JP4215636B2 - バイオチップおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
バイオチップおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4215636B2 JP4215636B2 JP2003514265A JP2003514265A JP4215636B2 JP 4215636 B2 JP4215636 B2 JP 4215636B2 JP 2003514265 A JP2003514265 A JP 2003514265A JP 2003514265 A JP2003514265 A JP 2003514265A JP 4215636 B2 JP4215636 B2 JP 4215636B2
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- silane
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Description
この特異的な認識と平行して、支持体の特性に依存して標的分子を、(一般に、吸着プロセスにて)その上に、非−選択的な方法で固定させることもできる。この付随的な現象は、読み取り時に、ノイズに対するシグナルの比率を減少させる効果を有する。
加えて、有利な変形において、局所的な二重機能化(double functionalization)によるチップの物理化学的な品質における改善が、生物学的なプローブ分子を支持する部位を幾何学的により十分に画定させ、一方部位の全てがサイズおよび配列において同一なことを確かなものにし、および標的分子の非−選択的な吸着をかなり減少させる。
バイオチップは、主表面が、(2k+1)λ1/4(kは、正または0の整数)に等しい光学的な厚みの透明層によって蛍光検出に対して感受性を有するようにされ、その結果、蛍光の発光を増強させる部位を示すことを特徴としていてもよい。
好ましくは、感受性を有する部位の外部で、主表面は、厚みmλ0/2の透明層で覆われており、それゆえ蛍光が励起されるのを妨げる。
局所的なシラン化を利用した有利な実施の形態において、バイオチップは、感受性を有する部位の外部で、基体の表面が、第一の薄層、特に第一の物質Aの分子の単層で覆われており、その第一の物質は、一端で共有結合を形成させるようにするシランまたはシラノールのような基を有し、他端で安定した不活性な化学官能基、例えばCH3およびそのハロゲン化誘導体を有する(CH2)p(1<p<30)タイプの炭化水素鎖からなることを特徴とする。前記第一の物質は疎水性である。
前記第二の物質は親水性である。
バイオチップは、基体の表面が、前記物質Bの層で覆われ、そして感受性を有する部位の外部で、前記層が停止層Cで覆われていることを特徴としていてもよい。
a)厚みmλ′/2の透明層を基体上に付着させ、そして
b)前記感受性を有する部位を形成するように、透明層の厚みが(2k+1)λ/4に等しい前記透明層内で、ウエルまたはスタッドを作製する
を行うことを特徴とする前記のようなバイオチップを製造する方法を提供する。
kおよびmの値に従って、ウエルまたはスタッドの形態にある感受性を有する部位を作製することができる。
c)続いて任意に熱処理を行う前記第一の薄層の選択的な付着による、局在化二重シラン化(double silanization)、そして
d)第二の物質Bを含む溶液への基体の浸漬、
を行うことが特徴といえる。
c′)続いて任意に熱処理を行うスタッド上の物質Bの選択的な付着による、局在化二重シラン化、
そして
d)支持体を、物質Aを含む溶液に浸漬させる
を行うことを特徴とする。
別の実施の形態において、局所化二重シラン化は、(bの後)次のように:
e)物質Bの層を、例えば物質Bを含む溶液に浸漬させることで、基体の全表面にわたって付着させる、
ことで行う。そして、プローブ物質を固定させる官能基が脱保護されおよび活性化される。
官能化層は、1ナノメータ(nm)〜10nmのオーダーの厚みを有し、それゆえ透明層と比べて無視できる光学的な厚みを有し、従ってバイオチップの光学的な特性に直接の作用をしないことを観察することが重要である。
任意には、工程c)および/またはd)、および/またはe)、および/またはf)、および/またはg)、および/またはh)は、シラン化を容易にするために、熱処理を伴ってもよい。
アメリカ特許第6 008 892号は、薄いプレートの光学的な特性を利用した構造を記載している。反射する(または部分的に反射する)基体上に、1/4波長または1/4波長の奇数倍に等しい光学的な厚みの透明層を置いた場合、この波長で発光する蛍光源で発した光は、最大となる。その方法で、基体の全表面を、蛍光の発光が増加するように均一に処理する。その結果、生物物質が感受性を有する領域の外部で吸収させるための寄生蛍光(parasitic fluorescence)は、活性領域における蛍光と同様な方法で改善されるが、それによって感受性を有する領域と感受性を有さない領域との間のノイズに対するシグナルの比率は改善されない。
本発明で、最適化された構造は、読み取り波長で反射する基体1の表面6上に付着される透明物質、例えばシリコン基体上でのシリカあるいはシリコンニトライドの層10、または金属基体上で金属酸化物の層、例えばチタン上でのTiO2、ジルコニウム上でのZrO2の層などで作られる光学的な厚みλ/2(または一般にmλ/2以上)を有する層10から作られる(図1a)。感光性樹脂の薄膜7をこの層10上に付着させる(図1b)。この樹脂を、現像した後、チップ上に感受性を有する部位を形成するように働く開口4を樹脂2内で開口させるマスク3を介して露光する(図1c)。そしてチップの感受性を有する部位を構築するウエル5を形成するために、局所領域12で、(2k+1)λ/4に等しい薄膜(図1d)について光学的な厚みに達するようにケミカルエッチングを行う。
樹脂2を除去した後、末端に生物学的な分子を固定するのに適した官能基を有するシラン15の薄膜を、有利にはウエル5に付着させる(図1e)。そして、構築物を、シラン化を増強させるために、温度を上げる。この薄層(一般には単一分子)の厚みは、構築物の光学的な特性を著しく変化させることはない。
つまり、ウエルの内部と外部との間の光学的な経路の違いは、ウエル外部で蛍光シグナルを最小限にし、ウエル内部で蛍光シグナルを最大限にすることで蛍光を読み取る場合に、ノイズに対するシグナルの比率を改善させる。
基体を、前記のように層に感受性を有する部位を作製するためにケミカルエッチングにてミクロ機械加工する(図1a〜1d)。そして、転写操作を行う。
