JP3673813B2 - Sterilization method and sterilization stirrer for planted soil - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a sterilization method at the time of adjustment of planted soil used for plant cultivation, and a sterilization stirring device that simultaneously sterilizes and agitates a planted soil base material at the time of adjustment.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems]
Conventionally, when cultivating a plant, planting soil used to plant seedlings or seeds of the plant is mixed with a planting soil base material such as sawdust or rice bran in an appropriate ratio by a stirring device. Appropriate amount of fertilizer is added and adjusted. However, it takes a very long time to adjust the planting soil.
Because the planting soil base material is first disinfected or sterilized by steam when looking at the breakdown of the adjustment process, this sterilization process is performed by storing the planting soil base material in a predetermined container. Since the sterilization is performed by jetting steam from the bottom of the container, it takes a long time to raise the planted soil base material above the container to a sterilizable temperature. In terms of work efficiency, the stack height cannot be reduced too much.
[0003]
Then, after the temperature of the planted soil base above the container rises to a sterilizable temperature, the planted soil base is sterilized by spraying steam for a certain period of time, and then the planted soil base is removed from the container At the same time, it spreads on a sheet or the like and moves to a cooling step for lowering the temperature of the planting soil substrate. In addition, this cooling process may be performed in a container, which is performed by sending air into the container after sterilization, but since the air is injected from the bottom of the container in the same manner as the above-described steam injection, It takes a long time for the temperature of the upper planting soil substrate to drop, and therefore it does not change much in terms of time from the method of lowering the temperature by spreading it on a sheet or the like.
[0004]
Furthermore, the planted soil base material whose temperature has been lowered is put into a stirrer, and the process proceeds to a stirring process using the stirrer. Several kinds of planted soil base materials are mixed appropriately, and an appropriate amount of fertilizer is mixed therewith. In addition, it is appropriately adjusted to planting soil suitable for cultivation of crops, horticulture and plants such as mushrooms.
As mentioned above, in the adjustment work of planting soil, it takes a very long time for the sterilization process and the cooling process, and the work must be carried out by using two devices, a sterilization device and a stirring device, The adjustment work of the planting soil is extremely inefficient, and the improvement has been eagerly desired by many who are engaged in plant cultivation.
[0005]
【the purpose】
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and provides a sterilization method capable of improving the adjustment efficiency of planted soil and a sterilization stirring apparatus capable of performing all adjustment operations including sterilization. It is intended to do.
[0006]
[Means for solving problems]
The gist of the present invention is that the planted soil base material is put into a container provided with stirring means, the planted soil base material is stirred by the stirring means, and steam is injected into the container to plant the planted soil base material. A planting soil sterilization method characterized in that the planting soil substrate is stirred and sterilized at the same time.
[0007]
The apparatus according to the sterilization method includes at least a container having an inlet for planted soil base material, and a stirring means for stirring the planted soil base material in the container. The plant soil is sterilized and agitated with a steam conduction path and its injection port provided in the means.
[0008]
The sterilization method and sterilization stirrer of the present invention will be described in more detail. The container contains a planting soil base material such as sawdust or rice bran, and is an inlet for introducing the planting soil base material into the upper part. In addition, an outlet for adjusted planting soil is provided in the lower part.
Further, the stirring means is a mechanism unit configured to mix, that is, stir the planted soil base material in the container.
[0009]
A stirring device is a combination of at least the above-described container and stirring means, and a steam is jetted from an appropriate part of the container or stirring means that is a component of the stirring apparatus to stir the planting soil base material. However, it is a method of performing sterilization with the steam, and an apparatus capable of doing so.
The planting soil adjusted thereby is soil used when cultivating plants, seeds, and the like, and this soil is called a culture medium in mushroom cultivation. Plants have leaves, stems, roots, and the like, and seeds include mushroom-cultivated inoculum and the like.
[0010]
Also in the shape of the container, it is sufficient that the planting soil base material in the container can be stirred by the stirring means, and if the shape or structure of the stirring means is taken into account, the shape can be efficiently stirred. Good. Specifically, a shape such as a horizontally long or vertically long cube or cylinder, or a shape obtained by curving the lower side of a cube or an inverted triangle may be used.
