JP2736542B2 - Construction method of underground structure omitting temporary materials - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a construction method for constructing an underground structure or the like of a building by a forward-strength method or a reverse-strike method by constructing a retaining wall with a column of soil. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of constructing an underground structure requiring almost no temporary material such as a beam for retaining a mountain or an upright material.

Conventional technology Conventionally, when constructing an underground structure of a building, as a matter of course, temporarily install a retaining wall on the outer periphery of the underground structure and incorporate bulging materials and cutting beams as the excavation of the ground progresses A mountain retaining method of sequentially stiffening a mountain retaining wall has been implemented.
Therefore, a large amount of temporary materials is required, and a considerable period of time is consumed for temporary work.

In this regard, in the case of a method of constructing an underground structure described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-247423, for example, in order to reduce the cost of temporary materials for earth retaining work, an expensive underground continuous wall is used for the underground structure. Means for use as a basis (part) are disclosed.

In addition, a construction method in which a soil column having H steel as a core material is used as a part of an underground outer wall also belongs to the related art.

Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention (1) As described above, the earth retaining work cost in the construction work cost, for example, the construction of a soil column using H steel as a core material, the provision of cutting beams, and the provision of erection materials. Or the ratio of so-called temporary material costs for removal is quite large. But these temporary materials,
Necessary only when constructing underground structures. At the end of the retaining work (when there is no longer any need), the soil pillars will be buried, and all beams and uplifting materials must be removed. No. In short, there is a double or triple inconvenience that temporary materials are wasteful and dangerous work is required when disassembling the girder or erection material, which is a major problem.

(2) In this respect, the underground continuous wall is used as the foundation of the underground structure as in the construction method described in the above-mentioned JP-A-63-247423. The method of using the soil column for a part of the underground outer wall can be highly evaluated in terms of an improvement plan that reduces waste of temporary materials. However, the former is a construction method based on expensive underground continuous walls used only when constructing large-scale high-rise or high-rise buildings, and there is no possibility of application to central-scale low-rise buildings. be equivalent to. The latter, on the other hand, is a construction method implemented on medium- to low-rise buildings, but even in the former case, it has not yet been possible to eliminate the necessity of cutting beams and bulging materials,
There is still a problem to be solved because the waste of cutting beams and uplifting materials has not been solved.

Means for Solving the Problems (First Invention) As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, a method of constructing an underground structure according to the first invention, in which the temporary material is omitted, is a so-called reverse construction method. As shown in the preferred embodiment in FIGS. 1 to 7 of the drawings, in the construction method of constructing a retaining wall, excavating the ground and constructing an underground structure there, B) The retaining wall 1 is formed by dropping the H-steel core material 3 into the soil cement 2, and the lower end of the H-steel core material at a key position is formed by a row of soil columns reaching the support layer 4. Also,
At the position of the pillar in the center C of the underground structure, a steel pillar 6 is also dropped into the soil cement 5 and a straight pillar 7 having its lower end reaching the support layer 4 is installed. B) excavating the ground 8 to a depth that does not hinder the construction of the floor set on the ground floor; c) exposing the H-steel core members 3 and 6 of the retaining wall 1 and the timber columns 7 to form the timber columns. A precast concrete beam 10 containing a built-in steel frame 9 is bridged between the H steel core members 6 and 6 between each other and between the H steel core members 3 and 6 of the truss pillar 7 and the retaining wall 1 respectively, and joined. Precast concrete beam 1 thus constructed
A precast concrete slab 11 is erected and laid on 0,10, and slab concrete 12 cast in place is laid on the slab concrete, and along the retaining wall 1, beams 13 serving as bulging materials are also provided.
And, at the position of the trussed pillars 7, placing the permanent pillars 14 with cast-in-place concrete respectively. D) Further excavation of the ground 8 to a depth at which the floor structure of the first basement floor can be constructed. Performing the step c) and repeating the same steps thereafter.

The depth of the retaining wall 1 made of soil columns is such that the ground 8 does not hinder the construction of the floor set on the ground floor (about 2-3 m).
While excavating to the maximum, the strength and rigidity sufficient to prevent the collapse of the ground 8 are exhibited.

