JP4417115B2

JP4417115B2 - Hard metal alloy member and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: JP4417115B2
Application number: JP2003573189A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 和男小笠
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-03-01
Filing date: 2003-02-25
Publication date: 2010-02-17
Anticipated expiration: 2023-02-25
Also published as: JPWO2003074745A1; AU2003211455A1; WO2003074745A1

Description

【０００１】
【技術分野】
本発明は、電子部材、自動車／航空部材、理化学部材、医療部材、宝飾部材、楽器部材、食器部材、構造部材等に好適な硬質金属合金部材及び製造方法に関する。
【０００２】
【背景技術】
従来、金属材料として鉄（Ｆｅ）、銅（Ｃｕ）、アルミニウム（Ａｌ）、マグネシウム（Ｍｇ）、チタン（Ｔｉ）、亜鉛（Ｚｎ）、錫（Ｓｎ）、ベリリウム（Ｂｅ）、ジルコニウム（Ｚｒ）、金（Ａｕ）、プラチナ（Ｐｔ）、銀（Ａｇ）、パラジウム（Ｐｄ）等が知られており、各分野で使用されている。
【０００３】
上記金属材料は、各分野の用途に用いる場合に硬度やヤング率等の機械的性質、物理的特性、化学的特性、耐食性、変色等が必ずしも充分と言えない。また作業性が悪いという問題もある。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、上記金属材料の持つ特徴を維持して、これらの不具合な特性を改善、改良し、向上させるものであり、特に、硬度やヤング率等の機械的特性に優れた硬質金属合金部材及びその製造方法を提供することにある。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の一つの観点によれば、Ｇｄを５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＣｕおよび不可避不純物からなり、溶体化処理および時効処理が施されていることを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材が提供される。
【０００６】
本発明の他の観点によれば、ＧｄとＺｒを合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＣｕおよび不可避不純物からなり、溶体化処理および時効処理が施されていることを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材が提供される。
【０００７】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、Ｇｄを５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＦｅおよび不可避不純物からなり、溶体化処理および時効処理が施されていることを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材が提供される。
【０００８】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、ＧｄとＳｉを合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＦｅおよび不可避不純物からなり、溶体化処理および時効処理が施されていることを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材が提供される。
【０００９】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、Ｇｄを５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＡｌおよび不可避不純物からなり、溶体化処理および時効処理が施されていることを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材が提供される。
【００１０】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、ＧｄとＭｎを合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＡｌおよび不可避不純物からなり、溶体化処理および時効処理が施されていることを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材が提供される。
【００１１】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、Ｇｄを５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＭｇおよび不可避不純物からなり、溶体化処理および時効処理が施されていることを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材が提供される。
【００１２】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、ＧｄとＭｎを合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＭｇおよび不可避不純物からなり、溶体化処理および時効処理が施されていることを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材が提供される。
【００１３】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、Ｇｄを５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＣｕおよび不可避不純物からなる硬質金属合金で構成された素材を鋳造する工程と、その素材に対して溶体化処理を施す工程と、
その後、その素材に対して時効処理を施す工程とを有することを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材の製造方法が提供される。
【００１４】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、ＧｄとＺｒを合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＣｕおよび不可避不純物からなる硬質金属合金で構成された素材を鋳造する工程と、その素材に対して溶体化処理を施す工程と、その後、その素材に対して時効処理を施す工程とを有することを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材の製造方法が提供される。
【００１５】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、Ｇｄを５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＦｅおよび不可避不純物からなる硬質金属合金で構成された素材を鋳造する工程と、その素材に対して溶体化処理を施す工程と、その後、その素材に対して時効処理を施す工程とを有することを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材の製造方法が提供される。
【００１６】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、ＧｄとＳｉを合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＦｅおよび不可避不純物からなる硬質金属合金で構成された素材を鋳造する工程と、その素材に対して溶体化処理を施す工程と、その後、その素材に対して時効処理を施す工程とを有することを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材の製造方法が提供される。
【００１７】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、Ｇｄを５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＡｌおよび不可避不純物からなる硬質金属合金で構成された素材を鋳造する工程と、その素材に対して溶体化処理を施す工程と、その後、その素材に対して時効処理を施す工程とを有することを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材の製造方法が提供される。
【００１８】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、ＧｄとＭｎを合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＡｌおよび不可避不純物からなる硬質金属合金で構成された素材を鋳造する工程と、その素材に対して溶体化処理を施す工程と、その後、その素材に対して時効処理を施す工程とを有することを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材の製造方法が提供される。
【００１９】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、Ｇｄを５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＭｇおよび不可避不純物からなる硬質金属合金で構成された素材を鋳造する工程と、その素材に対して溶体化処理を施す工程と、その後、その素材に対して時効処理を施す工程とを有することを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材の製造方法が提供される。
【００２０】
本発明のさらに他の観点によれば、ＧｄとＭｎを合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有し、残部がＭｇおよび不可避不純物からなる硬質金属合金で構成された素材を鋳造する工程と、その素材に対して溶体化処理を施す工程と、その後、その素材に対して時効処理を施す工程とを有することを特徴とする硬質金属合金部材の製造方法が提供される。
【００２１】
本発明の硬質金属合金部材は、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性があり、加工し易く、作業性がよいことを特徴とする。加工し易いので、焼鈍なしで９０％以上の加工ができる。圧延方向を変えても割れが発生しない等の特徴を示す。伸びもある。
【００２２】
本発明の銅（Ｃｕ）合金部材は、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性があり、加工し易く、作業性がよい。高純度品は電気伝導性がよく電子材料として好適である。０．２ｍｍ以下板厚にしてもバネ性を示す。最新仕様のリードフレーム、コネクター、リレー、スイッチ等の部材仕様を満たす。
【００２３】
本発明の鉄（Ｆｅ）合金部材は、高純度で硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性を上げられ、加工し易く、作業性がよく、バネ性のある。高純度で酸化し難くなる高純度鉄Ｆｅを生かすことが可能である。鉄合金は、超強力、超耐熱、超耐食、超耐低温、超耐磨耗などの極限部材が得られれば、未来像としての期待は大きい。本発明の鉄Ｆｅ合金組成と製造方法が有益になる可能性を示している。
【００２４】
耐食性のある材料の高純度鉄は、高純度で硬度・引張強度があり、ヤング率が高く、バネ性があり、伸びのある特性を得ることによって、将来の部材への期待が大きい。
【００２５】
アルミニウム（Ａｌ）合金は軽量合金であり、本発明では、機械的特性、電気特性の優れているアルミニウム（Ａｌ）合金部材部材として適用される。本発明アルミニウムＡｌ合金は、高純度で硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性があり、加工し易く、作業性がよく、バネ性、電気伝導性もよい。本発明Ａｌ合金の用途は自動車、航空機、船舶、農機具、冷蔵庫、洗濯機、接点、ボンデングワイヤー等非常に多い。
【００２６】
マグネシウム（Ｍｇ）合金は軽量合金であり、本発明では、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、伸び等の機械的特性の優れたマグネシウム（Ｍｇ）合金部材として適用される。本発明のＭｇ合金部材は、ホイール、シートフレーム、パソコンボディ、携帯電話、ビデオカメラ筐体等の小物部品からヘリコプターの大物部品まで用途は広い。
【００２７】
銅（Ｃｕ）、アルミニウム（Ａｌ）、マグネシウム（Ｍｇ）等の合金は、硬度が高く、高温での耐熱性があり、引張強度も強く、機械特性のよいものが、工業材料、宝飾材料として求められている。銅（Ｃｕ）、アルミニウム（Ａｌ）等では、電子部材として電気抵抗の低い、機械強度のある高純度部材が求められている。
【００２８】
薄膜においても耐酸性と耐硫化性のある、耐食性を示す材料が求められている。食器、宝飾品でも酸化／酸化し難い材料が求められている。用途は限りなく多大である。
【００２９】
【発明を実施するための最良の形態】
本発明の第１の実施形態に係る貴金属合金部材は、Ａｕ含有量３７．５０〜９８．４５質量％、であり、ガドリニウムＧｄを単独、あるいはガドリウムＧと、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎの群から選択される少なくとも１種の元素とで構成さられる硬質化添加剤を合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた金合金で構成される。
【００３０】
このように金Ａｕ含有量を３７．５０〜９８．４５質量％、あるいは９８．４５質量％以上とし、ガドリニウムＧｄと他の元素と複合化してなる硬質化添加剤を適量添加することにより、加工を加えない鋳造合金であっても１１０Ｈｖ以上という高い硬度を示し、６０００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２という今までにない高いヤング率が得られる。ヤング率の高い金合金は９０００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上を示す。
【００３１】
Ｇｄは、体積含有率を考慮すると最も有効な硬質化元素であり、耐熱性の高い向上効果を示す。さらに、特に高いヤング率と強い引張強度が確保可能なことを見出した。このように、Ｇｄは、硬度、ヤング率、引張強度の向上が大きいためか、添加量は少量でよく、基合金の特徴を変化させずに、良好な特性をもつその合金部材を得ることができる。
【００３２】
対象とする金合金としては、金品位で９Ｋ（カラット）以上の合金であれば特に制限されず通常のものであれば適用可能である。基本的に銅等の耐食性の劣る元素を含まれていない場合には、良好な耐食性を示す。貴金属はもちろん、貴金属以外の合金元素を含む金合金であってもよい。上記硬質化添加剤は、既存のどのような金合金に対しても有効である。
【００３３】
次に、上記特性の合金部材の製造方法について説明する。
先ず、鋳造合金の場合には、上記組成の合金素材を鋳造し、その素材に対して所定温度に加熱後急冷する溶体化処理を施し、必要ならばその後所定温度で時効処理を施す。
【００３４】
次に、加工合金の場合には、上記組成の合金素材を鋳造し、その素材に対して所定温度に加熱後急冷する溶体化処理を施し、その素材を所定形状に加工し、その加工の前または後で前記素材に対して時効処理を施す。
【００３５】
この際の金合金素材を鋳造し、溶体化処理温度は５００℃〜２７００℃、時効処理温度は１００℃〜６００℃とすることが可能である。
【００３６】
本発明によれば、金純度よらず高硬度、強引張強度および高ヤング率を兼備した合金部材を得ることができる。従来の２４Ｋの金合金はヤング率が４０００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２程度であり、１８Ｋでは５８００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２程度であったが、本実施形態では、１８Ｋ合金では、ヤング率６０００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上を示し、高いものは７０００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上を示す。組成および条件を最適化することにより、ヤング率は９０００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上を示す。硬度についても、通常１８Ｋ（５／５）イエローの硬度は高くても２５０Ｈｖ程度であるが、本発明１８Ｋ合金の硬度は３７０Ｈｖ以上を示す。
【００３７】
金Ａｕ純度３７．８〜９９．４５質量％の場合、９９．４５％以上の場合、いずれも、高硬度、高ヤング率、強引張強度を得るために特に好ましい製造条件は、溶体化処理温度６００〜１０００℃、時効処理温度は１５０〜５５０℃である。
【００３８】
図１は９９．９５質量％の電解金を用いて、実施例１と実施例２の金合金を溶製した。先ず、鋳造機で８ｍｍφワイヤーに鋳造し、その後、鋳造素材を８００℃×１時間の条件で溶体化処理し、溝ロールとダイスで所定のサイズませ加工した。時効処理は加工前または後に２５０℃×３時間の条件で行った。比較例１はガドリニウムＧｄ、単独添加合金であり、比較例２は４Ｎ金Ａｕの高純度金である。
【００３９】
このように溶体化処理および時効処理を行うことにより、主にＧｄの作用および他の添加元素との相乗作用によって著しく硬化し、加工を加えない鋳造合金の場合でも１３０Ｈｖ以上、組成および条件を適切に選択すれば１５０Ｈｖ以上と従来よりも極めて大きな値とすることが可能である。加工合金の場合には加工率５０％以上で１５０Ｈｖ以上、加工率９０％以上で１８０Ｈｖ以上、高いものでは２００Ｈｖ以上の値を得ることが可能である。この際の加工率は任意の値とすることが可能であるが、９９．０％まで、更には９９．６％までの範囲が好ましい。
【００４０】
本発明の高純度金合金の硬度は１７０Ｈｖ以上のビッカス硬度を示し、耐熱性が有り、引張強度も８０ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上ある。更に、伸びも４％以上で、ヤング率も８６００以上、更に、９０００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上を示した。本発明処理によって、所定の伸びを確保しながら、硬度、引張強度およびヤング率を向上させることが出来ることを確認した。バネ性があり、加工し易く、作業性もよい。
【００４１】
適用される合金は特に限定されるものではないが、金Ａｕ合金に、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の元素を５０〜１５０００ｐｐｍ添加する添加合金として実施例３でＡｕ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｒ、実施例４でＡｕ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｎ例示され、その他にＡｕ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｒ、Ａｕ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｎ、Ａｕ―Ｇｄ−Ｉｎ、Ａｕ―Ｇｄ−Ｓｒ−Ｚｒの合金について試作評価したが、実施例１と実施例２と同様に、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上した。バネ性があり、加工し易く、作業性もよい
【００４２】
本発明の第２の実施形態に係る硬質貴金属合金部材は、プラチニウムＰｔ含有量が８５．０質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄとジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎからなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させたプラチナ合金で構成される。
【００４３】
実施形態のプラチニウム合金からなる貴金属合金部材は、ガドリニウムＧｄと、他の元素と複合してなる硬質化添加剤を適量添加し、上述のような処理を施すことにより、加工を加えない鋳造合金で１２０Ｈｖ以上の今までにない高い値を示した。また、加工の場合には、加工率５０％程度で１５０Ｈｖ以上、加工率９０％以上では、２００Ｈｖ以上の値を得ることが可能である。
【００４４】
プラチニウム合金は、ヤング率は高いが、硬度が低いという欠点があり、本発明が意図する用途に適用することが困難であるか、Ｃｕ等の元素を添加することにより、適用することができても、その硬度が必ずしも充分と言えないばかり、Ｃｕ等により耐食性や色調に問題が生じる。これに対して本発明は、上述のように高硬度・強引張強度にすることができる。８０００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上の高いヤング率を維持することができる。組成や製造条件を調整すると、高硬度と強引張強度を維持しつつヤング率を１０，０００ｋｇ／ｍｍ^２以上、さらに１５０００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２、２００００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上の極めて高い値とすることが可能である。
【００４５】
プラチウムＰｔ合金は、溶体化処理温度は６００〜２８００℃、時効処理温度は１５０〜７００℃が可能である。特に好ましい条件は溶体化処理温度が５００〜１６００℃、時効処理温度は１５０〜６００℃である。加工の際の加工効率は任意であるが、好ましい範囲は、第１の実施形態と同様である。
【００４６】
