JP4410678B2 - 後椎骨支持アセンブリ - Google Patents

後椎骨支持アセンブリ Download PDF

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JP4410678B2
JP4410678B2 JP2004535580A JP2004535580A JP4410678B2 JP 4410678 B2 JP4410678 B2 JP 4410678B2 JP 2004535580 A JP2004535580 A JP 2004535580A JP 2004535580 A JP2004535580 A JP 2004535580A JP 4410678 B2 JP4410678 B2 JP 4410678B2
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
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    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7062Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs ; Tools for such devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7062Devices acting on, attached to, or simulating the effect of, vertebral processes, vertebral facets or ribs ; Tools for such devices
    • A61B17/7067Devices bearing against one or more spinous processes and also attached to another part of the spine; Tools therefor

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Description

発明の分野
本発明は、後椎骨支持アセンブリに関する。
2つの椎骨の椎間板及び/又は靱帯拡延が変質した場合には、関係する2つの椎骨の棘突起間にウェッジを配置して椎骨を支持することを可能にすることが知られている。この点に関して、本願の出願人名で出願されたフランス特許出願FR 94 03716号及びFR 98 02300を参照することができる。
これらの先行特許出願によるウェッジは、各々が該ウェッジを貫通し且つ対応する棘突起を堅固に包囲する2つの独立した靱帯によって2つの処置された椎骨の棘突起に結合されている。脊椎が前方へ撓む場合には、棘突起が相対的に離れる方向に動き、それによってウェッジの長手方向の伸張を生じさせる。
この長手方向の伸張の欠点は、長手方向の牽引の際にウェッジに応力がかかるという点である。しかしながら、この牽引の繰り返しによってウェッジの寿命が影響を受ける虞があるので、この牽引力がかけられる状態は、特に、椎骨の動きが補助され且つ抑えられるような制御を得るように改善することができる。
本発明は、このような欠点の改善を目的としている。
本発明のアセンブリは、それ自体公知の方法で、処置されるべき2つの椎骨の棘突起間に挿入される構造とされている突起間ウェッジであって、該ウェッジの少なくとも椎骨の棘突起間に配置されるように形成された領域が弾性的に変形可能な材料によって作られているウェッジを含んでいる。
本発明に従って、このアセンブリは更に、
−ウェッジの両側に長手方向に配置されるように作られた2つの圧縮可能な横部材であって、椎骨が前湾するか又は脊椎が伸張せしめられたときに位置するウェッジから横に隔てられ解放位置と、脊椎が撓んだときに位置するウェッジに比較的近接する圧縮位置との間で変形可能である2つの圧縮可能な横部材と、
−前記圧縮可能な横部材とウェッジとの間に配置され、圧縮可能な横部材が前記圧縮位置に配置されたときに、椎骨の棘突起間に配置されるように作られたウェッジの領域において該ウェッジを横方向に押圧する構造とされた2つの横伝達部材と、を含んでいる。