つまり、その方法は、物理化学的な制限を利用している。それは、感受性を有する部位の間での領域で、疎水性の単層を形成する分子を付着させるマイクロ転写を局所的に用いることによって、親水特性のプローブを受容するであろう領域を区別する。つまり、感受性を有する部位の内部は、予め合成されたプローブ上で保持すること、または生物学的な分子の現場での合成に適したシランを用いるために、シラン化される。疎水性の単層のミクロ転写は、平坦であってもよく、また浮き彫りになった転写領域を示すマイクロパッドにて構成されていてもよい転写表面30を使って行われる。
一般に、シラン以外の物質を用いて同様な作用を遂行することは可能である。
形成される層は、第一末端基の特性によって、単一分子または複合分子であってもよい。層を、有利には、該分子の溶液で予め覆われた平坦な表面と接触させることで付着させてもよい。
基体の表面を物質Bの層30で覆い、そして停止物質Cの層31を感受性を有する部位の外部、この場合ウエル5に局所的に付着させる。
・マスキングおよび/または転写技術を使ってチップの幾何学的な解像力を改善すること、
・物理化学的な制約と部位の効果と機械加工とを組み合わせることによって、感受性を有する部位の大きさを増大させること、
・例えばマイクロ転写による疎水性シランの単層を付着させることで、部位間の領域上で非特異的な吸収を増大させること、および
・透過支持層の厚みを最適化することでチップを読み取る光学的な品質を改善すること
に基づいて作用させることで、その読み取りを最適化することを可能にする。
Claims (12)
- 反射主表面を有する基体からなり、前記反射主表面(6)が、光学的な厚み(2k+1)λ/4(kは正または0の整数であり、λは蛍光が励起される波長λ0〜蛍光が発光される波長λ1の範囲にある波長を表わす)を有する透明層によって蛍光検出により検出可能なようにされた部位(5)を有し、かつ、部位(5)の外部で、反射主表面(6)が、厚みmλ′/2(mは正の整数であり、λ′はλ 0 〜λ 1 の範囲にある波長を表わす)の透明層で覆われていることを特徴とするバイオチップ。
- 部位(5)を覆う前記透明層が、(2k+1)λ1/4(kは、正または0の整数)に等しい光学的な厚みを有することを特徴とする請求項1によるバイオチップ。
- 部位(5)の外部で、反射主表面(6)が、厚みmλ0/2の透明層で覆われていることを特徴とする請求項1または2によるバイオチップ。
- 部位(5)の外部で、反射主表面(6)が、第一の物質の分子の単層で覆われており、その第一の物質は、基体と共有結合を作らせるようにするシランまたはシラノールから選択される捕捉保持基を一端で有し、CH 3 およびそのハロゲン化誘導体から選択される安定した不活性な化学官能基を他端で有する(CH2)p(1<p<30)タイプの炭化水素鎖からなることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1つによるバイオチップ。
- 第一の物質が、疎水性のシランであることを特徴とする請求項4によるバイオチップ。
- 部位(5)が、第二の物質の分子の単層で覆われており、その第二の物質は、シラン官能基またはシラノール官能基から選択される共有結合で基体に固定させるのに適した基を一端で有し、そして、酸COOH官能基またはアルコールOH官能基を示す基から選択される共有結合でプローブ分子に固定させるのに適した基を他端で有することを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1つによるバイオチップ。
- 前記第二の物質が、親水性のシランであることを特徴とする請求項6によるバイオチップ。
- 反射主表面(6)が、前記第二の物質の層で覆われ、そして部位(5)の外部で、前記第二の物質の前記層が停止物質で覆われていることを特徴とする請求項6または7によるバイオチップ。
- 以下の工程、
a)厚みmλ′/2の透明層(10)を基体(1)上に付着させ、そして
b)ウエルまたはスタッドとしての部位(5)が、厚みが(2k+1)λ/4に等しい透明層を有するように、ウエルまたはスタッド(5)を作製する、
を行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1つによるバイオチップを製造する方法。 - 以下の工程:
c)選択的な転写にて、基体と共有結合を作らせるようにするシランまたはシラノールから選択される捕捉保持基を一端で有し、CH 3 およびそのハロゲン化誘導体から選択される安定した不活性な化学官能基を他端で有する(CH 2 )p(1<p<30)タイプの炭化水素鎖からなる第一の物質の分子の単層を付着させ、そして
d)基体を、シラン官能基またはシラノール官能基から選択される共有結合で基体に固定させるのに適した基を一端で有し、そして、酸COOH官能基またはアルコールOH官能基を示す基から選択される共有結合でプローブ分子に固定させるのに適した基を他端で有する第二の物質を含む溶液に浸漬させる、
を行うことを特徴とする請求項9による方法。 - 工程c)および/またはd)が、共有結合の形成を容易にさせるために、続いて熱処理することを特徴とする請求項10による方法。
- 工程b)の後、以下の工程、
e)シラン官能基またはシラノール官能基から選択される共有結合で基体に固定させるの に適した基を一端で有し、そして、酸COOH官能基またはアルコールOH官能基を示す基から選択される共有結合でプローブ分子に固定させるのに適した基を他端で有する第二の物質の分子の単層を、反射主表面(6)にわたって付着させ、そして
f)前記部位(5)の外部で、停止物質の層31を付着させる、
を行うことを特徴とする請求項9による方法。
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FR0109245A FR2827386B1 (fr) | 2001-07-11 | 2001-07-11 | Biopuce et son procede de fabrication |
PCT/FR2002/002365 WO2003008975A2 (fr) | 2001-07-11 | 2002-07-05 | Biopuce et son procede de fabrication |
