JP2019206426A - Operation method of container terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an operation method of a container terminal allowing efficient cargo handling for automating cargo handling in the container terminal.SOLUTION: In an operation method of a container terminal 10 containing a vertical system storage region 16, a region from a quay 18 to a land side end part in the storage region 16 is determined as an automation region, and further, a delivery region 28 of a container 30 between an AGV (automated guided vehicle) 24 for conveying the container 30 and a foreign vehicle 34 is determined at the land side end part in the storage region 16. In the automation region, the AGV 24 for traveling a traveling lane 12 and a transfer crane 26 for delivering the container 30 between the AGV 24 and a storage block 14 are arranged, and in the AGV 24, the traveling lane 12 toward the land side is different from the traveling lane 12 returning the quay side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an operation method of a container terminal, and more particularly to an operation method of a container terminal suitable for automation and efficiency of handling of cargo in a storage area.

  Regarding the operation of container terminals, various attempts have been made to automate the transport of containers within the terminals. For example, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a parallel type container terminal in which storage blocks are arranged so that the traveling lane is parallel to the quay, but the entrance area of the foreign trailer is separated from the storage area. The automatic guided vehicle (AGV) runs on the storage area side.

  Further, the container terminals disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 relate to a container terminal that employs a vertical system in which storage blocks are arranged so that a traveling lane is configured substantially perpendicular to a quay. In the operation methods disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, the storage area and the entry area of the foreign trailer are separated. In the operation methods disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, the AGV is arranged in an area (apron) between the quay side end in the storage area and the gantry crane, and the transfer area is reciprocated with the transfer crane. A cart is arranged, and both end portions of the storage area are configured to be container delivery locations.

JP-A-9-150957 JP-A-2015-196556 JP 2016-47765 A

  According to the operation method disclosed in the above-mentioned patent document, it is considered that the storage area in the container terminal and the entry area of the foreign trailer are separated and automation can be achieved. However, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the moving range of the AGV is too wide, it is necessary to increase the number of arranged AGVs in order to increase the efficiency of handling. Further, in the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, since container delivery is performed at both ends of the storage area, the waiting time for delivery becomes longer, which is not effective in terms of efficient handling. There is a profit. For this reason, in any technique, it is difficult to increase the efficiency of handling.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a container terminal operating method that enables efficient cargo handling when automating cargo handling at the container terminal.

  In order to achieve the above object, the container terminal operation method according to the present invention is an operation of a container terminal having a vertical storage area in which storage blocks are arranged so that a traveling lane is formed from the quay to the land side. In this method, an area from the quay to the land side end in the storage area is defined as an automation area, and between the unmanned transport vehicle and the foreign vehicle that transports a container to the land side end in the storage area. A container transfer area is defined, and the automated area is provided with the automatic guided vehicle traveling in the traveling lane and a transfer crane for transferring the container between the automatic guided vehicle and the storage block. The automatic guided vehicle is characterized in that a traveling lane toward the land side and a traveling lane returning to the quay side are different.

  Further, in the container terminal operation method having the above characteristics, the automatic guided vehicle travels to the land side end in the travel lane regardless of whether or not a container is loaded, and is moved to another travel lane. . By having such a feature, the traveling route of the automatic guided vehicle can be a constant circulation route.

  In the container terminal operation method having the above characteristics, it is preferable that the traveling lane is defined as a traveling lane whose traveling direction is the land side and a traveling lane whose traveling direction is the quay side. By having such a feature, it is possible to eliminate a rubbing difference between automatic guided vehicles on a traveling lane.

  In the container terminal operation method having the above characteristics, the automatic guided vehicle may include a straddle carrier. By having such a feature, the container being transported can be temporarily placed on the travel path. In addition, a temporarily placed container can be gripped and transported.

  Further, in the container terminal operation method having the above characteristics, the straddle carrier can be a two-stage, one-stage clear type. By having such a feature, it is possible to pass the straddle carrier loaded with the container across the container temporarily placed on the traveling path.

  According to the container terminal operation method having the above characteristics, it is possible to efficiently handle cargo when automating cargo handling at the container terminal.

