1 (de) * | 1974-12-21 | 1976-04-22 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Schaltungsanordnung fuer einen HF-Oszillator |
GB2181913B (en) * | 1985-10-22 | 1989-09-20 | Plessey Co Plc | Balanced oscillator and heterodyne circuit incorporating same |
GB2181914B (en) * | 1985-10-22 | 1989-09-20 | Plessey Co Plc | Frequency doubling oscillator and heterodyne circuit incorporating same |
JPH0536930U (ja) * | 1991-10-18 | 1993-05-18 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 平衡型発振器の共振回路 |
DE4321565A1 (de) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-01-12 | Siagmbh Sican Anlagen Verwaltu | Monolithisch integrierbarer, abstimmbarer Resonanzkreis und daraus gebildete Schaltungsanordnungen |
US5568095A (en) * | 1994-11-21 | 1996-10-22 | United Technologies Automotive, Inc. | Balanced oscillator and transmitter arrangement |
JPH08274540A (ja) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-18 | Sony Corp | 発振器 |
US5859572A (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1999-01-12 | Ut Automotive Dearborn, Inc. | Oscillator and transmitter arrangement for power specific applications having parasitic impedances |
EP0836271B1 (fr) * | 1996-10-10 | 2003-01-29 | Philips Electronics N.V. | Oscillateur intégré et radio-téléphone mettant en oeuvre un tel oscillateur. |
US6249190B1 (en) * | 1999-08-25 | 2001-06-19 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Differential oscillator |
US20010050598A1 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2001-12-13 | Jean-Marc Mourant | Band-Switched Integrated Voltage Controlled Oscillator |
JP2002084136A (ja) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-22 | Fujitsu Ltd | 発振回路 |
JP2002208819A (ja) * | 2001-01-05 | 2002-07-26 | Tdk Corp | 発振回路 |
JP2004519125A (ja) * | 2001-02-01 | 2004-06-24 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 直交結合制御可能な発振器及び通信装置 |
WO2002065632A1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-22 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ.) | A differential oscillator |
ES2370011T3 (es) * | 2002-09-06 | 2011-12-12 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Un oscilador y un circuito integrado. |
US7362193B2 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2008-04-22 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Oscillator and an integrated circuit |
US7400209B2 (en) * | 2003-02-20 | 2008-07-15 | Nxp B.V. | Oscillator circuit |
-
2004
- 2004-02-10 US US10/545,653 patent/US7400209B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-10 CN CNB2004800046067A patent/CN100525070C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-10 EP EP04709674A patent/EP1597819A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-02-10 WO PCT/IB2004/050095 patent/WO2004075394A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-02-10 JP JP2006502577A patent/JP4545737B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060226923A1 (en) | 2006-10-12 |
CN1751430A (zh) | 2006-03-22 |
EP1597819A1 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
CN100525070C (zh) | 2009-08-05 |
US7400209B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 |
JP2006518570A (ja) | 2006-08-10 |
WO2004075394A1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
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