このようにして、本発明によるアセンブリは、脊椎の撓み動作中に、ウェッジ上に段階的な横方向の圧縮力を付与することを可能にしている。この圧縮によってウェッジによってなされる変位の抑制によって、傾き動作と前方への摺動動作とが組み合わさった椎間の引き離し中にウェッジにかかる剪断応力が小さくされるであろう。
ウェッジの横方向の圧縮は、ウェッジの寿命の観点において純粋な長手方向の牽引にとって好ましい。なぜならば、これは、ウェッジの長手方向の応力を補償するからである。
棘突起間に配置されるように作られたウェッジの領域は、ウェッジの横方向の圧縮度に限度を有する材料によって作ることができ、次いで、このアセンブリは、処置された椎骨が所定の傾斜位置に達する横方向の変形限度を有するような構造とすることもできる。
この圧縮可能な横部材は、前記解放位置と圧縮位置との間で非弾性的に又は弾性的に変形しても良い。後者の場合には、この部材がその中立形態へ戻る戻り力は、処置された椎骨の傾き動作の減衰に寄与する。
この圧縮可能な横部材は、同様に同じ目的で圧縮可能な横部材の長手方向に弾性的に変形可能であっても良い。
本発明の一つの実施形態によれば、圧縮可能な横部材は、互いに独立しており、各々、一端が処置された椎骨のうちの一つに結合されており、他端がその他の処置された椎骨に結合される。椎骨に対する圧縮可能な横部材の端部の結合は、特に、椎骨の茎において圧縮可能な横部材に含まれているハトメ又は固着部片に係合される茎ねじによってなされる。
圧縮可能な横部材の椎骨への結合はまた、上に重なっている椎骨の場合には、椎骨の薄層の下方へ該部材を通すことによってなされても良い。この薄層下方への貫通は、茎を保持し且つ長手方向の伸張の際に整然と出来るだけ中心に位置するようにし、ウェッジにかかる横方向のスラストを理想化することができる。下に位置している椎骨の場合には、これらの同じ圧縮可能な横部材は、特にこの椎骨上の椎板切除術の場合には、定位置に配置された椎弓根間の横係合棒に結合されて歪みの集中を少なくすることができるようにしても良い。同様に、圧縮可能な横部材は、2つの下に位置する椎骨の関節固定術装置に結合された結合棒に結合しても良い。
本発明のもう一つ別の実施形態によれば、圧縮可能な横部材は、2つの処置された椎骨の棘突起の周囲に係合せしめられる円形ストラップの2つの横部分によって形成される。
横伝達部材自体は、一方では圧縮可能な横部材に当接し他方では特に椎骨支持プレートを介してウェッジに当接する小さな棒によって構成しても良い。
これらの同じ横伝達部材は、同様に、圧縮可能な横部材がウェッジに結合される突起によって構成しても良い。後者の場合には、突起はウェッジと一体であっても良い。
ウェッジは、主としてシリコーンのような弾性的に変形可能な材料によって作ることができる。これは、特に、このような材料によって作られたコア及び該コアを含んでいる織物からなる外被を含んでいても良い。
ウェッジはまた、適切に湾曲せしめられた弾性材料からなるバンドによって形成しても良い。
ウェッジは、棘突起間に配置されるように作られた領域に横方向に配置されたばねを含んでいても良い。
実施形態
以下、本発明をより良く理解するために、非限定的な例によって関連するいくつかの可能な実施形態を示している添付図面を参考にして本発明を説明する。
図1は、椎間板3の変質及び/又は靱帯の拡延によって影響を受けた2つの椎骨2上の定位置に配置された後椎骨支持アセンブリ1を示している。
アセンブリ1は、棘間ウェッジ5、2つの圧縮可能な横部材6及び2つの横伝達部材7を含んでいる。
ウェッジ5は、弾性的に撓むことができる材料によって作られており且つ2つの椎骨2の棘突起9間に挿入されるのを可能にする2つの湾曲した凹部8を含んでいる。これは、特に、フランス特許出願FR 98 02300によるウェッジであって、
−シリコーンによって作られたコアと、ポリエステル繊維によって作られた外被とを含んでおり、
−椎骨2が前湾しているときに、ウェッジ5が突起9間に挿入されたときに圧縮されるようにし且つ椎間板3の解放及び機能的な張力への靱帯の回復をも可能にするために、棘突起9を分離している距離よりも大きな高さを有する棘間部分10を有しており、
