JP3002620B2 - Absorption chiller / heater - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption chiller / heater used for home or building air conditioning.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional absorption chiller / heater related to the present invention is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-110571. In this conventional example, in an absorption chiller / heater using an absorber separated into a part for supercooling a solution and a part for absorbing refrigerant vapor, a plurality of solution cooling units, a refrigerant absorption unit, and a plurality of evaporators corresponding thereto are installed. Then, the solution is sent to each of the refrigerant absorption sections in order to perform absorption in a plurality of stages.

[0003]

In the prior art described above, it is necessary to install an eliminator in the vapor passage from the evaporator to the absorber in order to prevent the spray from scattering in the refrigerant absorber. There is a problem that the device is complicated and the device becomes large, the vapor flow resistance increases, and the refrigerant evaporation performance and absorption performance decrease.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an absorption chiller / heater which has a simplified structure and can be downsized, and has high evaporation and absorption performance.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, the cooling section of the absorber is connected to the evaporator and the evaporator.
Provided outside the container consisting of the storage section,
Thus , the solution spray device is installed so as not to have a velocity component heading in the direction of the evaporator or a velocity component going backward to the flow of the refrigerant vapor. Further, a device for preventing solution scattering such as a flat plate or a wire net which is inclined with respect to the direction of movement of the sprayed solution is installed at a position facing the solution spray.

[0006]

In the present invention constructed as described above, the structure of the eliminator for preventing the spray from scattering can be simplified or the eliminator can be omitted, and the increase in the refrigerant vapor flow resistance due to the eliminator can be suppressed. As a result, the evaporation performance and absorption performance of the refrigerant can be kept high.
That is, there is an effect that the structure can be simplified and the size can be reduced, and the evaporation and absorption performance can be maintained high.

[0007]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the absorption chiller / heater comprises a high-temperature regenerator 1, a low-temperature regenerator 2, a condenser 3, evaporators 4a and 4b,
Refrigerant absorption sections 5a, 5b, solution cooling sections 6a, 6b, solution circulation pumps 7a, 7b, liquid jet pump 8, low temperature heat exchanger 9, high temperature heat exchanger 10, burner 11 for heating high temperature regenerator 1, high temperature A float box 12 for temporarily storing the solution overflowing from the regenerator 2, a float valve 13 for adjusting the amount of solution sent from the absorber 1 to the high temperature regenerator 2 according to the liquid level in the float box 12, and a low temperature regenerator 2 Spraying device 14 for spraying the solution from solution absorbing section 5b to high temperature regenerator 1
A vapor pipe 16 for guiding the refrigerant vapor generated in the above to the low-temperature regenerator 2 through the valve 15 is disposed in the low-temperature regenerator 2, and the solution and heat which condense the refrigerant vapor from the high-temperature regenerator 1 and flow down the outside of the tube A heat transfer tube 17 to be exchanged; a throttle 18 provided in the middle of a pipe for guiding the refrigerant vapor condensed in the heat transfer tube 17 to the condenser 3;
A refrigerant tank 19 for temporarily storing the refrigerant from the condenser 3; a refrigerant liquid pipe 21 for guiding the liquid refrigerant from the refrigerant tank 19 to the refrigerant dispersing devices 20a and 20b in the evaporators 4a and 4b;
e, heat transfer tubes 22a and 22b installed in the inside, a steam pipe 24 for guiding the refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator 1 to the evaporators 4a and 4b through a valve 23, and refrigerant absorption sections 5a and 5b.
Spray devices 25a and 25b for spraying the solution from the solution cooling units 6a and 6b provided therein, and the refrigerant absorption unit 5a,
During cooling operation, which consists of the solution tanks 26a, 26b below 5b, the system operates as follows.
During the cooling operation, the valve 15 is open and the valve 23 is closed. Cold water flows inside the evaporative heat transfer tubes 22a and 22b.

In the high-temperature regenerator 1, the solution sent from the refrigerant absorbing section is heated by the burner 11 and boils to generate refrigerant vapor. The generated refrigerant vapor is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 2 through the valve 15 and the steam pipe 16 and condensed in the heat transfer tube 17, and then sent to the condenser 3 through the throttle 18. The heat of condensation at this time heats the solution sprayed from the spraying device 14 and flowing outside the heat transfer tube 17 to generate refrigerant vapor again. The generated refrigerant vapor is sent to the condenser 4, cooled and condensed by the cooling air flowing outside the tubes of the condenser 4, merged with the refrigerant from the high-temperature regenerator, and stored in the refrigerant tank 19. Cooling air in the condenser is driven by an air cooling fan. The liquid refrigerant stored in the refrigerant tank 19 passes through the refrigerant liquid pipe 21 and is guided to the refrigerant dispersion devices 20a and 20b in the evaporators 4a and 4b, and the evaporative heat transfer pipes 22a and 20b respectively.
It is sprayed on 22b and evaporates by taking heat from cold water flowing in the tube. Cooling is performed using cold water flowing in this pipe. The refrigerant that has not been completely evaporated falls as a liquid and flows to the refrigerant absorbing section.