図３は、２０ｍｍ角の合金を鋳造し、１０００℃で１時間溶体化処理を行ない、５５０℃で３時間時効処理を行った。加工を加えない鋳造合金で１００Ｈｖ以上と１５０Ｈｖを得ることが可能である。加工率すると２０８Ｈｖ以上と２５０Ｈｖ以上である。比較例３として４ＮＰｔ地金、比較例４としてＰｔ−Ｒｈ合金を示した。８００℃×３０分熱処理でも実施例３が２３６Ｈｖ、実施例４が１９７Ｈｖを保持している。１４００℃でも１１７Ｈｖと９７Ｈｖを保持している。引張強度は８８．３ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２、破断伸びは２０％で大きい。
【００４７】
実施例３と実施例４は、硬度が２００Ｈｖ以上、引張強度が８５ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上である。耐熱性があり、ヤング率も１７００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上を示し、バネ性がある。硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上するが確認できた。加工し易く、作業性もよい。
【００４８】
適用される合金は特に限定されるものではないが、プラチニウムＰｔに、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の元素を５０〜１５０００ｐｐｍ添加する添加合金として実施例３でＰｔ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｒ−Ｚｒ、実施例４でＰｔ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｒが例示され、その他にＰｔ−Ｇｄ−酸化ジルコニウム、Ｐｔ−Ｇｄ−Ｒｈ、Ｐｔ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｒ、Ｐｔ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｎ、Ｐｔ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｎ、Ｐｔ−Ｇｄ−Ｉｎの合金について試作評価したが、実施例１と実施例２と同様に、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上した。バネ性があり、加工し易く、作業性もよい。
プラチニウムＰｔとパラジウムＰｄ、銅Ｃｕ、マンガンＭｎ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎからなる群から選択される少なくも１種以上の元素から構成されるＰｔ合金に上記元素を添加して添加合金を試作評価したが、上記Ｐｔの添加合金と同様に硬度、引張強度。ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示した。加工し易く、作業性もよい。
【００４９】
本発明の第３実施形態に係る硬質貴金属合金部材は、銀Ａｇ含有量が８５．０質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄとジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎからなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた銀合金で構成される。
【００５０】
銀Ａｇ合金は、溶体化処理温度は４５０〜２２００℃、時効処理温度は１００〜６００℃が可能である。特に好ましい条件は溶体化処理温度が５００〜１５５０℃、時効処理温度は１５０〜５００℃である。加工の際の加工効率は任意であるが、好ましい範囲は、第１の実施形態と同様である。
【００５１】
実施例５、６、７はガドリニウムＧｄとストロチウムＳｒを適量添加し、更にスズＳｎ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、インジウムＩｎをそれぞれに添加して、上述の処理を施すことによって、図３に示す硬度Ｈｖを得た。板加工後２５０℃×２時間処理後の硬度は１６９Ｈｖ〜１７６Ｈｖを示し。８００℃×３０分処理後の硬度は１１５Ｈｖ〜１２４Ｈｖを示した。引張強度は５２ｋｇ／ｍｍ^２〜６０ｋｇ／ｍｍ^２であった。ヤング率は９０００ｋｇ／ｍｍ^２以上であり、約１２％向上した。硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上した。バネ性があり、加工し易く、作業性もよい。
【００５２】
適用される合金は特に限定されるものではないが、銀Ａｇに、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の元素を５０〜１５０００ｐｐｍ添加する添加合金として実施例５でＡｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｒ−Ｓｎ、実施例６でＡｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｒ−Ｚｒ、実施例７でＡｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｒ−Ｉｎが例示され、その他にＡｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｒ、Ａｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｎ、Ａｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｎ、Ａｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｉｎの合金について試作評価したが、実施例１と実施例２と同様に、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上した。バネ性があり、加工し易く、作業性もよい。
【００５３】
比較例５は４Ｎ銀Ａｇ、比較例６は９２．５％Ａｇ合金である。
本発明高純度銀合金は、Ａｇ９２５銀合金相当以上の硬度と引張強度を示し、耐熱性もあることが分かった。本発明銀合金は、ヤング率は８５００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上を示し、その値は調整が可能である。
【００５４】
図５は、本発明銀合金の塩化ナトリウム連続噴霧テストと湿度９０％以上噴霧テスト結果である。概観変化無く、変色と腐食がされにくくなっていることが分かる。顕著な効果を示す。０．１０質量％以上のパラジウムＰｄを添加する耐硫化性が顕著に向上することが分かった。本発明銀Ａｇ合金ではＰｄ添加効果が顕著であることが分かった。パラジウムＰｄ０．０１％、０．１０％、１．００％、１０．００％添加で評価した。
【００５５】
本発明の第４実施形態に係る硬質貴金属合金部材は、金Ａｕ、銀Ａｇ、プラチニウムＰｔ、パラジウムＰｄ、ロジウムＲｈ、ルテニウムＲｕおよびオスミウムＯｓからなる貴金属元素群から選択された２種以上の元素で構成された貴金属合金に、ガドリニウムＧｄと、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎからなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤を合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させてなる。
【００５６】
本発明の第５実施形態に係る硬質貴金属合金部材は、金Ａｕ、銀Ａｇ、プラチニウムＰｔ、パラジウムＰｄ、ロジウムＲｈ、ルテニウムＲｕおよびオスミウムＯｓからなる貴金属元素群から選択された１種以上の元素で構成された貴金属合金に、ガドリニウムＧｄと、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎからなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤を合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させてなる。
【００５７】
本発明の第６実施形態に係る硬質貴金属合金部材は、金Ａｕ含有量が９９．４５質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄとジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎからなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた金合金で構成される。
【００５８】
実施形態に適用される合金は特に限定されるものでない。上記硬質化添加剤以外の成分も通常の貴金属合金に用いられるものであればどのようなものでもよく特に限定されない。つまり、上記硬質化添加剤は、既存のどのような貴金属合金に対しても有効である。これら実施形態に係る合金部材を製造する際にも第１の実地形態と同様である。鋳造の場合には、上記組成の合金素材を鋳造し、その素材に対して所定温度に加熱後急冷する溶体化処理を施す。その後必要に応じて所定温度で時効処理を施す。また、加工合金の場合には、上記組成の合金素材を鋳造し、その素材に対して所定温度加熱後急冷する溶体化処理を施し、その素材を所定形状に加工し、この加工前または加工後に前期素材に対して時効処理を施す。この際の溶体化処理温度は６００〜２７００℃、時効処理温度は１５０〜７００℃が可能である。特に好ましい条件は溶体化処理温度が５００〜１６００℃、時効処理温度は１５０〜６００℃である。加工の際の加工効率は任意であるが、好ましい範囲は、第１の実施形態と同様である。
【００５９】
本発明の第７の実施形態に係る硬質貴金属合金部材は、プラチナＰｔ含有量が９９．４５質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄとジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎからなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させたプラチナ合金で構成される。
【００６０】
本発明の第８の実施形態に係る硬質貴金属合金部材は、銀Ａｇ含有量が９９．４５質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄとジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎからなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた銀合金で構成される。
【００６１】
本発明の第９実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、銅Ｃｕ含有量が４０．００質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた銅合金で構成される。
【００６２】
銅Ｃｕ合金は、溶体化処理温度は６００〜２５００℃、時効処理温度は１５０〜７８０℃が可能である。特に好ましい条件は溶体化処理温度が６００〜１６００℃、時効処理温度は１５０〜６８０℃である。加工の際の加工効率は任意であるが、好ましい範囲は、第１の実施形態と同様である。
【００６３】
実施例８と実施例９は、銅Ｃｕからなる金属合金部材で、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとジルコニウムＺｒをそれぞれ適量添加し、上述の処理を施すことによって、図４の硬度Ｈｖと引張強度を得た。加工して３１５℃×２時間処理後の硬度は、２１９Ｈｖと２３０Ｈｖであった。８１０℃×３０処理後は１６０Ｈｖと１３１Ｈｖになった。引張強度は５３．２ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２であり、本発明高純度銅Ｃｕ合金は、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率が向上し、バネ性を示した。加工し易く、作業性もよい。ヤング率は１３５００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上を示し、この値は調整が可能である。
【００６４】
実施形態のＣｕ合金からなる金属合金部材は、ガドリニウムＧｄを単独、または他の元素と複合してなる硬質化添加剤を適量添加し、上述のような処理を施すことにより、加工を加えない鋳造合金で１２０Ｈｖ以上の今までにない高い値を示す。また、加工の場合には、加工率５０％程度で１５０Ｈｖ以上、加工率９０％以上では、２００Ｈｖ以上の値を示す。
【００６５】
比較例７は４Ｎ銅Ｃｕ、比較例８はＣｒ／Ｚｒ銅である。
ジルコニウムＺｒ元素を添加することによって、上述貴金属合金及び金属合金の特性が更に向上することが分かった。酸化ジルコニウムを添加しても顕著な特性向上が見られた。銅Ｃｕに、Ｃｕ以外の元素を５０〜１５０００ｐｐｍ添加する添加合金としては、Ｃｕ−Ｇｄ、Ｃｕ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｒが例示され、その他にＣｕ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｒ、Ｃｕ−Ｇｄ−Ｃａ、Ｃｕ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｒ、Ｃｕ―Ｇｄ−Ｓｎ、Ｃｕ―Ｇｄ−Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ―Ｇｄ−Ｉｎについて試作評価したが、実施例８と実施例９と同様に硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性の特性が向上し、バネ性を示した。加工し易く、作業性もよい。
【００６６】
銅Ｃｕと亜鉛Ｚｎ、スズＳｎ、アルミニウムＡｌ、ニッケルＮｉ、ベリリウムＢｅ、鉛Ｐｂ、マンガンＭｎ、インジウムＩｎからなる群から選択される少なくも１種以上の元素から構成されるＣｕ合金に上記元素を添加した添加合金を試作評価したが、上記Ｃｕの添加合金と同様に硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示した。加工しやすく、作業性もよい。
【００６７】
本発明の第１０実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、鉄Ｆｅ含有量が４０．００質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた鉄合金で構成される。溶体化処理は８２０℃×１時間行ない、時効処理は４８０℃×３時間行った。
【００６８】
鉄Ｆｅ合金は、溶体化処理温度は６００〜２８００℃、時効処理温度は１５０〜７００℃が可能である。特に好ましい条件は溶体化処理温度が６００〜２０００℃、時効処理温度は１５０〜７００℃である。加工の際の加工効率は任意であるが、好ましい範囲は、第１の実施形態と同様である。
【００６９】
実施例１０、実施例１１の鉄Ｆｅ合金の硬度は１２０Ｈｖと１５６Ｈｖであり。引張強度は８７と１２０ｋｇ／ｍｍ^２である。本発明鉄Ｆｅ合金の添加効果は、顕著である。４Ｎ鉄Ｆｅに添加しても耐食性、電気抵抗等の低下はほとんど見られなかった。硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示した。ヤング率は２２０００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上を示し、この値は調整が可能である。
比較例７は、９９．９４質量％高純度鉄である。
【００７０】
鉄Ｆｅに、Ｆｅ以外の元素を５０〜１５０００ｐｐｍ添加する添加合金としては、Ｆｅ−Ｇｄ、Ｆｅ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｉが例示され、その他にＦｅ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｒ、Ｆｅ−Ｇｄ−Ｃａ、Ｆｅ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｒ、Ｆｅ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｎ、Ｆｅ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ−Ｇｄ−Ｉｎ、Ｆｅ−Ｇｄ−Ｍｎについて試作評価したが、実施例８と実施例９と同様に硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示した。加工し易く、作業性がよい。
【００７１】
鉄Ｆｅと銅Ｃｕ、シリコンＳｉ、マンガンＭｎ、ニッケルＮｉ、クロムＣｒ、モリブデンＭｏ、コバルトＣｏからなる群から選択された少なくも１種以上の元素から構成されるＦｅ合金に上記元素を添加した添加合金を試作評価したが、上記Ｆｅの添加合金と同様に硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示した。加工し易く、作業性もよい。
【００７２】
本発明の第１１実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、アルミニウムＡｌ含有量が４０．００質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させたアルミニウム合金で構成される。
【００７３】
アルミニウムＡｌ合金は、溶体化処理温度は３００〜２０００℃、時効処理温度は５０〜４５０℃が可能である。特に好ましい条件は溶体化処理温度が５００〜１６００℃、時効処理温度は５０〜４００℃である。加工の際の加工効率は任意であるが、好ましい範囲は、第１の実施形態と同様である。
【００７４】
実施例１２と実施例１３のアルミニウムＡｌ合金の硬度は７６Ｈｖと１１５Ｈｖであり、引張強度は５５ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２と８１ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２である。本発明アルミニウムＡｌ合金は、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示した。加工し易く、作業性がよい。ヤング率は、７４００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上を示し、この値は調整が可能である。比較例１０は９９．９０質量％の高純度アルミニウムである。
【００７５】
アルミニウムＡｌに、Ａｌ以外の元素を５０〜１５０００ｐｐｍ添加する添加合金としては、Ａｌ−Ｇｄ、Ａｌ−Ｇｄ−Ｍｎが例示され、その他にＡＩ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｒ、Ａｌ−Ｇｄ−Ｃａ、Ａｌ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｒ、Ａｌ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｎ、Ａｌ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｎ、Ａｌ−Ｇｄ−Ｉｎ、Ａｌ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｉについて試作評価したが、実施例１０と実施例１１と同様に硬度、引張強度ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示した。加工し易く、作業性がよい。
【００７６】
アルミニウムＡｌと、銅Ｃｕ、鉄Ｆｅ、マンガンＭｎ、シリコンＳｉ、マグネシウムＭｇ、亜鉛Ｚｎ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎからなる群から選択された少なくも１種以上の元素から構成されるＡｌ合金に上記元素を添加した添加合金を試作評価したが、上記Ａｌの添加合金と同様に、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示し、加工しやすく、作業性もよい。
【００７７】
本発明の第１２実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、マグネシウムＭｇ含有量が４０．００質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させたマグネシウム合金で構成される。
【００７８】
マグネシウムＭｇ合金は、溶体化処理温度は２５０〜１０５０℃、時効処理温度は１１００〜５００℃が可能である。特に好ましい条件は溶体化処理温度が５００〜１０００℃、時効処理温度は１００〜４５０℃である。加工の際の加工効率は任意であるが、好ましい範囲は、第１の実施形態と同様である。
実施例１４、１５のマグネシウムＭｇの硬度は８１Ｈｖと１２１Ｈｖであり、引張強度は５２ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２と８０である。溶体化処理は３９０℃×１０時間、時効処理は２６０℃×５時間行った。本発明マグネシウムＭｇ合金は、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示した。加工し易く、作業性もよい。ヤング率は４４００ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ^２以上であり、約１５％向上した。比較例１１と比較例１２は、純度９９．８と９９．９９質量％の高純度マグネシウムである。
【００７９】
マグネシウムＭｇに、Ｍｇ以外の元素を５０〜１５０００ｐｐｍ添加する添加合金としては、Ｍｇ−Ｇｄ、Ｍｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｍｎが例示され、その他にＭｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｒ、Ｍｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｃａ、Ｍｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｒ、Ｍｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｎ、Ｍｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｚｎ、Ｍｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｉｎ、Ｍｇ−Ｇｄ−Ｓｉについて試作評価したが、実施例１４と実施例１５と同様に硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示した。加工し易く、作業性もよい。
