JP4274937B2 - 煤煙フィルタ、煤煙フィルタの製造方法及び煤煙フィルタの使用方法 - Google Patents
煤煙フィルタ、煤煙フィルタの製造方法及び煤煙フィルタの使用方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4274937B2 JP4274937B2 JP2003508809A JP2003508809A JP4274937B2 JP 4274937 B2 JP4274937 B2 JP 4274937B2 JP 2003508809 A JP2003508809 A JP 2003508809A JP 2003508809 A JP2003508809 A JP 2003508809A JP 4274937 B2 JP4274937 B2 JP 4274937B2
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- Prior art keywords
- filter
- catalyst
- soot
- smoke
- filter according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 76
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 36
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- BTVJMZJWDVRDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(dioxo)manganese yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O BTVJMZJWDVRDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxorhodium Chemical compound [Rh]=O SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003450 rhodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001785 cerium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 or Ru Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/58—Fabrics or filaments
- B01J35/59—Membranes
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/038—Precipitation; Co-precipitation to form slurries or suspensions, e.g. a washcoat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0224—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being granular
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/38—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an ozone (O3) generator, e.g. for adding ozone after generation of ozone from air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/065—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction for reducing soot ignition temperature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
C1号又はDE4110395 A1号に引用されているように、燃料運転バーナー又は電気運転加熱要素がフィルタ内で使用される。
A1号は、排出ガス中の残留酸素による酸化窒素NOの二酸化窒素NO2への変換のための酸化触媒と、後置された粒子フィルタと、から構成される装置を説明している。この場合、煤煙の焼け残りは、排出ガス中に十分な酸化窒素濃度があれば、400℃以下でも連続的に行なわれる。必要であれば、煤煙の燃焼は、公報EP1341832
A1号又はWO01/12320 A1号から、又はEP0758713号から引用されるように、フィルタ表面の適宜の触媒コーティングにより支援される。コーティングされた純粋な触媒反応方法においては、フィルタの触媒コーティングによってのみ表面に結合した煤煙を酸化させる、いわゆる自己再生の自己浄化された粒子フィルタが重要である。公報US6013599号は、380℃の排出ガス温度が、フィルタに結合した煤煙の浄化となる銅,鉄及びバナジウムの金属酸化物からなる混合酸化物ベースでの煤煙酸化触媒を説明している。公報US5100632号も、自己浄化のディーゼル粒子フィルタを公開しており、それにおいては、希土アルカリ酸化物と組み合わせられたフィルタ表面の白金/ロジウムコーティングにより、煤煙の発火温度を355℃までの低下させている。
A1号から公知の電気的加熱器が使用される。
図1において、本発明により細かく分散したディーゼル煤煙触媒の第一の簡単な実施形態が示されている。装置は、排出ガス管中にあるハウジング1から構成されている。上記ハウジング1内には、触媒が細かく分散してコーティングされた壁面流動深層フィルタ2が収容されている。
図2による第二の実施形態においては、公報DE19718239 A1号による壁面流動深層フィルタ2が形成されているので、エンジンの不利な運転状況の場合に、または緊急時に、触媒を有効温度まで持ち来すために、本発明による装置の簡単な温度または圧力制御式電気的接触3によって、電気エネルギーが供給される。
図3によるさらなる実施形態においては、ハウジング1内に、互いに直列に配置されそれぞれ触媒材料が細かく分散してコーティングされた壁面流動深層フィルタ2も、壁面流動表面フィルタ4もある。この場合、双方のフィルタ種類の開放した開孔性は、前置された深層フィルタ内の流動方向に関して、好ましくは100nm以上の大きな煤煙粒子のみが分離され、後置された表面フィルタ内では、主として100nm以下の小さな煤煙粒子が排出ガスから除去されるように、構成されている。この処置によって、全フィルタ効率が可変に調整され、またディーゼルエンジンの粒子が十分な運転状況において、前置された深層フィルタの内側の有孔システムにおける大きな煤煙粒子の分離による圧力損失を高めるフィルタ澱の形成が阻止される。
図4は、既に図1に示した装置が、一酸化窒素を二酸化窒素に変換するための酸化触媒5の後方に配置されている、第四の実施形態を示している。
さらなる好適な実施形態は、図4に示した一酸化窒素変換器を備えた図2および図3の組合せから生ずる。
2 深層フィルタ
3 電気的接点
4 表面フィルタ
5 酸化触媒
Claims (12)
- 粒子フィルタとしての開孔型本体と、前記フィルタの触媒反応再生のための前記開孔型本体の表面上の触媒とを備えた煤煙フィルタであって、
前記開孔型本体の表面上に、ナノ粒子からなる前記触媒をコーティングすることにより、二つの触媒反応活性中心の間に煤煙粒子が沈澱しないように、二つの触媒反応活性中心の間の平均間隙が30nm以下となるように前記触媒を細かく分散させたことを特徴とする煤煙フィルタ。 - 前記触媒の材料として、貴金属酸化物,イットリウムとマンガンの酸化物,及び/又は,これらの化合物からなり、かつ、これらの化合物を含む混合酸化物を使用することを特徴とする請求項1の煤煙フィルタ。
