JP4416547B2 - 評価方法 - Google Patents
評価方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4416547B2 JP4416547B2 JP2004082930A JP2004082930A JP4416547B2 JP 4416547 B2 JP4416547 B2 JP 4416547B2 JP 2004082930 A JP2004082930 A JP 2004082930A JP 2004082930 A JP2004082930 A JP 2004082930A JP 4416547 B2 JP4416547 B2 JP 4416547B2
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 83
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Testing Or Measuring Of Semiconductors Or The Like (AREA)
Description
図2のスペクトルA、Bにおいて、λ1=1090nm、λ2=1190nm、λ3=1310nmであるので、屈折率n=2.9として、次数m=36が求まり、膜厚d=約6770nmとなる。図2のスペクトルA、Bにおいて、ピーク波長は同一であるので、スペクトルA、Bに基づいて、同一の膜厚値が得られる。したがって、スペクトルA、Bにおける反射率の振幅値の差は、膜厚に無関係であり、膜質に依存するものであると言える。
薄膜に吸収がある場合は、(2)式のnに代わり、N=n−i・kを用いる。
sin(x−iy)=sinx・coshy−i・cosx・sinhy
ただし、coshy=(ex+e-y)/2、sinhy=(ex−e-y)/2 ・・・(3)
ここで、吸収基板(N・m=n・m-i・k・m)上の吸収がある単層薄膜(N=n-i・k、物理膜厚d)に垂直に波長λの光が入射した場合の分光反射率を求める(入射媒質N0=n0−ik0)。
とおいて、特性マトリクス式(2)の各要素を実部と虚部に整理すると、
m11=cos{2π(n−ik)d/λ}
=cos(x−iy)
=cosx・coshy+isinx・sinhy
=a+ib
=m22
=g+ih ・・・(5)
im12=i(sinx・coshy−icosx・sinhy)/(n−ik)
={(n・cosx・sinhy−k・sinx・coshy)+i(n・sinx・coshy+k・cosx・sinhy)}/(n2+k2)
=c+id ・・・(6)
im21 =(n・cosx・sinhy+k・sinx・coshy)+i(n・sinx・coshy−k・cosx・sinhy)
=e+if ・・・(7)
となる。ここで、a〜hは実数である。規格化された電場及び磁場の振幅をBおよびCとすると、
Q1=(a+nmc+kmd)n0+(b−kmc+nmd)k0−(e+nmg+kmh)
Q2=−(a+nmc+kmd)k0+(b−kmc+nmd)n0−(f−kmg+nmh)
Q3=(a+nmc+kmd)n0+(b−kmc+nmd)k0+(e+nmg+kmh)
Q4=−(a+nmc+kmd)k0+(b−kmc+nmd)n0+(f−kmg+nmh)
・・・(10)
となる。したがって、エネルギー反射率Rは、
図3は、P+シリコン基板(屈折率=3.5)11上に多孔質層12(ここでは、屈折率=2.9、膜厚6.8μm)を有する仮想試料において、多孔質層12の吸収係数α=4πk/λを0.01から0.11まで0.01ステップで変化させて、波長λ=900から1700nmの範囲で(1)式から(11)式にしたがって仮想試料の分光反射率をシミュレーションした結果を示している。
以上のように測定対象物(例えば、図1(a)に示す基板)に一致する条件(例えば、半導体基板11の屈折率、多孔質層12の屈折率及び膜厚)においてシミュレーションを実行し、分光反射率の平均振幅値と吸収係数値との関係を示す関係情報(例えば、近似式)を求めておくことにより、分光器を使って得られるスペクトル波形と該近似式とに基づいて、膜質を示す吸収係数値を得ることができる。
α=−0.0584Ln(x)+0.2587
を用いた。図9は、このマッピング処理によって得られた画像を示す図である。図9において、中心に向かう渦巻き状の分布を確認することができ、多孔質層の第1層及び第2層の界面における分割の痕跡(分離痕)を観測することができる。多孔質層の形成条件に応じて分離痕が異なるものとなるので、サンプリングした基板の分離痕と正常な分離痕とを比較することにより、図1(e)に示す分割工程(分離工程)を管理することができる。
Claims (3)
- 多孔質層の上に半導体層および絶縁層を順に有する第1基板の前記絶縁層の側を第2基板に結合して結合基板を形成し、前記多孔質層を利用して前記結合基板を分離し、その分離の後に前記第2基板の表面に残留している残留多孔質層の膜質を評価する評価方法であって、前記残留多孔質層に光を照射し、前記残留多孔質層からの反射光を分光し撮像するイメージング分光工程と、
前記イメージング分光工程で撮像された画像に基づいて前記残留多孔質層の分光反射率の振幅値に関する振幅値情報を得る第1演算工程と、
メモリに予め保持された多孔質層の分光反射率の振幅値情報と当該多孔質層の吸収係数値との関係を示す関係情報と、前記第1演算工程で得られる振幅値情報とに基づいて前記残留多孔質層の吸収係数値を得る第2演算工程と、
前記第2演算工程で得られる吸収係数値を階調値に変換し該階調値を2次元空間上にマッピングすることにより、前記分離によって前記残留多孔質層に現れる分離痕を示す画像を生成するデータ加工工程と、
前記分離痕を観察することができるように前記データ加工工程で得られる画像を出力する出力工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする評価方法。 - 前記振幅値情報は、分光反射率の平均振幅値を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の評価方法。
- 前記関係情報は、分光反射率の振幅値情報と吸収係数値との関係を示す近似式を含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の評価方法。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004082930A JP4416547B2 (ja) | 2004-03-22 | 2004-03-22 | 評価方法 |
US11/083,976 US7333196B2 (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2005-03-21 | Evaluation apparatus and evaluation method |
US11/959,810 US7468792B2 (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2007-12-19 | Evaluation apparatus and evaluation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004082930A JP4416547B2 (ja) | 2004-03-22 | 2004-03-22 | 評価方法 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005265797A JP2005265797A (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
JP2005265797A5 JP2005265797A5 (ja) | 2007-01-18 |
JP4416547B2 true JP4416547B2 (ja) | 2010-02-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
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JP2004082930A Expired - Fee Related JP4416547B2 (ja) | 2004-03-22 | 2004-03-22 | 評価方法 |
Country Status (2)
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US (2) | US7333196B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4416547B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP5003312B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-02 | 2012-08-15 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 膜の赤外吸収スペクトル測定方法 |
