JP3632343B2 - Pure water production method and ion exchange tower - Google Patents

Pure water production method and ion exchange tower Download PDF

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JP3632343B2
JP3632343B2 JP35696596A JP35696596A JP3632343B2 JP 3632343 B2 JP3632343 B2 JP 3632343B2 JP 35696596 A JP35696596 A JP 35696596A JP 35696596 A JP35696596 A JP 35696596A JP 3632343 B2 JP3632343 B2 JP 3632343B2
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Prior art keywords
exchange resin
resin layer
ion exchange
tower
water
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JPH10180252A (en
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円 田辺
剛 岩塚
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Organo Corp
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Organo Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、純水製造方法及びイオン交換塔に関し、更に詳しくは、例えばボイラ給水や電子部品等の洗浄用水等に使用される高純度純水を得る純水製造方法及びイオン交換塔に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の純水製造方法として代表的なものとして例えば2床3塔式イオン交換装置がある。このイオン交換装置は、例えば強酸性カチオン交換樹脂が充填されたカチオン交換塔と、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂が充填されたアニオン交換塔と、これら両者の間に配置された脱炭酸塔とを備え、例えば原水の下降流通水によりカチオン交換塔において原水中のカルシウムイオン、マグネシウムイオン、ナトリウムイオン等のカチオンを強酸性カチオン交換樹脂の水素イオンとイオン交換した後、脱炭酸塔内において酸性下で炭酸イオンを炭酸ガスとして脱炭酸し、次いでアニオン交換塔における下降流通水により原水中の硫酸イオン、塩素イオン等のアニオンやシリカを強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂の水酸化物イオンとイオン交換して純水を製造するようにしている。そして、上記各イオン交換樹脂の再生を行う場合には、例えば各イオン交換塔にそれぞれの再生剤を下降流で通液して並流再生を行い、あるいはそれぞれの再生剤を上昇流で通液して向流再生を行うようにしている。また、原水中に炭酸イオンがあまり含まれていない場合には脱炭酸塔を省略した2床2塔式イオン交換装置が用いられる。
【0003】
ところで、従来のこの種のイオン交換装置のアニオン交換塔に用いられるアニオン交換樹脂は、再生時に再生剤であるアルカリ水溶液(例えば水酸化ナトリウム水溶液)と接触するが、その後、アルカリ成分(ナトリウムイオン)を完全に洗い流すには長時間を要すると共に多量の洗浄水を必要とし、しかも、例えば1μS/cm程度までしか洗浄することができず、採水工程に入ってもアニオン交換樹脂に吸着されたアルカリ成分が僅かずつではあるが処理水中に徐々に溶出し、処理水が一定の純度に立ち上がるまでに相当の時間が掛かり、処理水の到達純度も5〜10MΩ・cm程度であった。
【0004】
更に、処理水が一定の純度に達するまでに時間が掛かるその他の要因としては次のことが挙げられる。即ち、被処理水である原水中には一般に有機酸が含まれており、有機酸の多くは複数の弱酸基を持った複雑な構造を有し、しかも比較的分子量の高い有機酸も含まれている。比較的分子量の高い有機酸が処理中にアニオン交換樹脂に対して物理吸着すると、再生剤である水酸化ナトリウム水溶液では有機酸を完全に溶離できず、水酸化ナトリウムとアニオン交換樹脂に吸着された有機酸とが反応して、この有機酸がナトリウム塩となってアニオン交換樹脂層内に残存することがある。このような有機酸のナトリウム塩がアニオン交換樹脂層内に残存していると、通水中に、この有機酸の弱酸基からナトリウムイオンが加水分解によって徐々に離脱し、処理水の純度を低下させる。
【0005】
そこで、現実的な対策としては17MΩ・cm以上の高純度の純水を得るためには、上述した従来の2床3塔式イオン交換装置(または2床2塔式イオン交換装置)の後段に再生型混床式イオン交換装置を設置し、アルカリ成分を除去すると共にシリカや他の不純物を除去するのが一般的である。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、今日ではイオン交換装置には処理水の高純度化及び小型化の要求が益々高まっていることから、従来のイオン交換装置を用いて高純度(17MΩ・cm以上)の純水を得ようとすると、上述したようにイオン交換装置の後段に再生型混床イオン交換装置を設置する必要があり、装置が大型化して装置の小型化の要求を満たすことができず、逆に再生型混床式イオン交換装置を設置しないと、上述のように高純度の純水を得ることができないという課題があった。
【0007】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたもので、イオン交換装置の小型を実現できると共に高純度の処理水を得ることができ、しかも、アニオン交換樹脂層の洗浄時間を格段に短縮することができる共に洗浄水を格段に節約することができる純水製造方法及びイオン交換を提供することを目的としている。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の請求項1に記載の純水製造方法は、被処理水を強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水して純水を得る純水製造方法において、塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して二層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向とは逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有することを特徴とするものである。
【0009】
また、本発明の請求項2に記載の純水製造方法は、請求項1に記載の発明において、第2イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂の充填層高を600mm以下とすることを特徴とするものである。
【0010】
また、本発明の請求項3に記載の純水製造方法は、請求項1または請求項2に記載の発明において、第2イオン交換塔の再生工程は、先に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層を再生し、後に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層を再生することを特徴とするものである。
【0011】
また、本発明の請求項4に記載の純水製造方法は、請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか一つに記載の発明において、第2イオン交換塔は上層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を下降流で行い、再生を上昇流で行うことを特徴とするものである。
【0012】
また、本発明の請求項5に記載の純水製造方法は、請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか一つに記載の発明において、第2イオン交換塔は、上層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、下層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を上昇流で行い、再生を下降流で行うことを特徴とするものである。
【0013】
また、本発明の請求項6に記載の純水製造方法は、被処理水を強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水して純水を得る純水製造方法において、塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの通水膨潤分及び再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して三層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向と逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有することを特徴とするものである。
【0014】
また、本発明の請求項7に記載の純水製造方法は、請求項6に記載の発明において、第2イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂の充填層高を600mm以下とすることを特徴とするものである。
【0015】
また、本発明の請求項8に記載の純水製造方法は、請求項6または請求項7に記載の発明において、第2イオン交換塔の再生工程は、先に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層を再生し、後に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層及び弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂を再生することを特徴とするものである。
【0016】
また、本発明の請求項9に記載の純水製造方法は、請求項6〜請求項8のいずれか一つに記載の発明において、第2イオン交換塔は、上層に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、中層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を下降流で行い、再生を上昇流で行うことを特徴とするものである。
【0017】
また、本発明の請求項10に記載の純水製造方法は、請求項6〜請求項8のいずれか一つに記載の発明において、第2イオン交換塔は、上層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、中層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を上昇流で行い、再生を下降流で行うことを特徴とするものである。
【0018】
また、本発明の請求項11に記載のイオン交換塔は、塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して二層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向とは逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有する純水製造方法に用いられる第2イオン交換塔であって、当該第2イオン交換塔は、上層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を下降流で行い、再生を上昇流で行うものであり、上記第2イオン交換塔内の上記強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層と上記強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層を、被処理水の通水を許すが、上記各イオン交換樹脂の流通を阻止する仕切板により仕切り、あるいは仕切板で仕切ることなく、更に上記仕切板の下方近傍または上記両イオン交換樹脂層の分離境界面の下方近傍に再生剤の出入管を設けたことを特徴とするものである。
【0019】
また、本発明の請求項12に記載のイオン交換塔は、塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して二層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向とは逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有する純水製造方法に用いられる第2イオン交換塔であって、当該第2イオン交換塔は上層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を下降流で行い、再生を上昇流で行うものであり、上記第2イオン交換塔内の上記強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層と、上記強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層の間にイナート樹脂層が形成され、このイナート樹脂層の中央部に再生剤の出入管を設けたことを特徴とするものである。
【0020】
また、本発明の請求項13に記載のイオン交換塔は、塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して二層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向とは逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有する純水製造方法に用いられる第2イオン交換塔であって、当該第2イオン交換塔は、上層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、下層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を上昇流で行い、再生を下降流で行うものであり、上記第2イオン交換塔内の上記強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層と上記強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層を、被処理水の流通は許すが、上記各イオン交換樹脂の流通を阻止する仕切板により仕切り、更に上記仕切板の上方近傍に再生剤の出入管を設けたことを特徴とするものである。
【0021】
また、本発明の請求項14に記載のイオン交換塔は、塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの通水膨潤分及び再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して三層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向と逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有する純水製造方法に用いられる第2イオン交換塔であって、当該第2イオン交換塔は上層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、中層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を上昇流で行い、再生を下降流で行うものであり、上記第2イオン交換塔内の上記強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、上記強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、上記弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層それぞれの層間を、被処理水の流通は許すが、上記各イオン交換樹脂の流通を阻止する仕切板により仕切り、更に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の下層部内に再生剤の出入管を設けたことを特徴とするものである。
【0022】
また、本発明の請求項15に記載のイオン交換塔は、請求項14に記載の発明において、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の下層部にイナート樹脂を充填し、このイナート樹脂層内に再生剤の出入管を設けたことを特徴とするものである。
【0023】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図1〜図9に示す実施形態に基づいて本発明を説明する。尚、各図中、図1及び図4は本発明の純水製造方法の一実施形態に用いられる2床3塔式イオン交換装置を示す構成図、図2、図3及び図5〜図9はそれぞれ本発明の純水製造方法の他の実施形態に用いられる第2イオン交換塔の構造を示す構成図である。
【0024】
まず、本発明の純水製造方法の一実施形態に用いられる2床3塔式イオン交換装置(以下、単に「イオン交換装置」と称す。)について図1を参照しながら説明する。このイオン交換装置10は、図1に示すように、塔本体11A内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂(以下、必要に応じて「強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層」と称す。)11Bが充填された第1イオン交換塔11と、塔本体12A内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂(以下、必要に応じて「強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層」と称す。)12B及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cがそれぞれ上層及び下層として二層状に充填された第2イオン交換塔12と、これら両者11、12間に配置された脱炭酸塔13とを備えている。また、第1イオン交換塔11の塔頂には原水が流入する流入管14が接続され、また、第1イオン交換塔11の塔底と脱炭酸塔13及び脱炭酸塔13と第2イオン交換塔12の塔頂はそれぞれ接続管15、16によって接続され、第2イオン交換塔12の塔底には処理水の流出管17が接続されている。尚、18は脱炭酸塔13から流出した二次処理水を第2イオン交換塔12へ給送するポンプである。
【0025】
そして、被処理水である原水が流入管14から第1イオン交換塔11へ流入し、実線の矢印で示すように下降流で強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bを通水して一次処理水を得、この一次処理水は接続管15を介して脱炭酸塔13において脱炭酸が行われた後、二次処理水が接続管16を介して第2イオン交換塔12の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの順に下降流で通水して純水を処理水として得るようにしてある。このように第2イオン交換塔12内で強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの処理水を強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cで更に処理することには以下の利点がある。
【0026】
即ち、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを再生した後、洗浄操作を行ってもアルカリ再生剤を完全に洗い流すことが難しく、再生後の採水工程で強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bから微量ではあるがナトリウムイオン等のアルカリ成分が不純物として漏出する。ところが、同一塔内で強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの下層として配置したことにより、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bから漏出する僅かなアルカリ成分をその下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cにより確実に除去し、あるいは強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bに吸着された有機酸のナトリウム塩の加水分解に起因するアルカリ成分を除去し、従来よりも短時間で処理水を所定純度まで立ち上げることができると共に従来よりも高純度の純水を得ることができる。従って、再生後の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの洗浄時間を短縮でき、洗浄用水を格段に節約することができる。
【0027】
上記強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの層高は、第2イオン交換塔12の直径によっても異なるが、その直径が例えば1000mm以下であれば、層高が300mm程度あれば強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bからの漏出する僅かなナトリウムイオン等のアルカリ成分を除去することができる。その直径が例えば2000mm程度になると600mm程度の層高が必要になるが、通常、第2イオン交換塔12の直径が2000mmを超えることは少なく、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの層高としては一般的には600mm以下であれば、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの機能を十分に発揮する。水酸化ナトリウムを除去するためであれば、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂に代えて弱酸性カチオン交換樹脂を用いることもできるが、この樹脂は再生形と塩形の膨潤、収縮が大きいため、塔内に充填し難く、処理水の純度の点で強酸性カチオン交換樹脂に劣るため、本発明では強酸性カチオン交換樹脂を用いる。
【0028】
而して、第1イオン交換塔11の塔本体11A内の塔底及び塔頂近傍には第1、第2仕切板11C、11Dが水平に設けられ、第1仕切板11Cで強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bを支持している。強酸性カチオン交換樹脂は再生時、特に、酸再生剤の通液後の水による押し出し時に約7%前後膨潤するため、基準形(ナトリウム形)の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂を塔本体11A内に充填する時には強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bの上面と第2仕切板11Dの間には再生膨潤分だけのスペースに見合った隙間を残して強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をほぼ満杯に充填する。この隙間は再生時に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂11Bの膨潤により詰まるようになっている。また、第1、第2仕切板11C、11Dはいずれも上下の空間を連通する多数の連通手段を有する、例えばストレーナーが各仕切板の全面に多数個分散して形成され、これらの連通手段は被処理水や再生剤等の液体が流通し、各イオン交換樹脂は流通できないようになっている。更に、流入管14には強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bの再生廃液が流出する再生剤流出管14Aが接続され、接続管15には酸再生剤が流入する再生剤流入管15Aが接続されている。尚、以下で説明する仕切板の構造も第1、第2仕切板11C、11Dと同様に構成されている。また、図1を含む各図では再生膨潤分に見合った隙間は図示してない。
【0029】
従って、第1イオン交換塔11の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂11Bを再生する時には、塩酸水溶液等の酸再生剤を再生剤流入管15Aから通水方向とは逆方向の上昇流で通液すると、酸再生剤が強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bを一点鎖線で示すように上昇流で通液してこの樹脂を再生した後、酸再生廃液が再生剤流出管14Aから流出するようにしてある。尚、図1では再生剤に関連する配管及び再生剤の流れは一点鎖線で示してある。後述する他の実施形態のイオン交換塔を示す図2〜図9においても同様である。
【0030】
一方、第2イオン交換塔12の塔本体12A内の塔底及び塔頂近傍には第1、第2仕切板12D、12Eが水平に設けられ、第1仕切板12Dで強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを二層状に積層した状態で支持している。また、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂はそれぞれ再生時に膨潤するため、これらのイオン交換樹脂12B、12Cを塔本体12A内に充填する時には強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを充填し、その上面に第2仕切板12Eの間でそれぞれの樹脂の再生膨潤分だけのスペースに見合った隙間を残して強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを塔本体12A内にほぼ満杯に充填する。これらの隙間は再生時に各イオン交換樹脂の膨潤により詰まるようになっている。更に、接続管16には上層である強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの再生廃液が流出する再生剤流出管16Aが接続され、流出管17には下層である強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの酸再生剤が流入する再生剤流入管17Aが接続されている。そして、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bと強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの境界面やや下方には再生時に用いられる再生剤の出入管12Fが水平に配置され、この出入管12Fは水酸化ナトリウム等のアルカリ再生剤のディストリビュータとしての機能及び酸再生剤の廃液のコレクタとしての機能を有している。
