JP4418195B2 - Container terminal - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a container terminal and a container handling method for loading and unloading, for example, a marine container, loading, storage, and acceptance through a gate.

  The container terminal is a quay facility that loads and unloads containers on a container transport ship, stores the unloaded containers until they are delivered to the shipper, and stores and holds the containers received from the shipper until the ship.

As a conventional container terminal, there is one described in Patent Document 1, for example.
This container terminal is intended to automate cargo handling in the container yard. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, a traveling path 11 </ b> A on which an unmanned straddle carrier 13 travels is provided between the container storage blocks 11. On the other hand, a travel path 11B on which a manned trailer 10 travels is provided. Thus, automation is achieved by running the unmanned straddle carrier 13 in the container yard.
Moreover, since the unmanned straddle carrier 13 and the manned container carry-out trailer 10 coexist in the area between the storage blocks, the interference prevention device 12 and the partition bar 14 are installed as a safety measure.

JP 2003-48625 A (paragraphs [0038] to [0045], FIGS. 4 and 6)

However, the conventional container terminal has a problem that the container storage area ratio of the container yard is lowered because the traveling path of the manned trailer 10 is provided in addition to the unmanned straddle carrier 13.
In addition, although automation is achieved by allowing an unmanned straddle carrier 13 to enter the container yard, since the manned trailer 10 still enters the container yard, complete automation cannot be achieved in the container yard. It was.
In addition, it is necessary to install the interference prevention device 12 and the partition wall 14 for safety measures, leading to an increase in cost.
In addition, since the trailer 10 is manned, the cargo handling between the yard crane and the trailer 10 is performed manually from the viewpoint of safety. In the above prior art, since the cargo handling is performed with respect to the yard crane at an arbitrary position on the traveling path 11B of the trailer 10, the skill of the operator is required and the efficiency of the cargo handling work is hindered.

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to improve the container storage area ratio of a container yard.
Another object of the present invention is to further promote automation in a container yard and increase cargo handling efficiency.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a container terminal that facilitates container delivery and ensures higher safety.

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
The container terminal according to claim 1 is provided with a plurality of storage lanes extending in a direction substantially orthogonal to the quay and storing and storing the container in a predetermined position; A plurality of unmanned transport carts that travel in a quay apron area where a quay crane is installed and switch back travel between the storage lanes, and unload the containers with the unmanned transport carts. In a container terminal comprising a yard crane that travels across, a region between the storage lanes where the unmanned transport cart travels is an unmanned region that is a dedicated travel path on which only the unmanned transport cart travels, wherein in a region adjacent to the gate-side end portion opposite to the quay side of each storage lane has transfer region respectively gate side Is, the gate-side transfer region, characterized in that said yard crane and the foreign chassis is the area for handling.

Since the area between the storage lanes is an unmanned area, manned cargo handling machines will not travel. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide safety equipment such as an interference prevention device.
Since the automated guided vehicle travels in the area between the storage lanes, the inside of the container yard composed of a plurality of storage lanes can be automated. In addition, it is preferable to increase the storage area by setting a dedicated travel path on which only the automatic guided vehicle travels in the area between the storage lanes.
In addition, when performing a ship-lifting operation to unload a container from a ship to a storage lane or a ship-loading operation to load a container from a storage lane to the ship, that is, when performing a ship-side operation, the unmanned transport cart is moved to the position of the yard crane. It is only necessary to travel in the unmanned area and deliver the container, and since the yard crane does not have to travel, the work on the ship side becomes efficient.
In an unmanned container yard, cargo handling work between a yard crane and a foreign chassis such as a manned trailer is performed by manual operation by remote monitoring. In the present invention, the region adjacent to the gate side end of the storage lane is defined as the gate side transfer region, and the remote manual operation is always performed in this region. Therefore, compared with the case where the remote manual operation is performed at an arbitrary position, the operator does not require skill, and a quick and smooth operation can be expected.
In the area adjacent to the gate-side end of the storage lane, a gate-side transfer area for handling the yard crane and the trailer or other external chassis will be provided, and the yard crane will serve as the transfer machine. Therefore, it is not necessary to install a transfer machine in the area on the gate side.
In addition, since it was decided to carry out cargo handling with the foreign chassis in the gate side transfer area, it is possible to clearly distinguish between the unmanned container yard and the manned gate side area from the viewpoint of safety. preferable.

