JPS62202972A - Air-cooled absorption type water chiller and heater - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater used as a cold/heat source device for building air conditioning.

[Conventional technology]

As described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 125365/1983, a conventional absorption type water chiller/heater introduces an i15 i While flowing down the pipe, refrigerant vapor from the evaporator is supplied from the lower part of the vertical pipe to absorb it into the absorption solution flowing down the straight pipe to generate a dilute absorption solution containing more refrigerant. .

The absorbed heat generated in the process of producing a thin absorption solution is carried away by the cooling air that passes outside the vertical tube via the tube wall and fins.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-50748 describes that the above-mentioned absorption process is repeated a plurality of times to lengthen the flow distance of the absorption solution.

[Problems that the invention aims to solve]

However, the prior art disclosed to those who wish to i'if does not take into account the fact that the absorption process is carried out in multiple stages.
Therefore, air cooling is popular for cooling.

While the absorption solution flows down the vertical tube, it will not be sufficiently cooled and it is advisable to reduce the concentration and U degree of the absorption solution below the level required to form an absorption refrigeration cycle.

In addition, the latter technology does not consider the flow rate of the absorption solution to be circulated with respect to the cooling air 11 in each absorption process. Because they are connected in series, the t'i return flow h[ of the absorbing solution in each absorption process is approximately equal to the sacrifice flowing into the absorber (increases by the amount of absorbed refrigerant vapor), and with this amount of circulation, absorption cooling can be achieved. In order to generate an absorption solution at the 'a degree relevel and temperature level required to form a ridge cycle, it is necessary to extremely increase the number of stages in the absorption process (actual 1 ('f flow distance)), and the latter Even if the disclosed multistage absorption is applied to an air-cooled absorber, it is difficult to provide one that can be put to practical use.

An object of the present invention is to provide an air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater having an air-cooled absorber that can be put to practical use with a small number of stages.

[Means for solving problems]

The absorber has a plurality of vertical pipes and an absorption liquid reservoir located below these vertical pipes and communicating with the inside of each vertical pipe. It is divided into a plurality of sections in the flow direction of the cooling air passing therethrough, and a plurality of sets of absorption processes are formed, each consisting of an absorption liquid reservoir and a vertical pipe located on one side of this solution reservoir. The dispersion device has a flow path for sequentially flowing the absorption liquid from the absorption process located downstream of the cooling air to the absorption process located upstream Vt, and the dispersion device
An air-cooled absorption chiller/heater characterized by being equipped with an absorption process.

[Effect]

Since the configuration is as described above, the solution in the solution reservoir in the absorption process is sprayed onto the vertical pipe located above it by the spraying '3A position, thereby circulating the solution in the absorption process from the 1 generator to the absorber. Since the flow rate is higher than the flow rate of the inflowing absorption solution, the circulation of the absorption solution during the absorption process can be adjusted to a flow rate that corresponds to the cooling capacity of the cooling air.
The most dilute 1 liter that can be obtained by the cooling capacity of the passing cooling air
An absorption solution at a level close to 11 degrees Celsius is generated, which is sequentially guided to the absorption stage located immediately upstream, and the absorption action is performed in multiple stages. A dilute absorption solution of the level required for formation can be obtained.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In Figure 1, 1 indicates high temperature 11, which is earthenware.

2 is a low i1.1 regenerator; l is an air-cooled condenser; 4 is an evaporator; 5 is an absorber; 6 is a high-temperature heat exchanger; 7 is a low-humidity heat exchanger;
8 is a solution circulation pump, and 9 is a refrigerant spray pump. −
Among the equipment described above, conventional equipment can be used except for the absorber 5 and the condenser 3, so a description thereof will be omitted.

The absorber 5 is composed of a plurality of rows of air-cooled heat exchangers in which fins 11 are arranged orthogonally outside a vertical tube.