【００８０】
マグネシウムＭｇとアルミニウムＡｌ、鉄Ｆｅ、亜鉛Ｚｎ、マンガンＭｎ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、銅Ｃｕ、リチウムＬｉ、シリコンＳｉからなる群から選択された少なくも１種以上の元素から構成されるＭｇ合金に上記元素を添加した添加合金を試作評価したが、上記Ｍｇの添加合金と同様に硬度、引張強度、ヤング率、耐熱性が向上し、バネ性を示した。
熱処理方法は、バッチ処理方式と連続処理方式がある。
【００８１】
本発明の第１３実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、銅Ｃｕ含有量が７０．００質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた銅合金で構成される。
【００８２】
本発明の第１４実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、鉄Ｆｅ含有量が７０．００質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた鉄合金で構成される。
【００８３】
本発明の第１５実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、アルミニウムＡｌ含有量が７０．００質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させたアルミニウム合金で構成される。
【００８４】
本発明の第１６実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、マグネシウムＭｇ含有量が７０．００質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させたマグネシウム合金で構成される。
【００８５】
本発明の第１７実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、銅Ｃｕ含有量が９９．４５質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた銅合金で構成される。
【００８６】
本発明の第１８実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、鉄Ｆｅ含有量が９９．４５質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた鉄合金で構成される。
【００８７】
本発明の第１９実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、アルミニウムＡｌ含有量が９９．４５質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させたアルミニウム合金で構成される。
【００８８】
本発明の第２０実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、マグネシウムＭｇ含有量が９９．４５質量％以上であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独、ガドリニウムＧｄとＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎか鉛Ｐｂ、ニッケルＮｉらなる群から選択される少なくも１種の元素で構成された硬質化添加剤合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させたマグネシウム合金で構成される。
【００８９】
鋳造の場合には、上記組成の合金素材を鋳造し、その素材に対して所定温度に加熱後急冷する溶体化処理を施す。その後必要に応じて所定温度で時効処理を施す。また、加工合金の場合には、上記組成の合金素材を鋳造し、その素材に対して所定温度加熱後急冷する溶体化処理を施し、その素材を所定形状に加工し、この加工前または加工後に前期素材に対して時効処理を施す。
【００９０】
貴金属合金のガドリニウムＧｄ複合添加剤として、新にジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎ、マンガンＭｎ使用し、試作評価したところ、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率等が向上し、バネ性があり、加工し易く、作業性もよかった。その効果が顕著であることが分かった。
【００９１】
銅Ｃｕ合金、鉄Ｆｅ合金、アルミニウムＡｌ合金およびマグネシウムＭｇ合金について、Ｇｄと希土類元素、Ｇｄとアルカリ土類元素について、それぞれ複合添加して、試作評価したが、硬度、引張硬度、ヤング率等が向上した。バネ性があり、加工し易く、作業性もよかった。更に、ＧｄとカルシウムＣａ、ストロンチウムＳｒ、シリコンＳｉ、ベリリウムＢｅ、ボロンＢ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、インジウムＩｎ、マンガンＭｎの複合添加でも同様な結果が得られ、顕著な上記と同じ効果が見られることが分かった。
【００９２】
本発明の実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、金Ａｕ、プラチナＰｔ、銀Ａｇ、銅Ｃｕ、鉄Ｆｅ、アルミニウムＡｌ、マグネシウムＭｇ等の含有量が３７．５０〜９９．９９５質量％であり、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独の、あるいはガドリニウムＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、アルミニウムＡｌ、マンガンＭｎ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、亜鉛Ｚｎ、インジウムＩｎ、ボロンＢからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種の元素とで構成される硬質化添加剤を合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた金属合金で構成される。
【００９３】
更に、本発明の実施形態に係る硬質金属合金部材は、金Ａｕ、プラチナＰｔ合金、銀Ａｇ合金、銅Ｃｕ合金、鉄Ｆｅ合金、アルミニウムＡｌ合金、マグネシウムＭｇ合金からなる金属合金群から選択された少なくも１種以上の金属合金に、ガドリニウムＧｄ単独の、あるいはガドリニウムＧｄ以外の希土類元素、アルカリ土類元素、シリコンＳｉ、アルミニウムＡｌ、マンガンＭｎ、ジルコニウムＺｒ、スズＳｎ、亜鉛Ｚｎ、インジウムＩｎ、ボロンＢからなる群から選択される少なくとも１種の元素とで構成される硬質化添加剤を合計で５０ｐｐｍ以上１５０００ｐｐｍ未満の範囲で含有させた金属合金で構成される。
【００９４】
このように金属の含有率を３７．５％〜９９．９９５質量％とし、ガドリニウムＧｄを単独、または他の元素と複合化してなる硬質化添加剤を適量添加することにより、加工を加えない鋳造合金であっても従来にない高い硬度が得られるとともに、今までにない高い硬度、ヤング率、引張強度、耐熱性、作業性を得ることができる。
【００９５】
ガドリニウムＧｄは、体積占有率を考慮すると最も有効な硬質化元素であり、耐熱性の向上も顕著である。特に、Ｇｄを添加することにより極めて高いヤング率が得られることを見出した。このようにＧｄは硬度、ヤング率、引張強度の向上効果が大きいため、添加量は少量でよく，基合金の色調を変化させないで良好な色調を得ることができる。更に添加量が少量で占有体積が小さいので、基合金特有の特性を生かすことができる。
【００９６】
硬質化添加剤としての効果はＧｄ単体で発揮されるが、Ｇｄ以外の上記元素からなる群から選択される少なくとも１種の元素と複合添加することによる相乗効果によって優れた特性を得ることができる。
【００９７】
本発明の硬質金属部材は、硬度が高くかつ耐食性が良好であるため、耐久性に優れている。また、ヤング率が高くバネ性があり、引張強度も強く脆さがない。そして、このような優れた機械的特性を有するため、軽量化及び薄形化が可能である。更に、良好な色調を有しており、更に加工性が良好で作業性がよい。
【００９８】
本発明の金属合金部材は、硬度、引張強度、ヤング率が向上し、バネ性があり、伸び等もあり、加工し易く、作業性がよい。従来の合金部材とは異なる。更に、これらの特性をユーザーの好みに応じて調整できることが大きな特徴である。
【００９９】
従って、上記元素の超高性能の貴金属合金／金属合金とユーザーの好みに応じて調整した個性的な貴金属合金／金属合金が得られるのが最大の特徴である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】硬質合金部材としての金Ａｕ合金部材、プラチナＰｔ合金部材、銀Ａｇ合金部材、及び銅Ｃｕ合金部材の組成を示す図。
【図２】金Ａｕ合金部材の硬度、引張強度、伸び、及び軟化特性を示す図。
【図３】プラチナＰｔ合金部材の硬度、引張強度、伸び、及び軟化特性を示す図。
【図４】銀Ａｇ合金部材の硬度、引張強度、及び軟化特性を示す図。
【図５】硬質金属合金部材としての銅Ｃｕ合金部材の硬度、引張強度、及び軟化特性を示す図。
【図６】硬質金属合金部材としての銀Ａｇ合金の変色性と耐食性の改善効果を示す図。
【図７】硬質金属合金部材としての鉄Ｆｅ合金部材、アルミニウムＡｌ合金部材、マグネシウムＭｇ合金部材の組成を示す図。
【図８】硬質金属合金部材としての鉄Ｆｅ合金、アルミニウムＡｌ合金、マグネシウムＭｇ合金の硬度と引張強度特性を示す図。[0001]
【Technical field】
  The present invention is suitable for electronic members, automobile / aviation members, physics and chemistry members, medical members, jewelry members, musical instrument members, tableware members, structural members, etc.HardThe present invention relates to a metal alloy member and a manufacturing method.
[0002]
[Background]
  Conventionally, iron (Fe), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti), zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), beryllium (Be), zirconium (Zr), as metal materials Gold (Au), platinum (Pt), silver (Ag), palladium (Pd), etc. are known and used in various fields.
[0003]
  When the metal material is used in applications in various fields, it cannot be said that mechanical properties such as hardness and Young's modulus, physical properties, chemical properties, corrosion resistance, and discoloration are sufficient. There is also a problem that workability is poor.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  The purpose of the present invention is to maintain the characteristics of the metal material and improve, improve, and improve these defective characteristics.In particular, it is to provide a hard metal alloy member having excellent mechanical properties such as hardness and Young's modulus, and a method for producing the same.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  According to one aspect of the present invention,There is provided a hard metal alloy member characterized in that it contains Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the remainder is made of Cu and inevitable impurities, and is subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment.
[0006]
According to another aspect of the present invention, Gd and Zr are contained in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance is made of Cu and inevitable impurities, and solution treatment and aging treatment are performed. A hard metal alloy member is provided.
[0007]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a hard metal containing Gd in a range of 50 ppm to less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment An alloy member is provided.
[0008]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, Gd and Si are contained in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance is made of Fe and inevitable impurities, and solution treatment and aging treatment are performed. A hard metal alloy member is provided.
[0009]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a hard metal containing Gd in a range of 50 ppm to less than 5000 ppm, the balance being made of Al and inevitable impurities, and subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment An alloy member is provided.
[0010]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, Gd and Mn are contained in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance is made of Al and inevitable impurities, and solution treatment and aging treatment are performed. A hard metal alloy member is provided.
[0011]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a hard metal containing Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Mg and inevitable impurities, and subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment An alloy member is provided.
[0012]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, Gd and Mn are contained in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance is made of Mg and inevitable impurities, and solution treatment and aging treatment are performed. A hard metal alloy member is provided.
[0013]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities, and the material Applying a solution treatment;
Then, the manufacturing method of the hard metal alloy member characterized by having the process of performing an aging treatment with respect to the raw material is provided.
[0014]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd and Zr in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, with the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities, and There is provided a method for producing a hard metal alloy member comprising a step of subjecting a raw material to a solution treatment and a step of subjecting the raw material to an aging treatment thereafter.
[0015]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and the material There is provided a method for producing a hard metal alloy member comprising a step of performing a solution treatment and a step of performing an aging treatment on the material.
[0016]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd and Si in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and There is provided a method for producing a hard metal alloy member comprising a step of subjecting a raw material to a solution treatment and a step of subjecting the raw material to an aging treatment thereafter.
[0017]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, and the material There is provided a method for producing a hard metal alloy member comprising a step of performing a solution treatment and a step of performing an aging treatment on the material.
[0018]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd and Mn in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, There is provided a method for producing a hard metal alloy member comprising a step of subjecting a raw material to a solution treatment and a step of subjecting the raw material to an aging treatment thereafter.
[0019]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Mg and inevitable impurities, and the material There is provided a method for producing a hard metal alloy member comprising a step of performing a solution treatment and a step of performing an aging treatment on the material.