The container terminal according to claim 2 is provided with a plurality of storage lanes extending in a direction substantially orthogonal to the quay and stacking and storing the container at a predetermined position; A plurality of unmanned transport carts that travel in a quay apron area where quay cranes are installed and switch back travel between the storage lanes, and containers of these unmanned transport carts are handled, and straddle the storage lanes In the container terminal comprising the yard crane that travels in the area, the region between the storage lanes where the unmanned transport cart travels is an unmanned region that is a dedicated travel path on which only the unmanned transport cart travels, the region adjacent to the gate-side end portion opposite to the quay side of each storage lane, each gate-side transfer region provided al , The said gate-side transfer region, wherein the transfer machine to perform cargo handling and foreign chassis is provided.

Since the area between the storage lanes is an unmanned area, manned cargo handling machines will not travel. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide safety equipment such as an interference prevention device.
Since the automated guided vehicle travels in the area between the storage lanes, the inside of the container yard composed of a plurality of storage lanes can be automated. In addition, it is preferable to increase the storage area by setting a dedicated travel path on which only the automatic guided vehicle travels in the area between the storage lanes.
In addition, when performing a ship-lifting operation to unload a container from a ship to a storage lane or a ship-loading operation to load a container from a storage lane to the ship, that is, when performing a ship-side operation, the unmanned transport cart moves to the yard crane position. It is only necessary to travel in the unmanned area and deliver the container, and since the yard crane does not have to travel, the work on the ship side becomes efficient.
In an unmanned container yard, cargo handling work between a yard crane and a foreign chassis such as a manned trailer is performed by manual operation by remote monitoring. In the present invention, the region adjacent to the gate side end of the storage lane is defined as the gate side transfer region, and the remote manual operation is always performed in this region. Therefore, compared with the case where the remote manual operation is performed at an arbitrary position, the operator does not require skill, and a quick and smooth operation can be expected.
In addition, since it was decided to carry out cargo handling with the foreign chassis in the gate-side transfer area, it is possible to clearly distinguish between the unmanned container yard and the manned gate-side area from the viewpoint of safety. preferable.
By dedicating the cargo handling with the foreign chassis to the transfer machine, the yard crane can be used efficiently.

  The container terminal according to claim 3 is characterized in that one yard crane is installed in each storage lane.

  In the case of ship-side work, the unmanned transport cart travels through the unmanned area to the position of the yard crane, so there is no need for the yard crane to travel. A yard crane only travels in the storage lane when carrying out the export work to export containers from the storage lane to the outside of the container terminal, and the import work to import containers from outside the container terminal to the storage lane, that is, in the case of land-side work. Good. Therefore, it is sufficient to have one yard crane in each storage lane.

  The container terminal according to claim 4 is characterized in that the automatic guided vehicle travels to the gate side transfer area.

  Since the automated guided vehicle travels to the gate side transfer area, the unmanned traveling cart can be loaded and unloaded. In other words, in the case of unloading, an unmanned transport cart that has received a container from a quay crane travels through the unmanned area to the gate-side transfer area and is unattended with a yard crane (or transfer machine) waiting in the gate-side transfer area. The container on the trolley is lifted and similarly loaded on the foreign chassis waiting in the transfer area on the gate side. In the case of carry-in, the container on the foreign chassis is lifted by the yard crane (or transfer machine) and loaded on the unmanned transfer cart waiting in the transfer area on the gate side. The automatic guided vehicle that has received the container transfers the container to a storage lane or a quay crane.

  The container terminal according to claim 5 is characterized in that an escape prevention guard is provided so as to surround the gate-side transfer area and the area where the automated guided vehicle travels.

  Since a manned foreign chassis enters the gate-side transfer area, an escape prevention guard is provided as a safety measure.

