JP2004016053A - Gas supply apparatus and stirrer equipped with the apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas supply apparatus which can supply needed gas only by one connection work, and to provide a stirrer which can perform all of a series of works from a work for sterilizing a cultivation soil base material to a work for preparing the cultivation soil with the apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: This gas supply apparatus 1 is characterized by comprising a boiler 2 for producing steam and a heat exchanger for producing cold air and hot air, gathering the outputs of them into an output port 51 capable of being connected to the outside and supplying the prescribed outputs from the output port 51. The stirrer 6 is also characterized by disposing a receiving tank 7 having a port 73 for charging the cultivation soil base material 10, disposing a horizontal shaft 8 on which a blade 9 for stirring the cultivation soil base material 10 is vertically disposed, in the receiving tank 7, and disposing an input port 82 capable of being connected to the output port 51 and a conduit 83 in which many jet ports 84 continued from the input port 82 are formed, on the horizontal shaft 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a gas supply device used for sterilization of a planting soil substrate used for plant cultivation and the like, and a stirrer provided with the device, which performs from sterilization of a planting soil substrate to soil adjustment.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems]
Conventionally, when cultivating a plant, planting soil used for planting seedlings or seeds of the plant, planting soil base materials such as sawdust and rice bran are mixed in an appropriate ratio, and an appropriate amount of Fertilizer is mixed and adjusted.
However, it takes a very long time to adjust the planting soil. Looking at the details of the adjustment process, first, the plant soil substrate is disinfected or sterilized. In this sterilization step, the plant soil material is stacked and stored in a predetermined container, steam is sent from a sterilization device connected to the container, and the steam is injected from the bottom of the container to perform sterilization. For this reason, it takes a long time to raise the plant soil substrate above the container to a temperature that can be sterilized. In terms of work efficiency, the height of the stack cannot be too low.
[0003]
After the temperature of the plant soil substrate above the container has risen to a sterilizable temperature, steam is injected for a certain period of time to sterilize the plant soil substrate. Thereafter, the planted soil base material is taken out of the container, spread on a sheet or the like, and a cooling step for lowering the temperature of the planted soil base material and drying it is started. In addition, this cooling step may be performed in a container, in which case, instead of a sterilizing device, a blower is connected and air is sent into the container, which is performed similarly to the above-described steam injection. Since the air is injected from the bottom of the container, it takes a long time until the temperature of the planting soil substrate above the container drops and the plant is dried. However, in the method of spreading on a sheet or the like, cooling using a blower is performed in many cases because of the trouble of taking out the planting soil base material from the container or spreading on the sheet.
[0004]
Further, the planted soil base material that has been dried at a reduced temperature is put into a stirrer, the process proceeds to a stirring step by the stirrer, and several kinds of planted soil base materials are appropriately mixed and an appropriate amount thereof is added thereto. Fertilizers are mixed in and adjusted as appropriate to planting soil suitable for plant cultivation such as crops, horticulture and mushrooms.
Therefore, in the work of adjusting the planting soil, the sterilization process and the cooling process take an extremely long time, and the operation must be performed using at least two devices, a sterilization device and a stirring device. When the soil substrate is cooled in a container that has been sterilized, the work of changing the sterilization device and the cooling device is also added, and the adjustment work on the planted soil requires not only the time required for the adjustment work but also the sterilization device It took much time and labor to change the connection, and the work efficiency was extremely low.
[0005]
【Purpose】
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its object to provide a gas supply device that can supply a required gas with one connection. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stirrer capable of performing all of a series of operations from sterilization of wood to adjustment of planting soil.
[0006]
[Means to solve the problem]
The gist of the present invention is that steam generating means, cold air generating means and hot air generating means are provided, and the output of each means intersects with one externally connectable output port, and the means selected from the output port Is supplied.
[0007]
Explaining the gas supply device of the present invention in detail, the steam generating means generates steam at a temperature capable of killing various bacteria in the planting soil substrate, that is, steam for sterilizing the bacteria. .