[0020]
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd and Mn in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, with the balance being Mg and inevitable impurities, There is provided a method for producing a hard metal alloy member comprising a step of subjecting a raw material to a solution treatment and a step of subjecting the raw material to an aging treatment thereafter.
[0021]
  The hard metal alloy member of the present invention is characterized by improved hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, heat resistance, springiness, easy processing, and good workability. Since it is easy to process, 90% or more of processing can be performed without annealing. Features such as no cracking even if the rolling direction is changed. There is also growth.
[0022]
  Of the present inventionCopper (Cu) alloy memberHas hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance, is easy to process, and has good workability. High-purity products have good electrical conductivity and are suitable as electronic materials. Even if the plate thickness is 0.2 mm or less, the spring property is exhibited. Meets the latest specifications for lead frames, connectors, relays, switches, and other components.
[0023]
  Of the present inventionIron (Fe) alloy memberHas high purity, increased hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance, is easy to work, has good workability, and has a spring property. It is possible to make use of high-purity iron Fe that is highly pure and difficult to oxidize. An iron alloy has great expectations for its future image if extreme members such as super strength, super heat resistance, super corrosion resistance, super low temperature resistance, and super wear resistance can be obtained. The iron-Fe alloy composition and manufacturing method of the present invention show the potential for benefit.
[0024]
  High-purity iron, which is a corrosion-resistant material, has high purity, hardness and tensile strength, high Young's modulus, springiness, and high elongation, so there are high expectations for future members.
[0025]
  Aluminum (Al) alloy is a lightweight alloy, and in the present invention,Excellent mechanical and electrical propertiesApplied as aluminum (Al) alloy member. The aluminum Al alloy of the present invention has high purity, hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance, is easy to process, has good workability, and has good springiness and electrical conductivity. The use of the Al alloy of the present invention is very many such as automobiles, airplanes, ships, agricultural equipment, refrigerators, washing machines, contacts, and bonding wires.
[0026]
  Magnesium (Mg) alloy is a lightweight alloy, and in the present invention,Excellent mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus and elongationIt is applied as a magnesium (Mg) alloy member. Mg alloy member of the present inventionHas a wide range of applications from small parts such as wheels, seat frames, personal computer bodies, mobile phones, and video camera casings to large parts of helicopters.
[0027]
  Copper (Cu), Aluminum (Al), Magnesium (Mg)Alloys such as those having high hardness, heat resistance at high temperatures, strong tensile strength, and good mechanical properties are required as industrial materials and jewelry materials.Copper (Cu), Aluminum (Al)Etc., a high-purity member having low mechanical resistance and mechanical strength is required as an electronic member.
[0028]
  There is a demand for a material exhibiting corrosion resistance and acid resistance and sulfidation resistance even in a thin film. There is a demand for materials that are difficult to oxidize / oxidize even in tableware and jewelry. Applications are enormous.
[0029]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  The noble metal alloy member according to the first embodiment of the present invention has an Au content of 37.50 to 98.45.mass50% or more and less than 15000 ppm in total, consisting of gadolinium Gd alone or gadolinium G and at least one element selected from the group consisting of zirconium Zr, tin Sn, and indium In It is comprised with the gold alloy contained in the range.
[0030]
  Thus, the gold Au content is 37.50 to 98.45.mass%, Or 98.45mass% Or more, and by adding an appropriate amount of a hardening additive compounded with gadolinium Gd and other elements, even a cast alloy without any processing shows a high hardness of 110 Hv or more, 6000 kgf / mm²A high Young's modulus that has never been achieved. Gold alloy with high Young's modulus is 9000kgf / mm²The above is shown.
[0031]
  Gd is the most effective hardening element in view of the volume content, and exhibits an improvement effect with high heat resistance. Furthermore, it has been found that a particularly high Young's modulus and strong tensile strength can be secured. As described above, Gd has a large improvement in hardness, Young's modulus, and tensile strength, so the addition amount may be small, and an alloy member having good characteristics can be obtained without changing the characteristics of the base alloy. it can.
[0032]
  The target gold alloy is not particularly limited as long as it is an alloy having a gold quality of 9K (carat) or more, and any normal alloy can be applied. Basically, when an element with poor corrosion resistance such as copper is not included, good corrosion resistance is exhibited. A gold alloy containing an alloy element other than a noble metal may be used as well as a noble metal. The hardening additive is effective for any existing gold alloy.
[0033]
  Next, a method for producing an alloy member having the above characteristics will be described.
  First, in the case of a cast alloy, an alloy material having the above composition is cast, and the material is subjected to a solution treatment that is heated to a predetermined temperature and then rapidly cooled, and if necessary, an aging treatment is then performed at a predetermined temperature.
[0034]
  Next, in the case of a processed alloy, an alloy material having the above composition is cast, subjected to a solution treatment for heating to a predetermined temperature and then rapidly cooling, processing the material into a predetermined shape, and before the processing Alternatively, an aging treatment is applied to the material later.
[0035]
  The gold alloy material at this time is cast, and the solution treatment temperature can be 500 ° C. to 2700 ° C., and the aging treatment temperature can be 100 ° C. to 600 ° C.
[0036]
  According to the present invention, an alloy member having high hardness, high tensile strength, and high Young's modulus can be obtained regardless of gold purity. Conventional 24K gold alloy has a Young's modulus of 4000 kgf / mm²It is about 5800kgf / mm at 18K²In this embodiment, the Young's modulus is 6000 kgf / mm for the 18K alloy.²The above shows high, 7000kgf / mm²The above is shown. By optimizing the composition and conditions, the Young's modulus is 9000 kgf / mm.²The above is shown. Regarding the hardness, the hardness of 18K (5/5) yellow is usually about 250 Hv at the highest, but the hardness of the 18K alloy of the present invention is 370 Hv or more.
[0037]
  Gold Au purity 37.8-99.45mass%, In the case of 99.45% or more, in any case, particularly preferable production conditions for obtaining high hardness, high Young's modulus, and strong tensile strength are solution treatment temperature of 600 to 1000 ° C. and aging treatment temperature of 150 to 550 ° C.
[0038]
  FIG. 1 shows 99.95.massThe gold alloy of Example 1 and Example 2 was melted using% electrolytic gold. First, an 8 mmφ wire was cast with a casting machine, and then the cast material was subjected to a solution treatment under conditions of 800 ° C. × 1 hour, and processed into a predetermined size with a grooved roll and a die. The aging treatment was performed under conditions of 250 ° C. × 3 hours before or after processing. Comparative Example 1 is gadolinium Gd, a single additive alloy, and Comparative Example 2 is high purity gold of 4N gold Au.
[0039]
  By performing solution treatment and aging treatment in this manner, the composition and conditions are appropriately set to 130 Hv or higher even in the case of a cast alloy that is hardened mainly by the action of Gd and the synergistic action with other additive elements, and that is not subjected to processing. If it is selected, it is possible to set the value to 150 Hv or higher, which is much larger than the conventional value. In the case of a work alloy, it is possible to obtain a value of 150 Hv or more at a work rate of 50% or more, 180 Hv or more at a work rate of 90% or more, and 200 Hv or more at a high work rate. The processing rate at this time can be set to an arbitrary value, but is preferably in the range of up to 99.0%, more preferably up to 99.6%.
[0040]
  The high-purity gold alloy of the present invention has a hardness of 170 Hv or more, heat resistance, and a tensile strength of 80 kgf / mm.²That is all. Furthermore, the elongation is 4% or more, the Young's modulus is 8600 or more, and 9000 kgf / mm.²The above is shown. It was confirmed that the hardness, tensile strength, and Young's modulus can be improved while securing a predetermined elongation by the treatment of the present invention. It has springiness, is easy to process, and has good workability.
[0041]
  The alloy to be applied is not particularly limited, but Au—Gd—Zr in Example 3 and Au in Example 4 are added alloys in which elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd are added to gold Au alloy in an amount of 50 to 15000 ppm. -Gd-Sn was exemplified, and in addition, Au-Gd-Sr, Au-Gd-Zn, Au-Gd-In, and Au-Gd-Sr-Zr alloys were experimentally evaluated. Similarly, hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance were improved. Spring property, easy to process, good workability
[0042]