  The container terminal according to claim 6 is characterized in that the yard crane moves between the storage lanes.

  Enable the yard crane to move to a storage lane with high workload. As a result, one of the containers can deliver the container to the foreign chassis (the role of the transfer machine), and the other can be dedicated to work in the storage lane.

Since the area between the storage lanes is an unmanned area, it is not necessary to provide safety equipment such as an interference prevention device.
Since the automatic guided vehicle runs exclusively in the area between the storage lanes, the inside of the container yard can be automated.
Moreover, when performing ship side work, since the automatic guided vehicle travels to the position of the yard crane and delivers the container, the ship side work can be made highly efficient.
Since remote manual operation is always performed in the transfer area on the gate side, quick and smooth work can be expected.
Since the gate-side transfer area is provided in the area adjacent to the gate-side end of the storage lane and the yard crane plays the role of the transfer machine, it is necessary to install the transfer machine in the gate-side area. Absent.

  Since the unmanned transport cart travels to the gate side transfer area and the unmanned travel cart carries out the loading / unloading work, the loading / unloading work can be made highly efficient.

1st Embodiment of the container terminal concerning this invention is described using FIGS. 1-3.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the arrangement of container terminals.
The ship 1 is attached to the quay G. On the side of the ship 1, three quay cranes 2 for loading and unloading the container K are installed in the quay apron region A of the container terminal.
On the land side of the quay apron region A, a container yard Y in which a container K is stored is provided. The container yard Y is provided with a storage lane 3 arranged so as to be orthogonal to the quay G. Here, as an example, the number of lanes is six.

In the quay apron area A, the automated guided vehicle (Automated
Guided Vehicle (AGV) 4 loop-shaped dedicated traveling path 5A is provided so as to travel below each quay crane 2 and draw one loop.
An unmanned area is set between the storage lanes 3, and a dedicated traveling path 5 </ b> B for the automatic guided vehicle 4 is provided in this area. The dedicated traveling path 5B has two approach paths 5B1 and one exit path 5B2 that enter the container yard Y. The approach path 5B1 is provided at a position adjacent to the storage lanes 3 on both sides, and the exit path 5B2 is provided between the two approach paths 5B1. The approach path 5B1 terminates at the gate side end (downward in FIG. 1) of the storage lane 3, and is connected to the exit path 5B2 extending from the termination position to the sea side.
The automatic guided vehicle 4 is switched back by such a dedicated traveling path 5B.
In addition, in order to automatically guide and guide the automatic guided vehicle 4 on each of the dedicated traveling paths 5A and 5B, for example, a magnetic device is laid.

Each storage lane 3 is provided with a gate-type transfer crane (yard crane) 6 that travels across the storage lane 3.
The transfer crane 6 travels from the quay G side to the container transfer area (gate side transfer area) B on the gate side, and the unmanned transport cart 4 and the foreign chassis (manned self-propelled transport vehicles such as trucks, trailers, and freight cars) T The container K is unloaded.

  FIG. 2 shows a front view of the transfer crane 6. A traversing trolley 6A is installed on a girder that extends horizontally upward, and a container suspension (spreader) 6B is suspended from the traversing trolley 6A. The container K is gripped by the container suspension 6B.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state in which the transfer crane 6 located in the container transfer area B transfers the container K to the foreign chassis T. FIG.
The foreign chassis T enters from the gate side to the container transfer area B and stops below the transfer crane 6. At this position, the container K is delivered.

  An instruction as to which container K to move to is sent from the control room 9 to the automatic guided vehicle 4, the transfer crane 6 and the foreign chassis T by radio.