The retaining wall 1 and the core post 7 are each made of soil cement 2,
By disintegrating 5, it is possible to easily expose the necessary H steel core members 3 and 6 as much as necessary (or only necessary parts).

A precast concrete beam (hereinafter abbreviated as an SC beam) 10 having a built-in steel frame (H steel) 9 between the exposed H-steel cores 3, 6 and 6, 6, respectively, is laid and joined. Accordingly, this SC beam 10 functions as a cutting beam for supporting the retaining wall 1 from the inside, and is also used as a main beam as it is.

Precast concrete slabs (hereinafter abbreviated as PC slabs) 11 erected on the SC beams 10, 10 also serve as substitutes for the floor formwork of the slab concrete 12.

The beam 13 cast inside along the retaining wall 1 also serves as a bulging material for stiffening the retaining wall 1 from the inside.

Further, a permanent steel reinforced concrete column 14 having the H steel core member 6 as a reinforcing steel frame is cast at the position of the timber column 7.

The vertical load of the floor set on the ground floor completed as described above is transmitted to and supported by the support layer 4 through the H steel core members 3 and 6 of the retaining wall 1 and the straight pillar 7.

Thus, after the floor set on the ground floor is completed, the retaining wall 1 reinforced with the SC beams 10 allows the ground 8 to be excavated further deeply, and excavates to a depth at which the floor set on the first basement floor can be constructed. We can proceed to the construction of the first basement floor.

(Second Invention) Similarly, as a means for solving the above-mentioned problem of the prior art, the method of constructing an underground structure according to the second invention, in which the temporary material is omitted, belongs to a so-called straight driving method. In the construction method of constructing a retaining wall, excavating the ground and constructing an underground structure there, a) The retaining wall 1 drops the H steel core material 3 into the soil cement 2 and positions it at a key position. The lower end of the H steel core material is formed by a row of soil columns reaching the support layer 4. Also,
At the position of the pillar in the center C of the underground structure, a steel pillar 6 is also dropped into the soil cement 5 and a straight pillar 7 having its lower end reaching the support layer 4 is installed. B) excavating the ground 8 to a depth that does not interfere with the construction of the floor set on the ground floor; c) exposing the H steel cores 3 and 6 of the retaining wall 1 and the straight pillar 7 as necessary, An SC beam 10 containing a built-in steel frame 9 is laid between the H-steel core members 6 and 6 of the truss pillar 7 and between the H-steel core members 3 and 6 of the truss pillar 7 and the retaining wall 1 respectively. Joining and constructing a beam 13 which also serves as an uplifting material along the retaining wall 1) d) further excavating the ground to a depth at which the floor structure of the first basement floor can be constructed, and (E) repeating the same process to complete the excavation of the ground to the lowest level. E) From the lowest level to the upper level, Ri bridged the PC version 11 on top of the construction has been SC beam 10, and Da設 the concrete slab 12 of the cast-in-place on it, earth retaining wall 1
The step of repeating the process of placing the structural outer wall 15 at the portion and the main pillar 14 at the position of the trussed pillar 7 with cast-in-place concrete is repeated.

Function The functions of the retaining wall 1, the timber pillar 7, and the SC beam 10 erected between the H steel core members 3 and 6 are the same as those of the first invention.

In the case of the present invention, with the SC beam 10 acting as a cutting beam,
For the time being, the excavation of the ground 8 is first performed up to the lowest floor, and then the slab concrete 12 is cast sequentially from the lowest floor to the upper floor, and the permanent pillars 14 and the structural outer walls 15 are sequentially driven. It is characterized by the driving method.

Embodiment Next, the illustrated embodiment of the present invention will be described.