The configuration and method are not particularly limited, and the water is supplied from a suitable water storage means or an external water receiving means into a boiler serving as a steam generation site to generate steam at an appropriate temperature. You may. The steam may be any steam that is effective for sterilization, and may be normal pressure or high pressure steam. Furthermore, the steam may be injected at a suitable pressure.
Although the water used in the boiler is not particularly limited, it is desirable that the water is desirably passed through a water softener to make the water soft.
[0008]
The cool air generating means is for cooling the sterilized plant soil substrate, that is, for generating cold air for cooling the plant soil substrate heated by steam.
The configuration and method are not particularly limited, and the room temperature air may be further cooled by a heat exchanger and the cooled air may be sent. Further, the humidity of the cooling air may be appropriately adjusted. Of course, room temperature or room temperature can be relatively cool air, and this may be sent as it is.
[0009]
The hot air generating means generates hot air for drying the sterilized plant soil substrate or the cooled plant soil substrate.
The configuration and method are not particularly limited, and heat may be obtained by burning electricity or fuel as appropriate. In the case where the above-mentioned steam generating means is constituted by a boiler, the heat of the boiler may be used to heat room-temperature air by a heat exchanger, and the heated air may be sent. Further, the humidity of the heated air may be appropriately adjusted.
[0010]
It is preferable that the output of each unit described above is collected at one output port that can be connected to the outside, and the output of each unit is supplied from the output port.
The portion to be collected at the output port may be appropriately selected depending on the configuration and method of each means, and is not particularly limited. For example, a part close to the output port, a part close to the output port of each means, and three outputs of each means are crossed at one intersection, or two outputs are appropriately combined and crossed. Another output may be mixed. Further, a safety valve may be provided in a pipe line following the output port.
[0011]
The output of each means is supplied by activating the desired means so that the output is supplied from the output port, or each means is started in an idling state, and the desired means provided in the pipe line is provided. The output may be supplied from the output port by shifting from the idling state to the output supply state by opening an appropriate valve such as a solenoid valve of the means.
[0012]
Each of the above-described units may be provided on a towable or self-propelled bogie. The towable trolley is composed of, for example, a housing and / or a gantry provided with wheels capable of mounting at least each of the steam generating means, the cold air generating means, and the hot air generating means, and is provided on the housing and / or the gantry. A traction means such as a hook which can be connected to or connected to traction means of a vehicle such as an automobile or a tractor is provided.
The self-propelled trolley includes, for example, a housing and / or a gantry provided with wheels on which the steam generating means, the cold air generating means, and the hot air generating means can be mounted, and further, at least a power for rotating the wheels. An operating device such as a means, a steering means for changing the moving direction, and a traveling control means for controlling the progress stop is provided.
[0013]
Further, the carts may be provided with a power generating means for supplying power to desired means, a power receiving / distributing means for receiving external power and distributing power to the desired means, and the like.
In addition, a stirrer using the above-described gas supply device includes a container having at least an inlet for a planting soil base, a stirring unit for stirring the planting soil base in the container, A stirrer comprising the gas supply device described above, wherein the container and / or the stirrer are provided with a conduction path and an injection port following the gas supply device.
[0014]
The container accommodates a planting soil base such as sawdust and rice bran, and is provided at an upper portion with an inlet for feeding the planting soil base.
Also in the shape of the container, it is sufficient that the planting soil base material in the container can be stirred by the stirring means, and in consideration of the form or structure of the stirring means, the shape can be efficiently stirred. Good. Specifically, the shape may be a horizontally long or vertically long cube, a columnar body, or the like, or a shape in which the lower part of a cube or an inverted triangular body is curved.
[0015]
The shape, structure and the like of the planting soil substrate are not limited as long as the planting soil base material can be fed into the feeding port, and may be circular or square in cross section. And the charging port may be formed in the container as a separate body, but the whole or a part of the upper portion of the container may be opened, or a structure in which an appropriate passage extending from the charging port to the inside of the container may be provided. Good. Of course, a lid may be provided at the input port.