On the other hand, the concentrated solution that has been concentrated by generating refrigerant vapor in the high-temperature regenerator 1 passes through the float box 12, and then exchanges heat with the dilute solution from the refrigerant absorption section in the high-temperature heat exchanger 10 to increase the temperature. And the refrigerant is generated by the low-temperature regenerator 2 and merges with the concentrated solution returned. The combined concentrated solution exchanges heat with the dilute solution from the refrigerant absorption unit 5b in the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 to further lower the temperature, and then is sent to the solution cooling unit 6a by the liquid jet pump 8. The solution cooling section 6a is constituted by an air-cooled heat exchanger. Here, the solution from the ejector pump 8 is cooled by the cooling air to a temperature not higher than the saturation temperature of the solution in the refrigerant absorption section 5a, and then the refrigerant is absorbed from the spray device 25a. It is sprayed into the part 5a. The sprayed solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 4a, and its concentration decreases and the temperature rises due to the heat absorbed by the refrigerant vapor. A part of this solution is sent to the solution jet pump 8 by the solution pump 7a, and the concentrated solution from the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is sucked and sent to the solution cooling unit 6a again. The remainder of the solution sent from the solution pump 7a joins a part of the solution from the solution pump 7b and is sent to the solution cooling unit 6b. The solution cooling unit 6b is constituted by an air-cooled heat exchanger, and the solution cooling unit 6a
It is arranged more upstream than the flow of the cooling air. The solution from the solution pump 7a and the solution pump 7b is cooled by the cooling air to a temperature not higher than the saturation temperature of the solution in the coolant absorbing portion 5b, and then sprayed from the spray device 25b into the coolant absorbing portion 5b. The sprayed solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 4b, and its concentration decreases and the temperature rises due to the heat absorbed by the refrigerant vapor. A part of this solution is sent to the solution cooling unit 6b by the solution pump 7b, and the rest is sent to the low-temperature heat exchanger 9. Low temperature heat exchanger 9
The solution sent to the high temperature regenerator 1 and the low temperature regenerator 2 exchange heat with the solution from the high temperature regenerator 2 to raise the temperature. Then, a part of the solution is sent to the low temperature regenerator 2 and transmitted from the spraying device 14 to the low temperature regenerator 2. Sprayed on the heat tube 17. On the other hand, the rest of the solution from the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is sent to the high-temperature heat exchanger 10 and exchanges heat with the solution from the high-temperature regenerator 1 to increase the temperature. It is sent into the regenerator 1.
At this time, the opening of the float valve 13 is
It is adjusted by the liquid level inside.

On the other hand, during the heating operation, the system operates as follows. During the heating operation, the valve 15 is closed and the valve 23 is open. Further, the evaporative heat transfer tubes 22a, 22
Hot water is flowing in b. .

In the high-temperature regenerator 1, the solution sent from the refrigerant absorption section is heated by the burner 11 and boils to generate refrigerant vapor. The generated refrigerant vapor is depressurized by the valve 23 and is guided to the evaporators 4a and 4b through the vapor pipe 24. Evaporator 4
The refrigerant vapors a and 4b condense on the evaporative heat transfer tubes 22a and 22b and heat hot water flowing through the tubes. Heating is performed using this warm water.

On the other hand, the concentrated solution that has been concentrated by generating refrigerant vapor in the high-temperature regenerator 1 passes through the float box 12 and then exchanges heat with the dilute solution from the refrigerant absorption section in the high-temperature heat exchanger 10 to reach a temperature. And then mixed with the solution returned from the low-temperature regenerator, and exchanged heat with the dilute solution from the refrigerant absorbing section 5b in the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 to further lower the temperature.
To the solution cooling section 6a. Since the cooling fan is not operating in the heating operation, the solution is supplied to the solution cooling unit 6a.
And sprayed from the spray device 25a in the refrigerant absorbing section 5a. The sprayed solution is mixed with the liquid refrigerant condensed in the evaporator 4a, and a part of the solution is sent to the liquid jet pump 8 by the solution pump 7a, and the concentrated solution from the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is sucked and re-extracted. The solution is sent to the solution cooling unit 6a.
The remainder of the solution sent from the solution pump 7a joins a part of the solution from the solution pump 7b and is sent to the solution cooling unit 6b. Again, the cooling fan is not working,
The solution passes through the solution cooling unit 6b and is sprayed from the spray device 25b in the refrigerant absorption unit 5b. The sprayed solution is mixed with the liquid refrigerant condensed in the evaporator 4b, and partly sent to the solution cooling unit 6b by the solution pump 7b,
The remainder is sent to the low-temperature heat exchanger 9. The solution sent to the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 heat-exchanges with the solution from the high-temperature regenerator 1 and the low-temperature regenerator 2 to raise the temperature, and then a part is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 2 and regenerated at a low temperature from the spraying device 14. Heat transfer tube 17 in vessel 2
Sprayed on. Since the refrigerant vapor does not flow in the heat transfer tube 17 in the low-temperature regenerator 2 and the air cooling fan of the condenser is stopped, the solution does not change only by passing through the low-temperature regenerator. Return solution from On the other hand, the rest of the solution from the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is sent to the high-temperature heat exchanger 10 and exchanges heat with the solution from the high-temperature regenerator 1 to increase the temperature. It is sent into the regenerator 1. At this time, the opening of the float valve 13 is adjusted by the liquid level in the float box 12.

FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the evaporator 4a and the refrigerant absorbing section 5a. FIG. 3 shows the evaporator 4a and the refrigerant absorbing section 5
FIG. The evaporator 4b and the refrigerant absorbing part 5b have the same structure. In the evaporator 4a, a refrigerant spraying device 20a is provided.
And an evaporative heat transfer tube 22a. The evaporative heat transfer tubes 22a are composed of horizontal heat transfer tube groups, through which cold or hot water flows. Refrigerant spraying device 2 during cooling operation
The refrigerant sprayed from 0a evaporates on the evaporative heat transfer tube 22a to cool the cold water flowing in the tube, and the evaporated refrigerant flows between the tube groups to the refrigerant absorbing portion. In addition, a small amount of the refrigerant that has not completely evaporated on the tube bank flows down and flows into the refrigerant absorption section as a liquid. A solution spraying device 25a is installed in the refrigerant absorbing portion 5a, and the spraying direction is almost horizontal and the spraying is performed toward the wall surface opposite to the evaporator 4a. The sprayed solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor to reduce the solution concentration, and the temperature rises due to the heat absorbed by the refrigerant. This solution hits the wall and flows down to the solution tank 2
It is stored in 6a, mixed with the liquid refrigerant from the evaporator 4a, and then sent to the solution pump 7a.

As described above, in this embodiment,
In the refrigerant absorption section, a velocity component heading in the direction of the evaporator,
Alternatively, the solution spray device is installed in a direction that does not have a velocity component reverse to the flow of the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator, so that an eliminator for preventing spray scattering can be omitted, and the eliminator can be omitted. Thus, there is an effect that the evaporation performance and the absorption performance of the refrigerant can be maintained at a high level by suppressing an increase in the refrigerant vapor flow resistance.

In this embodiment, the condenser 3 and the solution cooling units 6a and 6b are illustrated as being separately installed, but they may be installed in combination. Further, the cooling air may be flown in parallel to these, or may be flowed in series. When flowing in series, there are a method of flowing first to the solution cooling unit, a method of flowing to the condenser, and a method of installing a condenser between the two solution cooling units.

In this embodiment, the cold water flows from the evaporators 4a to 4b, but may flow from 4b to 4a. In this case, the cold water is finally cooled by the evaporator 4a, and the concentration of the solution sprayed on the corresponding refrigerant absorbing portion 5a is higher than the concentration of the solution sprayed on the refrigerant absorbing portion 5b. It has the advantage that it can be cooled to lower temperatures.

In this embodiment, the amount of the liquid refrigerant supplied to the evaporator during the cooling operation is not controlled, but a variable throttle is provided in the refrigerant spraying device or the refrigerant liquid pipe in front of the device, and the throttle is opened by the cooling load. The degree may be controlled.
In this case, it is possible to reduce the ineffective refrigerant that is not completely evaporated in the evaporator and is mixed with the solution as a liquid,
Efficiency can be improved.

In this embodiment, the solution circulates through the low-temperature regenerator 2 even during the heating operation. However, an on-off valve is provided in the piping for returning and returning the solution to the low-temperature regenerator, and the heating operation is performed. At this time, the solution may not be supplied to the low-temperature regenerator. In this case, there is an advantage that heat loss from the condenser can be prevented. Another advantage is that the on-off valve is closed, for example, when the pump stops abnormally, so that backflow of the solution from the high-temperature regenerator to the low-temperature regenerator can be prevented.

