JPH0721364B2 - Air-cooled absorption type water heater - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an air-cooled absorption type hot and cold water machine used as a cold heat source device for building air conditioning.

[Conventional technology]

The conventional absorption chiller-heater, as described in JP-A-59-125365, guides the concentrated absorption solution from the regenerator to the upper part of the vertical tube that constitutes the absorber, and While flowing down, the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator is supplied from the lower part of the vertical pipe to be absorbed by the absorbing solution flowing down in the vertical pipe to generate a dilute absorbing solution containing more refrigerant.

The heat of absorption generated in the process of forming the dilute absorption solution is carried away by the cooling air passing outside the vertical tube through the tube wall and fins.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-50748 discloses that the absorption process is repeated a plurality of times to increase the flow-down distance of the absorption solution.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, the prior art disclosed in the former does not take into consideration the multi-step absorption process. Therefore, in the air-cooling method using the atmosphere for cooling, the absorption solution cannot be sufficiently cooled while flowing down the vertical tube, and the concentration and temperature of the absorption solution are below the level required for forming the absorption refrigeration cycle. It's difficult to do.

Further, in the conventional technology disclosed in the latter, since the flow rate of the absorbing solution to be circulated with respect to the cooling air amount in each absorption process is not considered, and the flow of the absorbing solution in the absorber is serial. , The circulation flow rate of the absorption solution in each absorption process is almost equal to the amount flowing into the absorber (increased by the amount of the absorbed refrigerant vapor), and the concentration level and the concentration level required to form the absorption refrigeration cycle with such circulation amount and In order to produce an absorption solution at a temperature level, the number of stages of the absorption process (substantial downflow distance) needs to be extremely increased, and the multistage absorption disclosed in the latter can be applied to an air-cooled absorber for practical use. Providing things is difficult.

An object of the present invention is to provide an air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater having an air-cooled absorber that can be put to practical use with a small number of stages.

[Means for solving problems]

The above-mentioned object is to perform air cooling with an absorber that causes an absorbing liquid to flow down into a vertically or inclinedly arranged pipe and to supply a refrigerant vapor from an evaporator from above the pipe to absorb the absorbing liquid flowing down inside the pipe. In an absorption chiller-heater, a means for guiding cooling air to the absorber, a means for guiding the absorbent that has exited the absorber to the next-stage absorber, and a liquid reservoir below the absorber are in communication. And means for doing so.

Further, the above-mentioned object is provided with an absorber for causing the absorbing liquid to flow down into the pipes arranged vertically or inclined and supplying the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator from above the pipe to absorb the absorbing liquid flowing down in the pipe. In the air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater, means for guiding the cooling air to the absorber, means for guiding the absorbing liquid that has exited the absorber to the next-stage absorber, and a liquid reservoir below the absorber. It is achieved by providing a means for communicating with each other and a control means for controlling the liquid surface level of the liquid reservoir.

Further, the above object is provided with an absorber which causes the absorbing liquid to flow down into the pipes arranged vertically or inclined and which supplies the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator from above the pipe to absorb the absorbing liquid flowing down inside the pipe. In the air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater, between the means for guiding the cooling air to the absorber, the means for guiding the absorbing liquid discharged from the absorber to the absorber at the next stage, and the absorbers at the second and subsequent stages of the absorber. And a means for refluxing the absorbing liquid at.

Further, the above-mentioned object is to make an absorbent flow down into a pipe arranged vertically or inclined, and to supply a refrigerant vapor from an evaporator from above the pipe to absorb the absorbing liquid flowing down inside the pipe, and an absorber. In an air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater equipped with a spraying device for spraying the absorbing liquid to the absorber, means for guiding cooling air to the absorber, and means for guiding the absorbing liquid discharged from the absorber to the next-stage absorber And a plurality of sets of absorbing means configured by dividing the liquid reservoir below the pipe in the flow direction of the cooling air.