- 前記触媒が、排出ガスの残留酸素を使用することによって効果を発揮することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の煤煙フィルタ。
- 前記触媒が、ロジウム酸化物及び/又はマンガン化イットリウムを含んでいることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の煤煙フィルタ。
- 前記触媒が、二酸化窒素を生成するために、一酸化窒素−酸化触媒の後方に、配設されたことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の煤煙フィルタ。
- 前記開孔型本体が深層フィルタとして構成され、かつ、その表面が酸化触媒によりコーティングされていることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の煤煙フィルタ。
- 前記開孔型本体が、深層フィルタと表面フィルタを含んでおり、これらフィルタが連続して接続され、かつ、各フィルタ要素が、細かく分散された状態の酸化触媒によってコーティングされていることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかによる煤煙フィルタ。
- 前記開孔型本体が、酸化触媒を電気的に加熱する半導体からなることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の煤煙フィルタ。
- 多孔質型本体を、触媒がナノ粒子の形態で存在する低粘度のコロイド性コーティング溶液中に浸漬させ、次いで乾燥を行い、その後、焼成することによってコーティングしたことを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の煤煙フィルタの製造方法。
- ディーゼルエンジンを備えた車両の排出ガス管にて、ディーゼル煤煙を連続的に酸化することを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の煤煙フィルタの使用方法。
- 酸化中に、オゾンの形態の酸素が、前記煤煙フィルタ内にて排出ガス中に含まれる酸素に対して付加的に導入されることを特徴とする請求項10記載の煤煙フィルタの使用方法。
- 排出ガス中に含まれる残留酸素によって、煤煙粒子が触媒反応酸化されることを特徴とする請求項10又は11記載の煤煙フィルタの使用方法。
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DE10130338A DE10130338A1 (de) | 2001-06-26 | 2001-06-26 | Dieselrussfilter mit einem feindispers verteiltem Dieselrusskatalysator |
PCT/EP2002/006831 WO2003002853A2 (de) | 2001-06-26 | 2002-06-20 | Dieselrussfilter mit einem feindispers verteiltem dieselrusskatalysator |
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JP2004530837A JP2004530837A (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
JP4274937B2 true JP4274937B2 (ja) | 2009-06-10 |
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JP2003508809A Expired - Fee Related JP4274937B2 (ja) | 2001-06-26 | 2002-06-20 | 煤煙フィルタ、煤煙フィルタの製造方法及び煤煙フィルタの使用方法 |
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US (1) | US7666376B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1399651A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4274937B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2451771C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE10130338A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003002853A2 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA200309691B (ja) |
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-
2001
- 2001-06-26 DE DE10130338A patent/DE10130338A1/de not_active Ceased
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2002
- 2002-06-20 WO PCT/EP2002/006831 patent/WO2003002853A2/de active Application Filing
- 2002-06-20 CA CA2451771A patent/CA2451771C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-20 EP EP02747415A patent/EP1399651A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-06-20 US US10/481,822 patent/US7666376B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-20 JP JP2003508809A patent/JP4274937B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2003
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ZA200309691B (en) | 2004-09-17 |
JP2004530837A (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
US7666376B2 (en) | 2010-02-23 |
US20040235658A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
CA2451771A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
EP1399651A2 (de) | 2004-03-24 |
WO2003002853A3 (de) | 2003-04-03 |
DE10130338A1 (de) | 2003-04-24 |
WO2003002853A2 (de) | 2003-01-09 |
CA2451771C (en) | 2010-04-27 |
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