WO2012133280A1

WO2012133280A1 - Container terminal and control method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2012133280A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/057711
Authority: WO
Inventors: 大至笠井
Original assignee: 三井造船株式会社
Priority date: 2011-03-30
Filing date: 2012-03-26
Publication date: 2012-10-04
Also published as: JP2012206838A; JP5698051B2

Abstract

Provided are a container terminal and a control method therefor, which significantly reduce yard crane movements and increase handling efficiency. This invention is configured in a manner such that: a first transfer area (44) is provided to the outside of storage lanes (20) at one end thereof; container transfer stations (50) for transferring containers (k) between circulating transfer vehicles (31) and reciprocating vehicles (32) are provided over the intersections where the movement paths of the circulating transfer vehicles (31) and the movement paths of the reciprocating vehicles (32) intersect in the first transfer area (44); the container transfer stations (50) are provided with a hoist (53) for hoisting containers (k) up and down, and a slewing device for slewing the hoist (53); and the reciprocating vehicles (32) move in a reciprocating manner in the areas adjacent to the storage lanes (20) to transfer containers (k) between the container transfer stations (50) and yard cranes (13, 14) that are provided to the storage lanes (20).

Description

Container terminal and its control method

The present invention relates to a container terminal and a control method in which, in a container terminal, the movement distance of a yard crane straddling a storage lane is shortened to increase cargo handling efficiency, and energy consumption is suppressed.

The container terminal is a facility that loads or unloads containers to / from ships, and loads and unloads containers using an external chassis for land transportation. It is also a facility that temporarily stores containers that have been loaded or unloaded.

Currently, with the rapid development of container transportation systems on international routes, it is desired to automate and save labor in cargo handling and storage operations in container terminals. In other words, it is important to transport containers between the ship and the container terminal, to automate and improve the efficiency at the container storage part of the container terminal, and to reduce the cost.

Therefore, the storage lane is extended in a direction substantially orthogonal to the quay and equipped with an automatic guided vehicle that switches back between the storage lanes. A gate is provided on the opposite side of the quay side to provide an external chassis and transfer crane (yard crane). ) And a container terminal provided with an area for cargo handling (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this container terminal, the manned foreign chassis does not enter the storage area, so that the storage area ratio increases and the container terminal can be further automated.

However, especially when the container stored in the storage lane is carried out to the foreign chassis, and from the foreign chassis and stored in the storage lane, the yard crane moves on the storage lane while grasping the container, so the handling efficiency is low. There is a problem of becoming. This is because the moving speed of the yard crane is as low as about 18 km / h even with the fastest crane.

In addition, when installing a storage lane that extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the quay, that is, in the sea-land direction, containers loaded from the foreign chassis and loaded into the ship are placed on the sea side of the storage lane and unloaded from the ship. If the container to be transported to the foreign chassis is placed on the land side of the storage lane, cargo handling efficiency will increase. However, in the container terminal described in Patent Document 1, if the container is stored in the storage lane with a high handling efficiency, the distance of the yard crane must be increased. In particular, when carrying out and carrying in the foreign chassis, the yard crane picks up the container and travels in the storage lane.

Furthermore, the method in which the yard crane hangs and transports the container is inferior in cargo handling efficiency, which causes a problem that wasteful energy is consumed.

On the other hand, in a container terminal that includes a yard crane that moves in the longitudinal direction of the storage lane and separates and stores the container to be carried out and the container that has been carried in, as shown in FIG. And a container terminal provided with a large yard crane 112 straddling the yard crane 111. Since this container terminal can pass the yard crane 111 and the yard crane 112 without colliding, the container k can be efficiently arranged in the storage lane 110. However, since it is necessary to move the

yard cranes

111 and 112 for a long distance, it takes much time. In addition, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost of the large yard crane 112 increase.

Patent No. 4418195

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a container terminal that can reduce the distance (travel distance) of the yard crane, increase cargo handling efficiency, and suppress energy consumption, and a control method thereof. It is another object of the present invention to provide a container terminal and its control method that can make the traveling of the orbiting conveyance cart smoother without causing the orbiting conveyance cart to switch back.