[Action]

With the above-mentioned configuration, the solution in the solution reservoir during the absorption process is sprayed onto the vertical pipe located above it by the spraying device, whereby the solution circulation amount during the absorption process flows from the generator to the absorber. The flow rate of the absorption solution in the absorption process can be set to a flow rate according to the cooling capacity of the cooling air, because it is higher than the flow rate of the absorption solution. The absorption refrigeration cycle is formed by the absorption process with a small number of stages, because it produces an absorption solution at a level close to a certain concentration, guides it sequentially to the absorption stage located on the upstream side, and further performs the absorption action in multiple stages. It is possible to obtain a dilute absorption solution at the required level.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In FIG. 1, 1 is a high temperature regenerator, 2 is a low temperature regenerator, 3 is an air-cooled condenser, 4 is an evaporator, 5 is an absorber, 6 is a high temperature heat exchanger, 7 is a low temperature heat exchanger, and 8 is a solution. Circulation pump,
9 is a refrigerant spray pump. A description of conventional equipment other than the absorber 5 and the condenser 3 in the above equipment is omitted.

The absorber 5 is composed of a plurality of rows of air-cooling heat exchangers in which fins 11 are arranged orthogonally outside the vertical tube 10, and a part of the row on the cooling air inlet side is provided with headers 12 and 14 above and below, It constitutes the condenser 3. The upper header 12 of the condenser 3 is the low temperature regenerator 2.
To the gas phase of the lower part of the lower head 14
Is connected to the evaporator 4 by a liquid refrigerant conduit 15, and the lower header 14 is connected to an extraction pipe 17 of an extraction device 16.

The absorber 5 has four rows of vertical tubes (a part of three rows) 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d.
Each row constitutes one absorption process, and thereby constitutes the first to fourth absorption processes. The upper header 18 of the absorber 5 is connected to the vapor phase portion of the evaporator 4 and the vapor passage 19
And the absorbent dispersion device for each absorption process is provided. The spraying device comprises a spraying pump 26 and a spraying conduit 20 connected to the outlet of the spraying pump 26, respectively. On the tube plate to which the vertical tubes 10 (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) are connected, it is possible to prevent mixing of the absorbing solution during each absorption process and to distribute the absorbing solution to each vertical tube 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d. To make the
Partition plates 22 (22a, 22b, 22c) are provided.

In the lower head 23 of the absorber 5, the trays 24a, 24 for each absorption process are provided.
b, 24c and dilute liquid tank 25 are provided, and each tray 24 (24a, 24c
The spray pumps 26a, 26b, 26c are connected to b, 24c), respectively. Branch pipes 21a, 21b, 2 to each solution conduit 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d
1c is connected.

Next, the operation will be described. In the high temperature regenerator 1, the absorbing liquid is heated by the combustion gas from the combustor (not shown) and evaporates and boils,
Refrigerant vapor is generated and concentrated. The generated refrigerant vapor is guided into the heat transfer tube 27 of the low temperature regenerator 2 and heats the absorbing liquid scattered outside the tube to generate and concentrate the refrigerant vapor, and at the same time, it condenses and liquefies, and the liquid refrigerant conduit 28 Is sent to the condenser 3 via. In addition, since the air-cooling heat exchanger 29 is formed in the middle of the liquid refrigerant conduit 28 and is cooled by the cooling air sucked by a fan (not shown), the heat load of the condenser 3 can be reduced. The refrigerant vapor generated in the low temperature regenerator 2 is guided to the upper header 12 of the condenser 3 via the vapor conduit 13 and is cooled by the cooling air in the heat transfer tube 3A to be condensed and liquefied. It accumulates and is sent from there to the evaporator 4 via the liquid refrigerant conduit 15. The liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 4 is sprayed on the heat transfer pipe 29 by the refrigerant spray pump 9, heat-exchanges with the cold water flowing in the pipe 29 to evaporate and evaporate, and at that time, the cold water is cooled to obtain a desired refrigerating action. The refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator 4 is guided to the upper header 18 of the absorber 5 via the steam conduit 19.