【0031】
従って、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを再生する時には、アルカリ再生剤を出入管12Fから供給すると共に塔本体12Aの塔底から純水をバランス水として上昇流で供給すると、アルカリ再生剤がバランス水に随伴して一点鎖線で示すように上昇流で通液して強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを再生し、アルカリ再生廃液が再生剤流出管16Aから流出する。また、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを再生する時には、酸再生剤を再生剤流入管17Aから供給すると共に塔頂からバランス水を供給すると、酸再生剤が強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを一点鎖線で示すように上昇流で通液して再生すると共にバランス水が下降流で通水し、これら両者が出入管12Fで合流し、酸再生廃液が出入管12Fから流出する。
【0032】
第2イオン交換塔12の各イオン交換樹脂の再生順序としては、先に通水出口側の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを再生した後、通水入口側の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを再生する。このように通水出口側である強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを先に向流再生することにより、高純度の処理水を得ることができる。例えば、先に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを再生し、後に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12C再生すると、折角、上昇流によって高度に再生された強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの下層部に後に再生する酸再生剤が接触し、その下層部が処理水の導電率に最も影響を与える塩形となってしまい処理水の純度を低下させてしまう。一方、先に通水出口側である下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを再生し、後に通水入口側である上層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを再生した場合には、上述したような現象が生じることなく、高純度の処理水を得ることができる。このように先に下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを再生し、後に上層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを再生すると、再生済みの強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12BCの上層部が強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの再生剤である水酸化ナトリウム等のアルカリ再生剤が接触して塩形となるが、この場合には被処理水が下降流で通水されるため、被処理水は強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの塩形部分(上層部)に最初に接触し処理水の純度低下に対して影響を与えることがなく、最下層部は理想的に再生されている。
【0033】
次に、上記イオン交換装置10を用いた本発明の純水製造方法について説明する。本実施形態の純水製造方法では、通水工程で原水を処理する時には、原水が流入管14から塔本体11内の塔頂空間へ流入し、第2仕切板11Dを介して強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bの上面全面に分散する。この原水は強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11B全体を下降流で通水し、この間に原水中のカルシウムイオン、マグネシウムイオン、ナトリウムイオン等のカチオンが強酸性カチオン交換樹脂11Bにより除去され、第1仕切板11Cを経由して接続管15から一次処理水として流出する。そして、脱炭酸塔13において一次処理水中に残留する炭酸イオンが炭酸ガスとして除去された二次処理水が接続管16を経由して第2イオン交換塔12の塔本体12A内の塔頂空間に流入する。
【0034】
第2イオン交換塔12の塔本体12A内に流入した二次処理水は第2仕切板12Eを介して強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの上面全面に分散する。この二次処理水は強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B全体を下降流で通水し、この間に二次処理水中の塩素イオン、硫酸イオン、硝酸イオン、シリカ、残留炭酸等のアニオンが強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bにより除去され、引き続き、下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを下降流で通水し、ここで上層から処理水中へ漏出する僅かなナトリウムイオン等のアルカリ成分を捕捉して処理水中から除去し、高純度の純水を第2イオン交換塔12の流出管17から流出する。
【0035】
上述した純水の製造により各イオン交換樹脂が貫流点に達したら再生工程で各イオン交換樹脂を再生する。それには第1、第2イオン交換塔11、12の各イオン交換樹脂層を逆洗操作することなく、第1、第2イオン交換塔11、12の各イオン交換樹脂を再生する。例えば、先に第2イオン交換塔12の再生操作を行い、後に第1イオン交換塔11の再生操作を行う。
【0036】
第2イオン交換塔12の再生操作を行うにはまず、塔本体12Aの通水出口側に位置する下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを向流再生する。即ち、酸再生剤を塔底の再生剤流入管17Aから塔本体12A内へ供給すると共に塔頂から純水をバランス水として供給する。これにより酸再生剤は塔底の空間に流入し、第2仕切板12Dを介して下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12C全体へ上昇流で通液し、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cを効率良く再生する。酸再生廃液が出入管12Fから流出する時点では既にバランス水が下層まで達しており、酸性廃液が上層に侵入することなくバランス水と合流して出入管12Fから酸再生廃液として排出される。
【0037】
下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの向流再生を行った後、酸再生剤に代えて純水を塔底から供給し、塔本体12の塔頂、塔底の双方から純水を通水して洗浄操作を行い、洗浄廃液を出入管12Fから排出する。
【0038】
下層の洗浄操作の後、通水入口側に位置する上層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを向流再生する。即ち、塔底からバランス水を供給すると共に出入管12Fから例えば水酸化ナトリウム水溶液をアルカリ再生剤として供給する。これによりアルカリ再生剤は出入管12Fを介して強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの最上層に流入し、ここでバランス水と合流し、アルカリ再生剤は強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B全体へ上昇流で通液し、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂を効率良く再生する。アルカリ再生剤が出入管12Fから流入する時点では既にバランス水が出入管12Fまで達しており、アルカリ再生剤はバランス水と合流し、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bを再生した後、再生剤流出管16Aからアルカリ再生廃液として排出される。上層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの向流再生後、アルカリ再生剤の供給を停止し、塔底のみから純水を上昇流通水して強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂の再生剤の押出し及び洗浄操作を行い、洗浄廃液は再生剤流出管16Aから排出される。
【0039】
ところで、上層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bと下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cは比重差により区画されているだけであるため、両イオン交換樹脂層の界面で両者が僅かに混合し、後で行われる強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂の再生時に下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cの出入管12Fより上の部分がアルカリ再生剤により逆再生されて強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの最下層部に混じるが、この部分は通水時には上流側に位置するため、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂のイオン交換容量は僅かに低下するが、処理水の水質には影響しない。
【0040】
次いで、第1イオン交換塔11の再生操作を行う。即ち、酸再生剤を第1イオン交換塔11の再生剤流入管15Aから上昇流で強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bに通液し、再生廃液を再生剤流出管14Aから流出する。その後、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bの押し出し、洗浄操作等を行って再生操作を終了する。後は、通水工程と再生工程とを逆洗操作を行うことなく繰り返してイオン交換反応により原水を処理して純水を製造する。尚、第1イオン交換塔11の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂の再生においては、第2イオン交換塔12の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂と同時に行うこともできる。この場合には前述したように第2イオン交換塔12の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂の再生の際に出入管12Fから流出する再生廃液の全量を第1イオン交換塔11の再生剤流入管15Aを介して第1イオン交換塔11に供給する。
【0041】
以上説明したように本実施形態によれば、塔本体11A内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bをその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔11と、塔本体12A内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bと強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cとをそれぞれの再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して二層状に上下層として充填した第2イオン交換塔12を用い、原水を下降流で通水し、各再生剤を上昇流で通液するようにしたため、以下のような作用効果が奏し得られる。
【0042】
即ち、純水を得る通水工程では、原水を第1イオン交換塔11の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bに通水した後、第2イオン交換塔12の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの順に下降流で通水するため、特に第2イオン交換塔12の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの下層に少量の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cを充填するだけで、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの処理水に僅かなナトリウムイオン等のアルカリ成分が残留していても、下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cにより確実にアルカリ成分を除去し、高純度の純水を得ることができる。また、塔を増設することなく従来のアニオン交換塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂を充填するだけで良いため、再生型混床式イオン交換装置を増設する従来方式と比較して格段にイオン交換装置を小型化することができる。
【0043】
また、再生工程では、第1イオン交換塔11及び第2イオン交換塔12共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、原水の通水方向と逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液して向流再生を行うので、通水終了時にイオン交換樹脂層で形成されたイオン形の配列を乱すことなく、そのまま再生することができ、通水終了時に残留している最下層の再生形のイオン交換樹脂を有効に活用することができると共に再生効率を最大限とすることができる。
【0044】
例えば、第1イオン交換塔11の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂の場合について更に説明すると、通水時のこの樹脂層の配列は、上からカルシウム形、ナトリウム形、水素形になっているが、この樹脂層を逆洗することなく、このままの状態で酸再生剤として塩酸を樹脂層の下側から通液すると、塩酸は下層部の水素形の樹脂を素通りしてまずナトリウム形の樹脂を溶離してこれを水素形とし、その廃液である塩化ナトリウムが更に上層のカルシウム形の樹脂を溶離してこれをナトリウム形とし、更にまたそのナトリウム形の樹脂が塩酸と接触してこれを水素形とするというように、溶離が順々に行われ、元来水素イオンでは溶離し難いカルシウム形の樹脂を水素イオンより溶離性に優れているナトリウムイオンを介在させることによって効果的に溶離することができると共に、通水終了時に残留する水素形の樹脂をイオン交換樹脂層の下部にそのまま保持しておくことができるため、再生という操作においては最も理想的な状態で再生することができ、再生によって生成される水素形の樹脂を最大とすることができる。本発明は通水の方向が下降流、上昇流に拘らず、両イオン交換樹脂共に通水終了後に逆洗を実施することなく、向流再生を行うため、後述する本発明の全ての実施形態において上述したように最も理想的な状態で両イオン交換樹脂共に再生することができる。
【0045】
更に、再生後の洗浄工程では、第2イオン交換塔12の下層として強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cが配置されているため、上層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bからアルカリ成分が漏出しなくなるまで洗浄する必要がなく、短時間で洗浄操作を打ち切ることができ、洗浄水の使用量を格段に節約することができる。即ち、短時間で洗浄操作を打ち切った場合は通水を開始すると残留するアルカリ成分が漏出することになるが、アルカリ成分が漏出しても下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cによりアルカリ成分を確実に捕捉して除去し、高純度の純水を得ることができる。
【0046】
図2は本発明のイオン交換塔の他の実施形態を示す図で、このイオン交換塔は図1に示す第2イオン交換塔12に代えて用いられるものである。従って、本実施形態では図1に示す場合と同一または相当する部分には同一符号を附して説明する。この第2イオン交換塔121の場合には、図1に示す第2イオン交換塔12の上層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bと下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの境界に第3仕切板12Gを設け、第3仕切板12Gのやや下方に出入管12Fを設けた以外は図1に示す第2イオン交換塔12に準じて構成されている。そして、各イオン交換樹脂を充填する時には第2仕切板12Eとの間に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bの再生膨潤分だけのスペースに見合った隙間を残してこの樹脂をほぼ満杯に充填すると共に、第3仕切板12Gとの間には強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの再生膨潤分だけのスペースに見合った隙間を残してこの樹脂をほぼ満杯に充填する。そして、通水工程では強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの順で下降流通水を行い、再生工程では強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12C、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの順で上昇流通液を行うようにしてある。
【0047】
従って、本実施形態によれば、上層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bと下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを第3仕切板12Gによって区画してあるため、通水と再生を繰り返し行っても両イオン交換樹脂12B、12Cが混合することなく、高純度の純水を安定的に製造することができる。その他、図1に示すイオン交換装置と同様の作用効果を期することができる。
【0048】
図3は本発明のイオン交換塔の他の実施形態を示す図で、このイオン交換塔は図1に示す第2イオン交換塔12に代えて用いられるものである。この第2イオン交換塔122の場合には、図1に示す第2イオン交換塔12の上層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bと下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの間に化学的に不活性なイナート樹脂12Hを配置し、このイナート樹脂12Hの縦方向中央部に出入管12Fを設けた以外は図1に示す第2イオン交換塔12に準じて構成されている。ここで、イナート樹脂は不活性樹脂とも称し、例えば通常のイオン交換樹脂の母体と同じスチレンとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合体でイオン交換基のないものを指す。
【0049】
従って、本実施形態によれば、出入管12Fがイナート樹脂12H中に設けてあるため、後で行う上層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの再生時にも下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cに逆再生部分を生じることがなく、下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cのイオン交換容量が低減することがない。その他、図1に示すイオン交換装置と同様の作用効果を期することができる。
【0050】
図4は本発明の純水製造方法の更に他の実施形態に用いられる2床3塔式イオン交換装置を示す図で、図1に示す場合と同一または相当する部分には同一符号を附してある。本実施形態のイオン交換装置10Aは、図4に示すように、塔本体11A内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂11Bが充填された第1イオン交換塔11と、塔本体12A内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12B及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cがそれぞれ下層及び上層として二層状に充填された第2イオン交換塔123と、これら両者11、123間に配置された脱炭酸塔13とを備え、通水工程では原水が第1、第2イオン交換塔11、123を上昇流で通水し、再生工程では各イオン交換樹脂の再生剤が第1、第2イオン交換塔11、123を下降流で通液するようにしてある。また、第1イオン交換塔11の塔底には原水が流入する流入管14が接続され、第1イオン交換塔11の塔頂と脱炭酸塔13及び脱炭酸塔13と第2イオン交換塔123の塔底はそれぞれ接続管15、16によって接続され、第2イオン交換塔123の塔頂には流出管17が接続されている。
【0051】
第2イオン交換塔123内には図4に示すように上層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cと下層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bとの間に位置させた第3仕切板12Gが設けられ、この第2仕切板12Gのやや上方に出入管12Fが配置されている。そして、第1仕切板12Dと強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの間及び第3仕切板12Gと強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bとの間にはそれぞれの樹脂の再生膨潤分だけの隙間(図示せず)が設けられており、再生時にはこれらの隙間は各イオン交換樹脂の膨潤により詰まるようになっている。このように下層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bと上層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの間に第3仕切板12Gを配置したのは、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂の比重が強酸性カチオン交換樹脂の比重より小さいため、第2イオン交換塔123内で通水及び再生を繰り返す間に両イオン交換樹脂が混合するのを防止するためである。
【0052】
第2イオン交換塔123の各イオン交換樹脂の再生順序としては、先に通水出口側である上層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを再生した後、通水入口側である下層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを再生する。このように通水出口側である強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを先に向流再生し、後に通水出口側の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを向流再生する理由は前述した通りである。
【0053】
次に、上記イオン交換装置10Aを用いた本発明の純水製造方法について説明する。本実施形態の純水製造方法では、通水工程で原水を処理する時には、原水が流入管14から塔本体11内の塔底空間へ流入し、第1仕切板11Cを介して強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bの下面全面に分散する。この原水は強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11B全体を上昇流により通水し、この間に原水中のカチオンが強酸性カチオン交換樹脂11Bにより除去され、第2仕切板11Dを経由して接続管15から二次処理水として流出する。そして、脱炭酸塔13において二次処理水中に残留する炭酸イオンが炭酸ガスとして除去され二次処理水が得られ、この二次処理水が接続管16を経由して第2イオン交換塔123の塔本体12A内に塔底側から流入する。
【0054】
第2イオン交換塔123の塔本体12A内に流入した二次処理水は第1仕切板12Dを介して強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの下面全面に分散する。この二次処理水は強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B全体を上昇流により通水し、この間に二次処理水中の塩素イオン、硫酸イオン、硝酸イオン、シリカ、残留炭酸等のアニオンが強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bにより除去され、引き続き、上層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを上昇流で通水し、ここで下層から処理水中へ漏出する僅かなナトリウムイオン等のアルカリ成分を捕捉して処理水中から除去し、高純度の純水が第2イオン交換塔123の流出管17から流出する。