−湾曲した凹部8に境界をつけている出っ張り11であって、突起9を広く包囲し且つ前記棘間部分10が圧縮されるときに突起9の周囲に自動的に締め付けられる出っ張り11を有している、
ウェッジに適合させることができる。
しかしながら、図1に示されたウェッジ5は、前記棘間部分10に比較的広い幅を付与している半球状の側壁を有している点において、前記したフランス特許出願FR 98 02300によるウェッジとは異なる。
横部材6の各々は、弾性的に変形可能である合成材料によって作られた薄層15と、薄層15の端部に結合されたハトメ16とによって形成されている。薄層15は、湾曲しており且つその凹状面の中央部分に部材7を含んでおり、該凹状面は、ウェッジ5の方へ曲げて作られている。
ハトメ16は、横部材6の椎骨2への固着を可能にする茎ねじを受け入れるように作られている。
横伝達部材7の各々は、横部材6に固定された小さな堅牢な棒20によって形成されており且つそれが結合されている横部材6の領域にほぼ直角に配向されている。棒20は、移植の後にウェッジ5の棘間部分10に配置される。
棒20の各々は、部分10に当接するために、小さなプレート21と堅固に結合されている。
本発明によるアセンブリ1は、椎骨2が前湾しているときに、図1に示された状態にある。
脊椎が伸張している場合には、椎骨2は、突起9が相対的に近づく方向に枢動し、これは、ウェッジのコアを構成している材料の弾性限界までのウェッジ5の圧縮につながる。このようにして、前記弾性限度に達しない限り椎骨2の枢動運動の制動がなされ、次いで、弾性限度に達したときにこの動作の拘束がなされる。ウェッジ5の圧縮中に、横部材6は、それらの曲率が増す方向に変形せしめられて椎骨2の動きの制動に寄与する。同様に、部材6は、突起9間でのウェッジ5の位置の維持が完璧に保証される。
脊椎が撓んでいる場合には、椎骨2は、突起9が相対的に隔てられる方向に枢動し、これは、横部材6の曲率の減少につながる。次いで、部材7がウェッジ5に横から当接し、それによって、椎骨2の動きを緩衝し、次いで、ウェッジ5のコアを形成している材料の弾性限界に達し及び/又は前記部材がほぼ直線形状に近くなったときに前記動きを停止させることができる。
図2は、横部材6が、椎骨2の突起9の周囲に係合した円形ストラップ25の2つの横部分によって形成されていること以外は、上記したものと類似しているアセンブリ1を示している。この第2の実施形態において再び見出される既に説明したその他の部分又は部材は、再び説明せず且つ以前と同じ参照符号によって示されている。
ストラップ25は、若干弾性的に延伸することができる材料によって作ることができ、従って、脊椎の撓みの場合に椎骨2の枢動運動の制動及び阻止に寄与する。
図3及び4は、アセンブリ1の第3の実施形態であって、小さな棒20とプレート21とが、突起30であってストラップ25の横部分がそれに沿って延びている突起30によって置換されている点以外は、図2に示したものと類似している実施形態を示している。突起30は、ウェッジ5に固定しても良いし又は図3に示しているようにウェッジ5と一体化されていても良く、又は図4に示されているように、ストラップ25に堅固に結合されていて任意的にこれらを受け入れるようにウェッジに設けられた横凹部においてウェッジ5に当接するようにしても良い。
上記から明らかなように、本発明は、脊椎の撓み動作中にウェッジを長手方向に応力をかけない後椎骨支持アセンブリを提供することによって、従来技術に対する明白な改良を提供している。このアセンブリによって椎骨の動きの完全な制御が得られ、ウェッジの寿命は椎骨の繰り返しの動きによって影響を受けない。
本発明は、例示として上記した実施形態に限定されず、これと反対に、特許請求の範囲によって規定された保護範囲内でなされる種々の実施形態の全てを包含することは自ずから明らかである。
図1は、本発明によるアセンブリを2つの椎骨上に配置した後の極めて簡素化した後面図である。 図2は、本発明のアセンブリの第2の実施形態を示している図1に類似した図である。 図3は、本発明のアセンブリの第3の実施形態を示している図1に類似した図であり、椎骨の棘突起のみが示されている。 図4は、図3に類似したアセンブリの変形例の図である。

