JP4537110B2 - 後部の安定した人工膝のモジュラースタッド - Google Patents

後部の安定した人工膝のモジュラースタッド Download PDF

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JP4537110B2
JP4537110B2 JP2004121905A JP2004121905A JP4537110B2 JP 4537110 B2 JP4537110 B2 JP 4537110B2 JP 2004121905 A JP2004121905 A JP 2004121905A JP 2004121905 A JP2004121905 A JP 2004121905A JP 4537110 B2 JP4537110 B2 JP 4537110B2
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tibial
base
pin
stud
thigh
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JP2004321794A (ja
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プリュメ シルヴィー
ムーサ サイ
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エースクラップ
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    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0017—Angular shapes
    • A61F2230/0021—Angular shapes square

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Description

本発明は、人工膝の脛骨スタッド、この型のスタッドを含む人工膝のような、後部の安定した特に試行用人工膝、特に試行用人工関節に関するものである。
この型式の人工関節は、脛骨インプラントおよび大腿部インプラントで作られる。脛骨インプラントは、一般的にポリエチレンの、メニスカスとまた呼ばれる、脛骨挿入部が載置される脛骨盤を有している。脛骨挿入部は、一方で、大腿部インプラントのほぼ凸状の関節丘の外面と一緒に作用するように製作された、上面がほぼ凹状に形成された上部におけるベース部を有すると共に、他方で、ベース部から、特に直角に突出し、関連した大腿部スタッドと一緒に作用するように製作された脛骨スタッドを有している。大腿部スタッドは、１つの関節丘から他方の大腿部インプラントに延びるように特に横方向に位置しており、かつ膝の折曲領域内において、特に３０°の折曲から始まる大腿部インプラントによる前後滑動を防止するように脛骨スタッドと当接するようになる。
実施される骨切除の方向付けと容量との両方に特に関連して、人工関節が装着されるようになった大腿骨と脛骨との骨格構造に従って、可能な脛骨挿入部の幾つかの寸法から１つの脛骨挿入部を選ぶことが必要である。
外科医がこの形式の人工関節を取付ける時には、外科医は、一方において、インプラントの寸法と、また、脛骨スタッドのための最良の位置とを確かめなければならない。従って、外科医は、彼の裁量において、高品質のストックが推測される試行用人工関節の形式において異なった可能な脛骨挿入部の範囲を持たなければならない。さらにまた、安定した試行用人工関節であることが必要であり、選ばれた寸法が条件に適合されているのを確かめることができ得るように真の人工関節として応力に対して耐え得ることが必要である。
本発明は、脛骨盤と、大腿部と、大腿部および脛骨部の間に挿入された脛骨挿入部とを有し、取付け手段によって脛骨盤に係合されて、大腿部の１つまたは複数個の関節丘によって形成される１つまたは複数個の凹状の接触面から上部にベース部が作られた脛骨部、およびベース部に対して特に直角に突出し、ベース部から取り外しできる脛骨スタッド部、を有する後部の安定した完成された人工膝において、前記脛骨スタッド部が、脛骨スタッド部下面から、ベース部の厚さよりも長さが長くなっているピンを有し、前記ベース部が、脛骨部が延入する交差孔を有しているので、脛骨部が、ピン軸心を取り囲むベース部に関してスタッド部が回転できないように構成された、ベース部の上面と対向した下面から突出している、完成した後部の安定した人工膝、特に試行用人工関節を教えるものである。
従って、スタッド部は、ベース部を貫通した後、脛骨の固着ピンを受けるように脛骨盤に形成された孔をまた貫通することができる。従って、異なった寸法、特に、異なった厚さの有用な幾つかのベース部を有することが可能であり、いずれも同一のピンを受けるように同じ様な交差孔を有している。単一のスタッド部によって、試行用人工骨のための幾つかの異なった寸法の挿入部には、しかしながら応力と抑制が非常に強固に相対しており、行われるべき実際の試行を容易にしている。特に、ベース部を貫通するピンは、ベース部に固着されたスタッド部を所要位置に良好に保持し、スタッド部における大腿部の衝撃の結果としてロックすることがない。