【0055】
上述した純水の製造により各イオン交換樹脂が貫流点に達したら再生工程で各イオン交換樹脂を再生する。それには第1、第2イオン交換塔11、123の各イオン交換樹脂層を逆洗操作することなく、第1、第2イオン交換塔11、123の各イオン交換樹脂を再生する。例えば、先に第2イオン交換塔123の再生操作を行い、後に第1イオン交換塔11の再生操作を行う。
【0056】
第2イオン交換塔123の再生操作を行うにはまず、塔本体12Aの通水出口側に位置する上層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを向流再生する。即ち、酸再生剤を塔頂の再生剤流入管17Aから塔本体12A内へ供給すると共に塔底から純水をバランス水として供給する。これにより酸再生剤は塔頂の空間に流入し、第2仕切板12Eを介して上層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12C全体へ下降流で通液し、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂を効率良く再生する。酸再生廃液はバランス水と合流して出入管12Fから排出される。
【0057】
上層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの向流再生を行った後、酸再生剤に代えて純水を塔頂から供給し、塔本体12の塔頂、塔底の双方から純水を通水して強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cの再生剤の押出し及び洗浄操作を行い、洗浄廃液が出入管12Fから排出される。
【0058】
上層の洗浄操作の後、通水入口側に位置する下層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを向流再生する。即ち、塔頂からバランス水を供給すると共に出入管12Fからアルカリ再生剤を供給する。これによりアルカリ再生剤は出入管12Fを介して強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの最下層に流入し、ここでバランス水と合流し、アルカリ再生剤は強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B全体へ下降流で通液し、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂を効率良く再生する。アルカリ再生廃液はバランス水と合流して再生剤流出管16Aから排出される。下層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの向流再生後、アルカリ再生剤の供給を停止し、塔頂のみから純水を下降流通水して強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂の再生剤の押出し及び洗浄操作を行い、洗浄廃液は再生剤流出管16Aから排出される。
【0059】
次いで、第1イオン交換塔11の再生操作を行う。即ち、酸再生剤を第1イオン交換塔11の再生剤流入管15Aから強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bに下降流で通液し、再生廃液を再生剤流出管14Aから排出する。その後、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層11Bの洗浄操作等を行って再生操作を終了する。後は、通水工程と再生工程とを逆洗操作を行うことなく繰り返してイオン交換反応により原水を処理して純水を製造する。尚、図1の説明と同じように、第2イオン交換塔123の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂と第1イオン交換塔11の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂に酸再生剤を一貫で通液して両者を同時に再生することもできる。
【0060】
以上説明したように本実施形態においても、上記各実施形態と同様の作用効果が奏し得られる。即ち、純水を得る通水工程では第2イオン交換塔123の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの上層として少量の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Bを充填するだけで、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの処理水に僅かなアルカリ成分が残留していても、上層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cにより確実にアルカリ成分を除去し、高純度の純水を得ることができると共にイオン交換装置を小型化することができる。
【0061】
また、再生工程では、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、原水の通水方向と逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液して向流再生を行うので、上記各実施形態と同様に再生効率を最大限とすることができ、また、下層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bからアルカリ成分が漏出しなくなるまで洗浄する必要がなく、短時間で洗浄操作を打ち切ることができ、洗浄水の使用量を格段に節約することができる。
【0062】
図5は本発明のイオン交換塔の他の実施形態を示す図で、このイオン交換塔は図1に示す第2イオン交換塔12に代えて用いられるものである。この第2イオン交換塔124の場合には、図5に示すように、塔本体12A内に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12I、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cがこの順で上層、中層及び下層として積層され、各イオン交換樹脂はそれぞれの樹脂の通水膨潤分及び再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して塔本体12A内に三層状にほぼ満杯に充填されている。この第2イオン交換塔124は原水中に鉱酸成分(塩化物イオン、硝酸イオン、硫酸イオン等の強酸イオン)が比較的多く含まれている時に好適に用いられる。下降流通水において、このように強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B上に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Iを積層することにより、二次処理水が強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bへ到達する前に予め弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Iにより鉱酸成分を除去することができる。また、塔本体12Aには図1の場合と同様に第1、第2仕切板12D、12Eがそれぞれ塔底及び塔頂近傍に設けられている。
【0063】
従って、鉱酸成分が比較的多く含まれている原水から純水を製造する場合には、再生効率の良い弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂を用いることにより、アルカリ再生剤の使用量を減少させることができ、ランニングコストを低減させることができる。尚、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bの処理水に僅かなナトリウムイオン等のアルカリ成分が残留していても、下層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cにより確実にアルカリ成分を除去し、高純度の純水を得ることができることは前述の実施形態と同じである。
【0064】
また、第2イオン交換塔124の再生工程では、図1に示した第2イオン交換塔12の場合と同様に先に通水出口側の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cを酸再生剤により再生し、後に通水入口側の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12B及び弱強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Iを一貫して上昇流で再生する。
【0065】
従って、本実施形態によれば、イオン交換装置の第2イオン交換塔124の塔本体12A内に上層として弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Iを、中層として強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bを、下層として強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cをそれぞれの通水膨潤分及び再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して三層状にほぼ満杯に充填し、下降流通水により純水を製造するようにしたため、原水中に比較的多くの鉱酸成分が含まれていても、高純度の純水を得ることができ、しかもイオン交換装置を小型化することができる。また、再生工程では、弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Iは再生効率が良いため、第2イオン交換塔124に用いるアニオン交換樹脂として全て強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂を用いる場合と比較して大幅にランニングコストを低減させることができる。
【0066】
図6は本発明のイオン交換塔の他の実施形態を示す図で、このイオン交換塔は図1に示す第2イオン交換塔12に代えて用いられるものである。この第2イオン交換塔125の場合には、図6に示すように、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bと強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを第3仕切板12Gによって区画した以外は図5に示すイオン交換塔124と同様に構成されている。従って、本実施形態の場合には強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bと強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cとの混合を確実に防止することができる点以外は、図5に示す第2イオン交換塔124と同様の作用効果を期することができる。
【0067】
図7は本発明のイオン交換塔の他の実施形態を示す図で、このイオン交換塔は図1に示す第2イオン交換塔12に代えて用いられるものである。この第2イオン交換塔126の場合には、図7に示すように、塔本体12A内に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12I、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cをこの順で上層、中層及び下層として積層され、各イオン交換樹脂はそれぞれの樹脂の通水膨潤分及び再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して塔本体12A内に三層状にほぼ満杯に充填されいる。そして、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Bと強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cに間にイナート樹脂層12Hを配置し、このイナート樹脂層12Hの縦方向中央部に出入管12Fを配置した以外は図5に示すイオン交換塔125と同様に構成されている。従って、本実施形態の場合には強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bと強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cとの混合を確実に防止すると共に後で再生するアルカリ再生剤による強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cの部分的な逆再生を防止することができる点以外は、図5に示す第2イオン交換塔124と同様の作用効果を奏する。
【0068】
図8は本発明のイオン交換塔の他の実施形態を示す図で、このイオン交換塔は図4に示す第2イオン交換塔123に代えて用いられるものである。この第2イオン交換塔127の場合には、図8に示すように、塔本体12A内に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12I、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cをこの順で下層、中層及び上層として積層され、それぞれの樹脂の通水膨潤分及び再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して塔本体12A内に三層状にほぼ満杯に充填されており、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bと強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cの間には第3仕切板12Gが設けられ、また、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Bと弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂12Iの間には第4仕切板12Jが設けられている。そして、通水工程では原水が実線の矢印で示すように第1、第2イオン交換塔11、127を上昇流で通水し、再生工程ではそれぞれの再生剤が第1、第2イオン交換塔11、123の各イオン交換樹脂層を下降流で通液するようにしてある。このように第3、第4仕切板12G、12Jを各樹脂間に設けることにより第2イオン交換塔127を上昇流で通水する時に比重差でイオン交換樹脂が混合しないようにしてある。尚、比重は弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂の順で大きくなる。
【0069】
また、第2イオン交換塔127の各イオン交換樹脂の再生順序としては、先に通水出口側である上層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cを下降流で再生した後、通水入口側である中層の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B及び下層の弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12Iを一貫して下降流で再生する。このように通水出口側である強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cを先に向流再生し、後に通水出口側の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層12B等を向流再生する理由は前述した通りである。本実施形態においても鉱酸成分が多く含まれている原水を処理する場合でもイオン交換塔を増設することなく小型のイオン交換装置により高純度の純水を得ることができ、また、再生時には洗浄時間の短縮及び洗浄水を格段に節約することができる。
【0070】
図9は本発明のイオン交換塔の他の実施形態を示す図で、このイオン交換塔は図4に示す第2イオン交換塔123に代えて用いられるものである。この第2イオン交換塔128の場合には、図9に示すように、塔本体12A内に上層の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂12Cの下層部にイナート樹脂層12Hを充填し、このイナート樹脂層12Hの縦方向中央部に出入管12Fを配置した以外は図8に示すイオン交換塔127と同様に構成されている。従って、本実施形態の場合には後にアニオン交換樹脂層12B、12Iを再生する時に、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層12Cの最下層部で逆再生部分を生じることがなく、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂のイオン交換容量が低下することがなく、処理水の水質には影響しない。しかも、図8に示す第2イオン交換塔127と同様に作用効果を期することができる。
【0071】
尚、上記各実施形態では2床3塔式イオン交換装置及びその第2イオン交換塔について説明したが、本発明は炭酸イオンの含有量が少ない場合には脱炭酸塔を省略した2床2塔式イオン交換装置に適用することができる。
【0072】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明の各請求項に記載の発明によれば、イオン交換装置の小型を実現できると共に高純度の処理水を得ることができ、しかも、アニオン交換樹脂層の洗浄時間を格段に短縮することができる共に洗浄水を格段に節約することができる純水製造方法及びイオン交換を提供することができる。
【0073】
更に、本発明の請求項6〜請求項10に記載の発明及び請求項14〜請求項15に記載の発明によれば、被処理水中に比較的鉱酸成分が多く含まれていても、再生コストの低減を実現できると共に高純度の処理水を得ることができ、しかも、アニオン交換樹脂層の洗浄時間を格段に短縮することができる共に洗浄水を格段に節約することができる純水製造方法及びイオン交換を提供することができる。
【0074】
また、本発明によればその他に以下のような効果を期することができる。
▲1▼第2イオン交換塔内に積層させた強酸性カチオン交換樹脂と強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂(及び弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂)を再生するに当たり、通水後に逆洗を実施することなく向流再生を行うため、再生操作そのものを理想的な状態で行うことができ、再生剤の使用量当たりの再生後に生成させるH形強酸性カチオン交換樹脂あるいはOH形強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂の量を最大にすることができ、処理容量を大きくすることができる。
▲2▼第2イオン交換塔内に積層させた両イオン交換樹脂を再生するに当たり、両イオン交換樹脂に被処理水を通水する順序と逆の順序で再生することにより、後から再生する一方のイオン交換樹脂の再生剤が先に再生した他方のイオン交換樹と接触して塩形となってもこの塩形が最上流部に位置するため、処理水の純度に全く影響を与えないようにすることができる。
▲3▼両イオン交換樹脂を仕切板によって仕切ることにより通水と再生を繰り返し行っても両イオン交換樹脂が混合することなく、安定したイオン交換操作を実施することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の純水製造方法の一実施形態に用いられる2床3塔式イオン交換装置を示す構成図である。
【図2】本発明の純水製造方法の他の実施形態に用いられる第2イオン交換塔のイオン交換樹脂の層構成を示す図である。
【図3】本発明の純水製造方法の更に他の実施形態に用いられる第2イオン交換塔のイオン交換樹脂の層構成を示す図である。
【図4】本発明の純水製造方法の更に他の実施形態に用いられる2床3塔式イオン交換装置を示す構成図である。
【図5】本発明の純水製造方法の更に他の実施形態に用いられる第2イオン交換塔のイオン交換樹脂の層構成を示す図である。
【図6】本発明の純水製造方法の更に他の実施形態に用いられる第2イオン交換塔のイオン交換樹脂の層構成を示す図である。
【図7】本発明の純水製造方法の更に他の実施形態に用いられる第2イオン交換塔のイオン交換樹脂の層構成を示す図である。
【図8】本発明の純水製造方法の更に他の実施形態に用いられる第2イオン交換塔のイオン交換樹脂の層構成を示す図である。
【図9】本発明の純水製造方法の更に他の実施形態に用いられる第2イオン交換塔のイオン交換樹脂の層構成を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
10、10A 2床3塔式イオン交換装置
11 第1イオン交換塔
11A 塔本体
11B 強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層
12、121、123、124、125 第2イオン交換塔
126、127、128、129 第2イオン交換塔
12A 塔本体
12B 強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層
12C 強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層
12F 出入管
12G 第3仕切板(仕切板)
12H イナート樹脂層
12I 弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pure water production method and an ion exchange column, and more particularly to a pure water production method and an ion exchange column for obtaining high-purity pure water used for, for example, cleaning water for boiler feed water and electronic parts.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A typical example of a conventional pure water production method is a two-bed / three-column ion exchange apparatus. This ion exchange device includes, for example, a cation exchange column filled with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin, an anion exchange column filled with a strongly basic anion exchange resin, and a decarboxylation tower disposed between the two. For example, calcium ions, magnesium ions, sodium ions, etc. in the raw water are ion-exchanged with hydrogen ions of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the cation exchange tower using the downward flowing water of the raw water, and then carbonized under acidic conditions in the decarboxylation tower. Deionized as carbon dioxide gas, and then ion-exchanged sulfate ions, chlorine ions, and other anions and silica in the raw water with hydroxide ions of strongly basic anion exchange resin by pure water in the anion exchange tower. I am trying to manufacture. When regenerating each of the ion exchange resins, for example, the regenerant is passed through each ion exchange tower in a downward flow to perform cocurrent regeneration, or each regenerant is passed in an up flow. And countercurrent regeneration is performed. Further, when the raw water does not contain much carbonate ions, a two-bed, two-column ion exchange apparatus that omits the decarboxylation tower is used.
[0003]