In addition, when the planting soil base material is turned into planting soil by appropriate agitation, the planting soil may be taken out from the opening of the input port, but is also taken into the lower part of the container for work. It is desirable to provide an exit.
[0016]
The stirring means is a mechanism configured to be able to mix, ie, stir, the plant soil substrate in the container.
In the stirring means, any form or structure may be used as long as it is configured to be able to mix or stir the planting soil base material in the container, taking into account the shape of the container and the like. The form, structure, etc. may be determined.
Specifically, at least a horizontal axis and a blade capable of stirring the plant soil substrate may be provided on the horizontal axis. In addition, the blades may be formed as one or more spiral blades around the horizontal axis to form an auger, or a single blade may be erected at predetermined intervals around the horizontal axis. Any shape may be used as long as the plant soil substrate can be agitated.
[0017]
A combination of at least the above-described container and the stirring means is a stirring apparatus, and the present stirring apparatus is a stirring apparatus provided with the above-described gas supply device in addition to the container and the stirring means. .
The installation site of the gas supply device is not particularly limited. For example, the gas supply device may be installed adjacent to or adjacent to the container body, or may be a steam generation device / a cold air generation device / hot air The generating means may be separately provided at appropriate portions of the container suitable for their installation.
[0018]
This agitating device sterilizes the planting soil substrate by injecting steam from an appropriate portion of the container and / or the stirring means while stirring the planting soil substrate, and converts the steam into hot air after the sterilization is completed. Then, the planting soil base material is dried, and after the drying is completed, the steam is changed to cold air, and the cold air is jetted to cool the planting soil base material.
Then, an appropriate amount of fertilizer or the like is mixed and added to the planting soil base material, and the mixture is stirred to adjust the planting soil suitable for plant cultivation.
[0019]
Also, the location of the injection port of the container is not particularly limited, and an appropriate number may be provided at a suitable location.
The specific portion may be provided below or on the side of the container, that is, on the bottom or peripheral wall of the container. Of course, it may be provided on both the bottom and the side wall. In the case where the shape of the container is such that the bottom of the container is curved at the bottom, the bottom also includes a range that slightly rises to both sides from the lowest point of the container.
[0020]
In addition, the location of the injection port of the stirring means is not particularly limited, and an appropriate number may be provided at a suitable location.
As a specific part, a part moving in the planting soil base material in the container for agitation or a part going in and out of the planting soil base material is used.
And when the stirring means is configured by providing at least a horizontal axis and a blade capable of stirring the planting soil base material on the horizontal axis, as a specific portion thereof, it is provided around the horizontal axis. Just do it. Also, it may be provided on one or both sides of the blade. Of course, it may be provided on both the horizontal axis and the blade.
[0021]
Up to the above-mentioned injection port, the steam is guided by a material capable of withstanding the temperature of the steam, for example, a pipe made of metal, or the steam is introduced into the bottom wall / side wall of the container or the horizontal shaft / blade of the stirring means. It is also possible to form a conduction path for guiding, pass the vapor through the conduction path, and guide the vapor to the injection port.
When steam is allowed to pass through the container or the stirring means, the container or the stirring means must be made of a material that can withstand the temperature of the steam.
[0022]
[Action]
Since the gas supply device of the present invention and the stirrer provided with this device are configured as described above, the gas supply device is a means selected from one output port, that is, a steam generation unit / cold air generation unit / hot air Any output of the generating means can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to quickly shift from the currently used output to the next output.
[0023]
The stirrer is configured such that the planted soil base material is stirred by the stirring means and steam is supplied from the steam generating means of the gas supply device, and the planted soil base material is stirred and stirred in the container and / or the stirrer. Sterilized by steam injected from a suitable part of the means.
Next, upon completion of the sterilization, hot air is blown from the hot air generating means, and the planted soil base material is dried by hot air sprayed from a suitable portion of the container and / or the stirring means while being stirred.
[0024]
Further, the steam is stopped and cool air is supplied from the cool air generating means, and the planted soil substrate is cooled by the cool air jetted from a suitable portion of the container and / or the stirring means while being stirred.