  The hard noble metal alloy member according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a platinum platinum Pt content of 85.0% by mass or more, and is at least selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, and indium In. It is comprised with the platinum alloy contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm in total with the hardening additive comprised by 1 type of element.
[0043]
  The noble metal alloy member made of the platinum alloy of the embodiment is a cast alloy that does not add any processing by adding an appropriate amount of gadolinium Gd and a hardening additive combined with other elements and performing the above-described treatment. It showed an unprecedented high value of 120 Hv or higher. In the case of machining, it is possible to obtain a value of 150 Hv or more at a machining rate of about 50%, and a value of 200 Hv or more at a machining rate of 90% or more.
[0044]
  Platinium alloy has a high Young's modulus, but has a drawback of low hardness, and it is difficult to apply to the intended use of the present invention, or it can be applied by adding an element such as Cu. However, the hardness is not always sufficient, and Cu and the like cause problems in corrosion resistance and color tone. In contrast, the present invention can achieve high hardness and high tensile strength as described above. 8000kgf / mm²The above high Young's modulus can be maintained. By adjusting the composition and manufacturing conditions, the Young's modulus is 10,000 kg / mm while maintaining high hardness and high tensile strength.²Above, further 15000kgf / mm², 20000kgf / mm²These extremely high values can be obtained.
[0045]
  The platinum Pt alloy can have a solution treatment temperature of 600 to 2800 ° C and an aging treatment temperature of 150 to 700 ° C. Particularly preferred conditions are a solution treatment temperature of 500 to 1600 ° C and an aging treatment temperature of 150 to 600 ° C. The processing efficiency at the time of processing is arbitrary, but the preferable range is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0046]
  In FIG. 3, a 20 mm square alloy was cast, subjected to solution treatment at 1000 ° C. for 1 hour, and subjected to aging treatment at 550 ° C. for 3 hours. It is possible to obtain 100 Hv or more and 150 Hv with a cast alloy without any processing. The processing rate is 208 Hv or more and 250 Hv or more. As Comparative Example 3, a 4NPt metal was shown, and as Comparative Example 4, a Pt—Rh alloy was shown. Even in heat treatment at 800 ° C. for 30 minutes, Example 3 maintains 236 Hv and Example 4 maintains 197 Hv. 117Hv and 97Hv are maintained even at 1400 ° C. Tensile strength is 88.3 kgf / mm²The elongation at break is large at 20%.
[0047]
  In Examples 3 and 4, the hardness is 200 Hv or more and the tensile strength is 85 kgf / mm.²That's it. Heat resistance and Young's modulus is 1700kgf / mm²As shown above, there is springiness. It was confirmed that the hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance were improved. Easy to process and good workability.
[0048]
  The alloy to be applied is not particularly limited, but Pt—Gd—Sr—Zr in Example 3 as an additive alloy in which elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd are added to platinum Pt in Example 3 and Example 4 Pt-Gd-Zr is exemplified, and other alloys such as Pt-Gd-zirconium oxide, Pt-Gd-Rh, Pt-Gd-Zr, Pt-Gd-Sn, Pt-Gd-Zn, and Pt-Gd-In Although the prototype evaluation was made, the hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance were improved as in Example 1 and Example 2. It has springiness, is easy to process, and has good workability.
Trial evaluation of the added alloy was performed by adding the above elements to a Pt alloy composed of at least one element selected from the group consisting of platinum Pt and palladium Pd, copper Cu, manganese Mn, tin Sn, and indium In. However, the hardness and tensile strength are the same as those of the Pt-added alloy. The Young's modulus and heat resistance were improved and spring properties were exhibited. Easy to process and good workability.
[0049]
  The hard noble metal alloy member according to the third embodiment of the present invention has a silver Ag content of 85.0.mass%, And a total amount of hardening additives composed of at least one element selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, and indium In is contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm. Composed of alloy.
[0050]
  The silver Ag alloy can have a solution treatment temperature of 450 to 2200 ° C and an aging treatment temperature of 100 to 600 ° C. Particularly preferable conditions are a solution treatment temperature of 500 to 1550 ° C. and an aging treatment temperature of 150 to 500 ° C. The processing efficiency at the time of processing is arbitrary, but the preferable range is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0051]
  In Examples 5, 6, and 7, gadolinium Gd and strontium Sr are added in appropriate amounts, and tin Sn, zirconium Zr, and indium In are added to each of them, and the above-described treatment is performed to obtain the hardness Hv shown in FIG. It was. The hardness after plate processing at 250 ° C. × 2 hours is 169 Hv to 176 Hv. The hardness after treatment at 800 ° C. for 30 minutes was 115 Hv to 124 Hv. Tensile strength is 52kg / mm²~ 60kg / mm²Met. Young's modulus is 9000 kg / mm²This is an improvement of about 12%. Hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance were improved. It has springiness, is easy to process, and has good workability.
[0052]
  The alloy to be applied is not particularly limited, but Ag-Gd-Sr-Sn in Example 5 is used as an additive alloy in which elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd are added to silver Ag in Example 5, and in Example 6. Ag-Gd-Sr-Zr, Ag-Gd-Sr-In is exemplified in Example 7, and other alloys of Ag-Gd-Zr, Ag-Gd-Sn, Ag-Gd-Zn, Ag-Gd-In As in Example 1 and Example 2, the hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance were improved. It has springiness, is easy to process, and has good workability.
[0053]
  Comparative Example 5 is 4N silver Ag, and Comparative Example 6 is a 92.5% Ag alloy.
  It was found that the high-purity silver alloy of the present invention exhibited hardness and tensile strength equivalent to or higher than that of the Ag925 silver alloy and also had heat resistance. The silver alloy of the present invention has a Young's modulus of 8500 kgf / mm²As shown above, the value can be adjusted.
[0054]
  FIG. 5 shows the results of a sodium chloride continuous spray test and a spray test of a humidity of 90% or more for the silver alloy of the present invention. It can be seen that discoloration and corrosion are less likely to occur without changing the appearance. Shows remarkable effect. 0.10massIt has been found that the resistance to sulfidation with the addition of at least% palladium Pd is significantly improved. It was found that the Pd addition effect is remarkable in the silver Ag alloy of the present invention. Palladium Pd was evaluated at 0.01%, 0.10%, 1.00%, and 10.00% addition.
[0055]
  The hard noble metal alloy member according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is composed of two or more elements selected from a noble metal element group consisting of gold Au, silver Ag, platinum Pt, palladium Pd, rhodium Rh, ruthenium Ru, and osmium Os. In the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm in total, the noble metal alloy composed of gadolinium Gd and at least one element selected from the group consisting of zirconium Zr, tin Sn, and indium In It is made to contain.
[0056]
  The hard noble metal alloy member according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is one or more elements selected from a noble metal element group consisting of gold Au, silver Ag, platinum Pt, palladium Pd, rhodium Rh, ruthenium Ru, and osmium Os. In the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm in total, the noble metal alloy composed of gadolinium Gd and at least one element selected from the group consisting of zirconium Zr, tin Sn, and indium In It is made to contain.
[0057]
  The hard noble metal alloy member according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention has a gold Au content of 99.45.mass%, And the total amount of the hardening additive composed of at least one element selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, and indium In is 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm. Composed of alloy.
[0058]
  The alloy applied to the embodiment is not particularly limited. Components other than the above-mentioned hardening additive may be any as long as they can be used for ordinary noble metal alloys, and are not particularly limited. That is, the hardening additive is effective for any existing noble metal alloy. When manufacturing the alloy member according to these embodiments, it is the same as the first actual form. In the case of casting, an alloy material having the above composition is cast, and the material is subjected to a solution treatment in which the material is heated to a predetermined temperature and then rapidly cooled. Thereafter, an aging treatment is performed at a predetermined temperature as necessary. In the case of a processed alloy, an alloy material having the above composition is cast, and the material is subjected to a solution treatment for rapid cooling after heating at a predetermined temperature, and the material is processed into a predetermined shape before or after the processing. Aging treatment is applied to the previous term material. The solution treatment temperature at this time can be 600-2700 ° C., and the aging treatment temperature can be 150-700 ° C. Particularly preferred conditions are a solution treatment temperature of 500 to 1600 ° C and an aging treatment temperature of 150 to 600 ° C. The processing efficiency at the time of processing is arbitrary, but the preferable range is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0059]
