JP4384195B2 - 半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4384195B2 JP4384195B2 JP2007074715A JP2007074715A JP4384195B2 JP 4384195 B2 JP4384195 B2 JP 4384195B2 JP 2007074715 A JP2007074715 A JP 2007074715A JP 2007074715 A JP2007074715 A JP 2007074715A JP 4384195 B2 JP4384195 B2 JP 4384195B2
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- semiconductor chips
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 213
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 29
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012536 packaging technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
具体的には、例えば、MCL(Multi Chip Logic)構成にしようとする2つのチップがあり、2つのチップ間でインターフェースするIOセルがあるとき、そのIOセルには、例えば、2つの半導体チップには、チップAには接続電極にはんだバンプが載置され、チップBには金(Au)バンプが形成され、これらのバンプを接触させてリフローしハンダバンプを溶かしてバンプ同士を接続するものである。このとき、接触するインターフェース部には、両者のバンプ接触時に半導体チップ間に電荷の移動が生じ、その際、ESD破壊が発生する懸念がある。そのため、ESD保護素子をIOや電源のバンプに設置する必要がある。
特許文献1には、端子配列が偏ることがなく、端子の挿入性を良好に保ったLSIパッケージ及びその実装システムが開示されている。LSIパッケージの実装方法は、LSIパッケージをLSIソケットへ挿入すると、まず、最長の位置決め端子で位置合わせを行い、次に、長い接地端子を接続することで静電気等の電気的破壊を防止し、次に、電源印加を行うというように、端子の長い順にLSIソケットの孔へ挿入され、最後にLSIパッケージの全端子がソケットと接触し、このソケットを介してプリント基板と接続される。この時、LSIソケットは、1本(1ピン)毎に独立したピンソケットで、例えば、プリント基板に孔を明け、その孔にスルーホールメッキを施した後、ピンソケットを挿入してはんだ付けされている。
また、本発明の半導体装置の製造方法の別の一態様は、2つの半導体チップを積層させる工程を備えた半導体装置の製造方法であって、前記2つの半導体チップのそれぞれは、信号端子と、保護素子と、前記保護素子に接続された電源端子と、を有し、前記2つの半導体チップのうちの一方は、除電端子をさらに有し、前記2つの半導体チップを対向させ前記2つの半導体チップのうちの他方の半導体チップの前記電源端子を、前記一方の半導体チップの前記除電端子に接触させて前記他方の半導体チップの電源系に滞留している電荷を前記保護素子と前記除電端子を通して放電可能な状態とした後に、前記2つの半導体チップを相対的に移動させ、前記2つの半導体チップの前記電源端子どうしを接触させ前記信号端子どうしを接触させて、前記2つの半導体チップの前記電源端子どうしが電気的に接続され前記信号端子どうしが電気的に接続されて前記2つの半導体チップが積層された状態とすることを特徴とする。
図1は、半導体チップ間を接続してインターフェース部を形成する工程を説明する半導体チップの概略断面図、図2は、図1の部分拡大断面図、図3は、複数の半導体チップを積層して形成された半導体装置の概略断面図である。
この実施例の半導体装置は、例えば、MCLタイプの半導体装置に適用されるものであり、複数の端子を有する半導体チップ1を複数個積層してなるものである。隣接する2つの半導体チップ1A、1Bを電気的に接続する前記複数の端子のうち、少なくとも一方の半導体チップ1A、1Bに形成された端子の一部は、一方の半導体チップに形成された残りの端子よりも高く形成されている。
図1は、隣接する2つの半導体チップ1A、1Bを含む複数の半導体チップ1が基板11上に積層されている。半導体チップの積層体は、必要に応じてパッケージに封止される。
ボール端子3の径>ボール端子2の径
の式で表される。即ち、ボール端子3は、ボール端子2より高さが高くなっている。
この実施例のように、まず、バンプのサイズを調整し、電源部分のバンプを大きくしてIO部分のバンプよりも先に接触するようにする。これにより電源端子を通しての電荷移動がまず最初に行われる。接触前の半導体チップ内では電源系に滞留している電荷がもっとも多い上、もともと電源間保護は十分なサイズを双方の半導体チップ内に内蔵しているため、最初に電源の電荷が、図1の矢印に示すように、電源間保護素子を通して放電されれば、あとから接触するIO部のESD保護は緩和され、IO部の保護素子サイズを最小化することが可能になる。
図4は、半導体チップ間を接続してインターフェース部を形成する工程を説明する半導体チップの部分拡大断面図である。
この実施例の半導体装置は、例えば、MCLタイプの半導体装置に適用され、複数の端子を有する半導体チップを複数個積層してなるものである。隣接する2つの半導体チップ20、21を電気的に接続する前記複数の端子のうち、少なくとも一方の半導体チップに形成された端子の一部は、一方の半導体チップに形成された残りの端子よりも高く形成されている。
この実施例の特徴は、半導体チップ21(chipB)の接続電極24、25にもボール端子26、27形成され、半導体チップ20のボール端子22、23は、その上に載置され接合されていることにある。