An appropriate amount of fertilizer or the like is added to the dried and cooled planting soil base material, and the mixture is stirred to adjust the planting soil suitable for plant cultivation.
Since the steam is injected while the plant soil substrate is being stirred, the steam can be spread to all corners of the plant soil substrate in a short time. In addition, since the plant soil substrate is mixed during the sterilization, the completion of the sterilization and the mixing of the plant soil substrate are completed at the same time.
[0025]
Then, since the plant soil substrate is dried by the injection of the hot air, the waiting time until the introduction of the fertilizer is reduced, and the temperature of the plant soil substrate is quickly lowered by the injection of the cool air.
By using the present apparatus, a series of operations from sterilization of the planting soil base material to adjustment of the planting soil to which fertilizer has been added can be all performed.
[0026]
【Example】
The gas supply device of the present invention and the stirring device provided with the device will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the gas supply device and the stirring device according to the present invention.
The configuration of the gas supply device 1 includes a boiler 2 serving as steam generating means and a heat exchanger 3 serving as cold air or hot air generating means, and outputs thereof (steam / cold air / hot air) are output to an externally connectable output port 51. And a predetermined output is supplied from the output port 51. In this figure, the gas supply device 1 is connected to the stirring device 6, but the gas supply device 1 may be connected to any device.
[0027]
The structure of the stirring device 6 includes a storage tank 7 having an inlet 73 for the planting soil base material 10, and a horizontal shaft 8 having standing blades 9 for stirring the planting soil base material 10 in the storage tank 7. The horizontal shaft 8 is provided with an input port 82 connectable to the output port 51 of the gas supply device 1 and a conduction path 83 formed with a number of injection ports 84 continuing from the input port 82. The predetermined output from the gas supply device 1 passes through the conduction path 83 of the horizontal shaft 8 and is injected from the injection port 84. In this drawing, the stirring device 6 is connected to the gas supply device 1, but the gas supply device 1 may be provided inside the stirring device 6.
[0028]
FIG. 2 is a side view of a trolley on which the gas supply device is mounted. FIG. 2 shows the trolley 1a with the gas supply device 1 mounted thereon. The figure is the right side. 1b is a coupler for connecting to a vehicle or a tractor during towing.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a boiler serving as steam generating means, reference numeral 21 denotes a water storage tank for storing water supplied to the boiler 2, reference numeral 22 denotes a water softening device for softening supplied water, and reference numeral 3 denotes heat exchange serving as cold air or hot air generating means. Unit 4 is a compressor that operates when cold air is supplied. Hot air is produced by a heat exchanger using the heat of the boiler 2.
[0029]
Reference numeral 5 denotes an air supply pipe for outputs from the boiler 2 and the heat exchanger 3, and reference numeral 51 denotes an output port serving as an outlet for outputting the steam, cold air, and hot air, which are the outputs thereof, to the outside.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view of the stirring device, 6 is a stirring device, 7 is a storage tank in which the planting soil base material 10 and the like are put, 71 is a side wall of the storage tank 7, 72 is a bottom wall, Reference numeral 73 denotes an input port for receiving the plant soil substrate 10 and the like, and reference numeral 74 denotes an outlet for the adjusted plant soil 12.
[0030]
Reference numeral 8 denotes a horizontal shaft, 81 denotes a bearing of the horizontal shaft 8, 82 denotes an input port for a predetermined output from the gas supply device 1, and 85 denotes a driving unit for rotating the horizontal shaft 8. Reference numeral 84 denotes an injection port disposed around the horizontal shaft 8, and when sterilizing the plant soil substrate 10, the steam A is supplied by the boiler 2 of the gas supply device 1 and the steam A is supplied. When cooling the planted soil base material 10 which has been sprayed and stirred, the hot air C is supplied by the heat exchanger 3 of the gas supply device 1 and the hot air C is sprayed. The cool air B is supplied by the heat exchanger 3 of the supply device 1 and the cool air B is injected.