It is a figure for demonstrating the basic form about the operation method of the container terminal which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the 1st example of operation which concerns on the container conveyance by AGV. It is a figure for demonstrating the 2nd operation example which concerns on the container conveyance by AGV. It is a figure for demonstrating the 3rd operation example which concerns on the container conveyance by AGV. It is a figure for demonstrating the 4th example of operation which concerns on the container conveyance by AGV. FIG. 5 is a diagram of a straddle carrier traveling while gripping a container when an automatic guided vehicle employed for unloading is used as a straddle carrier. It is a figure which shows the state which a straddle carrier lifts a container and drive | works across the container placed in the travel path. It is a figure which shows an example about the form of the transfer crane employ | adopted as the operation method which concerns on embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the container terminal operation method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, the form shown below is only some forms for implementing this invention suitably. Therefore, even if the correspondence is changed within a range where the effect according to the embodiment can be obtained, it can be regarded as a part of the present invention.

[Basic operation mode]
As shown in FIG. 1, the container terminal 10 to which the container terminal operation method according to this embodiment is applied has the storage block 14 so that the traveling lane 12 extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the quay 18. A container terminal 10 having a so-called vertical storage area 16 arranged. In the following embodiment, in FIG. 1, the area from the quay 18 to the quay side end of the storage area 16 (area indicated by A) is “apron”, and the storage area 16 (area indicated by B) ) May be referred to as “inside the yard”, and a region on the land side of the storage region 16 from the land side end (region indicated by C) may be referred to as “foreign”. The apron and the yard are unmanned areas (automated areas), and the outpatient is a manned area, thereby automating the operation of the container terminal 10.

  On the quay 18, a ship (main ship 20) that loads or unloads the container 30 is anchored, and a gantry crane 22 for loading and unloading work on the main ship 20 is arranged. In the storage area 16, an AGV 24 and a transfer crane 26 are provided. A delivery area 28 is defined at the land side end in the storage area 16. The transfer area 28 is provided with an overhead crane 32 for transferring the container 30.

  The AGV 24 moves in the traveling lane 12 formed between the storage blocks 14 and is also an automatic guided vehicle that transports the container 30 that is transferred between the gantry crane 22, the transfer crane 26, and the overhead crane 32. It is. The transfer crane 26 is arranged so as to straddle the storage block 14, and transfers the container 30 loaded on the AGV 24 to the storage block 14 and unloads the container 30 from the storage block 14 to the AGV 24. It is a mounting machine and enables movement in the direction along the traveling lane 12 while straddling the storage block 14. The transfer crane 26 may be configured to be remotely operable. This is because it is a device deployed in the unmanned area.

  In the present embodiment, the AGV 24 has a traveling lane 12 when going to the land side (when going from the apron to the outside) and a side when going back to the quay 18 side (when going from the outside to the apron), as indicated by a dashed line in FIG. Unlike the traveling lanes 12), each traveling lane 12 is determined such that the traveling direction of the AGV 24 is either one. By adopting such a circulation-type traveling system, it becomes possible to arrange a plurality of AGVs 24 in one traveling lane 12, which has been difficult when the traveling lane 12 is a round-trip route, thereby improving the conveyance efficiency. Can be improved. Further, since there is no difference in the friction of the AGV 24, the avoidance operation can be eliminated from the traveling pattern of the AGV 24.

  Further, the AGV 24 in this embodiment travels to the land side end in the travel lane 12 regardless of whether the container 30 is loaded, makes a U-turn, travels in another travel lane 12, and returns to the quay 18 side. It is said. The traveling route of the AGV 24 is set as a circulation route, and the traveling lanes 12 that are different depending on the direction of travel are returned. Such an operation mode can also contribute to arranging a plurality of AGVs 24 in one traveling lane 12 and eliminating the frictional difference between the AGVs 24.

  Further, as can be seen from FIG. 1, the standby place of the foreign vehicle 34 in the delivery area 28 is provided at the end of the storage block 14 different from the storage block 14 in which the AGV 24 makes a U-turn. This is because the travel route of the AGV 24 does not overlap with the standby place or the travel route of the foreign vehicle 34 by adopting such an arrangement form.

[Container transport operation example]
As described above, the AGV 24 that travels on the circulation route can take various delivery forms for the conveyance of the container 30. For example, in the operation example shown in FIG. 2, the AGV 24 loaded with the container 30 unloaded from the ship 20 enters the travel lane (in the following operation example, referred to as the travel lane 12a for ease of explanation). The container 30 is transferred to the storage block 14 through the transfer crane 26 in the middle of the traveling lane 12a. The AGV 24 having transferred the container 30 to the storage block 14 travels in the traveling direction in the traveling lane 12a, and loads the container 30 (container 30 to be delivered to the foreign vehicle 34) carried out from the storage block 14 via the transfer crane 26. .

