JP3057466B2 - How to build underground structures - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
In particular, the present invention relates to a method for constructing an underground skeleton above a foundation beam by reverse striking and dividing the foundation beam into an upper portion and a portion other than the upper portion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method of building an underground skeleton by backlashing or the like generally includes building a foundation pedestal at a deep portion of a column forming position of the underground skeleton, and forming a steel frame, a steel reinforced concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure at a core of the foundation pedestal. Pillars (simply referred to as “trussed pillars”) are built, and the upper skeleton is built on the trussed pillars. At the same time, the ground at the location where the underground skeleton is formed is sequentially excavated using an excavator. From the upper floor of the building to the lower floor, build the floors, beams, etc. of each basement floor by reverse hitting sequentially,
Excavate the ground below the part where the underground skeleton is formed, attach it to the floor, hit the discarded concrete on the ground with the floor, build the pressure plate, foundation beams and floor of the lowest floor room on the discarded concrete doing.

[0003]

According to the above-mentioned conventional method of building an underground skeleton by backlashing or the like, the ground at the location where the underground skeleton is formed is excavated and floored, and concrete discarded on the ground with the floor. The floor of the lowermost room of the underground building,
When building foundation beams, pressure panels, etc., it is necessary to make the bottom of the underground skeleton under construction high and large, and a large force acts on the retaining wall around the bottom of the underground skeleton under construction , It needs to be cut and reinforced with a stomach. In addition, the floor of the lowermost floor of the underground skeleton, foundation beams, pressure-resistant panels, and the like must be constructed in order, and there is a disadvantage that a large amount of construction materials are required for passages, scaffolds, and the like. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method of constructing a foundation beam that does not have the above-mentioned disadvantages of the conventional method of constructing an underground skeleton. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of constructing an underground skeleton that does not require reinforcement and that can safely construct the floor of the lowermost room of the underground skeleton, foundation beams, pressure-resistant panels, and the like with good workability.

[0004]

The present invention employs the following structure as means for solving the above-mentioned problems. The configuration of the present invention is to construct a foundation pedestal in the deep part of the column formation position of the underground skeleton, and erected a steel frame structure, a steel reinforced concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure at the core of the foundation pedestal,
In the underground skeleton building method of sequentially excavating the ground at the formation location of the underground skeleton, and sequentially building from the upper beam and floor of the underground skeleton to the lower beam and floor, building the upper part of the foundation beam, Underground characterized by excavating the ground below the upper part of the foundation beam and laying it on the floor, constructing parts other than the pressure plate and the upper part of the foundation beam on the ground with the floor, and constructing the floor on the foundation beam In the method of building the skeleton. In a preferred embodiment, the upper part of the foundation beam is constructed, the ground below the upper part of the foundation beam is excavated and floored, and the lower part of the foundation beam and the pressure plate are built together on the floored ground, The middle part of the foundation beam is constructed integrally with the lower and upper parts of the foundation beam, and the floor is constructed on the foundation beam. The floor above the foundation beam is provided with a permanent support (eg, deck plate, precast concrete floorboard) or a temporary support (eg, veneer formwork) above the space enclosed by the foundation beam. And slab rebar is arranged on the upper side of the support, and concrete is poured in to construct.

[0005]

The construction method of an underground skeleton according to the present invention is to construct an upper part of a foundation beam, excavate the ground below the upper part of the foundation beam, attach the floor, and place a pressure plate and a foundation beam on the ground with the floor. Since the part other than the upper part is constructed, the upper part of the foundation beam can be used as a cut and a bulge, and deformation of the retaining wall can be prevented. Further, the space surrounded by the upper part of the foundation beam can also be used as a work space and a passage space.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, around the formation of the underground skeleton,
The retaining wall 1 including an H-section steel or the like is constructed by an ordinary method. The ground G at the column forming position of the underground skeleton is deeply excavated to form a vertical hole forming the foundation pedestal 2, and concrete is driven into the lower part of the vertical hole, and before the concrete is solidified, steel structure, steel reinforced concrete or The lower part 3a of the reinforced concrete structure pillar 3 is pierced into the concrete in the vertical hole, and the foundation pillar 2 is formed by solidifying the concrete, and the lower part 3a of the construction pillar 3 is fixed to the foundation pillar 2. I do. As shown in FIG. 1, the level L is adjusted using an appropriate excavator.
_The ground G is truncated to 1 and a reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete beam 4a on the first floor of the upper skeleton is integrally formed with the trussed pillar 3, and a reinforced concrete floor 4b is integrally formed with the beam 4a. . Also, as shown in FIG.
Was drilled to a level L ₂ with an appropriate excavator, to construct a basement floor of reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete beams 5a of the lower skeleton together with構真column 3, and the beam 5a
To form a reinforced concrete floor 5b. Next, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 13 figures, drilled to level L ₃ with an appropriate excavator, the recess 6 apex angle portion of the ground is obtuse forming the top of the footing beams 10 Form. Then, the beam bottom formwork 7 for the upper part of the foundation beam 10 is arranged in the concave portion 6, and the leveling concrete 8 is cast on the ground surface other than the concave portion 6. Instead of using the formwork 7, the surface of the recess 6 may be formed by a casting surface such as concrete or mortar. In this case, concrete into recess 6
The placement of the mortar or the like may be performed together with the placement of the leveling concrete 8 or may be performed prior thereto.

As shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 14, an auxiliary rib 11c, an upper main bar 11a ₁ , an upper vertical rib 11b ₁ , an upper horizontal rib The reinforcement 11b ₂ and the overstretch 11d are arranged. Rebar 11a _1, 11b _1, 11b
₂ , enclosing both sides of 11c, 11d with the side form 9 and casting concrete in the form 9 to form the upper part 10A of the foundation beam 10. The auxiliary stirrups 11c, as the Uetateabarasuji 11a ₁ and the upper lateral stirrups 11a _2, for example, using a shape shown in FIG. 15. After the upper portion 10A of the foundation beam 10 is formed, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the ground surrounded by the upper portion 10A of the foundation beam is excavated using an appropriate excavator to form a space S. An appropriate excavator is arranged in S, and this excavator is used to raise the ground level L ₄ as shown in FIG.
Excavation is performed until the concrete 13 is dumped on the ground.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 14, a slide crane SC is attached to the beam 5a on the first basement floor, and the crane SC can be used to lift reinforcing bars and formwork.
Then, on the discarded concrete 13, a reinforcing bar 14 a for the pressure plate 14 and a lower rib 11 b ₃ for the lower portion 10 B of the foundation beam 10.
And arranged lower beam main reinforcement 11a ₂ of the footing beams 10, and Da設concrete on the discarded concrete 13 to form a pressure plate 14, and to form a lower 10B of the foundation beams. Lower rib 1
As 1b _3, for example, using a shape shown in FIG. 15. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 13, the upper longitudinal ribs 11b ₁ on the upper part 10A of the foundation beam 10 above the pressure plate 14.
The lower end, arranged middle vertical stirrups 11b ₄ between the upper portion of the lower stirrups 11b ₃ for the bottom 10B of the foundation beam, the upper Tateabarasuji 1 the upper end
Pressed against the lower end of 1b _1, to splicing together the bottom to top of the lower stirrups 11b _3. Then, placing the mold 15 outside the middle longitudinal stirrups 11b ₄ and the like with a slide crane SC. Concrete is poured into the formwork 15 to construct the middle part 10C of the foundation beam 10. Since the lower side of the upper part 10A of the foundation beam 10 is an inclined surface 10Aa, the inside of the formwork 15 can be easily filled with concrete, and the middle part 10 of the foundation beam 10 can be filled.
C can be constructed integrally with the upper part 10A and lower part 10B of the foundation beam 10. As Chutateabarasuji 11b _4, for example, using a shape shown in FIG. 15. As shown in FIG. 12, the form 15 and the like are removed using the slide crane SC,
A precast concrete floor plate 16 is placed above the space surrounded by the foundation beams 10. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 14, reinforcing bars 17 are arranged in a grid on the floor plate 16 and the foundation beam 10, and a part of the reinforcing bar 17 is connected to the exposed portion of the reinforcing bar 11 d embedded in the foundation beam 10. I do. Then, as shown in FIG. 13, concrete is cast on the floor plate 16 and the foundation beams 10, and a floor 18 of the second basement floor (that is, the lowest floor of the basement frame) is constructed above the foundation beams 10. . The floor 18 includes a cast-in-place concrete floor and a precast concrete floor plate 16. In addition, floor 1
8 may be constructed using veneer formwork, deck plates, etc., as before. In the above-described embodiment, for simplicity, an example in which an underground skeleton is constructed on the second basement floor has been described.