A container terminal of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem comprises a quay crane and a storage lane for placing a container at a predetermined position, and the container terminal for transporting the container by a circular transport carriage is adjacent to the storage lane. At least one reciprocating carriage that reciprocates in the longitudinal direction and transports the container, and a first delivery area where the revolving carriage and the reciprocating carriage deliver the container outside the end of the storage lane. A suspension mechanism for raising and lowering the container and a turning mechanism for turning the suspension tool so as to straddle an intersection where the traveling route of the circular transport carriage and the traveling route of the reciprocating carriage intersect in the first delivery area. Constructed with a delivery stand.

According to this configuration, the delivery platform delivers the container at the intersection of the traveling route between the circular transport carriage and the reciprocating carriage outside the end of the storage lane. And a reciprocating cart can reciprocate between a delivery stand and the yard crane provided in the storage lane, and can convey a container. Therefore, the yard crane does not travel and transport the container, the moving distance (travel distance) of the yard crane can be reduced, and the cargo handling efficiency of the container terminal can be increased. In addition, since the container for the revolving carriage and the reciprocating carriage is delivered by a delivery stand that consumes less energy than the yard crane, energy consumption can be further suppressed.

In addition, the orbiting carriage can be carried out without switching back when the container is delivered to the delivery platform provided outside the end of the storage lane. Therefore, the switchback traveling function and the safety check sensor function before or after the orbiting conveyance carriage can be excluded from the orbiting conveyance carriage, and the cost of the orbiting conveyance carriage can be suppressed. In addition, from the above configuration, the traveling directions of the circular transport carriage and the reciprocating carriage are substantially orthogonal. For this reason, since it is necessary to turn the container when the container is transferred to the round transfer carriage and the reciprocating carriage, the delivery platform includes a turning mechanism for turning the lifting tool about the vertical direction as a central axis. Therefore, since the longitudinal direction of the container can be made to coincide with each traveling direction, there is no trouble in transporting the container.

In the container terminal, the storage lane and the reciprocating cart adjacent to each other are arranged in the order of the first storage lane, the first reciprocating cart, the second reciprocating cart, and the second storage lane, and the route of the circular transport cart One transfer platform is provided so as to straddle the intersection of the route of the first reciprocating carriage and the route of the orbiting carriage and the second reciprocating carriage of the carriage, A moving device configured to traverse the suspension tool in a direction substantially orthogonal to the traveling direction of the reciprocating carriage so as to deliver a container to the carriage and the first reciprocating carriage or the second reciprocating carriage. .

According to this configuration, two reciprocating carts are arranged between two adjacent rows of storage lanes. And a delivery stand can be formed so that two reciprocating carts may be straddled, and a suspension tool can be moved between two reciprocating carts. Therefore, one delivery rack can be shared by two adjacent storage lanes, and the number of delivery racks can be reduced.

In addition, the container terminal is configured such that the circular conveyance carriage and the reciprocating carriage are formed by an unmanned conveyance carriage, and either the circular path or the roundtrip path is formed in a rail shape and embedded in the ground. Is done.

For example, an automated guided vehicle travels by detecting an electromagnetic tape laid on the ground, but it is difficult to control if the travel route intersects, and there are problems such as stay and collision at the intersection Also occurs. However, according to this configuration, the circular conveyance carriage and the reciprocating carriage are formed by an unmanned conveyance carriage (hereinafter referred to as AGV), and one of the traveling paths, that is, the circular path or the round-trip path is formed in a rail shape and embedded in the ground. To do. The other traveling route, such as electromagnetic tape, is laid on the ground. Then, even if the traveling routes intersect, the control of the orbiting transport carriage and the reciprocating carriage does not mix, so that the orbiting carriage and the reciprocating carriage can smoothly run.