  The AGV 24 loaded with the container 30 to be carried proceeds in the traveling direction in the traveling lane 12a and stops at the transfer area 28 at the land side end. In the delivery area 28, the container 30 loaded on the AGV 24 is transferred to the foreign vehicle 34 via the overhead crane 32. The AGV 24 that has transferred the container 30 to the foreign vehicle 34 makes a U-turn and stops at the transfer area 28 at the land side end of the travel lane (referred to as travel lane 12b in the following operation example for ease of explanation). To do. In the transfer area 28 on the traveling lane 12 b side, the container 30 loaded on the foreign vehicle 34 is transferred to the AGV 24 via the overhead crane 32. The AGV 24 loaded with the container 30 in the delivery area 28 advances in the traveling lane 12b in the traveling direction, and transfers the container 30 to the storage block 14 through the transfer crane 26 in the traveling lane 12b.

  Next, the operation example shown in FIG. 3 is an example when the container 30 is unloaded from the ship 20. First, the AGV 24 that has entered the traveling lane 12a loads the container 30 that is unloaded from the storage block 14.

  The AGV 24 loaded with the container 30 to be carried proceeds in the traveling direction in the traveling lane 12a and stops at the transfer area 28 at the land side end. In the delivery area 28, the container 30 loaded on the AGV 24 is transferred to the foreign vehicle 34 via the overhead crane 32.

  The AGV 24 that transfers the container 30 to the foreign vehicle 34 makes a U-turn and stops at the transfer area 28 at the land side end of the traveling lane 12b. In the transfer area 28 on the traveling lane 12 b side, the container 30 loaded on the foreign vehicle 34 is transferred to the AGV 24 via the overhead crane 32. The AGV 24 loaded with the container 30 in the delivery area 28 advances in the traveling lane 12b in the traveling direction, and transfers the container 30 to the storage block 14 through the transfer crane 26 in the traveling lane 12b.

  The AGV 24 that has transferred the container 30 transferred from the foreign vehicle 34 to the storage block 14 further travels on the traveling lane 12b, and loads the container 30 to be unloaded to the ship 20 via the transfer crane 26.

  Next, in the operation example shown in FIG. 4, when cargo handling is not performed on the ship 20, that is, when the container 30 loaded in the storage block 14 is delivered to the foreign vehicle 34 (unloading), or carried by the foreign vehicle 34. This is an example in the case where the transferred container 30 is transferred to the storage block 14. First, the AGV 24 that has entered the traveling lane 12a loads the container 30 that is unloaded from the storage block 14.

  The AGV 24 loaded with the container 30 to be carried proceeds in the traveling direction in the traveling lane 12a and stops at the transfer area 28 at the land side end. In the delivery area 28, the container 30 loaded on the AGV 24 is transferred to the foreign vehicle 34 via the overhead crane 32.

  The AGV 24 that transfers the container 30 to the foreign vehicle 34 makes a U-turn and stops at the transfer area 28 at the land side end of the traveling lane 12b. In the transfer area 28 on the traveling lane 12 b side, the container 30 loaded on the foreign vehicle 34 is transferred to the AGV 24 via the overhead crane 32. The AGV 24 loaded with the container 30 in the delivery area 28 advances in the traveling lane 12b in the traveling direction, and transfers the container 30 to the storage block 14 through the transfer crane 26 in the traveling lane 12b.

  Furthermore, the operation example as shown in FIG. 5 is an example in the case where the unloading from the ship 20 and the unloading of the container 30 loaded on the storage block 14 are performed in parallel. In such an operation example, the AGV 24 loaded with the container 30 unloaded from the ship 20 enters the traveling lane 12a, and the container 30 is transferred to the storage block 14 via the transfer crane 26 in the traveling lane 12a. To do.

  The AGV 24 that is not scheduled to transfer the container 30 in the delivery area 28 travels to the land side end in the traveling lane 12a after unloading the container 30, makes a U-turn, enters the traveling lane 12b, and travels in the traveling direction. Drive towards. Thereafter, when there is a container 30 to be unloaded on the main ship 20 in the storage block 14 adjacent to the traveling lane 12b, the vehicle stops at a position below the transfer crane 26 located in the middle of the traveling lane 12b. The transfer crane 26 transfers the container 30 scheduled for unloading to the stopped AGV 24. The AGV 24 loaded with the container 30 transports the loaded container 30 to the cargo handling place for the ship 20.