In the present embodiment, the solution passes through the solution spraying device in the solution cooling section and the refrigerant absorption section even during the heating operation, but a bypass pipe from before the solution cooling section to the refrigerant absorption section is provided. It is also possible to provide an opening / closing valve in the middle, and open the opening / closing valve during heating to flow the solution to the bypass pipe. In this case, there is an advantage that heat loss due to natural convection cooling in the solution cooling unit can be reduced.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The configuration of the entire cycle is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of the evaporator 4a and the refrigerant absorbing section 5a. FIG. 5 shows a horizontal sectional view of the evaporator 4a and the refrigerant absorbing section 5a. In the evaporator 4a, a refrigerant spraying device 20 is provided.
a and the evaporative heat transfer tube 22a. The evaporative heat transfer tubes 22a are composed of horizontal heat transfer tube groups, through which cold or hot water flows. During the cooling operation, the refrigerant sprayed from the refrigerant spraying device 20a evaporates on the evaporative heat transfer tubes 22a to cool the cold water flowing in the tubes, and the evaporated refrigerant flows to the refrigerant absorbing portion through the space between the tube groups. In addition, the refrigerant that has not completely evaporated on the tube bank flows down and flows into the refrigerant absorption section as a liquid. A solution spray device 25 is provided in the refrigerant absorption section 5a.
a is installed, and the spray is sprayed toward the wall surface opposite to the evaporator 4a in a substantially horizontal direction. The sprayed solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor to reduce the solution concentration, and the temperature rises due to the heat absorbed by the refrigerant. This solution hits the wire net 27a and flows down. At this time, since the solution is captured by the wire mesh, the scattering of the droplets is reduced, and the mixture of the solution into the liquid refrigerant of the evaporator can be prevented. The solution flowing down is supplied to the evaporator 4 in the solution tank 26a.
After being mixed with the liquid refrigerant from a, it is sent to the solution pump 7a.

As described above, in this embodiment,
In the refrigerant absorption section, a velocity component heading in the direction of the evaporator,
Alternatively, the solution spray device was installed in a direction that does not have a velocity component reverse to the flow of the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator, a wire mesh was installed at a position facing the solution spray device, and the solution was caught by this wire mesh. Therefore, the eliminator for preventing the spray from scattering can be omitted,
In addition, there is an effect that the increase in the refrigerant vapor flow resistance due to the eliminator can be suppressed, and the refrigerant evaporation performance and absorption performance can be maintained high.

Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The configuration of the entire cycle is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows a detailed view of the evaporator 4a and the refrigerant absorbing section 5a. FIG. 7 shows a horizontal sectional view of the evaporator 4a and the refrigerant absorbing section 5a. In the evaporator 4a, a refrigerant spraying device 20 is provided.
a and the evaporative heat transfer tube 22a. The evaporative heat transfer tubes 22a are composed of horizontal heat transfer tube groups, through which cold or hot water flows. During the cooling operation, the refrigerant sprayed from the refrigerant spraying device 20a evaporates on the evaporative heat transfer tubes 22a to cool the cold water flowing in the tubes, and the evaporated refrigerant flows to the refrigerant absorbing portion through the space between the tube groups. In addition, the refrigerant that has not completely evaporated on the tube bank flows down and flows into the refrigerant absorption section as a liquid. The refrigerant absorbing section 5a is a rectangular parallelepiped container, and the solution spraying device 25a has therein the evaporator 4a and the refrigerant absorbing section 5a.
At one boundary and near one side wall, and the spray is sprayed in a substantially horizontal direction toward a diagonal corner of the spray device. The sprayed solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor to reduce the solution concentration, and hits the wall of the refrigerant absorbing portion 5a obliquely and flows down. At this time, since the solution obliquely hits the wall surface, the scattering of the droplets is reduced, and the mixture of the solution into the liquid refrigerant of the evaporator can be prevented. The solution flowing down is mixed with the liquid refrigerant from the evaporator 4a in the solution tank 26a and then sent to the solution pump 7a.

As described above, in this embodiment,
The refrigerant absorption part is a rectangular parallelepiped container, and the solution spray device is installed near one side wall at the boundary between the evaporator and the refrigerant absorption part in the container, the spray direction is almost horizontal and the diagonal of the spray device is Because it is sprayed toward the corner,
The sprayed solution hits the wall obliquely, and the scattering of the droplets is reduced, the eliminator for preventing the spray from scattering can be omitted, and the increase in the refrigerant vapor flow resistance due to the eliminator is suppressed. There is an effect that the evaporation performance and the absorption performance of the refrigerant can be kept high.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The configuration of the entire cycle is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows a detailed view of the evaporator 4a and the refrigerant absorbing section 5a. FIG. 9 shows a horizontal sectional view of the evaporator 4a and the refrigerant absorbing section 5a. In the evaporator 4a, a refrigerant spraying device 20 is provided.
a and the evaporative heat transfer tube 22a. The evaporative heat transfer tubes 22a are composed of horizontal heat transfer tube groups, through which cold or hot water flows. During the cooling operation, the refrigerant sprayed from the refrigerant spraying device 20a evaporates on the evaporative heat transfer tubes 22a to cool the cold water flowing in the tubes, and the evaporated refrigerant flows to the refrigerant absorbing portion through the space between the tube groups. In addition, the refrigerant that has not completely evaporated on the tube bank flows down and flows into the refrigerant absorption section as a liquid. The refrigerant absorbing portion 5a is a triangular prism container, and has a solution spray device 25a installed therein. The spray direction is substantially horizontal and sprayed in a direction opposite to the evaporator 4a. The sprayed solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor to reduce the solution concentration, and hits the wall of the refrigerant absorbing portion 5a obliquely and flows down. At this time, since the solution obliquely hits the wall surface, the scattering of the droplets is reduced, and the mixture of the solution into the liquid refrigerant of the evaporator can be prevented. The solution flowing down is mixed with the liquid refrigerant from the evaporator 4a in the solution tank 26a and then sent to the solution pump 7a.