By the way, the anion exchange resin used in the anion exchange column of the conventional ion exchange apparatus of this type comes into contact with an alkaline aqueous solution (for example, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution) that is a regenerant during regeneration, and then an alkali component (sodium ion). It takes a long time to completely wash out a large amount of washing water, and it can only be washed up to, for example, about 1 μS / cm, and the alkali adsorbed on the anion exchange resin even after entering the water sampling process. Although the components were gradually dissolved in the treated water, it took a considerable amount of time for the treated water to reach a certain purity, and the purity of the treated water was about 5 to 10 MΩ · cm.
[0004]
Further, other factors that take time for the treated water to reach a certain purity include the following. That is, the raw water, which is the treated water, generally contains organic acids, and many of the organic acids have a complex structure having a plurality of weak acid groups, and also contain organic acids having a relatively high molecular weight. ing. When organic acid with a relatively high molecular weight was physically adsorbed to the anion exchange resin during the treatment, the organic acid could not be completely eluted by the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution as the regenerant, and was adsorbed on sodium hydroxide and the anion exchange resin. The organic acid may react to form a sodium salt and remain in the anion exchange resin layer. If such a sodium salt of an organic acid remains in the anion exchange resin layer, sodium ions are gradually released from the weak acid group of the organic acid by hydrolysis in the water flow, thereby reducing the purity of the treated water. .
[0005]
Therefore, as a practical measure, in order to obtain high-purity pure water of 17 MΩ · cm or more, the latter stage of the conventional two-bed / three-column ion exchanger (or two-bed / two-column ion exchanger) described above is used. In general, a regenerative mixed bed ion exchange apparatus is installed to remove alkali components and remove silica and other impurities.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, nowadays, there is an increasing demand for high-purity and miniaturization of treated water in ion exchange devices, so let's obtain pure water with high purity (over 17 MΩ · cm) using conventional ion exchange devices. Then, as described above, it is necessary to install a regenerative mixed bed ion exchange apparatus in the subsequent stage of the ion exchange apparatus, and the apparatus becomes large and cannot meet the demand for downsizing of the apparatus. There was a problem that high-purity pure water could not be obtained as described above unless a floor ion exchanger was installed.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can achieve a small-sized ion exchange device and obtain high-purity treated water. Resin layer Water purification method and ion exchange that can remarkably reduce the washing time and save a great deal of washing water Tower The purpose is to provide.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the method for producing pure water according to claim 1 of the present invention, pure water is obtained by passing water to be treated in the order of a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer, and a strong acid cation exchange resin layer. In the pure water production method, a first ion exchange column filled with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the tower leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling, and a strongly basic anion exchange resin and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the tower Using a second ion exchange tower packed in two layers leaving a gap corresponding to each regenerated swelling, water to be treated is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower and a strong basicity of the second ion exchange tower. The water flow step for passing the anion exchange resin layer and the strong acid cation exchange resin layer in this order, and the flow direction of the water to be treated without performing a backwash operation in both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower Is each regenerant in the opposite direction It is characterized in that it has a regeneration step of passing liquid.
[0009]
The pure water production method according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the height of the packed bed of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin of the second ion exchange tower is 600 mm or less. To do.
[0010]
Further, in the pure water production method according to claim 3 of the present invention, in the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2, the regeneration step of the second ion exchange tower first regenerates the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer. The strong base anion exchange resin layer is regenerated later.
[0011]
Moreover, the pure water manufacturing method of Claim 4 of this invention is Claim 1-Claim 3. Any one of In the invention described in (2), the second ion exchange tower is formed with a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer in the upper layer and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer in the lower layer, and the water flow is performed in a downward flow and the regeneration is performed in an upward flow. It is a feature.
[0012]
Moreover, the pure water manufacturing method according to claim 5 of the present invention is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second ion exchange tower has a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer as an upper layer. In addition, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer is formed in the lower layer, and water flow is performed in an upward flow and regeneration is performed in a downward flow.
[0013]
In the pure water production method according to claim 6 of the present invention, the water to be treated is treated as a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer, a weakly basic anion exchange resin layer, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer, or a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer. In the pure water production method for obtaining pure water by passing water in this order, a first ion exchange column packed with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling, and a weakly basic in the column Using a second ion exchange tower in which an anion exchange resin, a strongly basic anion exchange resin, and a strong acid cation exchange resin are packed in three layers leaving a gap corresponding to the water swelled amount and the regenerated swelled amount, A water-passing step of passing a strong acid cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, a weakly basic anion exchange resin layer of the second ion exchange tower, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer, and a strong acid cation exchange resin layer in this order; First ion exchange And without performing a second ion exchange column together backwashing operation, it is characterized in that it has a regeneration step of passing liquid each regenerant in the direction of the water flow direction opposite to the above treatment water.
[0014]
The pure water production method according to claim 7 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 6, the packed bed height of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin of the second ion exchange tower is 600 mm or less. To do.
[0015]
The pure water production method according to claim 8 of the present invention is the method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the regeneration step of the second ion exchange column first regenerates the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer. Then, the strong base anion exchange resin layer and the weak base anion exchange resin are regenerated later.
[0016]
The pure water production method according to claim 9 of the present invention is the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the second ion exchange tower has a weakly basic anion exchange resin in the upper layer. A strongly basic anion exchange resin layer is formed in the layer and the middle layer, and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer is formed in the lower layer, and water is passed in a downward flow and regeneration is performed in an upward flow.
[0017]
Moreover, the pure water manufacturing method according to claim 10 of the present invention is the invention according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the second ion exchange tower has a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer as an upper layer. In addition, a strong basic anion exchange resin layer is formed in the middle layer, and a weak basic anion exchange resin layer is formed in the lower layer, and water flow is performed in an upward flow and regeneration is performed in a downward flow.
[0018]
The ion exchange tower according to claim 11 of the present invention is A first ion exchange column packed with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling amount, and a strong basic anion exchange resin and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column for each regenerated swollen amount And using a second ion exchange tower packed in two layers leaving a gap between them, the water to be treated is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer of the second ion exchange tower, a strong acid Without passing back-flushing both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower in the direction of passing water in the order of the functional cation exchange resin layer, A regenerating step of passing the regenerant of A second ion exchange tower used in a pure water production method, The second ion exchange tower has a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer in the upper layer and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer in the lower layer, performs water flow in a downward flow, and performs regeneration in an upward flow. Above in 2 ion exchange tower Strong base anion exchange resin layer and the above The strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer is allowed to pass water to be treated, but is partitioned by a partition plate that prevents the flow of each ion exchange resin, or is not partitioned by the partition plate, and further near the lower part of the partition plate or the above A regenerant inlet / outlet pipe is provided in the vicinity of the lower part of the separation boundary surface between the two ion exchange resin layers.
[0019]
The ion exchange tower according to claim 12 of the present invention is A first ion exchange column packed with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling amount, and a strong basic anion exchange resin and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column for each regenerated swollen amount And using a second ion exchange tower packed in two layers leaving a gap between them, the water to be treated is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer of the second ion exchange tower, a strong acid Without passing back-flushing both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower in the direction of passing water in the order of the functional cation exchange resin layer, A regenerating step of passing the regenerant of A second ion exchange tower used in a pure water production method, The second ion exchange tower has a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer in the upper layer and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer in the lower layer, and performs water flow in a downward flow and regeneration in an upward flow. Above in the ion exchange tower A strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer; the above An inert resin layer is formed between the strongly basic anion exchange resin layers, and a regenerant inlet / outlet pipe is provided at the center of the inert resin layer.