The container terminal control method of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises a quay crane, a storage lane for placing a container at a predetermined position, and at least one yard crane straddling the storage lane, In the control method of the container terminal where the transport cart transports the container, outside the end of the storage lane, the transfer platform is operated by lifting and lowering the suspension and turning the suspension so that the container of the circulating transport cart and the reciprocating cart A step of delivering, and a step of transporting the container to the delivery platform and the yard crane by the reciprocating carriage reciprocating in the longitudinal direction in an adjacent region of the storage lane.

According to this method, since the container in the storage lane is transported by the reciprocating carriage, the yard crane does not grab the container and travels, and the moving distance of the yard crane can be reduced. it can. In addition, in order to facilitate the traveling of the circular transport cart, even if the traveling route of the circular transport cart and the reciprocating cart crosses under the transfer platform, the transfer platform can turn the container. The container can be smoothly transferred to and from the carriage.

According to the present invention, the moving distance (traveling distance) of the yard crane can be reduced, the cargo handling efficiency can be increased, and the consumption of energy can be suppressed. In addition, switchback travel is not required when the orbital transport cart delivers the container, and either one of the front and rear collision avoidance safety sensors is not required, thus reducing the cost of the orbital transport cart. Can do. In addition, it is possible to smoothly run each vehicle at the intersection between the round conveyance carriage and the round trip carriage, which are AGVs.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a container terminal according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing II-II in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing the sea-side delivery area 44 of FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing IV-IV in FIG. FIG. 5 is a front view showing VV in FIG. FIG. 6 is a view showing the turning during the delivery of the container. FIG. 7 is a view showing the turning during the delivery of the container. FIG. 8 is a view showing a container terminal according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view showing IX-IX in FIG. FIG. 10 is a front view showing a conventional container terminal.

Hereinafter, a container terminal and a container terminal control method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the container terminal 10 has a ship 11 that pierces the quay 1, a quay crane 12 in the quay apron area 41, and a storage area 42 that has a longitudinal direction in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the quay crane 12. Lane 20 is provided. Further, in the storage area 42, a plurality of storage lanes 20, a first yard crane 13 (hereinafter referred to as the sea side yard crane 13) provided near the sea side that can reciprocate in the longitudinal direction across the storage lanes 20, A second yard crane 14 (hereinafter referred to as a land side yard crane 14) provided near the land side. Furthermore, the gate yard 43 is provided with a management building 15 and a gate 16 serving as an entrance to the outside.

Here, as an example, six storage lanes having a longitudinal direction in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the quay crane 12 are used, but depending on the container terminal 10, a storage lane having a longitudinal direction in the traveling direction of the quay crane 12, Also, the number of lanes can be varied. Furthermore, any number of quay cranes 12 may be installed for one ship 11, and the ship 11 is not limited to one. The container k is an ISO standard container having a width of 8 feet, a height of 8 feet, a length of 20 feet or 40 feet, but may be a container of other standards.

Further, in the container terminal 10, the orbiting carriage 31 runs on the quay apron area 42, the round-trip carriage 32 runs on the storage area 42, and the foreign chassis 33 runs on the gate yard 43. A circular path 34 in which the circular transport carriage 31 travels in an annular manner in the quay apron area 41 and a round-trip path 35 in which the reciprocating carriage 32 reciprocates in the longitudinal direction between adjacent areas of the storage lanes 20 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, a first delivery area 44 (hereinafter referred to as a sea-side delivery area 44) is provided in the quay apron area 41, and a storage area 42 is used to store containers that are mainly carried in from the sea side. And a carry-out container area 46 for storing containers mainly carried out from the land side, and a second delivery area 47 (hereinafter referred to as a land-side delivery area 47) is provided in the gate yard 43. The land-side delivery area 47 includes a safety fence 17 so that the foreign chassis 33 does not enter the storage area 42.

The carry-in container area 45 is an area where the foreign chassis 33 is loaded from the outside of the container terminal 10 and the container k loaded into the ship 11 is arranged. The carry-out container area 46 is unloaded from the ship 11 and the foreign chassis 33 is loaded. This is an area in which a container k to be carried out of the container terminal 10 is arranged. By classifying the containers k arranged in the storage lane 20 in this way, it becomes possible to perform highly efficient cargo handling.