Next, the operation of the container terminal having the above configuration will be described.
In the case of unloading work for unloading the container K from the ship 1 to the container yard Y, the automatic guided vehicle 4 receives the container K below the quay crane 2. The automatic guided vehicle 4 that has received the container K travels on the loop-shaped dedicated traveling path 5 </ b> A and enters one of the dedicated traveling paths 5 </ b> B instructed from the control room 9. The automatic guided vehicle 4 travels on the approach path 5B1 of the dedicated travel path 5B and stops at the side of the target transfer crane 6. The transfer crane 6 receives a container from the automatic guided vehicle 4 stopped to the side, and loads the container K at a predetermined position in the storage lane 3.
The automatic guided vehicle 4 that has transferred the container K to the transfer crane 6 proceeds to the gate side as it is on the approach path 5B1, and then switches back and travels on the exit path 5B2 to return to the dedicated travel path 5A in the quay apron region A.
In the case of a main loading operation in which the container K stored in the storage lane 3 is loaded on the ship 1, the unmanned traveling cart 4 travels to the transfer crane 6 instructed from the control room 9 and stops at the side of the crane 6. And receives the container K. The automatic guided vehicle 4 that has received the container K switches back as described above and travels on the exit path 5B2 toward the dedicated traveling path 5A in the quay apron region A. And the container K is handed over to the quay crane 2 instruct | indicated from the control room 9, and this shipping operation is completed.
All the operations on the ship side are performed automatically.

When carrying out the carrying-out operation of paying out the container K stored in the storage lane 3 to the outside of the gate, the transfer crane 6 travels to the target container K instructed from the control room 9 and lifts up the target container K. The transfer crane 6 travels to the gate side while lifting the container K, and travels to the container transfer area B adjacent to the storage lane 3. In the container transfer area B, the container K is placed on the foreign chassis T that has arrived below the transfer crane 6. The foreign chassis T that has received the container K passes through the gate toward the intended transport area.
When carrying-in work for receiving a container outside the gate into the storage lane 3, the foreign chassis T loaded with the carry-in container K passes through the gate to the container transfer area B in the storage lane 3 instructed from the control room 9. And stop at this cargo handling position B. In the container transfer area B, the transfer crane 6 receives the container K from the foreign chassis T. The transfer crane 6 that has received the container travels in the storage lane 3 and loads the container K at a predetermined position instructed from the control room 9.
The handling of the transfer crane 6 and the foreign chassis T in the above land-side work cannot be performed automatically because the foreign chassis T is manned, and is manually performed by an operator standing in a remote position such as a control room.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
In the case of transshipment from a ship to a ship, that is, transshipment, since only the main ship lifting work and the main shipping work are performed, the container does not come out from the gate, and no loading / unloading work is involved. According to the present embodiment, since the unmanned transport cart 4 travels to the side of the transfer crane 6 and performs cargo handling in ship-side work, the travel of the transfer crane 6 that is slower than the unmanned transport cart 4 is eliminated as much as possible. be able to.
In addition, since the area between the storage lanes 3 is an unmanned area, complete automation is realized in the container yard, and efficient cargo handling can be performed.

  Since the dedicated traveling path 5B of the automatic guided vehicle 4 is provided between the storage lanes 3 and the unmanned area is set, the foreign chassis T does not enter the container yard Y, and safety can be ensured. In addition, installation of safety equipment such as an interference prevention device, which has been necessary in the past, becomes unnecessary, and the equipment cost can be reduced as compared with the conventional equipment.

  When carrying out the cargo handling between the transfer crane 6 and the foreign chassis T, it is always carried out in the container transfer area B, so that it is possible to carry out the cargo handling quickly and smoothly without requiring skill for manual remote operation.

  Since the transfer crane 6 is used as a transfer machine for delivering the container K to the foreign chassis T, it is not necessary to install a transfer machine, and an inexpensive container yard can be provided.

  Further, since the automatic guided vehicle 4 is configured to switch back after being loaded in the container transfer region B, the conventional container terminal having a transfer machine located in the gate side region away from the storage lane 3 is used. Thus, it is not necessary to run a large loop between the storage lane 3 and the gate. Therefore, operation management of the automatic guided vehicle 4 is facilitated.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the container terminal according to the present invention.
Hereinafter, differences from the above embodiment will be described.
A dedicated traveling path 5B of the automatic guided vehicle 4 is provided to extend to the container transfer area B on the gate side.
Thereby, even in the case of loading / unloading, since the automatic guided vehicle 4 can travel to the container transfer area B, the transfer crane 6 travels in the storage lane 3 and moves the container K to the container transfer area B. It can be omitted. Therefore, the loading / unloading work can be performed efficiently.
Moreover, the escape prevention guard 7 is installed so that the extended exclusive travel path 5B may be enclosed. Thereby, safety | security can be improved by dividing | segmenting an area | region with a manned foreign chassis T. FIG.