Part of the row on the cooling air inlet side is connected to the header 12.1 above and below.
4 are installed, and 3 Ifli compressors and 3 manufacturers are installed. The upper ladder] 2 of the condenser 3 is connected to the gas phase part i of the low temperature regenerator 2 via a vapor conduit 13, and the lower header 14 is connected to the evaporator 4 by a liquid refrigerant conduit 15, and the lower header 14 An air bleed pipe 17 of an air bleed device 16 is connected to.

The absorber 5 has four rows (partly three rows) of vertical tubes 10a.

] Ob , 10 r, , 10 (consists of 1,
Each row constitutes one absorption process, which allows 1.
This constitutes the first to fourth stage absorption processes. Absorber 5 -
1 Part of the header 18 is connected to the gas phase part of the evaporator 4 via a steam passage 19.
I'm being kicked. The spraying device consists of one spraying pump 26 each.
．． The dispersion conduit 2 connected to the outlet [1 of this dispersion pump 26]
Consists of 0. Vertical tube 10 (10a.

Job, ], Or, ]Od) are connected to the tube plate to prevent mixing of the absorption liquid between each absorption process and to prevent each vertical tube 10
a, 10b, 10c, 1. In order to uniformly distribute the absorption liquid to Od, partition W22 (22a) is used.

22b, 22C) are provided.

The lower header 23 of the absorber 5 has a tray 24 for receiving each absorption process.
a, 24b, 24c and a diluted liquid tank 25 are provided, and each receptacle 112.4 (24n, 24b, 24
c, 2) are equipped with spray pumps 26a, 2.c, respectively.
6b and 26c are connected. Each solution conduit 2
0a, 2. Ob.

20r, 20d branch pipes 2.1 a, 21 b
, 2.1 r.

are connected.

Next, the operation will be explained. In the high-temperature re/1° reactor 1, the absorption liquid is heated with combustion gas from a combustor (not shown) or #:I, and then transferred to the evaporator 1. OL generates refrigerant vapor, which is then concentrated.

The generated refrigerant vapor is guided into the heat transfer tube 27 of the low-temperature regenerator 2, and the absorption liquid outside the tube 4:, is condensation and liquefaction [7, liquid cooling 'l'v:'! ';”;? 2
It is sent to the condenser 3 via Fl. Nao9. The middle of the liquid refrigerant conduit 28 is shaped like an air-cooled heat exchanger 29, and since cooling is performed by cooling air sucked in by a fan (not shown), the thermal properties iiη of the condenser 3 can be reduced. The refrigerant vapor generated in the low-temperature regenerator 2 passes through the vapor conduit 13 and is condensed.
The condensed liquid is guided into the ladder 12 to a part of the heat exchanger tube 3, and is condensed and liquefied by cooling air within the heat exchanger tube 3Δ.The condensed liquid collects in the lower header 14, and is evaporated from there via the liquid refrigerant conduit 15. Sent to vessel 4. The liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 4 is sprayed onto the heat transfer tubes 29 by the refrigerant spray pump 9, and the cold water flowing inside the tubes 29 and! (Each time was evaporated and replaced at °C.)

At that time, the cold water is cooled to obtain the required refrigeration effect.

The refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator 4 is led to a header 18 of the absorber 5 via a vapor conduit 19.

On the other hand, the concentrated solution generated in the high temperature regenerator 1 and the concentrated solution generated in the low temperature regenerator 2 are transferred to the high n, λ heat exchanger 6. Low temperature heat exchanger7. The receiver of the first stage absorption process of the ladder 23 flows into the lower part of the absorber 5 via the concentrated liquid 4 pipe 30, and flows into the tray 24a, and the spray pump 26a causes the water to flow between the outer wall of the header and the partition plate 22a from the spray pipe 20n. The refrigerant vapor is supplied into the container, flows down the vertical tube group 10a together with the refrigerant vapor, absorbs the refrigerant vapor and is diluted, and then returns to the tray 24a. In addition, the dispersion pipe 2
A part of the absorption liquid passing through 0a is branched and supplied from the branch pipe 21a to the partition plates 22a and 22b 11I of the second stage absorption process, flows down in the vertical W group tab together with the refrigerant vapor, and absorbs the refrigerant vapor. The receiver is then returned to the tray 24b. Further, the absorption liquid in the receiving ITIL 24b is transferred from the distribution pipe 20b to the partition plates 22i and 22 of the unit b by the distribution pump 25b.
Supplied during b.