And the delivery stand 50 is provided in the sea side delivery area 44. The sea-side delivery area 44 is an area where the circular transport carriage 31 and the reciprocating carriage 32 deliver the container k via the delivery platform 50, and the land-side delivery area 47 is a land-side yard crane where the round-trip carriage 32 and the foreign chassis 33 are connected. 14 is an area in which the container k is transferred via 14.

Next, the cargo handling operation of the container k performed at the container terminal 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. When loading / unloading the container k from the ship 11 to the carry-out container area 46 of the storage lane 20, the orbiting transport cart 31 transports the container k to the delivery platform 50. Then, the delivery stand 50 delivers the container k to the round trip carriage 32. The reciprocating carriage 32 that has received the container k travels on the reciprocating path 35 and waits at the designated position where the container k in the unloading container area 46 is placed, or the land-side yard crane 14. To the

yard cranes

13 and 14. Then, the round-trip carriage 32 that has delivered the container k to the

yard cranes

13 and 14 returns to the delivery platform 50 to transport the container again. This completes the operation of loading and unloading the container k from the ship 11. This operation is performed for all the designated containers k of the ship 11. The loading operation of the container k to the ship 11 is also the reverse of the above operation.

By the above operation, the container terminal 10 can reduce the movement of the

yard cranes

13 and 14 even if the container terminal 10 is arranged in the storage lane 20 with high cargo handling efficiency. This is because the circular transport carriage 31 and the reciprocating carriage 32 deliver the container k through the delivery platform 50 in the sea delivery area 44, so that the sea yard crane 13 does not move to the sea delivery area 44. This is because the

yard cranes

13 and 14 do not grab and run the container k. In addition, energy consumed by the container terminal can be suppressed by reducing the movement of the

yard cranes

13 and 14.

As shown in FIG. 3, a delivery path 36 is provided that allows the orbiting carriage 31 to enter the delivery platform 50. The delivery path 36 is a path that branches from the circulation path 34 to the delivery platform 50, and is formed so as to travel in a direction substantially orthogonal to the reciprocation path 35 when the circulation transport carriage 31 passes through the delivery platform 50. Yes. The delivery path 36 and the reciprocating path 35 intersect at a substantially right angle when the delivery platform 50 is provided. The intersection of the delivery route 36 and the round trip route 35 is an intersection.

The circular transport carriage 31 and the reciprocating carriage 32 are formed by an automatic guided carriage (hereinafter referred to as AGV). Since the orbiting conveyance cart 31 does not perform switchback running, the switchback running function and the safety sensor for avoiding collision on either the front or rear of the orbiting conveyance cart 31 can be omitted.

From the above configuration, the cost of the circulating transport cart 31 can be suppressed. Further, in traveling when transporting the container of the circular transport cart 31, it is possible to travel more smoothly when entering the delivery platform 50, and the container transport operation can be performed quickly.

As shown in FIG. 4, the reciprocating path 35 is formed by a pair of rails, and is embedded in the ground so that the rails do not protrude from the ground. And the traveling device 32b of the reciprocating carriage 32 is formed with wheels having flanges that can travel on rails. According to this configuration, since the reciprocating carriage 32 reciprocates along the rail, it is possible to omit a device for detecting the electromagnetic tape laid on the ground, and it is not necessary to bend only by reciprocating on the rail. The reciprocating carriage 32 can be manufactured with a carriage that is cheaper than AGV.