As described above, in this embodiment,
The refrigerant absorption part is a container with a triangular prism, and a solution spray device is installed in the container, the spray direction is almost horizontal and the spray is sprayed in the opposite direction to the evaporator, so the sprayed solution is on the wall The droplets are scattered obliquely and the scatter of the droplets is reduced, so that the eliminator for preventing the scatter of the spray can be omitted. In addition, the increase in the refrigerant vapor flow resistance due to the eliminator is suppressed, and the evaporation and absorption performance of the refrigerant. There is an effect that can be maintained high.

In this embodiment, the shape of the refrigerant absorbing portion is a triangular prism. However, even if the refrigerant absorbing portion has a semi-cylindrical shape, the sprayed solution hits the wall obliquely, so that the scattering of the droplets can be suppressed. The same effect as that of the embodiment can be obtained.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 10, the absorption chiller / heater comprises a high-temperature regenerator 1, a low-temperature regenerator 2, a condenser 3, an evaporator 4, a refrigerant absorbing section 5a, 5b communicating with the evaporator 4, and a solution cooling section 6a. ,
6b, solution circulation pumps 7a, 7b, liquid jet pump 8, low temperature heat exchanger 9, high temperature heat exchanger 10, high temperature regenerator 1
, A float box 12 for temporarily storing the solution overflowing from the high-temperature regenerator 2, and a float for adjusting the amount of the solution sent from the absorber 1 to the high-temperature regenerator 2 according to the liquid level in the float box 12. Valve 13, low temperature regenerator 2
Device 1 for spraying the solution from solution absorbing section 5b into the inside
4. A steam pipe 16 for guiding the refrigerant vapor generated by the high-temperature regenerator 1 to the low-temperature regenerator 2 through the valve 15 is disposed in the low-temperature regenerator 2, and the refrigerant vapor from the high-temperature regenerator 1 is condensed to outside the pipe. Transfer pipe 17 for exchanging heat with the solution flowing down, a throttle 18 provided in the middle of a pipe for guiding the refrigerant vapor condensed in the heat transfer pipe 17 to the condenser 3, and a liquid refrigerant from the condenser via a throttle 28. A refrigerant liquid pipe 29 leading to the evaporator 4, a refrigerant tank 19 at the lower part of the evaporator 4 for storing the liquid refrigerant, a liquid refrigerant from the refrigerant tank 19 through the refrigerant liquid pipe 21 to the refrigerant dispersion device 20 in the evaporator 4. Pump 30, a heat transfer tube 22 installed in the evaporator 4, a vapor pipe 24 for guiding the refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator 1 to the evaporator 4 through a valve 23, and inside the refrigerant absorption sections 5a and 5b. Sprays the solution from the solution cooling units 6a and 6b Spray device 25a, there 25b, the refrigerant absorbing portion 5a, the bottom of 5b solution tank 26a, 26
b, The system operates as follows during the cooling operation, which is configured by a refrigerant liquid pipe 32 that branches from the refrigerant liquid pipe 21 and guides the liquid refrigerant to the refrigerant absorption section 5b via the valve 31. During the cooling operation, the valve 15 is open, and the valves 23 and 31 are closed. Cold water flows inside the evaporative heat transfer tube 22.

In the high-temperature regenerator 1, the solution sent from the refrigerant absorbing section is heated by the burner 11 and boils to generate refrigerant vapor. The generated refrigerant vapor is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 2 through the valve 15 and the steam pipe 16 and condensed in the heat transfer tube 17, and then sent to the condenser 3 through the throttle 18. The heat of condensation at this time heats the solution sprayed from the spraying device 14 and flowing outside the heat transfer tube 17 to generate refrigerant vapor again. The generated refrigerant vapor is sent to the condenser 4, cooled and condensed by the cooling air flowing outside the condenser 4, merges with the refrigerant from the high-temperature regenerator, and evaporates through the throttle 28 and the refrigerant liquid pipe 29. Sent to the vessel 4. Cooling air in the condenser is driven by an air cooling fan. The liquid refrigerant sent to the evaporator 4 is stored in the refrigerant tank 19 and passed through the refrigerant liquid pipe 21 by the refrigerant pump 30 to disperse the refrigerant in the evaporator 4.
The water is guided to 0, is sprayed on the evaporative heat transfer tube 22, and takes heat from the cold water flowing in the tube to evaporate. Cooling is performed using cold water flowing in this pipe. The refrigerant that has not completely evaporated falls as a liquid and returns to the refrigerant tank 19.