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US (1) | US7700348B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1412753B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4215636B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE373237T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2002329331A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2453103C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60222430T2 (ja) |
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KR100634505B1 (ko) | 2004-06-16 | 2006-10-16 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 패턴화된 박막층을 갖는 마이크로어레이 기판 및마이크로어레이, 상기 마이크로어레이 기판 및마이크로어레이를 제조하는 방법 |
JP2006234583A (ja) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-09-07 | Kyocera Corp | 検出用基板 |
KR101435521B1 (ko) * | 2008-01-23 | 2014-08-29 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 바이오칩 |
DE102013210138A1 (de) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-04 | Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Gmbh | Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Vielzahl von Messbereichen auf einem Chip sowie Chip mit Messbereichen |
CN108367289B (zh) | 2015-12-02 | 2022-01-18 | 勃林格殷格翰维特梅迪卡有限公司 | 用于在芯片上产生多个测量区域的方法及具有多个测量区域的芯片 |
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US5156810A (en) * | 1989-06-15 | 1992-10-20 | Biocircuits Corporation | Biosensors employing electrical, optical and mechanical signals |
US5541057A (en) * | 1989-09-18 | 1996-07-30 | Biostar, Inc. | Methods for detection of an analyte |
US5814565A (en) * | 1995-02-23 | 1998-09-29 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Integrated optic waveguide immunosensor |
AT403961B (de) * | 1995-03-17 | 1998-07-27 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | Optochemisches messsystem mit einem fluoreszenzsensor |
US5770884A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1998-06-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Very dense integrated circuit package |
US5812272A (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-09-22 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Apparatus and method with tiled light source array for integrated assay sensing |
US6008892A (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 1999-12-28 | Molecular Dynamics, Inc. | Optical substrate for enhanced detectability of fluorescence |
AU2638199A (en) * | 1998-03-02 | 1999-09-20 | Biosensing Technologies Ltd. | Luminescent microbe assay |
SE9904506D0 (sv) * | 1999-12-09 | 1999-12-09 | Karolinska Innovations Ab | Method for immobilisation |
-
2001
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US7700348B2 (en) | 2010-04-20 |
CA2453103A1 (fr) | 2003-01-30 |
CA2453103C (fr) | 2012-01-10 |
WO2003008975A2 (fr) | 2003-01-30 |
ATE373237T1 (de) | 2007-09-15 |
FR2827386A1 (fr) | 2003-01-17 |
DE60222430T2 (de) | 2008-05-29 |
EP1412753A2 (fr) | 2004-04-28 |
JP2004535585A (ja) | 2004-11-25 |
FR2827386B1 (fr) | 2003-10-31 |
WO2003008975A3 (fr) | 2004-02-12 |
EP1412753B1 (fr) | 2007-09-12 |
DE60222430D1 (de) | 2007-10-25 |
US20040248122A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
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