JP4090069B2 - 表面の異常を検出するための光学システムおよび方法 - Google Patents
表面の異常を検出するための光学システムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/956—Inspecting patterns on the surface of objects
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/94—Investigating contamination, e.g. dust
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/9501—Semiconductor wafers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/956—Inspecting patterns on the surface of objects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/956—Inspecting patterns on the surface of objects
- G01N21/95607—Inspecting patterns on the surface of objects using a comparative method
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/302—Contactless testing
- G01R31/308—Contactless testing using non-ionising electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical radiation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
- G01N2021/8822—Dark field detection
- G01N2021/8825—Separate detection of dark field and bright field
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/282—Testing of electronic circuits specially adapted for particular applications not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/2831—Testing of materials or semi-finished products, e.g. semiconductor wafers or substrates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L22/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment; Reliability measurements, i.e. testing of parts without further processing to modify the parts as such; Structural arrangements therefor
- H01L22/10—Measuring as part of the manufacturing process
- H01L22/12—Measuring as part of the manufacturing process for structural parameters, e.g. thickness, line width, refractive index, temperature, warp, bond strength, defects, optical inspection, electrical measurement of structural dimensions, metallurgic measurement of diffusions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
- Testing Or Measuring Of Semiconductors Or The Like (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
- Image Analysis (AREA)
- Image Input (AREA)
- Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
Description
検出感度の観点からは、照明スポット10の最小幅wが最小限度にされるようにシステム20の照明光学部分が設計されることが望ましい。最小幅wはレンズ36の焦点距離に比例し、ビーム28および32のビーム直径に反比例する。それ故に、最小幅wは、レンズ36の焦点距離を減少させるかビーム28の直径を増加させるか、または両者により減少させることができる。しかしながら、もしレンズ36の焦点距離が増大させられれば、これは走査線50の長さを増大させられることになり、好ましくない。ビーム28の直径がAOD30の結晶の透明窓と比較することができれる程度になればこれは高いレベルのサイドローブを生成することになり好ましくない。前述したように、サイドローブの増大させられたレベルは背景信号のレベルを増大させる。出願人はAOD30での透明窓のビーム28および32の直径に対する比率kが、1.2を超えることが好ましいことを発見した。
D=4klv/Πw Δf, (1)
ここにおいてΠは円周率である。
実際の製造現場でウェーハの全体的な表面を詳しく検査する半導体ウェーハ検査装置において、その装置の処理能力は絶対的なものである。それ故に、前述の感度の可能性に加えて、本発明のウェーハ検査システムは、高い処理能力をもつことを要求される。半導体ウェーハを検査するために必要な時間はまず、前記ウェーハの全表面を走査するための光ビームの照明のために必要な時間を含む。前述した短い走査通路区分の走査を実行するために、全体的な表面を走査するために必要な時間は多数の要因に依存する。明白な要因は、前記照明ビームの照明角度が図3に示されている検査対象の表面に垂直な線150と前記照明ビームとの角度Θである。Θの値が大きくなればなるほど(つまり入射のグレイジング角度がより小さくなる程) 図1Aにおけるスポット10の形がより長くなり、検査されるべき領域もより大きくなる。処理能力に影響するさらに他の要素は、照明ビームの強度分布が典型的には平坦ではなく変化し, 例えばガスウ分布の形をとる, という事実である。したがって、表面の上のある位置からの散乱の強度はその位置における照明光の強度に依存する。そのような強度の変動を補償するために、後述されるように図6に図解されているようにスポットが表面を移動させられる際、特定の位置からの散乱から多数のデータ点が得られる。
η=1−(4kl/Πw TΔf) (2)
ts =(NΠR2 TcosΘ+2Rτw )/ηlw (3)
Claims (2)
- 表面の汚染粒子またはパターン欠陥などの表面の異常を検出するための光学システムにおいて、
表面に垂直方向から50〜80°の範囲の斜角で表面を照明する偏光された放射ビームを供給する光学系と、
2つ以上の検出器と、
表面から散乱される放射をチャンネルに沿って収集し、かつ収集される散乱放射を検出器へ照射し、それに応じて検出器に出力信号を供給させる複数の光学素子であって、前記チャンネルおよび検出器が、各検出器が他の検出器によって感知される放射とは異なる方向で表面から散乱される放射を感知し、かつ前記検出器のうちの少なくとも1つが表面から3〜30°の範囲の仰角で放射ビームに対して前方方向に表面から散乱される放射を感知するような配置とする前記複数の光学素子と、
ビームと表面との間に相対運動を各々惹起させる移動ステージと音響光学偏向器を備える装置であって、ビームが表面全体を実質的にカバーする走査通路区分の複数のアレイを含むように構成される走査通路を走査し、少なくともいくつかのそのような走査通路区分の各々は表面の面積よりも短いスパンを有し、その結果ビームが表面の異なる部分を照明するようにさせられ、かつ検出器がビームによって照明される表面の異なる部分からの放射に応じて出力信号を発生するようにする前記装置と、
異常を識別するために検出器から異なる方向で表面の異なる部分から散乱される放射を考慮して前記検出器の出力信号からの情報を処理するプロセッサと、