Claims (13)

  1. 後椎骨支持アセンブリ(1)であって、処置されるべき上下2つの椎骨(2)の棘突起間に挿入される構造とされた突起間ウェッジ(5)を含み、当該ウェッジ(5)の少なくとも椎骨の棘突起間に配置されるように作られた領域が弾性的に変形可能な材料によって作られており、
    脊椎の長手方向に沿って前記ウェッジ(5)の両側に配置されるように作られた2つの圧縮可能な横部材(6)であって、椎骨(2)が前湾しているか又は脊椎が伸長しているときに呈する状態であって当該圧縮可能な横部材が前記ウェッジ(5)から横方向に相対的に離隔された状態である解放位置と、脊椎が撓んだときに呈する状態であって当該圧縮可能な横部材が前記ウェッジ(5)に対して横方向に相対的に接近した状態である圧縮位置との間で変形可能な2つの圧縮可能な横部材(6)と、
    前記圧縮可能な横部材(6)と前記ウェッジ(5)との間に配置され、前記圧縮可能な横部材(6)が前記圧縮位置へと動かされたときに、椎骨(2)の棘突起(9)間に配置されるように作られたウェッジ(5)の領域(10)に対して横方向から当接するような構造とされた2つの横伝達部材(7)と、
    を含むことを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  2. 請求項1に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記棘突起間に配置されるように作られた前記ウェッジ(5)内の領域を構成している材料が、当該ウェッジの横方向すなわち脊椎の横方向における圧縮限界を有しており、前記処置された椎骨(2)が所定の傾斜した状態に達したときに、前記ウェッジの横方向圧縮限界に達するような構造とされていることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  3. 請求項1又は2に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記圧縮可能な横部材(6)が、脊椎の横方向における変形限界を有するような構造とされており、前記処置された椎骨(2)が所望の傾斜状態に達したときに該変形限界に達することを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  4. 請求項1乃至3のうちのいずれか一の項に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記圧縮可能な横部材(6)が、前記解放位置と前記圧縮位置との間で弾性的に変形可能であるような構造とされていることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  5. 請求項1乃至4のうちのいずれか一の項に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記圧縮可能な横部材(6)が、該圧縮可能な横部材(6)の長手方向に弾性的に変形可能であるような構造とされていることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  6. 請求項1乃至5のうちのいずれか一の項に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記圧縮可能な横部材(6)が互いに独立しており、各々、一端が前記処置された椎骨(2)のうちの一方に結合されており、他端が他方の処置された椎骨(2)に結合されていることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  7. 請求項6に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記圧縮可能な横部材(6)が、該圧縮可能な横部材(6)を椎骨(2)に固定するための固定茎ねじを受け入れるように作られたハトメ(16)又は固定部分を含んでいることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  8. 請求項1乃至5のうちのいずれか一の項に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記圧縮可能な横部材が、前記処置されるべき上下2つの椎骨のうち、上方に位置する椎骨の薄層の下を通すことができるような構造とされていることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  9. 請求項1乃至5のうちのいずれか一の項に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記圧縮可能な横部材が、前記処置されるべき上下2つの椎骨のうち、下方に位置する椎骨の椎弓根間の定位置に配置された当該椎弓根同士を結合している横結合棒に結合できるような構造とされていることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  10. 請求項1乃至5のうちのいずれか一の項に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記圧縮可能な横部材が、前記処置されるべき上下2つの椎骨のうち下方に位置する椎骨と、当該下方に位置する椎骨の更に下方に隣接する椎骨との関節固定装置に結合された結合棒に結合することができるような構造とされていることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  11. 請求項1乃至5のうちのいずれか一の項に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記圧縮可能な横部材(6)が、前記2つの処置された椎骨(2)の棘突起(9)の周囲に係合せしめられた円形ストリップ(25)の2つの横部分によって形成されていることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  12. 請求項1乃至11のうちのいずれか一の項に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記横伝達部材(7)が、一方では前記圧縮可能な横部材(6)に当接し他方では前記ウェッジ(5)に当接している小さな棒(20)によって構成されていることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
  13. 請求項1乃至11のうちのいずれか一の項に記載の後椎骨支持アセンブリであって、
    前記横伝達部材(7)が、前記圧縮可能な横部材(6)か前記ウェッジ(5)かのいずれかに結合された突起(30)によって構成されていることを特徴とする後椎骨支持アセンブリ。
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DE60304880T2 (de) 2006-11-02
CA2497998A1 (fr) 2004-03-25
FR2844179B1 (fr) 2004-12-03
US7776069B2 (en) 2010-08-17
KR20050038652A (ko) 2005-04-27
DE60304880D1 (de) 2006-06-01
CN1681444A (zh) 2005-10-12
FR2844179A1 (fr) 2004-03-12
US20060136060A1 (en) 2006-06-22
CN100438834C (zh) 2008-12-03
EP1545354B1 (fr) 2006-04-26
US20100121456A1 (en) 2010-05-13
AU2003278251B2 (en) 2009-03-05
AU2003278251A1 (en) 2004-04-30
WO2004024010A1 (fr) 2004-03-25
US8043336B2 (en) 2011-10-25
KR101059037B1 (ko) 2011-08-24
ATE324074T1 (de) 2006-05-15
ES2264536T3 (es) 2007-01-01
EP1545354A1 (fr) 2005-06-29
JP2006507039A (ja) 2006-03-02

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