Absorb refrigerant vapor as before. Further, a part of the absorption liquid in the second stage absorption process is branched to the branch pipe 21b and supplied to the second stage absorption process. Similarly, a part of the absorption liquid circulating in the third stage absorption process is supplied to the fourth stage absorption process through the branch pipe 21c. Part of the absorption liquid in the fourth stage absorption process flows out into the diluted liquid tank 25, flows into the low temperature heat exchanger 7 via the diluted liquid conduit 31 by the circulation pump 8, and from there, part of it flows into the low temperature regenerator. 2, the remainder is sent to the high temperature regenerator 1 via the high temperature heat exchanger 6.

As shown in Section 111, the absorption liquid in the absorption liquid reservoir in the absorption process is dispersed by the dispersion device to the vertical pipe located above it, whereby the solution circulating in the absorption process flows from the generator to the absorber. Since the flow rate of the absorption liquid is higher than the flow rate of the absorption liquid flowing through the absorption process, the circulation rate of the absorption liquid during the absorption process can be set to 1A according to the cooling capacity of the cooling air, and the cooling capacity of the passing cooling air can be used to increase the flow rate of the absorption liquid. The system generates an absorption liquid with a level close to the diluted concentration that can be obtained, and sequentially guides this liquid to the absorption stage located immediately upstream.The absorption action is then carried out in multiple stages, so absorption freezing can be achieved through the absorption process with a small number of stages. It is possible to obtain the level of dilute absorption liquid required for cycle formation.

In addition, the receivers are plates 24a, 24b, 24r,
is bomb suction duct 2.11, 32 b
, 32c, and communicate with each other through communication pipes 33a, b, and c provided in the.

The pump 26 is prevented from running idly.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the invention. Note that parts with the same functions as those in FIG. 1 are given the same number.

In this embodiment, the absorption liquid is diverted from the absorption process to the next absorption process using a receiver provided in the lower header 2;
4b, 24c, 24-d) to the lower part of the vertical tube 10 in the previous absorption process 24n'.

This is achieved by projecting out 24b', 24r, and 24', which has the advantage of being easy to manufacture and install.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the invention. The absorption liquid is divided from the absorption process of each stage to the absorption process of the next stage.

The receiver is from the plate 24a to the receiver 11 (L 24 b, 24 C
, 24d, and the solution tank 25 in order of at<overflow).
In this embodiment, the difference from the previous embodiment is that 4d is provided, so that the liquid level in each receiver 24 is always maintained above a predetermined level by the weir 34, so that the spray pump 26 can be prevented from running idly.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the invention. Absorption of each stage...
The liquid tank 35a is a part of the plate 24 for receiving the force.

:35b, 35c, 1q, the liquid tank 35fl, 3
5b.

Flow 1 in 35c - valves 36a, 36b, 36
Branch pipes 2 La, 2'L h, 21. c, a spray pump 26a;

26b, 26r, and a float valve 3 in the middle of these branch pipes 21a, 21b, 21c.
This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in that 6a, 36b, and 36c are respectively provided.

In this embodiment, the suction liquid level of each spray pump 26 is maintained at a predetermined height by the flow meter 31 node function of the float valve 36, so that idling of each spray pump 2G can be prevented.

The sixth UfiI is another embodiment of the present invention, and the saucer 24
A branch pipe for sending the absorption liquid to the next absorption process2.
1 (218,21)), 7.1 to 2, 21d)
, each spray pump 26 (2G t&, 26 b,
2Ge.

The suction pipes 26d and 26e) are connected to each other.