[0009]

According to the method for constructing an underground skeleton of the present invention, the following effects (a) and (b) can be obtained by providing the structure described in the claims. (B) The method of constructing an underground skeleton according to claim 1 comprises constructing an upper portion of a foundation beam, digging a floor below the upper portion of the foundation beam, laying the ground, and placing a pressure plate and a pressure plate on the laid floor. Since the part other than the upper part of the foundation beam is constructed, and then the floor of the lowest floor of the underground skeleton is constructed on the foundation beam, the construction is easy, and the upper part of the foundation beam is used as a cut and a bulge. Therefore, deformation of the retaining wall can be prevented, and the space surrounded by the upper part of the foundation beam can be used as both work space and passage space.
Useful for shortening the construction period. (B) As described in claim 2, the upper part of the foundation beam is constructed,
Excavate the ground below the upper part of the foundation beam and attach it to the floor, build the lower part of the foundation beam and the pressure plate together on the ground with the floor, and integrate the middle part of the foundation beam with the lower part and upper part of the foundation beam. If it is constructed and the floor is constructed on the foundation beam, the construction of the lower and middle portions of the foundation beam becomes easy, and the pressure-resistant board, foundation beam, floor, etc. of the underground skeleton can be constructed safely and with good workability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a floor on the first floor of an upper frame of an embodiment and beams and the like supporting the floor.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a floor on the first floor of an underground skeleton of the embodiment and beams and the like supporting the floor.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a state in which the room space on the second floor of the underground skeleton of the embodiment is being excavated.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a concave portion and the like for forming an upper portion of a foundation beam according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a formwork and the like for forming the upper part of the foundation beam of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where the ground surrounded by the upper part of the foundation beam of the embodiment is excavated.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an upper part of a foundation beam of the embodiment and a ground surrounded by the upper part.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state during excavation of the ground under the upper part of the foundation beam of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a discarded concrete and the like formed on the lower side of the upper part of the foundation beam of the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a pressure plate and a lower portion of a foundation beam are formed on the discarded concrete of the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the middle part of the foundation beam of the embodiment is formed, and the like.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of a state in which a floor plate is arranged above a foundation beam according to the embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a reinforcing bar is arranged on a floor plate or the like of the embodiment and concrete is being poured.

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a reinforcing beam arrangement state of a foundation beam, a pressure plate, and a floor on the second basement floor in the example.

FIG. 15 is a front view showing the auxiliary ribs, upper vertical ribs, upper horizontal ribs, lower ribs, and middle vertical ribs separately serving as the ribs of the foundation beam of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 10 basement frame 1 mountain retaining wall 2 base column 3 straight pillar 3a lower part 4a beam supporting floor of first floor of upper frame 4b floor of first floor of upper frame 5a beam supporting first floor of basement frame 5b Floor of the first floor of the underground building 6 Recessed part 7 Beam bottom formwork 8 Leveling concrete 9 Side formwork 10 Foundation beam 10A Upper part of foundation beam 10B Lower part of foundation beam 10C Middle part of foundation beam 11a ₁ Upper beam main reinforcement 11a ₂ Lower beam main reinforcement 11b ₁ Upper longitudinal ribs 11b ₂ Upper horizontal ribs, 11b ₃ Lower ribs 14 11b ₄ Middle longitudinal ribs, 11c Auxiliary ribs 11d 12 Formwork 13 Discarded concrete 14 Pressure resistant board 14a Reinforcement 15 Formwork 16 Floor plate 17a Steel 18 Underground Floor on the second floor of the building G Ground SC Slide crane

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshitaka Tsune 8-21-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan Inside the Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Main Store (72) Inventor Tetsuo Kimura 8-2-1-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Main Store (72) Inventor Shigeshi Hayashi 8-21-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Stock Company Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Main Store (56) References JP-A-4-319121 (JP, A) JP-A-7-71048 (JP, A) JP-A-6-173283 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 29/045-29/055

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A foundation pillar is constructed deep in a column formation position of an underground skeleton, and a steel frame, a steel reinforced concrete structure or a reinforced concrete structure is erected at the core of the foundation pillar, and a ground at a location where the underground skeleton is formed. In the underground building construction method of sequentially excavating and constructing the beam and floor above the underground skeleton sequentially from the upper beam and floor to the lower beam and floor, the upper part of the foundation beam is constructed, A method for constructing an underground skeleton, comprising digging the ground, laying the floor, constructing a portion other than the upper portion of the pressure plate and the foundation beam on the laid floor, and constructing the floor on the foundation beam. 2. A base pillar is built deep in a column forming position of an underground skeleton, and a steel frame, a steel reinforced concrete structure, or a reinforced concrete structure is erected at the core of the base pedestal. In the underground building construction method of sequentially excavating and constructing the beam and floor above the underground skeleton sequentially from the upper beam and floor to the lower beam and floor, the upper part of the foundation beam is constructed, Excavate the ground, attach it to the floor, build the lower part of the foundation beam and the pressure plate together on the ground with the floor, build the middle part of the foundation beam integrally with the lower part and upper part of the foundation beam, and place it on the foundation beam A method of constructing an underground skeleton, characterized by constructing a floor.