本発明の改良に従って、脛骨スタッド部は、特に平坦で、非円形のベース台座が作られ、特に長方形または正方形で、ピンが突出するように作られており、さらにまた、脛骨挿入部は、台座を受けてピン軸心周りに台座が回転するのを阻止するために、台座に対して補足的な寸法と形状の上面に空所を有している。
推奨される方法に従って、ピンは、筒状で、特に円形であり、孔がピンに対して補足的になっている。
推奨される方法に従って、ピンを孔内に錠止するのを容易にするために、Ｏリングウエッジがピンにねじ着されている。
また、本発明は、幾つかの異なった寸法のベース部と、本発明に従った脛骨スタッド部とから成り、ベース部が、同一空所を受けるように同一孔を全て有している、特に試行用人工膝のための脛骨挿入部の集合体を教えるものである。
試行用人工膝が、図面に関連して、単に例として、本発明の１つの手段に従って、いま説明される。
本発明は、ピンがベース部を通って固着ピンを貫通することは、特に強固な試行用人工膝と、応力に対して人工膝が抵抗するのを容易にするので、実施される試行が、固定されたスタッド人工関節によって確実にされるようにできるし、脛骨部の寸法の完全な範囲を有効にするようになす必要なしに、試行が確実に得られる。
本発明の人工膝は、脛骨盤と、大腿部と、大腿部および脛骨部の間に挿入された脛骨挿入部とを有し、取付け手段によって脛骨盤に係合されて、大腿部の１つまたは複数個の関節丘によって形成される１つまたは複数個の凹状の接触面から上部にベース部が作られた脛骨部、およびベース部に対して特に直角に突出し、ベース部から取り外しできる脛骨スタッド部、を有する後部の安定した完成された人工膝において、前記脛骨スタッド部が、脛骨スタッド部下面から、ベース部の厚さよりも長さが長くなっているピンを有し、前記ベース部が、脛骨部が延入する交差孔を有しているので、脛骨部が、ピン軸心を取り囲むベース部に関してスタッド部が回転できないように構成された、ベース部の上面と対向した下面から突出していることを特徴とする。
図１において、本発明の試行用人工膝の脛骨部は、ポリマーの、脛骨の骨髄溝内の固着ピン１と、脛骨盤２と、交差部片３と、挿入部４とを有するように理解することができる。
挿入部４は、ベース部５とスタッド部６とを有している。ベース部５の上面は、大腿部の関節丘と係合する凹状の接触面７を有している。
ベース部５は、ベース部５の上側から下側に交差孔９が形成された、方形状を成している底部付の空所８を有している。交差孔９は、円形断面を有している。交差孔９の断面は、空所８の底部よりも小さい。
左と右の２つの固着スタッドは、ベース部５の下方から突出して、脛骨盤２と交差部片３とに形成された対応する左右の孔１５を貫通するように作られており、脛骨挿入部４を脛骨盤２に固着すべくできるようにしている。特に、挿入部４は、これら固着スタッドと、対応するように形成された孔１５とによって固着ピン１の軸心周りに脛骨盤２に対して回転することが阻止される。勿論、脛骨盤２に対して挿入部４を固着する他の手段が可能である。
スタッド部６は、中間横方向に大腿部の２つの関節丘の間を緊張する大腿部スタッドと接触するように柔軟なボス部１１が上方に来るように形成された空所８を補足する形状の台座１０を有している。
台座１０と空所８は、円形状をしていないので、台座１０は、固着ピン１の軸心に対して空所８の内部に向かって回転できない。
筒状で円形の横長のピン１２が、孔９の形状に補足的に形成されたスタッド部６の下側の平らな側部から延びている。
人工関節が組立てられる時に（図２）、スタッド部６は、孔９にしっかりと嵌合して突き通り、台座１０が、特にラチェット機構によって空所８の底部の上に配置される。
ピンの長さは、交差孔の位置におけるベース部の厚さよりも長いので、ピンは反対側から再び突出する。
ピンの長さは、人工関節の固着ピンに形成された固着ピン用の空所１３をピンが貫通するような具合に、ベース部５の厚さと、最終的な交差部片３の厚さと、脛骨用の台座１０の厚さとの合計よりも長い。
例えば、ベース部において、４つの異なった厚さがある場合に、ピンは、最大厚さを考慮して長くされる。
Ｏリング１４がピンの周りに嵌合されるので、ピンが一度、孔に入れられると、継ぎ手が錠止される傾向を有するようになる。
ピンがベース部５を通って固着ピンを貫通することは、特に強固な試行用人工膝と、応力に対して人工膝が抵抗するのを容易にするので、実施される試行が、固定されたスタッド人工関節によって確実にされるように丁度、考えることができる。明らかなように、脛骨部の寸法の完全な範囲を有効にするようになす必要なしに、試行のこの確実性が得られることの利点がある。
本発明は、人工膝およびその集合体に適用することができるものである。
組立てられていない状態での人工膝の脛骨部に係合された脛骨挿入部を示す図である。 組立てられた状態での図１の脛骨部を示す図である。
符号の説明
１ 固着ピン
２ 脛骨盤
３ 交差部片
４ 挿入部
５ ベース部
６ スタッド部
７ 接触面
８ 空所
９ 孔
１０ 台座
１１ ボス
１２ ピン
１３ 空所
１４ Ｏリング
１５ 孔