Even at the inlet, the shape and structure are not limited as long as the planting soil base material can be input, and the cross section may be circular or square. Moreover, you may provide a cover in an opening part. The inlet may be formed separately in the container, but all or part of the upper part of the container may be opened, and the opening may be used as the inlet.
[0011]
In the stirring means, the plant soil base material in the container can be mixed, that is, any shape or structure can be used as long as it can be stirred, considering the shape of the container, etc. What is necessary is just to determine the form, structure, etc.
Specifically, at least a horizontal axis and a blade capable of stirring the planting soil base material on the horizontal axis may be provided. In addition, the blade may be formed in an auger shape by surrounding one or more spiral blades around the horizontal axis, or a single blade may be erected at a predetermined interval around the horizontal axis. The blades of any form may be used as long as the planted soil base material can be stirred.
[0012]
Further, the container or the stirring means, or the container and the stirring means are provided with a steam passage and its injection port, from which steam is injected into the container to perform stirring and sterilization at the same time. .
And the arrangement | positioning site | part of the injection port to a container is not specifically limited, What is necessary is just to arrange | position an appropriate number to a suitable site | part. The specific part may be provided below or on the side of the container, that is, on the bottom or peripheral wall of the container. Of course, you may provide in both a bottom part and a side wall. At the bottom, when the shape of the container is a shape curved at the bottom of the container, the bottom includes a range that rises somewhat on both sides from the lowest point of the container.
[0013]
Moreover, the arrangement | positioning site | part of the injection port to a stirring means is not specifically limited, What is necessary is just to arrange | position an appropriate number to a suitable site | part. Specific parts include a part that is moving in the planted soil base material in the container for stirring and a part that enters and leaves the planted soil base material.
And when the stirring means is configured to provide at least a horizontal axis and a blade capable of stirring the planting soil base material on the horizontal axis, the specific part is provided around the horizontal axis. Just do it. Moreover, what is necessary is just to provide in the single side | surface or both surfaces of a blade | wing. Of course, you may provide in both a horizontal axis and a blade | wing.
[0014]
Up to the above-mentioned injection port, the steam is guided by a material that can withstand the temperature of the steam, for example, a pipe made of metal, or the steam is supplied to the bottom wall / side wall of the container and the horizontal shaft / blade of the stirring means. A conducting path for guiding may be formed, and steam may be passed through the conducting path and guided to the injection port.
When steam is passed through the container or the stirring means, the container or the stirring means must be made of a material that can withstand the temperature of the steam.
[0015]
Any steam may be used as long as it is effective for sterilization, and normal pressure or high pressure steam may be used as appropriate. Moreover, what is necessary is just to inject the injection force of a vapor | steam with a suitable pressure.
And the steam generator for generating steam for sterilization is configured to be provided separately from the sterilization stirrer and supplied from the steam generator to the steam inlet of the sterilization stirrer by piping such as a pipe, Or you may make it install and install in this sterilization stirring apparatus. An opening / closing valve for controlling the supply of steam is preferably provided at least upstream of the injection port, and the valve is not particularly limited, but is preferably an electromagnetic valve that can be electrically opened and closed.
[0016]
And after performing stirring and sterilization of the planting soil base material mentioned above simultaneously, the gas for cooling is injected from the injection port of steam, and the planting soil made by mixing the planting soil base material is cooled. You may make it do. The cooling gas is preferably injected while stirring.
The gas for cooling should just be the gas which can lower the temperature of planting soil, for example, normal temperature or low temperature air may be sufficient as it. What is necessary is just to pass it through a steam piping using a blower etc. and to send to an injection port.
Further, switching between the steam and the cooling gas may be performed using a valve or the like as appropriate, and may be performed manually or automatically.
Furthermore, you may make it adjust until it becomes suitable planting soil for the plant or seed to grow, adding and stirring a suitable fertilizer to the cooled planting soil.
[0017]
[Action]
Since the sterilization method and sterilization stirrer of the present invention are configured as described above, steam can be sprayed in a short time by spraying steam while stirring the planted soil base material. It can be extended to every corner of the material.