[0031]
Reference numeral 9 denotes a blade mounted around the horizontal axis 8. The blade 9 stirs the plant soil substrate 10, and the fertilizer 11 is added to adjust the plant soil 12. FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway front view of the stirrer unit, and FIG. 6 is a stirring device, 7 is a storage tank, 71 is a side wall of the storage tank 7, 72 is a bottom wall, 73 is an inlet, and 74 is an outlet.
Reference numeral 8 denotes a horizontal axis, in which a conduction path 83 of a predetermined output (steam A / cold air B / hot air C) supplied from the gas supply device 1 is formed. 9 is a feather.
[0032]
FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway side view of the horizontal axis. The horizontal axis 8 has a conduction path 83 for a predetermined output (steam A / cool air B / hot air C) formed therein. The gas is supplied from the gas supply device 1 to the input port 82, and then passes through the conduction path 83 and is jetted from the jet port 84. 9 is a blade for stirring.
FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway side view of a blade provided with an injection port. In this figure, an injection port of a predetermined output (steam A / cold air B / hot air C) is provided on both surfaces of the blade 9. It is shown.
[0033]
The predetermined output (steam A / cold air B / hot air C) is supplied from the gas supply device 1 to the input port 82 of the horizontal shaft 8, and formed in the conduction path 83 and the blade 9 in the horizontal shaft 8. It passes through the conduction path 91 and is ejected from the ejection port 92.
FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view of a storage tank having an injection port provided at a bottom portion. FIG. 7 shows a state in which an injection port having a predetermined output (steam A / cold air B / hot air C) is connected to the bottom wall of the storage tank 7. 72 shows the arrangement provided.
[0034]
The predetermined output (steam A / cold air B / hot air C) is supplied from the gas supply device 1 to the input port 75 of the storage tank 7, and passes through the conduction path 76 in the bottom wall 72 of the storage tank 7. It gushes from the ejection opening 77. Reference numeral 8 denotes a horizontal shaft, 81 denotes a bearing, and 9 denotes a stirring blade.
FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway front view of a storage tank having an injection port provided on a side wall. FIG. 8 shows a state in which an injection port having a predetermined output (steam A / cool air B / hot air C) is provided on the side wall 71 of the storage tank 7. FIG.
[0035]
The predetermined output (steam A / cold air B / hot air C) is supplied from the gas supply device 1 to the input port 75 of the storage tank 7, and from the conduction path 76 in the bottom wall 72 of the storage tank 7 to the side wall 71. And jets out from the injection port 77 through the conduction path 76. Reference numeral 8 denotes a horizontal axis, and reference numeral 9 denotes a stirring blade.
FIG. 9 is a process diagram of the planting soil adjustment.
[0036]
(A) In the figure, the plant soil substrate 10 is supplied to the stirring device 6, steam A is supplied from the boiler 2 of the gas supply device 1, and sterilization by the injection of the steam A and stirring by the blades 9 are performed simultaneously. It is a process that is performed.
FIG. 2B shows a process in which the hot air C is supplied from the heat exchanger 3 of the gas supply device 1 and the plant soil substrate 10 is dried by the hot air C while stirring.
FIG. 3C shows a process in which the cool air B is supplied from the heat exchanger 3 of the gas supply device 1 and the planted soil base material 10 is cooled by the cool air B while stirring.
(D) is a process in which an appropriate fertilizer 11 is put into a dried planting soil base material 10 and stirred to adjust the planting soil 12 into a desired one.
[0037]
【effect】
Since the gas supply device of the present invention and the stirrer provided with this device are configured as described above, the gas supply device outputs the output of the means selected from one output port, that is, steam generation means / cold air generation means / hot air Since each output of the generating means can be obtained, when shifting from the output currently being used to the next output, it is possible to shift quickly without changing the connection of pipes or the like. Therefore, there is no time loss due to the change of the connection of the piping and the like, and the work time required for adjusting the planting soil base material and the like can be reduced.