半導体チップ20と半導体チップ21を対向配置させてから、半導体チップ20を水平に保ったまま下降させると(あるいは、半導体チップ21を上昇させる)、まず、ボール端子23が半導体チップ21のボール端子27に接触し、次に、ボール端子22がボール端子26に接触する。このような接触状態のときに、これらの端子を接触させてリフローし、ハンダボールを溶かして両者を接続する。このとき、接触するインターフェース部には、両者のバンプ接触時に半導体チップ間に電荷の移動が生じ、その際、ESD破壊が発生する懸念がある。そのためESD保護素子をIO端子や電源端子に設置する必要がある。
なお、半導体チップ21のボール端子は、すべて同じサイズにすることも可能である。
この実施例のように、まず、バンプのサイズを調整し、電源部分のバンプを大きくしてIO部分のバンプよりも先に接触するようにする。これにより電源端子を通しての電荷移動がまず最初に行われる。接触前の半導体チップ内では電源系に滞留している電荷がもっとも多い上、もともと電源間保護は十分なサイズを双方の半導体チップ内に内蔵しているため、最初に電源の電荷が電源間保護素子を通して放電されれば、あとから接触するIO部のESD保護は緩和され、IO部の保護素子サイズを最小化することが可能になる。
図5は、半導体チップ間を接続してインターフェース部を形成する工程を説明する半導体チップの部分拡大断面図である。この実施例は、ボール端子は、全て同じサイズであり、金バンプに高さの異なるものを用いることに特徴がある。
この実施例の半導体装置は、例えば、MCLタイプの半導体装置に適用されるものであり、複数の端子を有する半導体チップを複数個積層してなるものである。隣接する2つの半導体チップ30、31を電気的に接続する前記複数の端子のうち、少なくとも一方の半導体チップ30、31に形成された端子の一部は、一方の半導体チップに形成された残りの端子よりも高く形成されている。
半導体チップ30と半導体チップ31を対向配置させてから、半導体チップ30を水平に保ったまま下降させると(あるいは、半導体チップ31を上昇させる)、まず、ボール端子32が半導体チップ31の金バンプ37に接触し、次に、ボール端子32が金バンプ36に接触する。このような接触状態のときに、これらの端子及びバンプを接触させてリフローし、ハンダボールを溶かして両者を接続する。このとき、接触するインターフェース部には、両者のバンプ接触時に半導体チップ間に電荷の移動が生じ、その際、ESD破壊が発生する懸念がある。そのためESD保護素子をIO端子や電源端子に設置する必要がある。
図6は、半導体チップ間を接続してインターフェース部を形成する工程を説明する半導体チップの部分拡大断面図である。この実施例は、除電電極を用いること及びインターフェース部を形成する方法に特徴がある。
一方の半導体チップ40に設けられたボール端子42は、全て同じサイズであり、また、他方の半導体チップ41に設けられた金バンプ46も全て同じサイズである。この他方の半導体チップ41には除電用電極を設け、その上に他の金バンプよりも厚膜の金バンプ47を設けている。
なお、実施例では、他の金バンプより厚膜のものを除電用端子に用いているが、他の金バンプと同じ厚さにしても良い。この場合は、除電用端子を他方の半導体チップの周辺部に配置し、一方の半導体チップを幾分傾けてそのボール端子が他の端子より先に他方の半導体チップの除電用端子に接触するように工夫する必要がある。
図7は、半導体チップ間を接続してインターフェース部を形成する工程を説明する半導体チップの部分拡大断面図である。この実施例は、除電用端子を用いること及びインターフェース部を形成する方法に特徴がある。
一方の半導体チップ50に設けられたボール端子52は、全て同じサイズであり、また、他方の半導体チップ51に設けられた金バンプ56も全て同じサイズである。この他方の半導体チップ51には除電用電極を設け、その上に他のボール端子よりも径の大きいボール端子57を設けている。
この実施例は、他方の端子もボール端子を用いている点では相違があるが、その他は実施例4と同じであり、作用効果も同様である。
なお、この実施例では、他のボール端子より径の大きいボール端子を除電用端子に用いているが、他のボール端子と同じサイズのものを用いても良い。この場合は、除電用端子を他方の半導体チップの周辺部に配置し、一方の半導体チップを幾分傾けてそのボール端子が他の端子より先に他方の半導体チップの除電用端子に接触するように工夫する必要がある。
図8は、半導体チップ間を接続してインターフェース部を形成する工程を説明する半導体チップの部分拡大断面図である。この実施例の半導体装置は、除電用端子が無い点では相違があるが、その他の構成は実施例5と同じである。
一方の半導体チップ60に設けられたボール端子62は、全て同じサイズであり、また、他方の半導体チップ61に形成された金バンプ66も全て同じサイズである。この実施例では、端子配列の端に、例えば、電源端子を集中させる。
一方の半導体チップを幾分傾けてその電源端子であるボール端子62が他の端子より先に他方の半導体チップの対応する電源端子である金バンプに接触するようにする。その後他のボール端子を接触させる。即ち、配列の端にESD保護素子を十分に備えた特定のバンプ( 例えば、電源バンプ) を集中させ、電源バンプ配列から接触、放電させるようにする。
図9は、半導体チップ間を接続してインターフェース部を形成する工程を説明する半導体チップの部分拡大断面図である。この実施例の半導体装置は、他方の半導体チップにもボール端子を用いている点では実施例6と相違があるが、その他の構成及び作用効果は実施例6と同じである。
一方の半導体チップ70に設けられたボール端子72は、全て同じサイズであり、また、他方の半導体チップ71に形成されたボール端子76も同じサイズである。この実施例では、端子配列の端に、例えば、電源端子を集中させる。一方の半導体チップを幾分傾けてその電源端子であるボール端子72が他の端子より先に他方の半導体チップの対応する電源端子であるボール端子76に接触するようにする。その後他のボール端子を接触させる。即ち、配列の端にESD保護素子を十分に備えた特定のバンプ( 例えば、電源バンプ) を集中させ、電源バンプ配列から接触、放電させるようにする。
2、3、22、23、26、27、32、42、52、56、57、62、72、76・・・ボール端子(はんだボール)
4、5、24、25・・・接続電極
10、36、37、46、47、66・・・金バンプ