Moreover, since a planting soil base material is mixed during sterilization, completion of sterilization and adjustment of planted soil are completed simultaneously.
Furthermore, since the temperature of the planted soil quickly decreases due to the injection of the cooling gas, the waiting time until the fertilizer is charged is short.
The above operations, that is, from the sterilization of the planted soil base material to the adjustment of the planted soil to which the fertilizer is added, can be performed with this sterilization stirrer.
[0018]
【Example】
The sterilization method and sterilization stirrer of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a process diagram of the sterilization method according to the present invention.
(A) The figure is the process by which the planting soil base material 7 is thrown into the sterilization stirring apparatus 1, and the sterilization by the injection | spray of the steam 53 and the stirring by the blade | wing 4 are performed simultaneously.
(B) The figure is a process in which the planted soil 8 formed by air 62 being jetted and mixed with the planted soil base material 7 is cooled.
(C) The figure is a process in which an appropriate fertilizer 9 is added to the cooled planted soil 8 and stirred to adjust the desired planted soil 10.
[0019]
FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of the sterilizing and stirring device, where 1 is a sterilizing and stirring device, 2 is a storage tank in which the planting soil base material 7 and the like are placed, 21 is a side wall of the storage tank 2, and 22 is a bottom Reference numeral 23 denotes a wall, 23 is an inlet for putting the planting soil base material 7 and the like, and 24 is an outlet of the adjusted planting soil 8/10.
3 is a horizontal shaft, 31 is a bearing of the horizontal shaft 3, and 34 is a drive unit for rotating the horizontal shaft 3. Reference numeral 32 denotes an injection port disposed around the horizontal axis 3. When the planted soil base material 7 is sterilized, the steam 53 is injected, and when the planted soil 8 is cooled, the air 62 is injected. Is injected.
[0020]
4 is a blade attached around the horizontal axis 3, and the planted soil base material 7 is stirred by the blade 4 to be adjusted to the planted soil 8.
5 is a steam generator for generating the sterilizing steam 53, 51 is a delivery pipe for sending out the generated steam 53, and 52 is a joint for connecting the delivery pipe 51 and the conduction path 33 of the horizontal shaft 3. .
6 is a blower for sending out cooling air 62, 61 is a switching valve, and the switching valve 61 appropriately switches between the steam 53 and the air 62.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view of the sterilization stirrer, and a conduction path 33 for steam 53 or air 62 is formed inside the horizontal shaft 3.
[0021]
FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view of the horizontal shaft. The horizontal shaft 3 has a conduction path 33 formed therein for allowing the steam 53 or air 62 to pass therethrough. It passes through the passage 33 and is ejected from the injection port 32 into the planted soil base 7 or the planted soil 8. Reference numeral 4 denotes a stirring blade.
[0022]
FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway side view of a blade provided with an injection port, and this figure shows a form in which the injection ports for steam 53 or air 62 are arranged on both surfaces of the blade 4.
The steam 53 or the air 62 passes through the conduction path 42 formed in the blade 4 from the conduction path 33 in the horizontal shaft 3, and is ejected from the injection port 41 into the planted soil base material 7 or the planted soil 8. .
[0023]
FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway side view of the storage tank in which the injection port is provided at the bottom, and this figure shows a form in which the injection port of the steam 53 or the air 62 is arranged on the bottom wall 22 of the storage tank 2. Is.
The steam 53 or the air 62 passes through the conduction path 26 in the bottom wall 22 of the storage tank 2 and is jetted from the spray port 25 into the planted soil base material 7 or the planted soil 8. Reference numeral 27 denotes an inlet for the steam 53 or the air 62.
[0024]
FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view of the storage tank in which the injection port is provided on the side wall. FIG. 7 shows a form in which the injection port for the steam 53 or the air 62 is provided on the side wall 21 of the storage tank 2. Is.
The steam 53 or the air 62 passes through the conduction path 26 in the bottom wall 22 of the storage tank 2, passes through the conduction path 26 in the side wall 21, and is ejected from the injection port 25 into the planted soil base 7 or the planted soil 8. . Reference numeral 27 denotes an inlet for the steam 53 or the air 62.