[0020]
The ion exchange tower according to claim 13 of the present invention is A first ion exchange column packed with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling amount, and a strong basic anion exchange resin and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column for each regenerated swollen amount And using a second ion exchange tower packed in two layers leaving a gap between them, the water to be treated is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer of the second ion exchange tower, a strong acid Without passing back-flushing both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower in the direction of passing water in the order of the functional cation exchange resin layer, A regenerating step of passing the regenerant of A second ion exchange tower used in a pure water production method, The second ion exchange tower has a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer formed in the upper layer and a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer formed in the lower layer, and the water flow is performed in an upward flow and the regeneration is performed in a downward flow. Above in 2 ion exchange tower Strong acid cation exchange resin layer and the above The strongly basic anion exchange resin layer is allowed to flow through the water to be treated, but is partitioned by a partition plate that blocks the flow of each ion exchange resin, and a regenerant inlet / outlet pipe is provided near the upper portion of the partition plate. It is characterized by.
[0021]
The ion exchange tower according to claim 14 of the present invention is A first ion exchange column packed with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling, and a weakly basic anion exchange resin, a strongly basic anion exchange resin, and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column Using a second ion exchange tower packed in three layers leaving a gap corresponding to each water swell and regenerated swell, and the water to be treated is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, the second ion A water-passing step of passing a weakly basic anion exchange resin layer, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer, and a strong acid cation exchange resin layer in this order in the exchange tower, and a backwash operation for both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower And a regeneration step of passing each regenerant in the direction opposite to the direction of water flow of the water to be treated. A second ion exchange tower used in a pure water production method, The second ion exchange tower has a strong acidic cation exchange resin layer in the upper layer, a strong basic anion exchange resin layer in the middle layer, and a weak basic anion exchange resin layer in the lower layer. In the second ion exchange tower Strong acid cation exchange resin layer, the above A strongly basic anion exchange resin layer, the above The weak base anion exchange resin layer is allowed to pass through the water to be treated, but is partitioned by a partition plate that blocks the flow of each ion exchange resin, and the regenerating agent is further contained in the lower layer of the strong acid cation exchange resin layer. It is characterized in that an access pipe is provided.
[0022]
The ion exchange tower according to claim 15 of the present invention is the ion exchange tower according to claim 14, wherein the strong acid cation exchange resin layer is filled with an inert resin in the lower part of the strong acid cation exchange resin layer. It is characterized in that an access pipe is provided.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in FIGS. In addition, in each figure, FIG.1 and FIG.4 is a block diagram which shows the 2 bed 3 tower type ion exchange apparatus used for one Embodiment of the pure water manufacturing method of this invention, FIG.2, FIG.3 and FIG.5-9. These are the block diagrams which show the structure of the 2nd ion exchange column used for other embodiment of the pure water manufacturing method of this invention, respectively.
[0024]
First, a two-bed / three-column ion exchanger (hereinafter simply referred to as “ion exchanger”) used in an embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the ion exchange device 10 includes a first main body 11 </ b> A filled with a strong acid cation exchange resin (hereinafter, referred to as “strong acid cation exchange resin layer”) 11 </ b> B. A strong basic anion exchange resin (hereinafter referred to as “strong basic anion exchange resin layer” as required) 12B and a strong acidic cation exchange resin 12C are provided in the ion exchange tower 11 and the tower main body 12A, respectively. As a second ion exchange tower 12 packed in a two-layer form, and a decarboxylation tower 13 disposed between the two ion exchange towers 11 and 12. An inflow pipe 14 into which raw water flows is connected to the top of the first ion exchange tower 11, and the bottom of the first ion exchange tower 11, the decarboxylation tower 13, the decarboxylation tower 13, and the second ion exchange. The top of the tower 12 is connected by connecting pipes 15 and 16, and the outflow pipe 17 of treated water is connected to the bottom of the second ion exchange tower 12. Reference numeral 18 denotes a pump that feeds the secondary treated water flowing out from the decarboxylation tower 13 to the second ion exchange tower 12.
[0025]
Then, raw water that is to be treated flows into the first ion exchange tower 11 from the inflow pipe 14 and passes through the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 11B in a downward flow as shown by the solid line arrow to obtain primary treated water. The primary treated water is decarboxylated in the decarboxylation tower 13 via the connecting pipe 15, and then the secondary treated water is supplied to the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer of the second ion exchange tower 12 via the connecting pipe 16. Pure water is obtained as treated water by passing water in a descending flow in the order of 12B and strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C. As described above, the treatment of the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B with the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C in the second ion exchange tower 12 has the following advantages.
[0026]
That is, after regenerating the strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B, it is difficult to completely wash away the alkali regenerant even if the washing operation is performed. Alkaline components such as sodium ions leak as impurities. However, by disposing the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C as the lower layer of the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B in the same tower, a slight alkali component leaking from the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B is removed from the strong acid in the lower layer. The alkaline component resulting from the hydrolysis of the sodium salt of the organic acid adsorbed on the strongly basic anion exchange resin 12B is removed reliably by the basic cation exchange resin 12C, and the treated water is determined in a shorter time than before. In addition to being able to start up to purity, it is possible to obtain pure water with higher purity than before. Therefore, the washing time of the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B after regeneration can be shortened, and washing water can be saved significantly.
[0027]
The layer height of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C varies depending on the diameter of the second ion exchange column 12, but if the diameter is, for example, 1000 mm or less, a strong base anion exchange resin layer is provided if the layer height is about 300 mm. Alkaline components such as slight sodium ions leaking from 12B can be removed. When the diameter is about 2000 mm, for example, a layer height of about 600 mm is required. Usually, the diameter of the second ion exchange tower 12 rarely exceeds 2000 mm, and the layer height of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C is generally Specifically, when it is 600 mm or less, the function of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C is sufficiently exhibited. In order to remove sodium hydroxide, a weakly acidic cation exchange resin can be used instead of a strongly acidic cation exchange resin, but this resin has a large swelling and shrinkage of regenerated and salt forms, so In the present invention, a strongly acidic cation exchange resin is used because it is difficult to fill and inferior to a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in terms of the purity of treated water.
[0028]
Thus, the first and second partition plates 11C and 11D are provided horizontally at the bottom of the column main body 11A of the first ion exchange column 11 and in the vicinity of the top of the column, and strong acid cation exchange is performed by the first partition plate 11C. The resin layer 11B is supported. The strongly acidic cation exchange resin swells around about 7% at the time of regeneration, particularly when it is pushed out with water after passing the acid regenerant, so the strong acid cation exchange resin of the standard form (sodium form) is packed in the tower body 11A. In doing so, the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 11B and the second partition plate 11D are filled with the strong acid cation exchange resin almost completely, leaving a gap corresponding to the space corresponding to the regenerated swelling. This gap is blocked by the swelling of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin 11B during regeneration. Each of the first and second partition plates 11C and 11D has a large number of communicating means communicating with the upper and lower spaces, for example, a plurality of strainers are formed dispersed on the entire surface of each partition plate. Liquids such as water to be treated and regenerant circulate, and each ion exchange resin cannot be circulated. Further, the inflow pipe 14 is connected to a regenerant outflow pipe 14A through which the regeneration waste liquid of the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 11B flows out, and the connection pipe 15 is connected to a regenerant inflow pipe 15A through which the acid regenerant flows. . In addition, the structure of the partition plate demonstrated below is comprised similarly to the 1st, 2nd partition plates 11C and 11D. Further, in each drawing including FIG. 1, a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling is not shown.
[0029]
Therefore, when regenerating the strongly acidic cation exchange resin 11B of the first ion exchange column 11, if an acid regenerant such as a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution is passed through the regenerant inflow pipe 15A in an upward flow direction opposite to the water flow direction, After the regenerant regenerates this resin by flowing up the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 11B as indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, the acid regeneration waste liquid flows out from the regenerant outflow pipe 14A. In FIG. 1, the piping related to the regenerant and the flow of the regenerant are indicated by alternate long and short dash lines. The same applies to FIGS. 2 to 9 showing ion exchange columns of other embodiments to be described later.
[0030]
On the other hand, first and second partition plates 12D and 12E are provided horizontally at the bottom of the column main body 12A of the second ion exchange column 12 and in the vicinity of the top of the column, and the strongly basic anion exchange resin is provided by the first partition plate 12D. The layer 12B and the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C are supported in a state of being laminated in two layers. In addition, since the strong base anion exchange resin and the strong acid cation exchange resin swell at the time of regeneration, when the ion exchange resins 12B and 12C are filled in the tower body 12A, the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C is filled, The strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B is almost fully filled in the tower main body 12A while leaving a gap corresponding to the space corresponding to the regenerated swelling of each resin between the second partition plates 12E on its upper surface. These gaps are blocked by the swelling of each ion exchange resin during regeneration. Further, a regenerant outflow pipe 16A from which the regeneration waste liquid of the strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B as the upper layer flows out is connected to the connection pipe 16, and an acid of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C as the lower layer is connected to the outflow pipe 17. A regenerant inflow pipe 17A through which the regenerant flows is connected. An inlet / outlet pipe 12F of a regenerant used during regeneration is disposed horizontally at or slightly below the boundary surface between the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B and the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C. It has a function as a distributor of the alkaline regenerant and a collector of a waste liquid of the acid regenerant.
[0031]
Therefore, when regenerating the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B, supplying the alkali regenerant from the inlet / outlet pipe 12F and supplying pure water from the bottom of the tower main body 12A as balance water in an upward flow balances the alkali regenerant. As shown by the alternate long and short dash line along with the water, the strong basic anion exchange resin layer 12B is regenerated by flowing upward, and the alkali regeneration waste liquid flows out from the regenerant outflow pipe 16A. In addition, when regenerating the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C, when the acid regenerant is supplied from the regenerant inflow pipe 17A and the balance water is supplied from the top of the tower, the acid regenerant causes the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C to pass through the one-dot chain line. As shown in FIG. 5, the water is regenerated by flowing in the upward flow, and the balance water is flowed in the downward flow.
[0032]
As the regeneration order of each ion exchange resin in the second ion exchange tower 12, after the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C on the water flow outlet side is regenerated first, the strong basic anion exchange resin layer 12B on the water flow inlet side is regenerated. Reproduce. In this way, the highly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C on the water outlet side is first regenerated countercurrently, whereby high-purity treated water can be obtained. For example, when the strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B is regenerated first, and then the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C is regenerated, the lower layer portion of the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B highly regenerated by an upward flow is later formed. The regenerating acid regenerating agent comes into contact, and the lower layer portion becomes a salt form that most affects the conductivity of the treated water, thereby reducing the purity of the treated water. On the other hand, when the lower strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C on the water flow outlet side is regenerated first and the upper strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B on the water flow inlet side is regenerated later, as described above Thus, high-purity treated water can be obtained without causing any significant phenomenon. As described above, when the lower strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C is regenerated first and the upper strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B is regenerated later, the upper layer portion of the regenerated strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12BC is strongly basic. An alkali regenerant such as sodium hydroxide which is a regenerant of the anion exchange resin layer 12B comes into contact with the salt form. In this case, since the water to be treated is passed in a downward flow, the water to be treated is a strong acid. The lowermost layer portion is ideally regenerated without first contacting the salt form portion (upper layer portion) of the cationic cation exchange resin layer 12C and affecting the purity of the treated water.
[0033]
Next, the pure water manufacturing method of this invention using the said ion exchange apparatus 10 is demonstrated. In the pure water production method of the present embodiment, when raw water is processed in the water flow process, the raw water flows into the tower top space in the tower body 11 from the inflow pipe 14 and exchanges strong acidic cations via the second partition plate 11D. Dispersed over the entire upper surface of the resin layer 11B. This raw water passes through the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 11B in a downward flow, and during this time cations such as calcium ions, magnesium ions, sodium ions, etc. in the raw water are removed by the strong acid cation exchange resin 11B, and the first partition plate It flows out from the connection pipe 15 as primary treated water via 11C. Then, the secondary treated water from which the carbonate ions remaining in the primary treated water in the decarbonation tower 13 are removed as carbon dioxide gas passes through the connection pipe 16 into the tower top space in the tower main body 12A of the second ion exchange tower 12. Inflow.
[0034]
The secondary treated water that has flowed into the column main body 12A of the second ion exchange column 12 is dispersed over the entire upper surface of the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B via the second partition plate 12E. The secondary treated water is passed through the entire strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B in a downward flow, and during this time, anions such as chlorine ions, sulfate ions, nitrate ions, silica and residual carbonic acid in the secondary treated water are strongly basic. After being removed by the anion exchange resin 12B, the strong acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C in the lower layer is allowed to flow in a downward flow, and a slight amount of alkali components such as sodium ions leaking from the upper layer into the treated water are captured to treat the treated water. The pure water of high purity flows out from the outflow pipe 17 of the second ion exchange tower 12.