In this way, the absorbent liquid in the llllj stage with a slightly higher concentration is mixed with the absorbent liquid sucked into each spray pump 26, so that the concentration of the absorbed liquid that has been sprayed is equal to that of the absorbent liquid in the previous stage and in the receiving volume 24. It can be made higher than when mixed. As a result, an absorbent liquid with a high absorption capacity is dispersed, and absorption is performed even better, and an absorbent liquid with a lower concentration can be produced.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the absorption liquid in the saucer 241' is transferred to the vertical pipe 1 in the first stage absorption process and the second stage absorption process.
0a, the absorption liquid in the tray 24b is sprayed into the vertical pipes 10b, that is, the absorption liquid is not recirculated within its own absorption process, and the absorption liquid from the first stage absorption process to the second stage absorption process is not performed. The absorption liquid flows in series, and the flow of the absorption liquid in each absorption process from the third stage to the fifth r9 is similar to that in the previous embodiment.

In this embodiment, the discharge side of the dispersion pump 268' for the first-stage absorption process is connected to the dispersion device 20b' installed above the vertical pipe tab for the second-stage absorption process, and the receiving tray 268' for the first-stage absorption process
4b is connected via a conduit 37 to the suction side of the solution pump 26G in the third stage absorption process. In addition, a sprayer 20 +i installed on one side of the vertical pipe LOa in the first stage absorption process.
' is connected to the low temperature heat exchanger 7 via the concentrated liquid conduit 30.

In Example 1, the flow of the absorption liquid in each absorption process of the first stage and the second stage was made to be serial.

In other optional cases, for example, the absorption liquid may be allowed to flow in series only for each absorption process in the 4th stage. This is because bt can be made large regardless of absorption liquid circulation IJt in the refrigeration cycle.

ili: The generation of dry spots due to insufficient flow rate of the falling liquid film in straight pipes can be prevented, and high heat transfer performance can be obtained.

Further, in the embodiments, the absorption process is performed in four stages or five stages, but the number of stages may be two or more stages.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater having an air-cooled absorber that can be put to practical use with a small number of stages.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cycle configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the absorber shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows the temperature of the absorbing liquid and cooling air of each unit at that time. This is an example of humidity. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an air-cooled absorber and condenser according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an air-cooled absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an air-cooled absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an air-cooled absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an air-cooled absorber and an evaporator according to another embodiment of the present invention. 5...Absorber, LOa, 10b, l0IS, 1. Od
- vertical tubes, 20a, 20b, 20c,
20 d - dispersion conduit, 21 Jl, 2 l b
, 21 (S, 21 d = branch pipe. 24 a, 241), 24 a, 24 (J,
24 t=-receptacle for absorption liquid, 26a, 2 t;
b, 26a, 26d. 26 e-spraying pump: 34 a, 34 b,
34 a - weir, 36 a, :S 6 b,
3 f; c, :S G d-flow l-valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a heat exchanger, and a dispersion device, all of which are operatively connected, wherein the absorber comprises a plurality of vertical pipes. and an absorption liquid reservoir located below each of the vertical pipes, and a dispersion device for dispersing the absorption liquid in the absorption liquid reservoir onto the vertical pipes. The absorption liquid reservoir is divided into a plurality of sections in the flow direction, and a plurality of sets of absorption processes are formed by each of these partitioned absorption liquid reservoirs and a vertical pipe located above the absorption liquid reservoir, and the absorption liquid in each absorption liquid reservoir is divided into a plurality of sections. The dispersion device has a flow path for causing the cooling air to flow from an absorption process located on the downstream side to an absorption process located on the upstream side, and
An air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater, characterized in that it is provided for at least one of a plurality of absorption processes. 2. In claim 1, the spraying device comprises:
Air-cooled absorption type water cooler/heater installed in each absorption process. 3. In claim 1, the spraying device comprises:
An air-cooled absorption type water chiller/heater that is installed only in the absorption process located upstream of the cooling air.