を備える表面の汚染粒子またはパターン欠陥などの表面の異常を検出するための光学システム。 - 表面の汚染粒子またはパターン欠陥などの表面の異常を検出するための光学方法において、
偏光された放射ビームを用いて表面を表面に垂直方向から50〜80°の範囲の斜角で照明するステップと、
表面から散乱される放射をチャンネルに沿って収集し、かつ収集される散乱放射を2つ以上の検出器へ照射し、それに応じて検出器に出力信号を供給させ、各検出器が他の検出器によって感知される放射とは異なる方向で表面から散乱される放射を感知し、かつ前記検出器のうちの少なくとも1つが表面から3〜30°の範囲の仰角で放射ビームに対して前方方向に表面から散乱される放射を感知するように前記チャンネルおよび検出器を配置する収集および照射するステップと、
ビームと表面との間に音響光学偏向器と移動ステージにより相対運動を惹起させるステップであって、ビームが表面全体を実質的にカバーする走査通路区分の複数のアレイを含むように構成される走査通路を走査し、少なくともいくつかのそのような走査通路区分の各々は表面の面積よりも短いスパンを有し、その結果検出器がビームによって照明される表面の異なる部分からの放射に応じて出力信号を発生するようにする前記惹起させるステップと、
異常を識別するために検出器から異なる方向で表面の異なる部分から散乱される放射を考慮して前記検出器の出力信号からの情報を処理するステップと、
を含む表面の汚染粒子またはパターン欠陥などの表面の異常を検出するための光学方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US35166494A | 1994-12-08 | 1994-12-08 | |
US08/361,131 US5530550A (en) | 1994-12-21 | 1994-12-21 | Optical wafer positioning system |
US08/499,995 US5883710A (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-07-10 | Scanning system for inspecting anomalies on surfaces |
US08/536,862 US5864394A (en) | 1994-06-20 | 1995-09-29 | Surface inspection system |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP51781996A Division JP3874421B2 (ja) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-12-08 | 表面の異常を検査するための走査システム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006276026A JP2006276026A (ja) | 2006-10-12 |
JP4090069B2 true JP4090069B2 (ja) | 2008-05-28 |
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Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP51781996A Expired - Fee Related JP3874421B2 (ja) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-12-08 | 表面の異常を検査するための走査システム |
JP51783496A Expired - Fee Related JP3874422B2 (ja) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-12-08 | 表面検査システム |
JP2006129606A Expired - Lifetime JP4090069B2 (ja) | 1994-12-08 | 2006-05-08 | 表面の異常を検出するための光学システムおよび方法 |
JP2006129701A Expired - Lifetime JP4298720B2 (ja) | 1994-12-08 | 2006-05-08 | 表面検査システムおよび表面検査方法 |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP51781996A Expired - Fee Related JP3874421B2 (ja) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-12-08 | 表面の異常を検査するための走査システム |
JP51783496A Expired - Fee Related JP3874422B2 (ja) | 1994-12-08 | 1995-12-08 | 表面検査システム |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006129701A Expired - Lifetime JP4298720B2 (ja) | 1994-12-08 | 2006-05-08 | 表面検査システムおよび表面検査方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5864394A (ja) |
EP (3) | EP0797763B1 (ja) |
JP (4) | JP3874421B2 (ja) |
KR (4) | KR100457803B1 (ja) |
WO (2) | WO1996018093A1 (ja) |
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- 1995-12-08 WO PCT/US1995/016172 patent/WO1996018093A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-12-08 JP JP51781996A patent/JP3874421B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP3874422B2 (ja) | 2007-01-31 |
JP2006220667A (ja) | 2006-08-24 |
KR100457803B1 (ko) | 2005-04-20 |
WO1996018093A1 (en) | 1996-06-13 |
EP0797763A1 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
KR19980700562A (ja) | 1998-03-30 |
US5864394A (en) | 1999-01-26 |
KR100481118B1 (ko) | 2005-09-07 |
EP0797763B1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
KR20040033060A (ko) | 2004-04-17 |
EP1777511A2 (en) | 2007-04-25 |
KR20040033059A (ko) | 2004-04-17 |
JP2006276026A (ja) | 2006-10-12 |
EP0797763A4 (en) | 1999-03-24 |
EP0804722A1 (en) | 1997-11-05 |
EP1777511A3 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
JP2001525918A (ja) | 2001-12-11 |
WO1996018094A1 (en) | 1996-06-13 |
EP0804722A4 (en) | 1999-03-24 |
EP0804722B1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
KR100669845B1 (ko) | 2007-01-16 |
JP3874421B2 (ja) | 2007-01-31 |
KR100669846B1 (ko) | 2007-01-16 |
JPH10510359A (ja) | 1998-10-06 |
JP4298720B2 (ja) | 2009-07-22 |
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