  The hard noble metal alloy member according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention has a platinum Pt content of 99.45.mass% And more than 50 ppm and less than 15000 ppm of a total of hardening additives composed of at least one element selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, and indium In Composed of alloy.
[0060]
  The hard noble metal alloy member according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention has a silver Ag content of 99.45.mass%, And a total amount of hardening additives composed of at least one element selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, and indium In is contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm. Composed of alloy.
[0061]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention has a copper Cu content of 40.00.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni It is comprised with the copper alloy contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm by the total of the hardening additive comprised by the at least 1 sort (s) of element.
[0062]
  The copper Cu alloy can have a solution treatment temperature of 600 to 2500 ° C and an aging treatment temperature of 150 to 780 ° C. Particularly preferred conditions are a solution treatment temperature of 600 to 1600 ° C and an aging treatment temperature of 150 to 680 ° C. The processing efficiency at the time of processing is arbitrary, but the preferable range is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0063]
  Examples 8 and 9 are metal alloy members made of copper Cu. Gadolinium Gd alone, gadolinium Gd and zirconium Zr are added in appropriate amounts, and the above-described treatment is performed, so that the hardness Hv and tensile strength in FIG. Obtained. The hardness after processing and processing at 315 ° C. × 2 hours was 219 Hv and 230 Hv. After the treatment at 810 ° C. × 30, it became 160 Hv and 131 Hv. Tensile strength is 53.2kgf / mm²The high-purity copper Cu alloy of the present invention has improved hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and exhibited springiness. Easy to process and good workability. Young's modulus is 13500kgf / mm²As shown above, this value can be adjusted.
[0064]
  The metal alloy member made of the Cu alloy according to the embodiment is cast without adding any processing by adding an appropriate amount of a hardening additive formed of gadolinium Gd alone or in combination with other elements and performing the above-described treatment. The alloy shows an unprecedented high value of 120 Hv or more. In the case of processing, a value of 150 Hv or more is shown at a processing rate of about 50%, and a value of 200 Hv or more is shown at a processing rate of 90% or more.
[0065]
  Comparative Example 7 is 4N copper Cu, and Comparative Example 8 is Cr / Zr copper.
  It has been found that the addition of zirconium Zr element further improves the characteristics of the above-mentioned noble metal alloys and metal alloys. Even when zirconium oxide was added, significant improvement in properties was observed. Examples of the additive alloy in which elements other than Cu are added to copper Cu include Cu-Gd and Cu-Gd-Zr, and Cu-Gd-Sr, Cu-Gd-Ca, and Cu-Gd- Although Zr, Cu—Gd—Sn, Cu—Gd—Zn, and Cu—Gd—In were evaluated as prototypes, the characteristics of hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance were improved as in Examples 8 and 9. Showed springiness. Easy to process and good workability.
[0066]
  The above element is added to a Cu alloy composed of at least one element selected from the group consisting of copper Cu and zinc Zn, tin Sn, aluminum Al, nickel Ni, beryllium Be, lead Pb, manganese Mn, and indium In. The added alloy was evaluated by trial production, and the hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance were improved and the spring property was exhibited in the same manner as the Cu-added alloy. Easy to work with and good workability.
[0067]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention has an iron Fe content of 40.00.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni It is comprised with the iron alloy contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm in total with the hardening additive comprised by at least 1 sort (s) of element. The solution treatment was performed at 820 ° C. for 1 hour, and the aging treatment was performed at 480 ° C. for 3 hours.
[0068]
  The iron Fe alloy can have a solution treatment temperature of 600 to 2800 ° C. and an aging treatment temperature of 150 to 700 ° C. Particularly preferred conditions are a solution treatment temperature of 600 to 2000 ° C. and an aging treatment temperature of 150 to 700 ° C. The processing efficiency at the time of processing is arbitrary, but the preferable range is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0069]
  The hardness of the iron Fe alloy of Example 10 and Example 11 is 120 Hv and 156 Hv. Tensile strength is 87 and 120kg / mm²It is. The effect of adding the iron-Fe alloy of the present invention is remarkable. Even when added to 4N iron Fe, the corrosion resistance, electrical resistance and the like were hardly reduced. Hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus and heat resistance were improved and spring properties were exhibited. Young's modulus is 22000kgf / mm²As shown above, this value can be adjusted.
  Comparative Example 7 is 99.94.mass% High purity iron.
[0070]
  Examples of the additive alloy in which 50 to 15000 ppm of elements other than Fe are added to iron Fe include Fe-Gd and Fe-Gd-Si, and Fe-Gd-Sr, Fe-Gd-Ca, and Fe-Gd- Although Zr, Fe-Gd-Sn, Fe-Gd-Zn, Fe-Gd-In, and Fe-Gd-Mn were evaluated as prototypes, the hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, heat resistance were the same as in Examples 8 and 9. Improved and showed springiness. Easy to process and good workability.
[0071]
  Addition of the above elements to an Fe alloy composed of at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron Fe and copper Cu, silicon Si, manganese Mn, nickel Ni, chromium Cr, molybdenum Mo, and cobalt Co The alloy was experimentally evaluated, and as with the Fe-added alloy, the hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance were improved, and spring properties were exhibited. Easy to process and good workability.
[0072]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention has an aluminum Al content of 40.00.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni It is comprised with the aluminum alloy contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm in total with the hardening additive comprised by the at least 1 sort (s) of element.
[0073]
  The aluminum Al alloy can have a solution treatment temperature of 300 to 2000 ° C. and an aging treatment temperature of 50 to 450 ° C. Particularly preferred conditions are a solution treatment temperature of 500 to 1600 ° C and an aging treatment temperature of 50 to 400 ° C. The processing efficiency at the time of processing is arbitrary, but the preferable range is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0074]
  The hardness of the aluminum Al alloy of Example 12 and Example 13 is 76 Hv and 115 Hv, and the tensile strength is 55 kgf / mm.²And 81kgf / mm²It is. The aluminum Al alloy of the present invention has improved hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance, and exhibited a spring property. Easy to process and good workability. Young's modulus is 7400kgf / mm²As shown above, this value can be adjusted. Comparative Example 10 is 99.90.mass% High purity aluminum.
[0075]
  Examples of the additive alloy in which 50 to 15000 ppm of elements other than Al are added to aluminum Al include Al-Gd and Al-Gd-Mn. In addition, AI-Gd-Sr, Al-Gd-Ca, and Al-Gd- Although Zr, Al—Gd—Sn, Al—Gd—Zn, Al—Gd—In, and Al—Gd—Si were evaluated as prototypes, the hardness, tensile strength Young's modulus, and heat resistance were the same as in Example 10 and Example 11. Improved and showed springiness. Easy to process and good workability.
[0076]
  The above elements in an Al alloy composed of aluminum Al and at least one element selected from the group consisting of copper Cu, iron Fe, manganese Mn, silicon Si, magnesium Mg, zinc Zn, tin Sn, and indium In Although the additive alloy added with is evaluated as a trial, the hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance are improved as in the case of the additive alloy of Al, exhibiting spring properties, easy to work, and good workability.
[0077]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention has a magnesium Mg content of 40.00.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni It is comprised with the magnesium alloy contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm by the total of the hardening additive comprised by the at least 1 sort (s) of element.
[0078]
  The magnesium Mg alloy can have a solution treatment temperature of 250 to 1050 ° C and an aging treatment temperature of 1100 to 500 ° C. Particularly preferred conditions are a solution treatment temperature of 500 to 1000 ° C. and an aging treatment temperature of 100 to 450 ° C. The processing efficiency at the time of processing is arbitrary, but the preferable range is the same as that of the first embodiment.
The hardness of magnesium Mg of Examples 14 and 15 is 81 Hv and 121 Hv, and the tensile strength is 52 kgf / mm.²And 80. The solution treatment was performed at 390 ° C. for 10 hours, and the aging treatment was performed at 260 ° C. for 5 hours. The magnesium-Mg alloy of the present invention has improved hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance, and exhibits springiness. Easy to process and good workability. Young's modulus is 4400kgf / mm²This is about 15% improvement. Comparative Examples 11 and 12 have a purity of 99.8 and 99.99.mass% High purity magnesium.
[0079]
  Examples of the additive alloy in which an element other than Mg is added to magnesium Mg at 50 to 15000 ppm include Mg-Gd and Mg-Gd-Mn. In addition, Mg-Gd-Sr, Mg-Gd-Ca, and Mg-Gd- Zr, Mg—Gd—Sn, Mg—Gd—Zn, Mg—Gd—In, and Mg—Gd—Si were evaluated by trial production. As in Examples 14 and 15, hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, heat resistance Improved and showed springiness. Easy to process and good workability.