In addition, even if the traveling route of the circular transport carriage 31 and the traveling route of the reciprocating carriage 32 intersect, one of them is formed in a rail shape and embedded in the ground, so that the other traveling route is not disturbed. For example, when the delivery path 36 and the reciprocating path 35 are formed of electromagnetic tape, there is a problem in detecting the electromagnetic tape at the intersection, and a problem that the AGV does not run smoothly occurs. However, with the above-described configuration, even if the circular transport carriage 31 and the reciprocating carriage 32 are formed of AGV, one of the traveling paths is formed in a rail shape, so that the traveling paths do not cross each other. . For this reason, safety can be sufficiently maintained even if the traveling routes are crossed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the delivery platform 50 is provided in the sea-side delivery area 44 so as to straddle the intersection where the delivery route 36 on which the circular conveyance carriage 31 travels and the reciprocation route 35 on which the round-trip carriage 32 travels. The leg part 51, the upper apparatus 52, and the hanging tool 53 are provided. The leg portion 51 is formed so that the circular transport carriage 31 and the reciprocating carriage 32 can enter between the leg portions 51 so that the container k does not collide with the leg portions 51 even if the container k is swung between the leg portions 51. Moreover, since the leg part 51 does not need to travel, it is not necessary to provide a traveling device.

The upper device 52 can wind up and down the hanger 53. Although the spreader 53 is suitable for lifting and lowering the container k, it can be replaced with a hook block, a grab bucket, or a lifting magnet. In addition, the delivery platform 50 is not limited to the above-described configuration, and it is sufficient that the container k can be delivered to the circular transport carriage 31 and the reciprocating carriage 32, and a top lifter, a reach stacker, or the like can be used.

In addition, the upper device 52 is provided with a turning mechanism (not shown) for turning the lifting tool 53 about the central axis in the vertical direction. This turning mechanism includes, for example, a mechanism that rotates a plurality of wires that support the suspension 53 with a motor or the like, a mechanism that adjusts the lifting and lowering of the plurality of wires that support the suspension 53 and the suspension 53, and the like. Can be used. Or you may form the upper apparatus 52 by a turning trolley.

Next, the delivery operation of the container k in which the lifting tool 53 of the delivery platform 50 is turned will be described. As shown in FIG. 6A, the orbiting carriage 31 enters the delivery platform 50. At this time, the traveling direction of the circular transport carriage 31 is substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the reciprocating carriage 32, and the longitudinal direction of the container k is also the same direction. As shown in FIG. 6B, after the orbiting transport carriage 31 stops, the delivery platform 50 lowers the suspension member 53 and grips the container k. Next, as shown in FIG. 6C, after the container k is wound up, the container k is turned (see arrow). Then, as shown in FIG. 6 (d), the longitudinal direction of the container k is directed to the traveling direction of the reciprocating carriage 32. The circulating transport cart 31 that has delivered the container k travels as it is, and returns from the delivery route 36 to the circulating route 34.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7 (e), the carriage 32 is stopped so as to be positioned directly under the container k. Then, as shown in FIG. 7 (f), the hanger 53 of the delivery stand 50 is lowered, and the container k is delivered to the reciprocating carriage 32. The round-trip cart 32 that has received the container k travels as it is and carries the container k to the storage lane 20.

The same effect as described above can be obtained by the above operation. Further, as described above, some containers k have a length of 40 feet in the longitudinal direction, and when the container k is transported, the longitudinal direction thereof is set to the same direction as the traveling direction of the circular transport carriage 31 and the reciprocating carriage 32. It is preferable. Therefore, the suspension tool 53 of the delivery platform 50 is swung, the container k is swung, and the longitudinal direction of the container k is changed. In order to facilitate the traveling of the circular transport carriage 31 by the above-described operation, even if the traveling carriage 50 is moved in a direction substantially orthogonal to the traveling direction of the reciprocating carriage 32 when passing through the

delivery carriage

50, 53 turns, and the longitudinal direction of the container k can be adjusted to the traveling direction of the circular conveyance carriage 31 and the reciprocating carriage 32, so that the cargo handling efficiency can be increased.

Furthermore, since it is not necessary for the circular transport carriage 31 to perform switchback traveling, traveling can be performed smoothly and the container transportation efficiency can be increased. As a result, the number of the circular transport carts 31 can be reduced.

Next, the container terminal 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the first round trip path 35a on which the first round trip carriage 32a runs and the second round trip carriage 32b run between the adjacent first storage lane 20a and second storage lane 20b. And a second reciprocating path 35b. Similarly, each of the other storage lanes 20 is provided with two reciprocating carriages 32 and two reciprocating paths 35 between adjacent storage lanes 20.