[0025]
【effect】
As described above, the sterilization method and the sterilization stirrer of the present invention sterilize by spraying steam while stirring the planted soil base material, so that it is surely sterilized every corner of the planted soil base material in a short time. be able to. Moreover, since the planting soil base material is mixed during sterilization, the sterilization and the adjustment of the planted soil can be terminated simultaneously.
And since the temperature of planting soil falls quickly by injection of the gas for cooling, the waiting time until injection | pouring of a fertilizer is also shortened.
[0026]
Therefore, by using the sterilization method and the sterilization stirrer of the present invention, it is possible to greatly shorten the time from the sterilization of the planted soil base material to the planted soil added with the fertilizer, Adjustment work can be performed with high efficiency.
Moreover, the adjustment operation | work until it obtains the planting soil which added the fertilizer from the sterilization of a planting soil base material can be performed only with this sterilization stirring apparatus.
[0027]
In terms of economy, the time required for sterilization can be extremely short, so that the fuel required for generating steam can be greatly reduced, and this is an economically excellent sterilization method.
And since especially shortening of sterilization time or cooling time was aimed at, the adjustment work efficiency of planting soil also improved and, as a result, it contributes also to improvement of cultivation efficiency.
Moreover, since adjustment of planting soil can be performed only by this sterilization stirring apparatus, it is also possible to perform planting soil adjustment work fully automatically by predetermined control, and it leads also to labor saving.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Process diagram of the sterilization method according to the present invention [Fig. 2] Side view of the sterilization stirrer with a part cut away [Fig. 3] Front view of part of the sterilization stirrer [Fig. 4] Part of the horizontal axis Cutaway side view [Fig. 5] Partially cutaway side view of a blade provided with an injection port [Fig.6] Partially cutaway side view of a storage tank provided with an injection port at the bottom [Fig.7] Front view of part of the storage tank provided on the side wall [Explanation of symbols]
1- sterilization stirrer, 2-container tank, 21-side wall, 22-bottom wall, 23-inlet, 24-outlet, 25-injection port, 26-conduction path, 27-inlet, 3-horizontal axis, 31-bearing, 32-injection port, 33-conducting path, 34-drive unit, 4-blade, 41-injection port, 42-conducting path, 5-steam generator, 51-delivery pipe, 52-joint, 53- Steam, 6-blower, 61-switching valve, 62-air, 7-planted soil substrate, 8-planted soil, 9-fertilizer, 10-planted soil

Claims (4)

  The planted soil base material is put into a container provided with stirring means, and the planted soil base material is stirred with the stirring means, and steam is injected into the container to stir and sterilize the planted soil base material. It is a method to be performed simultaneously, characterized in that the stirring means comprises at least a horizontal axis and blades provided on the horizontal axis so that the planted soil base material can be stirred, and the steam is jetted from the blades. How to sterilize planting soil.   The planted soil base material is put into a container provided with stirring means, and the planted soil base material is stirred with the stirring means, and steam is injected into the container to stir and sterilize the planted soil base material. This is a method of cooling the planted soil by spraying a cooling gas instead of steam, and the stirring means can stir the planted soil substrate at least on the horizontal axis and the horizontal axis A planted soil sterilization method comprising: provided blades, and jetting the steam or gas from the blades.   The planted soil base material is put into a container provided with stirring means, and the planted soil base material is stirred with the stirring means, and steam is injected into the container to stir and sterilize the planted soil base material. It is performed at the same time, then it is converted into steam and sprayed with a cooling gas to cool the planting soil, and then fertilizer is added and stirred, the stirring means at least on the horizontal axis and the horizontal axis A method for sterilizing planted soil, comprising: a planted soil base comprising blades provided so as to be capable of stirring; and jetting the steam or gas from the blades.   A container having at least a planting soil base material inlet and a stirring means for stirring the planting soil base material in the container, and a steam conduction path to the container and / or the stirring means. An apparatus provided with the injection port, wherein the stirring means is composed of at least a horizontal axis and a blade provided on the horizontal axis so that the planted soil base material can be stirred. The planting soil sterilization stirring device characterized by that an appropriate number of is provided.

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