On the other hand, the concentrated solution generated in the high temperature regenerator 1 and the concentrated solution generated in the low temperature regenerator 2 are respectively the high temperature heat exchanger 6 and
After passing through the low-temperature heat exchanger 7 and the concentrated liquid conduit 30, it flows into the tray 24a of the lower header 23 of the absorber 5 in the first-stage absorption process, and is spread by the spray pump 26a from the spray pipe 20a to the outer wall of the header and the partition plate.
22a and the vertical tube group 10a together with the refrigerant vapor.
It flows down inside, absorbs the refrigerant vapor and is diluted, and the saucer 24a
Return to. Further, a part of the absorbing liquid passing through the spraying conduit 20a is diverted and is branched from the branch pipe 21a to the partition plates 22a and 22b in the second absorption process.
Is supplied during the time period, flows down along with the refrigerant vapor in the vertical tube group 10b, absorbs the refrigerant vapor, is diluted, and returns to the tray 24b. Further, the absorbing liquid in the tray 24b is supplied from the spraying conduit 20b between the partition plates 22a and 22b of the unit b by the spraying pump 25b, and absorbs the refrigerant vapor as described above. Further, a part of the absorbing liquid in the second stage absorption process is diverted to the branch pipe 21b,
It is supplied to the stage absorption process. Similarly, a part of the absorption liquid circulating in the third absorption process is supplied to the fourth absorption process through the branch pipe 21c. Part of the absorbed liquid in the fourth-stage absorption process flows into the dilute liquid tank 25, flows into the low temperature heat exchanger 7 via the dilute liquid conduit 31 by the circulation pump 8, and part of the absorbed liquid from the low temperature regenerator. 2, the rest goes through the high temperature heat exchanger 6 and the high temperature regenerator 1
Sent to.

As described above, by the spraying device, the absorption liquid in the absorption liquid reservoir during the absorption process is sprayed on the vertical pipe located above it, whereby the solution circulation amount during the absorption process flows from the generator to the absorber. The flow rate of the absorption liquid in the absorption process can be set to a flow rate according to the cooling capacity of the cooling air because it is larger than the flow rate of the absorption liquid that comes in. The absorption refrigeration cycle is formed by a small number of stages of absorption process, as it produces an absorption liquid at a level close to a certain concentration, guides this to the absorption stage immediately upstream, and further performs the absorption action in multiple stages. It is possible to obtain a dilute absorption liquid at a level necessary for

The saucers 24a, 24b, 24c are the pump suction duct 32.
The communication pipes 33a, b, c provided on the a, 32b, 32c are connected to each other to prevent the pump 26 from idling.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The parts having the same functions as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. In this example, the split flow of the absorption liquid from the absorption process to the next absorption process is
Part of the receiving tray 24 (24b, 24c, 24d) provided on the lower head 23 to the lower portion of the vertical pipe 10 in the previous absorption process 24a ', 24b', 24
This is achieved by overhanging c ', which has the advantage of being easy to manufacture.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The weirs 34a, 34b, 34c are arranged so that the split flow of the absorption liquid from the absorption process of each stage to the absorption process of the next stage sequentially overflows from the receiving tray 24a to the receiving trays 24b, 24c, 24d, and the solution tank 25. , 34d is different from the above-mentioned embodiment. In this embodiment, each saucer
Since the liquid level of 24 is always secured at a predetermined level or more by the weir 34, idling of the spray pump 26 can be prevented.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Liquid tanks 35a, 35b, 35c are provided in a part of the tray 24 in the absorption process of each stage, and float valves 36a, 36b, 36c are provided in the liquid tanks 35a, 35b, 35c,
Branch pipes 21a, 21b, 21c that divert the absorption liquid to the next absorption process
Is connected to the discharge side of the spray pumps 26a, 26b, 26c, and the float valve 36 is provided in the middle of these branch pipes 21a, 21b, 21c.
The arrangement of a, 36b and 36c is different from that of the above-mentioned embodiment.

In the present embodiment, the suction liquid level of each spray pump 26 is kept at a predetermined height by the function of adjusting the flow rate by the float valve 36, so that each spray pump 26 can be prevented from idling.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a branch pipe 21 (21a, 21b, 21b, 21a, 21b, for feeding the absorption liquid in the tray 24 to the next absorption process).
21c, 21d) to each spray pump 26 (26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e)
It is provided so as to connect the suction pipes of each other.

In this way, since the absorbent having a slightly higher concentration in the former stage is mixed with the absorbent sucked into each spray pump 26, the concentration of the absorbed absorbent is mixed in the former absorbent and the receiving tray 24. Can be higher than if. As a result, the absorbent having a high absorption capacity is sprayed, the absorption is further improved, and the absorbent having a lower concentration can be produced.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the absorption liquid of the saucer 24a is sprayed on the vertical pipe 10a and the absorption liquid of the saucer 24b is sprayed on the vertical pipe 10b in the first absorption process and the second absorption process. That is, the recirculation of the absorbing liquid within the self absorbing process is not performed, and the absorbing liquid flows in series from the first-stage absorbing process to the second-stage absorbing process, and each of the third to fifth stages is performed. The flow of the absorbing liquid in the absorbing process is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment.