[0035]
When each ion exchange resin reaches the flow-through point due to the production of pure water described above, each ion exchange resin is regenerated in a regeneration step. For this purpose, the ion exchange resins of the first and second ion exchange towers 11 and 12 are regenerated without backwashing the ion exchange resin layers of the first and second ion exchange towers 11 and 12. For example, the regeneration operation of the second ion exchange column 12 is performed first, and the regeneration operation of the first ion exchange column 11 is performed later.
[0036]
In order to perform the regeneration operation of the second ion exchange column 12, first, the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C in the lower layer located on the water outlet side of the tower body 12A is regenerated countercurrently. That is, the acid regenerant is supplied from the regenerator inflow pipe 17A at the bottom of the tower into the tower body 12A, and pure water is supplied as balance water from the top of the tower. As a result, the acid regenerant flows into the space at the bottom of the tower and passes through the second partition plate 12D to the entire strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C as an underflow to efficiently regenerate the strong acid cation exchange resin 12C. To do. At the time when the acid regeneration waste liquid flows out of the inlet / outlet pipe 12F, the balance water has already reached the lower layer, and the acidic waste liquid joins with the balance water without entering the upper layer and is discharged from the inlet / outlet pipe 12F as the acid regeneration waste liquid.
[0037]
After the counter-current regeneration of the lower strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C, pure water is supplied from the tower bottom instead of the acid regenerant, and pure water is passed from both the tower top and the tower bottom. Then, the cleaning operation is performed, and the cleaning waste liquid is discharged from the inlet / outlet pipe 12F.
[0038]
After the lower layer washing operation, the upper strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B located on the water inlet side is regenerated countercurrently. That is, balance water is supplied from the bottom of the tower and, for example, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is supplied as an alkali regenerant from the inlet / outlet pipe 12F. As a result, the alkali regenerant flows into the uppermost layer of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C via the inlet / outlet pipe 12F, where it merges with the balance water, and the alkali regenerant flows upward into the entire strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B. In order to efficiently regenerate the strongly basic anion exchange resin. At the time when the alkaline regenerant flows in from the inlet / outlet pipe 12F, the balance water has already reached the inlet / outlet pipe 12F, and the alkali regenerant joins with the balance water to regenerate the strongly basic anion exchange resin 12B, and then the regenerant outflow pipe. 16A is discharged as alkali regeneration waste liquid. After countercurrent regeneration of the upper strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B, supply of the alkali regenerant is stopped, and pure water is flowed up from only the bottom of the tower to extrude and wash the regenerator of the strong base anion exchange resin. In operation, the cleaning waste liquid is discharged from the regenerant outflow pipe 16A.
[0039]
By the way, since the strong basic anion exchange resin 12B in the upper layer and the strong acidic cation exchange resin 12C in the lower layer are only partitioned by the difference in specific gravity, both are slightly mixed at the interface of both ion exchange resin layers. During the regeneration of the strongly basic anion exchange resin, the portion above the inlet / outlet pipe 12F of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin 12C in the lower layer is reversely regenerated by the alkali regenerator and mixed with the lowermost layer portion of the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B. However, since this portion is located on the upstream side during water flow, the ion exchange capacity of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin slightly decreases, but does not affect the quality of the treated water.
[0040]
Next, the regeneration operation of the first ion exchange column 11 is performed. That is, the acid regenerant is passed through the regenerant inflow pipe 15A of the first ion exchange column 11 as an upward flow to the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 11B, and the regenerated waste liquid flows out from the regenerant outflow pipe 14A. Thereafter, the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 11B is extruded, washed, etc., and the regeneration operation is completed. After that, the water flow process and the regeneration process are repeated without performing a backwash operation, and the raw water is treated by an ion exchange reaction to produce pure water. The regeneration of the strong acid cation exchange resin in the first ion exchange column 11 can be performed simultaneously with the strong acid cation exchange resin in the second ion exchange column 12. In this case, as described above, the entire amount of the regenerated waste liquid flowing out from the inlet / outlet pipe 12F during the regeneration of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the second ion exchange tower 12 is passed through the regenerant inflow pipe 15A of the first ion exchange tower 11. To the first ion exchange column 11.
[0041]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the first ion exchange column 11 in which the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 11B is filled in the column main body 11A leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling, and the column main body 12A. Using the second ion exchange tower 12 in which the strongly basic anion exchange resin 12B and the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C are filled as upper and lower layers leaving a gap corresponding to each regenerated swelling, Since water is passed and each regenerant is passed in an upward flow, the following effects can be obtained.
[0042]
That is, in the water flow process for obtaining pure water, the raw water is passed through the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 11B of the first ion exchange column 11, and then the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B of the second ion exchange column 12 and the strong acid. Since the water flows in a descending flow in the order of the cationic cation exchange resin layer 12C, the strong ion cation exchange resin 12C is filled with a small amount of the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B in the second ion exchange tower 12 in particular. Even if alkali components such as a small amount of sodium ions remain in the treated water of the basic anion exchange resin layer 12B, the alkaline component is surely removed by the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C in the lower layer, and high purity pure water is obtained. Can be obtained. In addition, since it is only necessary to fill a strong anion exchange resin in a conventional anion exchange column without adding a column, the ion exchange device is markedly compared with the conventional method in which a regenerative mixed bed type ion exchange device is added. Can be miniaturized.
[0043]
Further, in the regeneration step, the first ion exchange column 11 and the second ion exchange column 12 are not backwashed, and the respective regenerants are passed in the opposite direction of the raw water flow direction to countercurrent regeneration. Therefore, it can be regenerated as it is without disturbing the arrangement of ion forms formed at the ion exchange resin layer at the end of water flow, and the regenerated ion exchange resin at the bottom layer remaining at the end of water flow It can be utilized effectively and the reproduction efficiency can be maximized.
[0044]
For example, the case of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin of the first ion exchange column 11 will be further described. The arrangement of the resin layer when water is passed is calcium, sodium, and hydrogen from the top. Without backwashing the layer, if hydrochloric acid is passed from the lower side of the resin layer as an acid regenerant in this state, the hydrochloric acid first passes through the hydrogen-type resin in the lower layer to elute the sodium-type resin first. This is made into hydrogen form, and the waste liquid sodium chloride elutes the upper calcium form resin to make it into sodium form, and the sodium form resin comes into contact with hydrochloric acid to make it into hydrogen form. Thus, the elution is performed in sequence, and the calcium-type resin, which is originally difficult to elute with hydrogen ions, can be effectively obtained by interposing sodium ions, which are more eluting than hydrogen ions. In addition, the hydrogen-type resin remaining at the end of water flow can be kept under the ion exchange resin layer as it is, so that it can be regenerated in the most ideal state in the operation of regeneration. The hydrogen-type resin produced by regeneration can be maximized. Regardless of whether the direction of water flow is a downward flow or an upward flow, both ion exchange resins perform countercurrent regeneration without performing backwashing after the completion of water flow. As described above, both ion exchange resins can be regenerated in the most ideal state.
[0045]
Further, in the washing step after regeneration, since the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C is disposed as the lower layer of the second ion exchange tower 12, until the alkaline component does not leak from the upper strong basic anion exchange resin layer 12B. There is no need for cleaning, the cleaning operation can be stopped in a short time, and the amount of cleaning water used can be greatly saved. That is, when the washing operation is stopped in a short time, the remaining alkaline component leaks when water flow is started. However, even if the alkaline component leaks, the alkaline component is surely secured by the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C in the lower layer. It is possible to obtain pure water with high purity by trapping and removing.
[0046]
FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the ion exchange tower of the present invention, and this ion exchange tower is used in place of the second ion exchange tower 12 shown in FIG. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the same or corresponding parts as those shown in FIG. In the case of the second ion exchange column 121, the third partition plate is formed at the boundary between the upper strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B and the lower strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C shown in FIG. 12G is provided, and the second ion exchange column 12 shown in FIG. 1 is configured except that an inlet / outlet pipe 12F is provided slightly below the third partition plate 12G. And when filling each ion exchange resin, while leaving a gap corresponding to the space corresponding to the regenerated swollen portion of the strongly basic anion exchange resin 12B between the second partition plate 12E and filling the resin almost completely, The resin is filled almost completely with a gap corresponding to the space corresponding to the regenerated swelling of the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C between the third partition plate 12G. And in the water flow process, descending water flows in the order of the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B and the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C, and in the regeneration process, the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C and the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B. In this order, the ascending flow liquid is performed.
[0047]
Therefore, according to this embodiment, the upper strong basic anion exchange resin layer 12B and the lower strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C are partitioned by the third partition plate 12G. In addition, high-purity pure water can be stably produced without mixing the ion exchange resins 12B and 12C. In addition, the same effect as the ion exchange apparatus shown in FIG. 1 can be expected.
[0048]
FIG. 3 is a view showing another embodiment of the ion exchange tower of the present invention, and this ion exchange tower is used in place of the second ion exchange tower 12 shown in FIG. In the case of the second ion exchange column 122, there is no chemical interposition between the upper strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B and the lower strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C shown in FIG. Except that an active inert resin 12H is arranged and an inlet / outlet pipe 12F is provided at the center in the longitudinal direction of the inert resin 12H, the second ion exchange tower 12 shown in FIG. 1 is used. Here, the inert resin is also referred to as an inert resin, and refers to, for example, a copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene which is the same as a base of a normal ion exchange resin and has no ion exchange group.
[0049]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, since the inlet / outlet pipe 12F is provided in the inert resin 12H, the lower strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C is also formed during the regeneration of the upper strong basic anion exchange resin layer 12B performed later. A reverse regeneration portion does not occur, and the ion exchange capacity of the lower strong acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C does not decrease. In addition, the same effect as the ion exchange apparatus shown in FIG. 1 can be expected.
[0050]
FIG. 4 is a view showing a two-bed / three-column ion exchange apparatus used in still another embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention. The same or corresponding parts as those shown in FIG. It is. As shown in FIG. 4, the ion exchange apparatus 10A of the present embodiment includes a first ion exchange column 11 in which a strongly acidic cation exchange resin 11B is packed in a tower body 11A, and a strongly basic anion exchange in the tower body 12A. A second ion-exchange tower 123 in which a resin 12B and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin 12C are packed in two layers as a lower layer and an upper layer, respectively, and a decarboxylation tower 13 disposed between the both 11 and 123; Then, the raw water passes the first and second ion exchange towers 11 and 123 in an upward flow, and in the regeneration step, the regenerant of each ion exchange resin passes through the first and second ion exchange towers 11 and 123 in a downward flow. I have to do it. An inflow pipe 14 into which raw water flows is connected to the bottom of the first ion exchange tower 11, and the top of the first ion exchange tower 11, the decarboxylation tower 13, the decarboxylation tower 13, and the second ion exchange tower 123. Are connected by connecting pipes 15 and 16, respectively, and an outflow pipe 17 is connected to the top of the second ion exchange tower 123.
[0051]
In the second ion exchange column 123, as shown in FIG. 4, a third partition plate 12G is provided between the upper strong acid cation exchange resin 12C and the lower strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B. The entrance / exit pipe 12F is disposed slightly above the second partition plate 12G. Between the first partition plate 12D and the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B and between the third partition plate 12G and the strongly basic anion exchange resin 12B, a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling of each resin (not shown) The gaps are clogged by the swelling of each ion exchange resin during regeneration. The third partition plate 12G is arranged between the lower strong basic anion exchange resin layer 12B and the upper strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C in this way because the specific gravity of the strong basic anion exchange resin is strong acid cation exchange. This is because it is less than the specific gravity of the resin, so that both ion exchange resins are prevented from being mixed during repeated water flow and regeneration in the second ion exchange column 123.
[0052]
As the regeneration order of each ion exchange resin in the second ion exchange tower 123, after regenerating the upper strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C on the water flow outlet side first, the strong basicity of the lower layer on the water flow inlet side The anion exchange resin layer 12B is regenerated. In this way on the water outlet side Strong acid cation exchange resin layer The reason why 12C is regenerated countercurrently and the strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B on the water outlet side is regenerated countercurrently is as described above.
[0053]
Next, the pure water manufacturing method of this invention using the said ion exchange apparatus 10A is demonstrated. In the pure water production method of the present embodiment, when raw water is treated in the water flow process, the raw water flows into the tower bottom space in the tower body 11 from the inflow pipe 14 and exchanges strong acidic cations via the first partition plate 11C. Dispersed over the entire lower surface of the resin layer 11B. The raw water passes through the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 11B as a whole in an upward flow, and during this time, cations in the raw water are removed by the strong acid cation exchange resin 11B, and the second water is discharged from the connecting pipe 15 via the second partition plate 11D. It flows out as the next treated water. Then, carbonate ions remaining in the secondary treated water are removed as carbon dioxide gas in the decarboxylation tower 13 to obtain secondary treated water, and this secondary treated water is passed through the connecting pipe 16 to the second ion exchange tower 123. It flows into the tower body 12A from the tower bottom side.