On the other hand, the concentrated solution that has been concentrated by generating refrigerant vapor in the high-temperature regenerator 1 passes through the float box 12 and then exchanges heat with the dilute solution from the refrigerant absorption section in the high-temperature heat exchanger 10 to reach a temperature. And the refrigerant is generated by the low-temperature regenerator 2 and merges with the concentrated solution returned. The combined concentrated solution exchanges heat with the dilute solution from the refrigerant absorption unit 5b in the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 to further lower the temperature, and then is sent to the solution cooling unit 6a by the liquid jet pump 8. The solution cooling section 6a is constituted by an air-cooled heat exchanger. Here, the solution from the ejector pump 8 is cooled by the cooling air to a temperature not higher than the saturation temperature of the solution in the refrigerant absorption section 5a, and then the refrigerant is absorbed from the spray device 25a. It is sprayed into the part 5a. The sprayed solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 4, and its concentration decreases and the temperature rises due to the heat absorbed by the refrigerant vapor. This solution is partially pumped by a liquid jet pump 8a by a solution pump 7a.
The concentrated solution from the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is sucked and sent to the solution cooling unit 6a again. The remainder of the solution sent from the solution pump 7a joins a part of the solution from the solution pump 7b and is sent to the solution cooling unit 6b. Solution cooling unit 6
b is an air-cooled heat exchanger, and is arranged on the upstream side of the flow of the cooling air from the solution cooling unit 6a. The solution from the solution pump 7a and the solution pump 7b is cooled by the cooling air to a temperature not higher than the saturation temperature of the solution in the coolant absorbing portion 5b, and then sprayed from the spray device 25b into the coolant absorbing portion 5b. The sprayed solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 4, and its concentration decreases and the temperature rises due to the heat absorbed by the refrigerant vapor. A part of this solution is sent to the solution cooling unit 6b by the solution pump 7b, and the rest is sent to the low-temperature heat exchanger 9. The solution sent to the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 heat-exchanges with the solution from the high-temperature regenerator 1 and the low-temperature regenerator 2 to raise the temperature, and then a part is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 2 and regenerated at a low temperature from the spraying device 14. Sprayed on the heat transfer tube 17 in the vessel 2. On the other hand, the rest of the solution from the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is sent to the high-temperature heat exchanger 10 and exchanges heat with the solution from the high-temperature regenerator 1 to increase the temperature. It is sent into the regenerator 1. At this time, the opening of the float valve 13 is adjusted by the liquid level in the float box 12.

On the other hand, during the heating operation, the system operates as follows. During the heating operation, the valve 15 is closed, and the valves 23 and 31 are open. In addition, the evaporative heat transfer tube 22
Hot water is flowing inside.

In the high-temperature regenerator 1, the solution sent from the refrigerant absorbing section is heated by the burner 11 and boils to generate refrigerant vapor. The generated refrigerant vapor is decompressed by the valve 23 and is led to the evaporator 4 through the vapor pipe 24. In the evaporator 4, the refrigerant vapor condenses on the evaporative heat transfer tube 22 and heats the hot water flowing through the tube. Heating is performed using this warm water. The condensed liquid refrigerant is stored in the refrigerant tank 19 and sent to the refrigerant absorbing section 5b by the refrigerant pump 30 through the refrigerant liquid pipe 21, the valve 31, and the refrigerant liquid pipe 32.

On the other hand, the concentrated solution that has been concentrated by generating refrigerant vapor in the high-temperature regenerator 1 passes through the float box 12 and then exchanges heat with the dilute solution from the refrigerant absorption section in the high-temperature heat exchanger 10 to increase the temperature. And then mixed with the solution returned from the low-temperature regenerator, and exchanged heat with the dilute solution from the refrigerant absorbing section 5b in the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 to further lower the temperature.
To the solution cooling section 6a. Since the cooling fan is not operating in the heating operation, the solution is supplied to the solution cooling unit 6a.
And sprayed from the spray device 25a in the refrigerant absorbing section 5a. The sprayed solution is supplied to the solution pump 7
A part is sent to the liquid jet pump 8 by a to suck the concentrated solution from the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 and sent to the solution cooling unit 6a again. The remainder of the solution sent from the solution pump 7a joins a part of the solution from the solution pump 7b and is sent to the solution cooling unit 6b. Since the cooling fan is not operating here, the solution passes through the solution cooling unit 6b and is sprayed from the spray device 25b in the refrigerant absorbing unit 5b. The sprayed solution is diluted by being mixed with the liquid refrigerant condensed in the evaporator 4, and a part is sent to the solution cooling unit 6 b and the rest is sent to the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 by the solution pump 7 b. The solution sent to the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 heat-exchanges with the solution from the high-temperature regenerator 1 and the low-temperature regenerator 2 to raise the temperature, and then a part is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 2 and regenerated at a low temperature from the spraying device 14. Sprayed on the heat transfer tube 17 in the vessel 2. Since the refrigerant vapor does not flow in the heat transfer tube 17 in the low-temperature regenerator 2 and the air cooling fan of the condenser is stopped, the solution does not change only by passing through the low-temperature regenerator. Return solution from On the other hand, the rest of the solution from the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is sent to the high-temperature heat exchanger 10 and exchanges heat with the solution from the high-temperature regenerator 1 to increase the temperature.
3 and is sent into the high-temperature regenerator 1. At this time, the opening of the float valve 13 is adjusted by the liquid level in the float box 12. As the structure of the refrigerant absorbing portions 5a and 5b, those shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 can be used.