[0080]
  Magnesium Mg and aluminum Al, iron Fe, zinc Zn, manganese Mn, zirconium Zr, copper Cu, lithium Li, silicon Si and the above elements to Mg alloy composed of at least one element selected from the group consisting of The added alloy was experimentally evaluated, and the hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, and heat resistance were improved as in the case of the Mg-added alloy, and the spring property was exhibited.
  The heat treatment method includes a batch processing method and a continuous processing method.
[0081]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention has a copper Cu content of 70.00.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni It is comprised with the copper alloy contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm by the total of the hardening additive comprised by the at least 1 sort (s) of element.
[0082]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention has an iron Fe content of 70.00.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni It is comprised with the iron alloy contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm in total with the hardening additive comprised by at least 1 sort (s) of element.
[0083]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention has an aluminum Al content of 70.00.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni It is comprised with the aluminum alloy contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm by the total of the hardening additive comprised by the at least 1 sort (s) of element.
[0084]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention has a magnesium Mg content of 70.00.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni It is comprised with the magnesium alloy contained in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm by the total of the hardening additive comprised by the at least 1 sort (s) of element.
[0085]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the seventeenth embodiment of the present invention has a copper Cu content of 99.45.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni 50ppm or more in total of hardening additives composed of at least one element5000It is comprised with the copper alloy contained in the range of less than ppm.
[0086]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention has an iron Fe content of 99.45.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni 50ppm or more in total of hardening additives composed of at least one element5000It is composed of an iron alloy contained in a range of less than ppm.
[0087]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention has an aluminum Al content of 99.45.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni 50ppm or more in total of hardening additives composed of at least one element5000It is composed of an aluminum alloy contained in a range of less than ppm.
[0088]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the twentieth embodiment of the present invention has a magnesium Mg content of 99.45.mass% And selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone, rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd and Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, lead Pb, nickel Ni 50ppm or more in total of hardening additives composed of at least one element5000It is composed of a magnesium alloy contained in a range of less than ppm.
[0089]
  In the case of casting, an alloy material having the above composition is cast, and the material is subjected to a solution treatment in which the material is heated to a predetermined temperature and then rapidly cooled. Thereafter, an aging treatment is performed at a predetermined temperature as necessary. In the case of a processed alloy, an alloy material having the above composition is cast, and the material is subjected to a solution treatment for rapid cooling after heating at a predetermined temperature, and the material is processed into a predetermined shape before or after the processing. Aging treatment is applied to the previous term material.
[0090]
  Zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, and manganese Mn were newly used as gadolinium Gd composite additives for precious metal alloys, and as a result of trial production evaluation, hardness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, etc. were improved, springiness was achieved It was easy and workability was good. It turned out that the effect is remarkable.
[0091]
  For copper Cu alloy, iron Fe alloy, aluminum Al alloy and magnesium Mg alloy, Gd and rare earth elements, Gd and alkaline earth elements were added in combination and evaluated, but the hardness, tensile hardness, Young's modulus, etc. Improved. It was springy, easy to work with, and good workability. Furthermore, similar results can be obtained with the combined addition of Gd and calcium Ca, strontium Sr, silicon Si, beryllium Be, boron B, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, indium In, and manganese Mn, and the same effect as above can be seen. I understood that.
[0092]
  The hard metal alloy member according to the embodiment of the present invention has a content of 37.50-99.995 such as gold Au, platinum Pt, silver Ag, copper Cu, iron Fe, aluminum Al, and magnesium Mg.mass%, Selected from the group consisting of gadolinium Gd alone or rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, aluminum Al, manganese Mn, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, zinc Zn, indium In, boron B It is comprised with the metal alloy which contained the hardening additive comprised by the at least 1 sort (s) of element in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm in total.
[0093]
  Furthermore, the hard metal alloy member according to the embodiment of the present invention was selected from a metal alloy group consisting of gold Au, platinum Pt alloy, silver Ag alloy, copper Cu alloy, iron Fe alloy, aluminum Al alloy, magnesium Mg alloy. At least one metal alloy containing gadolinium Gd alone or rare earth elements other than gadolinium Gd, alkaline earth elements, silicon Si, aluminum Al, manganese Mn, zirconium Zr, tin Sn, zinc Zn, indium In, boron It is comprised with the metal alloy which contained the hardening additive comprised by the at least 1 sort (s) of element selected from the group which consists of B in the range of 50 ppm or more and less than 15000 ppm in total.
[0094]
  Thus, the metal content is 37.5% to 99.995.mass%, And by adding an appropriate amount of a hardening additive composed of gadolinium Gd alone or in combination with other elements, even a cast alloy without any processing can obtain a high hardness that has not been obtained so far. High hardness, Young's modulus, tensile strength, heat resistance, and workability can be obtained.
[0095]
  Gadolinium Gd is the most effective hardening element in view of the volume occupancy, and the improvement in heat resistance is also remarkable. In particular, it has been found that an extremely high Young's modulus can be obtained by adding Gd. Thus, since Gd has a large effect of improving hardness, Young's modulus, and tensile strength, the addition amount may be small, and a good color tone can be obtained without changing the color tone of the base alloy. Furthermore, since the addition amount is small and the occupied volume is small, the characteristics peculiar to the base alloy can be utilized.
[0096]
  The effect as a hardening additive is exhibited by Gd alone, but excellent characteristics can be obtained by a synergistic effect by adding in combination with at least one element selected from the group consisting of the above elements other than Gd. .
[0097]
  Since the hard metal member of the present invention has high hardness and good corrosion resistance, it has excellent durability. In addition, it has a high Young's modulus, springiness, strong tensile strength, and no brittleness. And since it has such an excellent mechanical characteristic, weight reduction and thickness reduction are possible. Furthermore, it has a good color tone, and further has good workability and good workability.
[0098]
  The metal alloy member of the present invention has improved hardness, tensile strength and Young's modulus, has springiness, has elongation, etc., is easy to work and has good workability. Different from conventional alloy members. Further, it is a great feature that these characteristics can be adjusted according to the user's preference.
[0099]
  Therefore, the most important feature is that an ultra-high performance noble metal alloy / metal alloy of the above elements and a unique noble metal alloy / metal alloy adjusted according to user's preference can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the composition of a gold Au alloy member, a platinum Pt alloy member, a silver Ag alloy member, and a copper Cu alloy member as hard alloy members.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing hardness, tensile strength, elongation, and softening characteristics of a gold-Au alloy member.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing hardness, tensile strength, elongation, and softening characteristics of a platinum Pt alloy member.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing hardness, tensile strength, and softening characteristics of a silver Ag alloy member.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing hardness, tensile strength, and softening characteristics of a copper Cu alloy member as a hard metal alloy member.
FIG. 6 is a view showing an improvement effect of discoloration and corrosion resistance of a silver Ag alloy as a hard metal alloy member.
FIG. 7 is a view showing the composition of an iron Fe alloy member, an aluminum Al alloy member, and a magnesium Mg alloy member as hard metal alloy members.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing hardness and tensile strength characteristics of iron Fe alloy, aluminum Al alloy, and magnesium Mg alloy as hard metal alloy members.