Claims (7)

  1. 後部の安定した完成された試行用人工膝において、
    上面を有する脛骨盤および脛骨の骨髄溝内に入る固着ピンを備える脛骨部と、
    １つまたは複数個の関節丘を備える大腿部と、
    前記脛骨部および前記大腿部の間に挿入されると共にベース部とスタッド部とを備える脛骨挿入部であって、前記ベース部は前記１つまたは複数個の関節丘と接触するようになる凹状面を備えるベース上面と前記脛骨盤の上面との接触に関するベース下面とを有すると共に前記ベース部の上側から下側に形成された交差孔を備え、前記脛骨スタッド部は前記交差孔にしっかりと嵌合して突き通る脛骨スタッド部であって前記大腿部と接触するようになる前記ベース上面から上方に突出するボス部と前記固着ピンの空所に入るように前記ベース部を超えて突出するピンとを備え、前記ベース部および前記スタッド部は前記スタッド部が前記ピンの軸心周りに前記ベース部に対して回転できないように構成されている、脛骨挿入部と、そして、
    前記脛骨挿入部を前記盤に対して固着するために設けられる固着手段と、
    を備えることを特徴とする人工膝。
  2. 前記脛骨スタッド部は、平坦で、非円形の、長方形または正方形で、ピンが突出するように台座が作られており、前記脛骨挿入部は、ピン軸心周りの回転を阻止するために、上面に台座に対して補足的な寸法と形状の空所を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の人工膝。
  3. 前記ピンは、形状が筒状で、円形であり、前記孔は、ピンに対して補足的な形状であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の人工膝。
  4. 前記ピンを孔内に錠止するのを容易にするために、Ｏリングウエッジが該ピンにねじ着されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の人工膝。
  5. 異なった寸法であって、それぞれ大腿部の１つ以上の関節丘に対する１つ以上の凹状の接触面をその上部に有する複数個のベース部と、
    長さが各ベース部の厚さよりも長くなっている下面から突出するピンを有する脛骨スタッド部と、
    を有し、
    各ベース部は、脛骨スタッド部が上面の反対側の各ベース部の下面から突出するように通ることが可能な交差孔を有し、スタッド部が各ベース部に対してかつ前記ピンの軸心周りに回転できないような具合に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の試行用人工膝のための脛骨挿入部の集合体。
  6. 前記脛骨スタッド部は、形状が平坦で、かつ非円形で、ほぼ長方形または正方形であって、ピンが突出しているベース部台座を有し、各ベース部は、ピン軸心周りの回転を阻止するために、上面に台座に対して補足的な寸法と形状の空所を有することを特徴とする請求項５に記載の脛骨挿入部の集合体。
  7. 前記ピンは、形状が筒状で、円形であり、前記孔は、ピンに対して補足的な形状であることを特徴とする請求項５に記載の脛骨挿入部の集合体。
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EP1470800A1 (fr) 2004-10-27
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