[0054]
The secondary treated water that has flowed into the column main body 12A of the second ion exchange column 123 is dispersed over the entire lower surface of the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B through the first partition plate 12D. This secondary treated water is passed through the entire strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B by upward flow, and during this time, anions such as chloride ion, sulfate ion, nitrate ion, silica, residual carbonic acid in the secondary treated water are strongly basic. The anion exchange resin 12B is removed, and then the strong acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C in the upper layer is made to flow in an upward flow to capture a slight amount of alkali components such as sodium ions leaking from the lower layer into the treated water. The high-purity pure water flows out from the outflow pipe 17 of the second ion exchange column 123.
[0055]
When each ion exchange resin reaches the flow-through point due to the production of pure water described above, each ion exchange resin is regenerated in a regeneration step. For this purpose, the ion exchange resins of the first and second ion exchange towers 11 and 123 are regenerated without backwashing the ion exchange resin layers of the first and second ion exchange towers 11 and 123. For example, the regeneration operation of the second ion exchange column 123 is performed first, and the regeneration operation of the first ion exchange column 11 is performed later.
[0056]
In order to perform the regeneration operation of the second ion exchange tower 123, first, the upper strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C located on the water outlet side of the tower body 12A is regenerated countercurrently. That is, the acid regenerant is supplied from the regenerator inflow pipe 17A at the top of the tower into the tower main body 12A, and pure water is supplied as balance water from the tower bottom. As a result, the acid regenerant flows into the space at the top of the tower, and flows downward through the second partition plate 12E to the entire strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C, thereby efficiently regenerating the strong acid cation exchange resin. . The acid regeneration waste liquid joins with the balance water and is discharged from the inlet / outlet pipe 12F.
[0057]
After the counter-current regeneration of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C in the upper layer, pure water is supplied from the top of the tower instead of the acid regenerant, and pure water is passed from both the top and bottom of the tower body 12. Then, the regeneration agent of the strong acid cation exchange resin 12C is extruded and washed, and the washing waste liquid is discharged from the inlet / outlet pipe 12F.
[0058]
After the upper layer washing operation, the lower strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B located on the water inlet side is regenerated countercurrently. That is, the balance water is supplied from the top of the tower and the alkali regenerant is supplied from the inlet / outlet pipe 12F. As a result, the alkali regenerant flows into the lowermost layer of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C through the inlet / outlet pipe 12F, where it merges with the balance water, and the alkali regenerant flows down to the entire strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B. In order to efficiently regenerate the strongly basic anion exchange resin. The alkali regeneration waste liquid joins with the balance water and is discharged from the regenerant outflow pipe 16A. After counter-current regeneration of the lower strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B, supply of the alkali regenerant is stopped, and pure water is flowed down from only the top of the tower to extrude and wash the regenerator of the strong base anion exchange resin. In operation, the cleaning waste liquid is discharged from the regenerant outflow pipe 16A.
[0059]
Next, the regeneration operation of the first ion exchange column 11 is performed. That is, the acid regenerant is passed downward from the regenerant inflow pipe 15A of the first ion exchange column 11 to the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 11B, and the regeneration waste liquid is discharged from the regenerant outflow pipe 14A. Thereafter, a washing operation or the like of the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 11B is performed to finish the regeneration operation. After that, the water flow process and the regeneration process are repeated without performing a backwash operation, and the raw water is treated by an ion exchange reaction to produce pure water. As in the description of FIG. 1, an acid regenerant is passed through the strong acid cation exchange resin of the second ion exchange column 123 and the strong acid cation exchange resin of the first ion exchange column 11 in a consistent manner, and both are simultaneously passed. It can also be played.
[0060]
As described above, also in this embodiment, the same effects as those in the above embodiments can be obtained. That is, in the water flow process for obtaining pure water, the strong basic anion exchange resin layer 12B is simply filled with a small amount of the strong acidic cation exchange resin 12B as the upper layer of the strong ion exchange resin layer 12B of the second ion exchange column 123. Even if a slight amount of alkali component remains in the treated water, high-purity pure water can be obtained while the alkali component is reliably removed by the strong acidic cation exchange resin 12C in the upper layer, and the ion exchange apparatus is downsized. be able to.
[0061]
Further, in the regeneration step, countercurrent regeneration is performed by passing the respective regenerants in the direction opposite to the flow direction of the raw water without backwashing both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower. Therefore, the regeneration efficiency can be maximized as in the above embodiments, and it is not necessary to wash until the alkaline component does not leak from the strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B as a lower layer, and the washing is performed in a short time. The operation can be aborted, and the amount of washing water used can be greatly saved.
[0062]
FIG. 5 is a view showing another embodiment of the ion exchange tower of the present invention, and this ion exchange tower is used in place of the second ion exchange tower 12 shown in FIG. In the case of the second ion exchange tower 124, as shown in FIG. 5, a weakly basic anion exchange resin layer 12I, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B, and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C are provided in the tower body 12A. It is laminated in this order as an upper layer, a middle layer, and a lower layer, and each ion exchange resin is almost fully packed in three layers in the tower body 12A, leaving a gap corresponding to the amount of water swelled and regenerated and swollen. . The second ion exchange column 124 is preferably used when the raw water contains a relatively large amount of mineral acid components (strong acid ions such as chloride ions, nitrate ions and sulfate ions). In the downward flowing water, by laminating the weakly basic anion exchange resin layer 12I on the strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B in this way, before the secondary treated water reaches the strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B. The mineral acid component can be removed in advance by the weakly basic anion exchange resin layer 12I. Further, the tower main body 12A is provided with first and second partition plates 12D and 12E near the tower bottom and the tower top, respectively, as in the case of FIG.
[0063]
Therefore, when pure water is produced from raw water containing a relatively large amount of mineral acid components, the amount of the alkali regenerant used can be reduced by using a weakly basic anion exchange resin with good regeneration efficiency. Running costs can be reduced. Even if a slight amount of alkali components such as sodium ions remain in the treated water of the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B, the alkaline component is surely removed by the strongly acidic cation exchange resin 12C in the lower layer, and high purity pure The ability to obtain water is the same as in the previous embodiment.
[0064]
Further, in the regeneration step of the second ion exchange column 124, as in the case of the second ion exchange column 12 shown in FIG. 1, the strongly acidic cation exchange resin 12C on the water outlet side is first regenerated with an acid regenerant, Later, the strong base anion exchange resin 12B and the weak strong base anion exchange resin 12I on the water inlet side are consistently regenerated in an upward flow.
[0065]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the weak base anion exchange resin layer 12I as the upper layer, the strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B as the middle layer, and the lower layer in the column main body 12A of the second ion exchange column 124 of the ion exchange device. Since the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C is filled almost in three layers, leaving gaps corresponding to the respective water swell and regenerated swell, and pure water is produced by descending circulating water. Even if a relatively large amount of mineral acid component is contained, high-purity pure water can be obtained, and the ion exchange apparatus can be downsized. Further, in the regeneration step, the weakly basic anion exchange resin layer 12I has a high regeneration efficiency, so that the running is greatly performed as compared with the case where all strongly strong anion exchange resins are used as the anion exchange resin used in the second ion exchange column 124. Cost can be reduced.
[0066]
FIG. 6 is a view showing another embodiment of the ion exchange tower of the present invention, and this ion exchange tower is used in place of the second ion exchange tower 12 shown in FIG. In the case of the second ion exchange tower 125, as shown in FIG. 6, the strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B and the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C are shown in FIG. 5 except that they are partitioned by the third partition plate 12G. The configuration is the same as that of the ion exchange column 124. Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, it is the same as the second ion exchange column 124 shown in FIG. 5 except that the mixing of the strongly basic anion exchange resin 12B and the strongly acidic cation exchange resin 12C can be reliably prevented. The effect of this can be expected.
[0067]
FIG. 7 is a view showing another embodiment of the ion exchange tower of the present invention, and this ion exchange tower is used in place of the second ion exchange tower 12 shown in FIG. In the case of the second ion exchange tower 126, as shown in FIG. 7, a weakly basic anion exchange resin layer 12I, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B, and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C are provided in the tower body 12A. In this order, the layers are laminated as an upper layer, a middle layer, and a lower layer, and each ion exchange resin is almost fully packed in three layers in the tower main body 12A, leaving a gap corresponding to the amount of water swelled and regenerated and swollen. 5 except that an inert resin layer 12H is arranged between the strong basic anion exchange resin layer 12B and the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C, and an inlet / outlet pipe 12F is arranged at the longitudinal center of the inert resin layer 12H. The ion exchange tower 125 shown in FIG. Therefore, in the case of the present embodiment, mixing of the strongly basic anion exchange resin 12B and the strongly acidic cation exchange resin 12C is surely prevented, and a part of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin 12C by the alkali regenerating agent to be regenerated later is partially obtained. Except for the point that reverse regeneration can be prevented, the same operational effects as those of the second ion exchange column 124 shown in FIG. 5 are obtained.
[0068]
FIG. 8 is a view showing another embodiment of the ion exchange tower of the present invention, and this ion exchange tower is used in place of the second ion exchange tower 123 shown in FIG. In the case of the second ion exchange tower 127, as shown in FIG. 8, a weakly basic anion exchange resin layer 12I, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer 12B, and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C are provided in the tower body 12A. Layered in this order as a lower layer, a middle layer, and an upper layer, the tower main body 12A is almost fully packed in three layers leaving a gap corresponding to the water-swelled and regenerated swollen portions of the respective resins. A third partition plate 12G is provided between the exchange resin 12B and the strong acid cation exchange resin 12C, and a fourth partition plate 12J is provided between the strong base anion exchange resin 12B and the weak base anion exchange resin 12I. Is provided. In the water flow process, the raw water is passed through the first and second ion exchange towers 11 and 127 as shown by the solid arrows, and in the regeneration process, the respective regenerants are the first and second ion exchange towers. The ion exchange resin layers 11 and 123 are allowed to flow in a downward flow. Thus, by providing the third and fourth partition plates 12G and 12J between the resins, the ion exchange resin is prevented from being mixed due to the difference in specific gravity when the second ion exchange tower 127 is passed through the upflow. The specific gravity increases in the order of weakly basic anion exchange resin, strong basic anion exchange resin, and strongly acidic cation exchange resin.
[0069]
The order of regeneration of the respective ion exchange resins in the second ion exchange column 127 is that the upper strong acidic cation exchange resin layer 12C on the water outlet side is first regenerated in a downward flow and then the water inlet side. The strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B in the middle layer and the weak base anion exchange resin layer 12I in the lower layer are consistently regenerated in a downward flow. The reason why the strongly acidic cation exchange resin 12C on the water outlet side is regenerated countercurrently and the strong base anion exchange resin layer 12B on the water outlet side is regenerated countercurrently as described above is as described above. . Even in this embodiment, even when raw water containing a large amount of mineral acid components is treated, high-purity pure water can be obtained by a small ion exchange device without adding an ion exchange tower, and washing is performed during regeneration. Time can be saved and washing water can be saved significantly.
[0070]
FIG. 9 is a view showing another embodiment of the ion exchange tower of the present invention, and this ion exchange tower is used in place of the second ion exchange tower 123 shown in FIG. In the case of the second ion exchange column 128, as shown in FIG. 9, an inert resin layer 12H is filled in the lower layer portion of the strong acidic cation exchange resin 12C in the upper layer in the column body 12A, and the inert resin layer 12H The ion exchange column 127 is configured in the same manner as the ion exchange column 127 shown in FIG. Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, when the anion exchange resin layers 12B and 12I are regenerated later, the reverse regeneration portion does not occur in the lowermost layer portion of the strong acid cation exchange resin layer 12C, and ions of the strong acid cation exchange resin are produced. The exchange capacity does not decrease and does not affect the quality of the treated water. In addition, similar to the second ion exchange column 127 shown in FIG.
[0071]
In each of the above embodiments, the two-bed / three-column ion exchange apparatus and the second ion-exchange tower have been described. However, the present invention omits the decarboxylation tower when the carbonate ion content is low. It can be applied to a type ion exchange apparatus.
[0072]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention Each claim According to the invention described in the above, it is possible to realize a small ion exchange device and obtain high-purity treated water. Resin layer Water purification method and ion exchange that can remarkably reduce the washing time and save a great deal of washing water Tower Can be provided.
[0073]
Furthermore, Invention of Claim 6-10 of this invention And inventions according to claims 14 to 15 According to the present invention, even if the water to be treated contains a relatively large amount of mineral acid components, it is possible to achieve a reduction in regeneration cost and obtain a high-purity treated water, and an anion exchange Resin layer Water purification method and ion exchange that can remarkably reduce the washing time and save a great deal of washing water Tower Can be provided.
[0074]
In addition, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) When regenerating the strongly acidic cation exchange resin and the strongly basic anion exchange resin (and weakly basic anion exchange resin) laminated in the second ion exchange tower, it is recommended not to carry out backwashing after passing water. The regeneration operation itself can be performed in an ideal state because of the flow regeneration, and the amount of H-type strongly acidic cation exchange resin or OH-type strongly basic anion exchange resin to be generated after regeneration per amount of the regenerant used can be determined. Can be maximized, and the processing capacity can be increased.