6・・・バッファ回路(NOT回路)
7・・・電源間保護素子
8・・・保護ダイオード
Claims (5)
- 2つの半導体チップを積層させる工程を備えた半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記2つの半導体チップのそれぞれは、集積回路と、前記集積回路に接続された信号端子と、前記集積回路に電源を供給する一対の電源端子と、前記一対の電源端子の間に接続された保護素子と、を有し、
前記2つの半導体チップを対向させ前記一対の電源端子どうしを接触させて前記2つの半導体チップの少なくともいずれかの電源系に滞留している電荷を他方の半導体チップの前記保護素子を通して放電可能な状態とした後に、
前記2つの半導体チップの前記信号端子どうしを接触させて、
前記2つの半導体チップの前記電源端子どうしが電気的に接続され前記信号端子どうしが電気的に接続されて前記2つの半導体チップが積層された状態とすることを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記2つの半導体チップの少なくともいずれかにおいて、前記一対の電源端子の高さは、前記信号端子の高さよりも高いことを特徴とする請求項1記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記2つの半導体チップのそれぞれにおいて、前記一対の電源端子を半導体チップの端子配列の端に集中させ、
前記2つの半導体チップを対向させつつ相対的に傾けた状態で前記一対の電源端子どうしを接触させた後に、前記2つの半導体チップの前記信号端子どうしを接触させることを特徴とする請求項1記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 2つの半導体チップを積層させる工程を備えた半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記2つの半導体チップのそれぞれは、信号端子と、保護素子と、前記保護素子に接続された電源端子と、を有し、
前記2つの半導体チップのうちの一方は、除電端子をさらに有し、
前記2つの半導体チップを対向させ前記2つの半導体チップのうちの他方の半導体チップの前記電源端子を、前記一方の半導体チップの前記除電端子に接触させて前記他方の半導体チップの電源系に滞留している電荷を前記保護素子と前記除電端子を通して放電可能な状態とした後に、
前記2つの半導体チップを相対的に移動させ、
前記2つの半導体チップの前記電源端子どうしを接触させ前記信号端子どうしを接触させて、
前記2つの半導体チップの前記電源端子どうしが電気的に接続され前記信号端子どうしが電気的に接続されて前記2つの半導体チップが積層された状態とすることを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記一方の半導体チップにおいて、前記除電端子の高さは、前記信号端子および前記電源端子の高さよりも高いことを特徴とする請求項4記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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US20220415876A1 (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-12-29 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Controlled electrostatic discharging to avoid loading on input/output pins |
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JP3279470B2 (ja) | 1996-02-20 | 2002-04-30 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
JPH1140713A (ja) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-02-12 | Nec Eng Ltd | Lsiパッケージ及びソケットの組み合わせ構造 |
US6707159B1 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2004-03-16 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor chip and production process therefor |
JP2001339046A (ja) | 2000-05-29 | 2001-12-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 半導体装置 |
US6911736B2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2005-06-28 | Lsi Logic Corporation | Electrostatic discharge protection |
JP4170210B2 (ja) | 2003-12-19 | 2008-10-22 | Necエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
JP2006332144A (ja) | 2005-05-24 | 2006-12-07 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | 集積回路 |
US7566650B2 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2009-07-28 | Stats Chippac Ltd. | Integrated circuit solder bumping system |
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