Claims

A hard metal alloy member comprising Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being made of Cu and inevitable impurities, and subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment.

A hard metal alloy member comprising Gd and Zr in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being made of Cu and inevitable impurities, and subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment.

A hard metal alloy member comprising Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment.

A hard metal alloy member comprising Gd and Si in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and being subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment.

A hard metal alloy member comprising Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance comprising Al and inevitable impurities, and subjected to a solution treatment and an aging treatment.

A hard metal alloy member comprising Gd and Mn in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, and being subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment.

A hard metal alloy member containing Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Mg and inevitable impurities, and being subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment.

A hard metal alloy member comprising Gd and Mn in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Mg and inevitable impurities, and subjected to solution treatment and aging treatment.

A step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, with the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities;
A step of subjecting the material to a solution treatment;
Then, aging treatment for the material
The manufacturing method of the hard metal alloy member characterized by having.

A step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd and Zr in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, with the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities;
A step of subjecting the material to a solution treatment;
Then, aging treatment for the material
The manufacturing method of the hard metal alloy member characterized by having.

A step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities;
A step of subjecting the material to a solution treatment;
Then, aging treatment for the material
The manufacturing method of the hard metal alloy member characterized by having.

A step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd and Si in a total amount of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities;
A step of subjecting the material to a solution treatment;
Then, aging treatment for the material
The manufacturing method of the hard metal alloy member characterized by having.

A step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities;
A step of subjecting the material to a solution treatment;
Then, aging treatment for the material
The manufacturing method of the hard metal alloy member characterized by having.

A step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd and Mn in a total range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities;
A step of subjecting the material to a solution treatment;
Then, aging treatment for the material
The manufacturing method of the hard metal alloy member characterized by having.

A step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm, with the balance being Mg and inevitable impurities;
A step of subjecting the material to a solution treatment;
Then, aging treatment for the material
The manufacturing method of the hard metal alloy member characterized by having.

A step of casting a material composed of a hard metal alloy containing Gd and Mn in a range of 50 ppm or more and less than 5000 ppm in total, the balance being Mg and inevitable impurities;
A step of subjecting the material to a solution treatment;
Then, aging treatment for the material
The manufacturing method of the hard metal alloy member characterized by having.