[Action / Effect]
As described above, according to the container terminal operation method of the present invention, it is possible to first automate handling at the container terminal 10. Moreover, even if a plurality of AGVs 24 are arranged in one traveling lane 12 by making the traveling route of the AGV 24 a circulation route and eliminating the frictional difference due to the reciprocating movement, the AGV 24 can be efficiently traveled.

  Further, by making the traveling lane 12 of the AGV 24 different for going and returning, it becomes possible to transport different containers 30 for going and returning, which can contribute to efficient cargo handling.

[Application form: Straddle carrier]
In the above embodiment, the automatic guided vehicle used for the operation is simply described as AGV24. However, the automatic guided vehicle in the present invention is not limited to the AGV 24 as a general transport cart. Specifically, it is assumed that a straddle carrier 36 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is included.

  The straddle carrier 36 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is a so-called two-stage stacked, one-stage clear straddle carrier. The straddle carrier 36 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 includes a portal frame 36b provided with a drive wheel 36a and a spreader 36c for gripping the container 30, and the spreader 36c is connected to the beam portion 36b1 of the frame 36b. The structure suspended so that raising / lowering is possible is taken.

  When the straddle carrier 36 having such a configuration is used as an automatic guided vehicle, the container 30 temporarily placed on the travel path is gripped by the spreader 36c and suspended to travel as shown in FIG. The container 30 can be transported in the same manner as in this case.

  Moreover, according to the type of strado carrier 36 as shown in FIG. 6, the container 30 that is suspended as shown in FIG. The straddle carrier 36 loaded with the container 30 can be passed.

  Further, when the container 30 is transported by the straddle carrier 36, the container 30 can be gripped (suspended) and temporarily placed. For this reason, it is possible to move without waiting for the movement of the transfer crane 26 or the overhead crane 32 or the vacant space by temporarily placing the container 30 on the traveling path and moving it as necessary. Therefore, it is possible to operate more efficiently than when the automatic guided vehicle is AGV24.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the transfer crane 26 employ | adopted in the said embodiment enables the traversing cart 26b which suspends the spreader 26a for gripping the container 30 to move on the traveling lane 12 (12a, 12b). It is necessary. For this reason, the beam 26c to which the traversing carriage moves adopts an overhang type. Moreover, when employ | adopting the transfer crane 26 of such a form, it is good to comprise the transfer cranes 26 arrange | positioned at the adjacent driving | running | working lane 12 (storage block 14) so that the beam 26c may not contact. As an example, as shown in FIG. 8, the height of the beam 26c may be varied. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to avoid contact at the time of movement, and it is possible to cope with the transfer of the container to the left or right traveling lane 12 of the storage block 14 straddling.

10 ......... Container terminal, 12, 12a, 12b ......... Running lane, 14 ......... Storage block, 16 ......... Storage area, 18 ......... Quay, 20 ...... Vessel, 22 ......... Gantry crane 24 ......... AGV, 26 ......... Transfer crane, 26a ......... Spreader, 26b ......... Transverse cart, 26c ......... Beam, 28 ......... Delivery area, 30 ......... Container, 32 ......... Overhead crane 34 ......... External vehicle 36 ... Straddle carrier 36a ... Drive wheel 36b ... Frame 36b1 ... Beam part 36c ... Spreader.

Claims (5)

It is a method of operating a container terminal having a vertical storage area in which storage blocks are arranged so that a traveling lane is formed from the quay to the land side,
The area from the quay to the land side end in the storage area is defined as an automation area, and the container transfer area between the unmanned transport vehicle and the foreign vehicle that transports the container to the land side end in the storage area And
In the automated area, the automatic guided vehicle that travels in the traveling lane, and a transfer crane that delivers the container between the automatic guided vehicle and the storage block are arranged,
The method for operating a container terminal, wherein the automatic guided vehicle is different in a traveling lane toward the land side and a traveling lane returning to the quay side.   2. The container terminal operation according to claim 1, wherein the automatic guided vehicle travels to the land side end in the travel lane regardless of whether or not a container is loaded, and moves to another travel lane. Method.   3. The container terminal operating method according to claim 1, wherein the traveling lane is defined as a traveling lane whose traveling direction is on the land side and a traveling lane whose traveling direction is on the quay side.   The container terminal operating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the automatic guided vehicle includes a straddle carrier.   5. The container terminal operating method according to claim 4, wherein the straddle carrier is a two-stage, one-stage clear type.

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