[0038]
Since the present stirring device provided with the gas supply device injects steam while stirring the planting soil base material to sterilize it, it can surely sterilize the planting soil base material in a short time to all corners of the planting soil base material. Further, since the plant soil base is mixed during the sterilization, the completion of the sterilization and the mixing of the plant soil base can be simultaneously ended.
Then, after the sterilization is completed, hot air drying is performed. However, the heat at the time of sterilization can be used as it is, and efficient drying can be performed. In addition, by cooling, the temperature of the planting soil base material can be quickly lowered, and the fertilizer can be used. It is possible to reduce the waiting time until the introduction.
[0039]
Therefore, by using the present stirring device, the time from sterilization of the planting soil base material to obtaining the planting soil to which the fertilizer is added is greatly shortened, so that the adjusting operation of the planting soil can be performed with high efficiency. It can be carried out.
Further, the adjustment operation from sterilization of the planting soil base material to the planting soil to which the fertilizer has been added can be performed only by the stirring device.
[0040]
Furthermore, since the time required for sterilization can be shortened, the amount of fuel required for generating steam for sterilization can be significantly reduced, which is extremely excellent in terms of economy and environment such as prevention of global warming. .
As described above, the time from sterilization to cooling of the planting soil substrate is greatly reduced, which also contributes to improving the cultivation efficiency of mushrooms and the like.
Since the adjustment of the planting soil can be performed only by the main stirring device, the adjusting operation of the planting soil can be performed fully automatically, which leads to labor saving.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a gas supply device and a stirring device according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a side view of a truck on which the gas supply device is mounted; FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view of the stirring device; FIG. Front view with a partial cutout of the device part. [FIG. 5] Side view with a partial cutout on the horizontal axis. [FIG. 6] Partially notched side view with a blade provided with a jet port. [FIG. 7] Jet port provided at the bottom. Partial cutaway side view of the storage tank provided [Figure 8] Partially cutaway front view of the storage tank provided with an injection port on the side wall [Figure 9] Process diagram of planting soil adjustment [Explanation of reference numerals]
1-gas supply device, 1a-trolley, 1b-connector, 2-boiler, 21-water tank, 22-water softener, 3-heat exchanger, 4-compressor, 5-air pipe, 51-output port, 6-stirring device, 7-storage tank, 71-side wall, 72-bottom wall, 73-input port, 74-outlet port, 75-input port, 76-conduction path, 77-injection port, 8-horizontal axis, 81 -Bearing, 82-input port, 83-conduction path, 84-injection port, 85-drive section, 9-blade, 91-conduction path, 92-injection port, 10-plant soil substrate, 11-fertilizer, 12 -Planting soil, A-steam, B-cool wind, C-hot wind

Claims (9)

Steam generating means, cold air generating means and hot air generating means are provided, and the output of each means crosses one output port which can be connected to the outside, and the output of the selected means is supplied from the output port. Gas supply device 2. The gas supply device according to claim 1, wherein said steam generating means comprises a boiler, and said cold air generating means and hot air generating means comprise a heat exchanger having a blowing means. The gas supply device according to claim 2, wherein a water softening device is provided in the boiler. 2. The gas supply device according to claim 1, wherein each of the means is provided on a towable or self-propelled truck. A container having at least an inlet for a planting soil base material, a stirring means for stirring the planting soil base material in the container, and the gas supply device according to claim 1, wherein the container or / and the A stirrer, wherein a stirrer is provided with a conductive path and an injection port following the gas supply device; The stirrer according to claim 5, wherein an appropriate number of the injection ports are provided below the container. The stirrer according to claim 5, wherein an appropriate number of the injection ports are provided on the sides of the container. The stirring means is constituted by at least a horizontal axis and a blade provided on the horizontal axis so as to be able to stir the planting soil base material, and the horizontal axis is provided with an appropriate number of the injection ports. The stirring device according to claim 5. The stirrer includes at least a horizontal axis and a blade provided on the horizontal axis so as to stir the planted soil base material, and the blade is provided with an appropriate number of the injection ports. Item 5. Stirrer

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