US20100094790A1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-15 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Machine learning of dimensions using spectral intensity response of a reflectometer |
US20100291599A1 (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2010-11-18 | Bruker Optics, Inc. | Large area scanning apparatus for analyte quantification by surface enhanced raman spectroscopy and method of use |
CN102435583B (zh) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-04-24 | 南京理工大学 | 晶体材料光吸收系数的测量方法 |
US20140085458A1 (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-03-27 | Apple Inc. | Angular visual response of cosmetic surfaces |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2608351B2 (ja) | 1990-08-03 | 1997-05-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | 半導体部材及び半導体部材の製造方法 |
ATE217447T1 (de) * | 1990-08-03 | 2002-05-15 | Canon Kk | Verfahren zur herstellung eines halbleiterkörpers |
US5371358A (en) * | 1991-04-15 | 1994-12-06 | Geophysical & Environmental Research Corp. | Method and apparatus for radiometric calibration of airborne multiband imaging spectrometer |
US5347475A (en) * | 1991-09-20 | 1994-09-13 | Amoco Corporation | Method for transferring spectral information among spectrometers |
US5294796A (en) * | 1992-03-02 | 1994-03-15 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Remote vapor detection system and method thereof |
US6040191A (en) * | 1996-06-13 | 2000-03-21 | Grow; Ann E. | Raman spectroscopic method for determining the ligand binding capacity of biologicals |
US6870616B2 (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2005-03-22 | Jjl Technologies Llc | Spectrometer apparatus for determining an optical characteristic of an object or material having one or more sensors for determining a physical position or non-color property |
WO1999004246A1 (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 1999-01-28 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Three-dimensional light absorption spectroscopic imaging |
US6240312B1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 2001-05-29 | Robert R. Alfano | Remote-controllable, micro-scale device for use in in vivo medical diagnosis and/or treatment |
JP2000314612A (ja) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-14 | Kawatetsu Techno Res Corp | 光透過膜の膜厚測定方法および膜厚測定装置 |
WO2001083823A1 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-08 | Quantum Dot Corporation | Methods and compositions for polynucleotide analysis using generic capture sequences |
US6587703B2 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2003-07-01 | Photonify Technologies, Inc. | System and method for measuring absolute oxygen saturation |
US7106425B1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2006-09-12 | Kla-Tencor Technologies Corp. | Methods and systems for determining a presence of defects and a thin film characteristic of a specimen |
EP1395939A4 (en) * | 2001-05-24 | 2006-06-07 | New Objective Inc | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ELECTRO-WAVING REGULATED BY FEEDBACK |
EP1476715B1 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2018-10-10 | Icos Vision Systems N.V. | Improved spatial wavefront analysis and 3d measurement |
-
2004
- 2004-03-22 JP JP2004082930A patent/JP4416547B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-03-21 US US11/083,976 patent/US7333196B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2007
- 2007-12-19 US US11/959,810 patent/US7468792B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7333196B2 (en) | 2008-02-19 |
US20050206897A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
JP2005265797A (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
US20080100838A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
US7468792B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 |
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