First, FIG. 1 shows that a portion of an underground outer wall of an underground structure to be constructed is provided with a H for main construction in a soil cement 2 formed by perforating and stirring while injecting grout with an auger.
An earth retaining wall 1 of a steel column row into which a steel core material 3 is dropped is installed, and an H steel for main cutting is installed in a soil cement 5 at a position of a center C of a column beam in the underground structure. The plane arrangement at the stage where the steel pillar 7 formed by dropping the core material 6 is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, the H steel core members 3 and 6 of the retaining wall 1 and the timber pillar 7 have the lower end reaching the support layer 4 and the H steel core members 3 and 6, respectively, as shown in FIG. , 6 are attached with a pressure-resistant steel plate 16 by welding or bolting to increase the tip support force. The H steel core members 3 and 6 are embedded piles that do not hit. For this reason, the portion near the support layer of the soil cement 2,5 of the retaining wall 1 and the truss pillar 7 is formed with the root-fixing liquid 17 having a water-cement ratio of about 50-70% by using a liquid-rich root-fixing liquid. Thus, the vertical load (bearing force) borne by the H steel core members 3 and 6 can be transmitted to the support layer 4.

FIG. 3 shows that the ground 8 surrounded by the retaining wall 1 is excavated to a depth (approximately 2 to 3 m) which does not hinder the construction of the floor set on the ground floor (ground level floor). And exposing the H steel core members 3 and 6 of the truss pillar 7 as necessary, and installing a steel frame (H-section steel) 9 between these H steel core members 3 and 6 and between 6, 6
2 shows a stage in which an SC beam 10 with a built-in is bridged and joined.
FIG. 2 shows the plane arrangement of FIG. SC beam 10 is H
Gazette plate 18 attached to steel cores 3 and 6 by field welding
The web of the main steel frame 9 is joined by high-strength bolts. For this reason, the gusset plate 18 is provided with a long hole for a bolt. As other means for erection and joining of the SC beam 10, although not shown, the H steel core material 3,
The flange portions of the 6 and the SC beam 10 can also be pulled and joined by a high-strength bolt via a T-shaped bracket.

Next, FIG. 5 shows the SC beam 1 erected as described above.
A PC slab 11 is erected on 0,10 and cast-in-place slab concrete 12 is laid on it. Simultaneously, a reinforced concrete beam 13 is also provided along the retaining wall 1, and a reinforced concrete beam 13 is also used. At the position of the pillar 7, a reinforcing bar and a formwork for placing a permanent pillar 14 are assembled, and a beam 13 and a pillar 14 integrated with the slab concrete 12 are cast with cast-in-place concrete. As a result, the own weight of the floor set in the ground floor portion and the vertical load applied thereto are transmitted to and supported by the H-steel core members 3 and 6 of the retaining wall 1 and the straight pillar 7. In order to transmit such a load safely and reliably, a shear connector may be attached to the H steel core members 3 and 6 in some cases. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which the PC plate 11 is erected on the SC beam 10.

FIG. 6 shows that the excavation of the ground 8 is advanced to a depth at which the floor structure of the first basement floor can be constructed, and the H steel core members 3 and 6 of the retaining wall 1 and the timber pillar 7 are also exposed. This shows a stage in which an SC beam 10 containing a built-in steel 9 is bridged between 3,6 and 6,6. The PC plate 11 is placed on the SC beams 10 and 10 thus erected.
And a cast-in-place slab concrete 12 is laid on it.
13 and a formwork for splicing and installing the main pillar 14 at the position of the straight pillar 7, and the beam 13 and the pillar 14 integrated with the slab concrete 12 are cast by cast-in-place concrete. Is established. At this stage, the retaining wall 1
An outer wall formwork of an underground structure using a reinforcing steel frame as an outer formwork is also assembled, and the underground outer wall 15 is connected to one basement floor by cast-in-place concrete.

FIG. 7 shows a plan view of the beams 13, the outer walls 15 of the underground structure, and the main columns 14 thus constructed by the construction of one underground floor. In this way, the underground structures are sequentially constructed downward by the so-called back-strike method.

Other Embodiments By the way, as a different embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible to carry out a so-called progressive driving method. Although illustration and explanation are omitted, when the progressive driving method is implemented, the SC beam 10 is erected on the H steel core members 3 and 6 of the retaining wall 1 and the straight pillar 7 for each floor,
The excavation of the ground 8 proceeds steadily along the inside of the retaining wall 1 with the frame having only the upright beams 13 constructed. Then, at the stage where the excavation to the lowest floor is achieved, the construction of the underground structure is advanced sequentially from the lowest floor to the upper floor. That is, the SC beams 10, 1 already installed as described above
A PC plate 11 is erected on top of 0, and a slab concrete 12 cast in place is cast on it. The frames are respectively assembled, and the pillars 14 integrated with the slab concrete 12 are installed with cast-in-place concrete. Further, at this stage, the outer rebar and the formwork of the underground structure are assembled inside the retaining wall 1 and the underground outer wall 15 is connected by one-floor by in-situ cast-in-place concrete, and the construction is sequentially advanced to the upper floor. is there.