In addition, a delivery stand 60 is provided in the container terminal 10 so as to straddle the intersection of the round transfer carriage 31, the first round trip carriage 32a, and the second round trip carriage 32b. The delivery stand 60 includes a leg portion 61, a trolley (upper device) 62, and a lifting tool 63. The leg portion 61 is formed so as to straddle the two

reciprocating carriages

32a and 32b and the

reciprocating paths

35a and 35b, and so as not to hit the leg portion 61 when the container k is turned. The trolley 62 is accompanied by the above-described turning mechanism and the suspension 63, and traverses on the leg portion 61 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the traveling direction of the

reciprocating carriages

32a and 32b.

According to the above configuration, if one delivery platform 60 is provided for the two rows of storage lanes 20a and 20b, the same cargo handling operation as described above can be performed. Therefore, the number of delivery platforms 60 provided in the container terminal 10 can be reduced and energy consumption can be further suppressed.

The

delivery platforms

50 and 60 are not limited to the above-described configuration, and may be configured to move the

upper devices

51 and 61 in the traveling direction of the reciprocating cart, in the embodiment, the sea-land direction. By doing so, it is not necessary to provide an intersection between the circular transport carriage 31 and the reciprocating carriage 32.

The terminal container of the present invention reduces the movement of the yard crane as much as possible when handling the container, and instead transports the container with a reciprocating carriage, so it can increase the handling efficiency and reduce energy consumption. The cost for the transport cart can be reduced. Therefore, it can be installed on a quay or the like and used as a base for marine transportation and land transportation.

1 quay
10 Container terminal
11 Ship
12 Quay crane
13 Seaside Yard Crane
14 Land side yard crane
15 Administration Building
16 gate
17 Safety fence
20 Storage lane
31 round-trip carriage 32 round-trip carriage 33 foreign chassis 34 round-trip path 35 round-trip path 41 quay apron area 42 storage area 43 gate yard 44 sea-side delivery area (first delivery area)
45 Loading container area 46 Unloading container area 47 Land side delivery area (second delivery area)
50, 60 delivery stand

Claims

In the container terminal that comprises a quay crane and a storage lane for placing the container in a predetermined position,
At least one reciprocating cart that reciprocates in the longitudinal direction in the adjacent area of the storage lane and transports the container, and the circular transport cart and the reciprocating cart deliver containers to the outside of the end of the storage lane. One delivery area,
A delivery platform comprising a lifting device for raising and lowering a container and a turning mechanism for turning the lifting device so as to straddle an intersection where the traveling route of the circular transport carriage and the traveling route of the reciprocating carriage intersect in the first delivery area. Container terminal characterized by providing.
The adjacent storage lane and the reciprocating carriage are arranged in the order of the first storage lane, the first reciprocating carriage, the second reciprocating carriage, and the second storage lane, and the path of the circular transport carriage and the path of the first round-trip carriage A crossover is provided so as to straddle the intersection of the route of the round transfer carriage and the route of the second round-trip carriage,
The lifting tool traverses in the direction substantially orthogonal to the traveling direction of the reciprocating carriage so that the delivery platform delivers containers to the orbiting transport carriage and the first reciprocating carriage or the second reciprocating carriage. The container terminal according to claim 1, further comprising a moving device.
3. The orbiting carriage and the reciprocating carriage are formed by an unmanned carriage, and either the circumference path or the reciprocating path is formed in a rail shape and embedded in the ground. Container terminal as described in.
In a control method of a container terminal, comprising a quay crane, a storage lane for placing a container at a predetermined position, and at least one yard crane straddling the storage lane, and a circular transport carriage transports the container,
Outside the end of the storage lane, a delivery platform is used to deliver containers between the circular transport carriage and the reciprocating carriage by lifting and lowering the suspension and turning the suspension, and an area adjacent to the storage lane. A control method for a container terminal, comprising a step of transporting a container to the delivery platform and the yard crane by reciprocating the carriage in the longitudinal direction.