In this embodiment, the discharge side of the spray pump 26a 'in the first absorption process is connected to the spreader 20b' installed above the vertical pipe 10b in the second absorption process, and the tray 24b in the second absorption process is It is connected to the suction side of the solution pump 26c in the third stage absorption process via a conduit 37. The sprayer 20a 'installed above the vertical pipe 10a in the first stage absorption process is connected to the low temperature heat exchanger 7 via the concentrated liquid conduit 30.

In the above-described embodiment, the flow of the absorbing liquid in each of the first and second absorption processes is serial, but the absorption liquid is absorbed in series only in other arbitrary absorption processes such as the third and fourth absorption processes. It is also possible to drain the liquid.

As described in each of the above examples, since the flow rate of the absorbing liquid flowing down in each vertical pipe can be set to be large independently of the circulating amount of the absorbing liquid in the refrigeration cycle, it is possible to dry the vertical pipe due to the insufficient flow amount of the falling liquid film. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of a hot spot and obtain high heat transfer performance.

Further, in the embodiment, the absorption process has four stages and five stages, but the number may be two stages or more.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater having an air-cooled absorber that can be put to practical use with a small number of stages.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cycle configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the absorber of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a temperature of absorption liquid and cooling air of each unit at that time. It is an example of temperature. FIG. 3 is an air-cooled absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a condenser, FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an air-cooled absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an air-cooled absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an air-cooled absorber and an evaporator of another embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an air-cooled absorber and an evaporator of another embodiment of the present invention. 5 ... Absorber, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d ... Vertical tube, 20a, 20b, 20c, 2
0d ... Spraying conduits, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d ... Branching pipes, 24a, 24b, 24
c, 24d, 24e ... saucer for absorbing liquid, 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e ... spray pump, 34a, 34b, 34c ... weir, 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d ... float valve.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Tomihisa Ouchi 502 Jinritsucho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture, Hiritsu Seisakusho Co., Ltd.Mechanical Research Institute (72) Kyoji Kono, 603, Jinritsucho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hiritsu Co., Ltd. Toru Uehara Examiner, Tsuchiura Plant, Manufacturing Works

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An absorber is provided which causes an absorbing liquid to flow down into a pipe arranged vertically or inclined and which supplies a refrigerant vapor from an evaporator from above the pipe to absorb the absorbing liquid flowing down inside the pipe. In the air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater, a means for guiding cooling air to the absorber, a means for guiding the absorbent that has exited the absorber to the next-stage absorber, and a liquid reservoir below the absorber are provided. An air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater characterized by being provided with means for communicating. 2. An absorber is provided which causes an absorbing liquid to flow down into a pipe which is arranged vertically or inclined and which supplies a refrigerant vapor from an evaporator from above the pipe to absorb the absorbing liquid flowing down inside the pipe. In the air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater, a means for guiding cooling air to the absorber, a means for guiding the absorbent that has exited the absorber to the next-stage absorber, and a liquid reservoir below the absorber are provided. An air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater characterized by comprising a means for communicating with each other and a control means for controlling a liquid level of the liquid reservoir. 3. An absorber is provided which causes an absorbing liquid to flow down into a pipe arranged vertically or inclined and which supplies a refrigerant vapor from an evaporator from above the pipe to absorb the absorbing liquid flowing down inside the pipe. In the air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater, between the means for guiding the cooling air to the absorber, the means for guiding the absorbing liquid discharged from the absorber to the absorber at the next stage, and the absorbers at the second and subsequent stages of the absorber. An air-cooled absorption type cold / hot water machine, characterized in that it is provided with means for refluxing the absorption liquid. 4. An absorber for causing an absorbing liquid to flow down into a pipe arranged vertically or inclined and supplying a refrigerant vapor from an evaporator from above the pipe to absorb the absorbing liquid flowing down in the pipe, In an air-cooled absorption type chiller-heater equipped with a spraying device for spraying the absorbing liquid to the absorber, means for guiding cooling air to the absorber, and means for guiding the absorbing liquid discharged from the absorber to the next-stage absorber And a plurality of sets of absorbing means configured by dividing the liquid reservoir below the pipe in the flow direction of the cooling air and providing the pipe with the absorbing means.