As described above, in this embodiment,
In the refrigerant absorption section, a velocity component heading in the direction of the evaporator,
Alternatively, the solution spray device is installed in a direction that does not have a velocity component reverse to the flow of the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator, so that an eliminator for preventing spray scattering can be omitted, and the eliminator can be omitted. Thus, there is an effect that the evaporation performance and the absorption performance of the refrigerant can be maintained at a high level by suppressing an increase in the refrigerant vapor flow resistance.

Further, in this embodiment, since two refrigerant absorbing portions are arranged on both sides of the evaporator, there is an effect that the heat radiation surface of the evaporator is reduced and the surface area required for heat prevention can be reduced.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the drawing, the present embodiment has the same basic configuration as the embodiment of FIG. 1, but includes a detecting means 33 provided on the outlet side of the evaporative heat transfer tube 22 b for detecting a cold water temperature and a refrigerant tank 19. A variable throttle 34 is provided in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 21 extending to the refrigerant spraying devices 20a and 20b, and a control device 35 for sending a control signal to the variable throttle 34 based on a signal from the cold water temperature detecting means 33. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG.

The present embodiment has the following effects in addition to the effects of the embodiment of FIG. That is, since the control device 35 generates a control signal in accordance with the signal of the chilled water temperature detecting means 33 and controls the throttle opening of the variable throttle 34, the amount of refrigerant sprayed can be controlled in accordance with the load, and the evaporation cannot be completed. This has the effect of reducing the amount of liquid refrigerant that is unnecessarily mixed with the absorption solution in the refrigerant absorption section, thereby improving efficiency.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the drawing, this embodiment has the same basic configuration as the embodiment of FIG. 1, but the solution cooling units 6a and 6b
The solution flows while turning in a horizontal heat transfer tube, and a vertical air cooling fin is installed outside the tube. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG.

The present embodiment has the following effects in addition to the effects of the embodiment of FIG. That is, since the air-cooling fins are vertical, it is difficult for dust and dirt to accumulate on the fins, and it is easy to wash away even if dust is attached, so that there is an effect that a decrease in cooling performance can be prevented. Further, since the solution flow path is turned in the horizontal direction, the non-condensable gas hardly accumulates, and there is an effect that the heat transfer performance on the solution side due to the non-condensable gas can be prevented.

In this embodiment, the solution cooling units 6a and 6b are constituted by a combination of a horizontal tube and a vertical air-cooled fin. However, the condenser may be constituted by a combination of condensation and a vertical air-cooled fin in a horizontal tube. . This has the effect that the header portions can be arranged on the left and right as a whole and the arrangement of the entire air-cooled heat exchanger becomes easy.

In the above embodiments, the solution cooling section and the condenser have been described as an air-cooled type apparatus. However, it is apparent that a water-cooled type apparatus can achieve the same effect.

[0046]

As described above, in the present invention,
The structure of the eliminator for preventing spray scattering can be simplified or the eliminator can be omitted.
By suppressing the increase in refrigerant vapor flow resistance due to the eliminator,
Evaporation performance and absorption performance of the refrigerant can be kept high. That is, there is an effect that the structure can be simplified, the size can be reduced, and the evaporation and absorption performance can be maintained high.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of an evaporator and a refrigerant absorbing section of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the evaporator and the refrigerant absorbing section of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a detailed view of an evaporator and a refrigerant absorbing section according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the evaporator and the refrigerant absorbing section of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a detailed view of an evaporator and a refrigerant absorbing section according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a horizontal sectional view of the evaporator and the refrigerant absorbing section of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a detailed view of an evaporator and a refrigerant absorbing section according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a horizontal sectional view of the evaporator and the refrigerant absorbing section of the embodiment of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a system diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a system diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a system diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 high temperature regenerator, 2 low temperature regenerator, 3 condenser, 4a,
4b ... evaporator, 5a, 5b ... refrigerant absorption part, 6a, 6b ...
Solution cooling units, 7a, 7b: solution circulation pump, 8: liquid jet pump, 9: low temperature heat exchanger, 10: high temperature heat exchanger,
11 burner, 12 float box, 13 float valve, 14 sprayer, 15 valve, 16 steam pipe, 1
7 ... heat transfer tube, 18 ... throttle, 19 ... refrigerant tank, 20a,
20b: refrigerant dispersing device, 21: refrigerant liquid pipe, 22a, 22
b: evaporative heat transfer tube, 23: valve, 24: steam pipe, 25a,
25b: spray device, 26a, 26b: solution tank,
27a, 27b ... wire mesh, 28 ... throttle, 29 ... refrigerant liquid pipe,
30 ... refrigerant pump, 31 ... valve, 32 ... refrigerant liquid pipe, 33 ...
Chilled water temperature detecting means, 34: variable throttle, 35: control device