  A lane change portion X is provided so that the transfer crane 6 can move between the storage lanes 3. As a result, the transfer crane 6 is moved to the storage lane 3 having a large load, and two transfer cranes 6 are used in one storage lane 3, so that the operation efficiency can be improved.

5 and 6 show a third embodiment.
Hereinafter, differences from the second embodiment will be described.
An overhead crane facility (transfer machine) 8 which is a container transfer machine is provided over the entire width of the container transfer area B.
As shown in FIG. 6, the overhead crane facility 8 is supported by a plurality of rail struts 8D and traverses a trailer rail 8C that extends horizontally, and is suspended from the traverse trailer 8A. A container suspension 8B.

According to this embodiment, since the cargo handling with the foreign chassis T is dedicated to the overhead crane facility 8, the cargo handling efficiency in the container yard increases.
In addition, since the transfer machine is an overhead crane, there is no possibility of interference with an external chassis or an automatic guided vehicle as compared with the case where the transfer crane plays the role of the transfer machine. Therefore, a safe container terminal can be provided.
Also in this embodiment, as in the second embodiment, since the unmanned transport cart 4 can travel to the container transfer area B, the unloading cart 4 can be loaded and unloaded. Input work can be made more efficient.

In each of the above embodiments, the automatic guided vehicle 4 is not limited to the AGV but may be a straddle carrier.
The transfer crane 6 may be an overhead traveling crane.

It is the top view which showed 1st Embodiment of the container terminal concerning this invention. It is an II-II arrow line view of FIG. It is the III-III arrow line view of FIG. It is the top view which showed 2nd Embodiment of the container terminal concerning this invention. It is the top view which showed 3rd Embodiment of the container terminal concerning this invention. It is a VI-VI arrow line view in FIG. It is the front view which showed the conventional container terminal.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship 2 Quay crane 3 Storage lane 4 Unmanned conveyance cart 5A, 5B Dedicated runway 6 Yard crane 7 Escape prevention guard 8 Container transfer machine A Quay apron area B Container transfer area (gate side transfer area)
Y container yard

Claims (6)

A quay apron with a plurality of storage lanes extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the quay and storing containers in a predetermined position, and a quay crane for loading and unloading containers on a ship piercing the quay A plurality of unmanned transport carts that travel in an area and switchback travel between the storage lanes, and a yard crane that performs container handling with the unmanned transport carts and travels across the storage lanes. In the container terminal
The region between the storage lanes where the unmanned transport cart travels is an unmanned region that is a dedicated travel path on which only the unmanned transport cart travels,
In each storage lane, an area adjacent to the gate side end opposite to the quay side is provided with a gate side transfer area, and the gate side transfer area is loaded with the yard crane and the external chassis. Container terminal characterized by being an area to perform. A quay apron with a plurality of storage lanes extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the quay and storing containers in a predetermined position, and a quay crane for loading and unloading containers on a ship berthing on the quay A plurality of unmanned transport carts that travel in an area and switchback travel between the storage lanes, and a yard crane that performs container handling with the unmanned transport carts and travels across the storage lanes. In the container terminal
The region between the storage lanes where the unmanned transport cart travels is an unmanned region that is a dedicated travel path on which only the unmanned transport cart travels,
A gate-side transfer area is provided in each of the storage lanes adjacent to the gate-side end opposite to the quay side , and the gate-side transfer area is used for loading and unloading with an external chassis. A container terminal characterized by a loading machine. The container terminal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one yard crane is installed in each storage lane. The container terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the automatic guided carriage travels to the gate side transfer area. The container terminal according to claim 4, wherein an escape prevention guard is provided so as to surround an area in the gate side transfer area where the automatic guided vehicle travels. The container terminal according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, and 5, wherein the yard crane moves between the storage lanes.

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