Effect of the present invention As described in detail in conjunction with the embodiment above, the construction method of an underground structure omitting the temporary material according to the present invention, Not used,
Such temporary material costs and the construction period for temporary construction can all be reduced, thereby achieving significant cost reductions and shortened construction periods.

[Brief description of the drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the construction of a retaining wall and a timber column with a soil column, Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 3, and Fig. 3 is a standing state with SC beams on the ground floor. View, Fig. 4 is PC
A plan view showing the erected state of the slab, FIG. 5 is an elevation view showing the completed construction of the slab concrete on the ground floor, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the underground structure. 1 ... Mounting wall, 2,5 ... Soil cement 3,6 ... H steel core, C ... Community 4 ... Support layer, 7 ... Structural pillar 8 ... Soil, 9 ... Steel 10 …… SC beam, 11… PC version 12 …… Slab concrete 13 …… Beam, 14 …… Column 15 …… Outer wall

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masaaki Kakura 2-5-14 Minamisuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo Inside the Technical Research Institute, Takenaka Corporation (72) Inventor Masanobu Hoshi 8-2-11-1 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo No. Takenaka Corporation, Tokyo Head Office (72) Inventor Hirone Terada 8-21-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside, Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Main Office (72) Inventor Bunshin Yato 8, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo No. 21-1, Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Head Office

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] (1) In a construction method in which a retaining wall is constructed, a ground is excavated, and an underground structure is constructed there, a) The retaining wall is formed by dropping an H steel core material into soil cement, and The lower end of the H steel core material at the position is formed by a row of soil columns reaching the support layer, and at the position of the column in the center of the underground structure, H
(C) installing a steel column with the steel core dropped and the lower end reaching the support layer; and (b) excavating the ground to a depth that does not hinder the construction of the floor structure on the ground floor. ) Precast concrete with a built-in steel frame between the H-steel cores of the timbered pillars and the H-steel cores of the timbered pillars and the H-steel cores of the timbered pillars. A beam is connected and joined, a precast concrete slab is erected on the precast concrete beam thus erected, a slab concrete cast in place is cast on it, and a beam that also serves as a bulging material along the retaining wall And, at the position of the trussed pillars, placing each of the permanent columns with cast-in-place concrete; d) excavating the ground to a depth at which the floor structure of the first basement can be constructed; And then repeat the same steps. Characterized in that it consists of the steps returned, construction methods of underground construction is omitted temporary material. 2. A method for constructing a retaining wall, excavating the ground, and constructing an underground structure there. A) The retaining wall is formed by dropping an H steel core material into soil cement, and The lower end of the H steel core material at the position is formed by a row of soil columns reaching the support layer, and at the position of the column in the center of the underground structure, H
(C) installing a steel column with the steel core dropped and the lower end reaching the support layer; and (b) excavating the ground to a depth that does not hinder the construction of the floor structure on the ground floor. ) Precast concrete with a built-in steel frame between the H-steel cores of the timbered pillars and the H-steel cores of the timbered pillars and the H-steel cores of the timbered pillars. (C) building a beam that also serves as an uplifting material along the retaining wall by joining and joining the beams, and (d) excavating the ground to a depth at which the floor set of the first basement can be constructed, and the process (c) described above. And the following steps are repeated to complete the excavation of the ground to the lowest level. E) Precast concrete slabs are laid on the precast concrete beams erected by the above steps in order from the lowest level to the upper level. Erected on top of it Casting concrete rubbing, constructing the outer wall of the structure at the location of the retaining wall, and casting the main pillar at the position of the straight pillar with the cast-in-place concrete, respectively. Construction method for underground structures omitting temporary materials.