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tatsuro Fujii 502 Kandachicho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Pref. Machinery Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd. (56) References JP-A-59-29959 (JP, A) JP-A-4- 110571 (JP, A) JP-A-54-124359 (JP, A) JP-A-2-106666 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 15/00 303 F25B 37/00

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. An absorption chiller-heater comprising an absorption refrigeration cycle in which a high-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump and the like are operatively connected to a pipe. A cooling unit for supercooling the solution and an absorbing unit for absorbing the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator into the solution are separately provided, and an absorber operatively connected by a pipe having a means for transporting the solution is used. in had absorption chiller, as well as installing a device for spraying a solution to the absorber, the solution sprayed was placed in the direction of opposite direction of the velocity component to the direction of the evaporator, a position opposed to the spray device An absorption chiller / heater equipped with a solution scattering prevention device. 2. An absorption chiller / heater in which an absorption refrigeration cycle is constituted by operatively connecting a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump and the like. A cooling unit for supercooling the solution and an absorbing unit for absorbing the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator into the solution are separately provided, and an absorber operatively connected by a pipe having a means for transporting the solution is used. the solution in the stomach absorption chiller, as well as installing a device for spraying a solution to the absorber, the solution sprayed is placed so as to have a same direction of the velocity component and the steam flow, facing the spray device location An absorption chiller / heater equipped with a scattering prevention device. 3. The absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1, wherein the solution scattering prevention device comprises a wire mesh. 4. The absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the device for preventing the solution from scattering is provided with a direction in which the solution is sprayed.
An absorption chiller / heater characterized by comprising a flat plate installed at an angle exceeding a degree. 5. The absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1 , wherein the direction of the solution spray is substantially horizontal. 6. An absorption chiller / heater in which an absorption refrigeration cycle is constituted by operatively connecting a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump and the like. A cooling unit for supercooling the solution and an absorbing unit for absorbing the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator into the solution are separately provided, and an absorber operatively connected by a pipe having a means for transporting the solution is used. In the absorption chiller / heater that was used , the absorption part consisted of a rectangular parallelepiped container, and a device for spraying the solution was installed in the container. This solution spray device had a single ridge including a surface into which the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator flowed. An absorption chiller / heater characterized by being installed in the vicinity and spraying the solution diagonally from there. 7. An absorption chiller / heater in which an absorption refrigeration cycle is constructed by operatively connecting a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and the like. A cooling unit for supercooling the solution and an absorbing unit for absorbing the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator into the solution are separately provided, and an absorber operatively connected by a pipe having a means for transporting the solution is used. In the absorption chiller / heater that was used , the absorption section was composed of a triangular prism container, and the refrigerant vapor flowed in from one side of the triangular prism, and the spray direction became almost horizontal on the surface where the refrigerant vapor flows in the solution spray device. An absorption chiller / heater characterized in that the sprayed solution is installed so as to obliquely hit the other side of the triangular prism. 8. An absorption chiller / heater in which an absorption refrigeration cycle is constituted by operatively connecting a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump and the like. A cooling unit for supercooling the solution and an absorbing unit for absorbing the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator into the solution are separately provided, and an absorber operatively connected by a pipe having a means for transporting the solution is used. In the absorption chiller / heater that was used , the absorption section was composed of a semi-cylindrical vessel, and the refrigerant vapor flowed in from the flat surface of the semi-cylindrical, and the solution spray device was sprayed on this flat surface with the spray direction almost horizontal. An absorption chiller / heater characterized in that the solution is installed so as to obliquely hit the curved surface of a semi-cylindrical column. 9. The absorption chiller / heater according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein one or a plurality of absorbers comprising a combination of an absorption part and a cooling part and corresponding evaporators are installed, and An absorption chiller / heater, wherein a solution for absorbing steam passes through an absorber composed of a combination of each cooling section and an absorption section in order to complete absorption in a plurality of stages. 10. A absorption chiller according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the evaporator is composed of a refrigerant spray device horizontally heat transfer tube group, the refrigerant sprayed amount from the refrigerant spraying device in accordance with the cooling load An absorption chiller / heater comprising a control device for controlling the temperature. 11. The absorption chiller according to any one of claims 1 to 10, condenser and absorber of the cooling part the absorption chiller being characterized in that the air-cooled heat exchanger. 12. The absorption chiller according to any one of claims 1 to 10, condenser and absorber of the cooling part the absorption chiller being characterized in that the water-cooled heat exchanger.