(2) When regenerating both ion exchange resins laminated in the second ion exchange tower, regenerating them later by regenerating them in the reverse order of passing the water to be treated through both ion exchange resins. Even if the regenerant of the ion exchange resin comes into contact with the other ion exchange tree that has been regenerated earlier and becomes salt form, this salt form is located at the most upstream part, so that the purity of the treated water is not affected at all. Can be.
(3) Stable ion exchange operation can be carried out without mixing both ion exchange resins even if water passage and regeneration are repeated by partitioning both ion exchange resins with a partition plate.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a two-bed / three-column ion exchange apparatus used in an embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a layer configuration of an ion exchange resin of a second ion exchange tower used in another embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a layer configuration of an ion exchange resin of a second ion exchange tower used in still another embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a two-bed / three-column ion exchange apparatus used in still another embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a layer configuration of an ion exchange resin of a second ion exchange tower used in still another embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a layer configuration of an ion exchange resin of a second ion exchange tower used in still another embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a layer structure of an ion exchange resin of a second ion exchange tower used in still another embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a layer configuration of an ion exchange resin of a second ion exchange tower used in still another embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a view showing a layer configuration of an ion exchange resin of a second ion exchange tower used in still another embodiment of the pure water production method of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 10A 2-bed, 3-tower type ion exchanger
11 First ion exchange tower
11A Tower body
11B Strong acid cation exchange resin layer
12, 121, 123, 124, 125 Second ion exchange tower
126, 127, 128, 129 Second ion exchange tower
12A tower body
12B Strongly basic anion exchange resin layer
12C strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer
12F access pipe
12G 3rd partition plate (partition plate)
12H inert resin layer
12I Weakly basic anion exchange resin layer

Claims (15)

被処理水を強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水して純水を得る純水製造方法において、塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して二層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向とは逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有することを特徴とする純水製造方法。In a pure water production method for obtaining pure water by passing water to be treated in the order of a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer, and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer, a strongly acidic cation exchange resin is placed in the tower. The first ion exchange column filled with a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling, and a strongly basic anion exchange resin and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin filled in two layers with a gap corresponding to the respective regenerated swelling. Using the second ion exchange tower, the water to be treated is passed through the strong acid cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer of the second ion exchange tower, and the strong acid cation exchange resin layer in this order. And a regeneration step of passing each regenerant in the direction opposite to the direction of water flow of the water to be treated without performing a backwash operation on both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower. Characterized by having Pure water production how. 第2イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂の充填層高を600mm以下とすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の純水製造方法。The method for producing pure water according to claim 1, wherein the height of the packed bed of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the second ion exchange tower is 600 mm or less. 第2イオン交換塔の再生工程は、先に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層を再生し、後に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層を再生することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の純水製造方法。3. The pure water according to claim 1, wherein in the regeneration step of the second ion exchange tower, the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer is regenerated first, and then the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer is regenerated later. Production method. 第2イオン交換塔は上層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を下降流で行い、再生を上昇流で行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか一つに記載の純水製造方法。2. The second ion exchange tower is characterized in that a strong basic anion exchange resin layer is formed in an upper layer and a strong acidic cation exchange resin layer is formed in a lower layer, and water flow is performed in a downward flow and regeneration is performed in an upward flow. The method for producing pure water according to any one of claims 3 to 4. 第2イオン交換塔は、上層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、下層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を上昇流で行い、再生を下降流で行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか一つに記載された純水製造方法。The second ion exchange tower is characterized in that a strong acidic cation exchange resin layer is formed in an upper layer and a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer is formed in a lower layer, and water flow is performed in an upward flow and regeneration is performed in a downward flow. The pure water manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-3. 被処理水を強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水して純水を得る純水製造方法において、塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの通水膨潤分及び再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して三層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向と逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有することを特徴とする純水製造方法。In a pure water production method for obtaining pure water by passing water to be treated in the order of a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer, a weakly basic anion exchange resin layer, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer, and a strong acid cation exchange resin layer, A first ion exchange column filled with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin leaving a gap corresponding to its regenerated swelling, and a weakly basic anion exchange resin, a strongly basic anion exchange resin, and a strong acid cation exchange resin in the column. Using a second ion exchange tower packed in three layers leaving a gap corresponding to each water swell and regenerated swell, the water to be treated is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, the second ion exchange The water passing step of passing the weakly basic anion exchange resin layer, the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer, and the strong acid cation exchange resin layer in the order of the tower, and the back washing operation for both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower To do , Pure water production method characterized by comprising a reproducing step of passing liquid each regenerant in the direction of the water flow direction opposite to the above treatment water. 第2イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂の充填層高を600mm以下とすることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の純水製造方法。The method for producing pure water according to claim 6, wherein the height of the packed bed of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the second ion exchange tower is 600 mm or less. 第2イオン交換塔の再生工程は、先に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層を再生し、後に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層及び弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂を再生することを特徴とする請求項6または請求項7に記載の純水製造方法。The regeneration step of the second ion exchange tower regenerates the strong acid cation exchange resin layer first and then regenerates the strong base anion exchange resin layer and the weak base anion exchange resin later. Item 8. A method for producing pure water according to Item 7. 第2イオン交換塔は、上層に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、中層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を下降流で行い、再生を上昇流で行うことを特徴とする請求項6〜請求項8のいずれか一つに記載の純水製造方法。The second ion exchange tower has a weak basic anion exchange resin layer in the upper layer, a strong basic anion exchange resin layer in the middle layer, and a strong acidic cation exchange resin layer in the lower layer. The method for producing pure water according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the method is performed in a flow. 第2イオン交換塔は、上層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、中層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を上昇流で行い、再生を下降流で行うことを特徴とする請求項6〜請求項8のいずれか一つに記載の純水製造方法。The second ion exchange tower has a strong acidic cation exchange resin layer in the upper layer, a strong basic anion exchange resin layer in the middle layer, and a weak basic anion exchange resin layer in the lower layer. The method for producing pure water according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the method is performed in a flow. 塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して二層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方 向とは逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有する純水製造方法に用いられる第2イオン交換塔であって、当該第2イオン交換塔は、上層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を下降流で行い、再生を上昇流で行うものであり、上記第2イオン交換塔内の上記強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層と上記強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層を、被処理水の通水を許すが、上記各イオン交換樹脂の流通を阻止する仕切板により仕切り、あるいは仕切板で仕切ることなく、更に上記仕切板の下方近傍または上記両イオン交換樹脂層の分離境界面の下方近傍に再生剤の出入管を設けたことを特徴とするイオン交換塔。 A first ion exchange column packed with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling amount, and a strong basic anion exchange resin and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column for each regenerated swollen amount And using a second ion exchange tower packed in two layers leaving a gap between them, the water to be treated is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer of the second ion exchange tower, a strong acid a water passing step of passing water in the order of sexual cation exchange resin layer, without performing the first ion exchange column and a second ion exchange column together backwash operation in the opposite direction to the water flow direction of the water to be treated A second ion exchange tower used in a pure water production method having a regeneration step of passing each regenerant , wherein the second ion exchange tower has a strong basic anion exchange resin layer in the upper layer and a strong acid in the lower layer. A cationic cation exchange resin layer is formed Performs water flow in downflow, which performs upflow regeneration, the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer and the strongly acidic cation-exchange resin layer of the second ion-exchange tower, passing of the water to be treated Although water is allowed, it is partitioned by the partition plate that prevents the flow of each ion exchange resin, or without partitioning by the partition plate, and further near the lower portion of the partition plate or near the lower boundary of the separation boundary surfaces of the two ion exchange resin layers. An ion exchange tower characterized by having an inlet / outlet pipe for a regenerant. 塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して二層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向とは逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有する純水製造方法に用いられる第2イオン交換塔であって、当該第2イオン交換塔は上層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を下降流で行い、再生を上昇流で行うものであり、上記第2イオン交換塔内の上記強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層と、上記強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層の間にイナート樹脂層が形成され、このイナート樹脂層の中央部に再生剤の出入管を設けたことを特徴とするイオン交換塔。 A first ion exchange column packed with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling amount, and a strong basic anion exchange resin and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column for each regenerated swollen amount And using a second ion exchange tower packed in two layers leaving a gap between them, the water to be treated is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer of the second ion exchange tower, a strong acid Without passing back-flushing both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower in the direction of passing water in the order of the functional cation exchange resin layer, A second ion exchange column used in a pure water production method having a regeneration step of passing a regenerant , wherein the second ion exchange column is a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer in the upper layer and a strongly acidic cation in the lower layer. An exchange resin layer is formed Perform water flow in downflow, which performs upflow regeneration, and the strongly acidic cation-exchange resin layer of the second ion-exchange tower, between the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer inert resin layer An ion exchange tower formed and provided with an inlet / outlet pipe of a regenerant at the center of the inert resin layer. 塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して二層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向とは逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有する純水製造方法に用いられる第2イオン交換塔であって、当該第2イオン交換塔は、上層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、下層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を上昇流で行い、再生を下降流で行うものであり、上記第2イオン交換塔内の上記強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層と上記強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層を、被処理水の流通は許すが、上記各イオン交換樹脂の流通を阻止する仕切板により仕切り、更に上記仕切板の上方近傍に再生剤の出入管を設けたことを特徴とするイオン交換塔。 A first ion exchange column packed with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling amount, and a strong basic anion exchange resin and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column for each regenerated swollen amount And using a second ion exchange tower packed in two layers leaving a gap between them, the water to be treated is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer of the second ion exchange tower, a strong acid Without passing back-flushing both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower in the direction of passing water in the order of the functional cation exchange resin layer, A second ion exchange column used in a pure water production method having a regeneration step of passing a regenerant , wherein the second ion exchange column has a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer as an upper layer and a strongly basic property as a lower layer. Anion exchange resin layer is formed Performs water passage upflow, which performs reproduction downflow, the strongly acidic cation-exchange resin layer and the strongly basic anion exchange resin layer of the second ion-exchange tower, the flow of the water to be treated An ion exchange tower characterized in that it is partitioned by a partition plate that prevents the flow of each ion exchange resin, and a regenerant inlet / outlet pipe is provided near the upper portion of the partition plate. 塔内に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をその再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して充填した第1イオン交換塔と、塔内に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂及び強酸性カチオン交換樹脂をそれぞれの通水膨潤分及び再生膨潤分だけの隙間を残して三層状に充填した第2イオン交換塔を用い、被処理水を第1イオン交換塔の強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、第2イオン交換塔の弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の順に通水する通水工程と、第1イオン交換塔及び第2イオン交換塔共に逆洗操作を行うことなく、上記被処理水の通水方向と逆の方向にそれぞれの再生剤を通液する再生工程とを有する純水製造方法に用いられる第2イオン交換塔であって、当該第2イオン交換塔は上層に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、中層に強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、下層に弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層が形成され、通水を上昇流で行い、再生を下降流で行うものであり、上記第2イオン交換塔内の上記強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層、上記強塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層、上記弱塩基性アニオン交換樹脂層それぞれの層間を、被処理水の流通は許すが、上記各イオン交換樹脂の流通を阻止する仕切板により仕切り、更に強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の下層部内に再生剤の出入管を設けたことを特徴とするイオン交換塔。 A first ion exchange column filled with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column leaving a gap corresponding to the regenerated swelling, and a weakly basic anion exchange resin, a strongly basic anion exchange resin, and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in the column Using a second ion exchange tower packed in three layers leaving a gap corresponding to each water swell and regenerated swell, and the water to be treated is a strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer of the first ion exchange tower, the second ion A water-passing step of passing a weakly basic anion exchange resin layer, a strongly basic anion exchange resin layer, and a strong acid cation exchange resin layer in this order in the exchange tower, and a backwash operation for both the first ion exchange tower and the second ion exchange tower the without, a pure water production method the second ion exchange column used for and a reproducing step of passing liquid each regenerant in the direction of the water flow direction opposite to the above-described treatment water, the second Ion exchange tower is strong in the upper layer A basic cation exchange resin layer, a strong basic anion exchange resin layer in the middle layer, and a weak basic anion exchange resin layer in the lower layer, water is conducted in an upward flow, and regeneration is conducted in a downward flow. said strongly acidic cation-exchange resin layer of the ion exchange tower, said strongly basic anion exchange resin layer, the weakly basic anion exchange resin layer, respectively layers, the flow of water to be treated allows it, the each ion exchange resin An ion exchange tower characterized in that it is partitioned by a partition plate that prevents distribution, and a regenerant inlet / outlet pipe is provided in the lower layer of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer. 強酸性カチオン交換樹脂層の下層部にイナート樹脂を充填し、このイナート樹脂層内に再生剤の出入管を設けたことを特徴とする請求項14に記載のイオン交換塔。The ion exchange tower according to claim 14, wherein an inert resin is filled in a lower layer portion of the strongly acidic cation exchange resin layer, and a regenerant inlet / outlet pipe is provided in the inert resin layer.
JP35696596A 1996-12-26 1996-12-26 Pure water production method and ion exchange tower Expired - Fee Related JP3632343B2 (en)

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