JP2655197B2 - Culture medium for fungi - Google Patents
Culture medium for fungiInfo
- Publication number
- JP2655197B2 JP2655197B2 JP2119271A JP11927190A JP2655197B2 JP 2655197 B2 JP2655197 B2 JP 2655197B2 JP 2119271 A JP2119271 A JP 2119271A JP 11927190 A JP11927190 A JP 11927190A JP 2655197 B2 JP2655197 B2 JP 2655197B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- medium
- bread
- rice bran
- fungi
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は菌蕈類用培地に関するものであり、更に詳細
には窒素源として小麦粉を主原料とした多孔質な組織を
有する焼成物を使用した菌蕈類の人工培地に関するもの
である。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a medium for fungi, and more particularly, to a fired product having a porous structure using wheat flour as a main material as a nitrogen source. The present invention relates to an artificial culture medium for selected fungi.
［従来の技術］ 従来、キノコ栽培においては原木栽培が主流であった
が、近年オガクズを用いる人工培地栽培が盛んに行なわ
れるようになってきた。また、人工培地栽培できるキノ
コも、ナメコ、ヒラタケ、エノキタケ、マイタケ、シイ
タケ、クリタケなど、その種類も次第に増えてきてい
る。一方、年々異常気象の発生頻度が増加してきてお
り、さらには都市開発等による自然破壊が進んできてお
り、原木栽培では安定したキノコの供給は望めず、屋内
での人工環境によるキノコ栽培の必要性が益々大きくな
ってくるものと考えられる。現在、人工培地栽培で用い
られる培地は、主にオガクズと米ヌカであり、オガクズ
は炭素源として、米ヌカは窒素源として利用されてい
る。米ヌカに含まれる栄養分としては、タンパク質のほ
か、無機塩類やビタミン類があり、現時点では米ヌカが
最も優れた窒素源と言われている。しかしはがら、米ヌ
カは含有成分が変化し易く、不安定であるので保存管理
に神経を使わなければならない。また、米ヌカとともに
窒素源としてよく使用されるものにフスマがあるが、こ
れも米ヌカと同様のことが言える。[Prior Art] Conventionally, in the mushroom cultivation, log cultivation has been the mainstream, but in recent years, artificial medium cultivation using sawdust has been actively performed. In addition, the types of mushrooms that can be cultivated on an artificial medium, such as nameko, oyster mushroom, enokitake, maitake, shiitake, and mushroom, are gradually increasing. On the other hand, the frequency of abnormal weather has been increasing year by year, and natural destruction has been progressing due to urban development and so on. It is thought that gender is getting larger. At present, culture media used in artificial culture are mainly sawdust and rice bran, and sawdust is used as a carbon source and rice bran is used as a nitrogen source. Nutrients contained in rice bran include proteins, inorganic salts and vitamins in addition to protein. At present, rice bran is said to be the best nitrogen source. Nevertheless, rice bran must be used with care for preservation and management because its constituents are easy to change and unstable. In addition, bran is commonly used as a nitrogen source together with rice bran, which can be said to be the same as rice bran.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ 従って、本発明は米ヌカやフスマに代わり、比較的安
定で充分な供給があり、しかもキノコ菌糸の成長をより
促進する窒素源を含有する菌蕈類用培地を提供すること
を目的とする。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Accordingly, the present invention provides a medium for fungi such as rice bran and bran, which has a relatively stable and sufficient supply, and further contains a nitrogen source for promoting the growth of mushroom hyphae. The purpose is to provide.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明は、キノコの人工培地の窒素源として食パンを
使用すると、米ヌカやフスマのときよりもキノコ菌糸の
成長が速くなるという知見に基いてなされたものであ
る。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made based on the finding that the use of bread as a nitrogen source in an artificial culture medium for mushrooms results in faster growth of mushroom hyphae than that of rice bran or bran. is there.
即ち、本発明は小麦粉を主原料とした多孔質な組織を
有する焼成物を含有することを特徴とする菌蕈類用培地
を提供する。That is, the present invention provides a culture medium for fungi, which comprises a calcined product having a porous structure using wheat flour as a main raw material.
本発明における培地組成は、窒素源を除いては一般の
キノコのオガクズ栽培に見られるものと同様のものであ
る。即ち、窒素源である小麦粉を主原料とした多孔質な
組織を有する焼成物、炭素源であるブナ、スギなどのオ
ガクズ、および水を含む。尚、所望により、上記焼成物
重量の2/3以下の量で米ヌカ、フスマなどの通常の窒素
源を共存させることができるが、共存させる量としては
少なければ少ないほどよく、好ましくは共存させないの
がよい。The medium composition in the present invention is similar to that found in general sawdust cultivation of mushrooms except for the nitrogen source. That is, it includes a fired product having a porous structure mainly composed of wheat flour as a nitrogen source, sawdust such as beech and cedar as a carbon source, and water. Incidentally, if desired, a normal nitrogen source such as rice bran and bran can be allowed to coexist in an amount of 2/3 or less of the calcined product weight, but the coexistence amount is preferably as small as possible, and preferably not. Is good.
小麦粉を主原料とした多孔質な組織を有する焼成物と
しては、食パン、フランスパンなどのパン類、またはカ
ステラなどが例示される。（以下、小麦粉を主原料とし
た多孔質な組織を有する焼成物のことを本発明の焼成物
という。） 本発明の焼成物はキノコの種類による特性に応じて、
粉末にしたり、角切にしたりして使用することができ
る。オガクズは市販されているものをそのまま使用する
ことができるが、大きさ10メッシュパス〜32メッチュオ
ンのものがよい。Examples of the baked product having a porous structure using wheat flour as a main raw material include breads such as bread, French bread, and castella. (Hereinafter, a fired product having a porous structure using wheat flour as a main raw material is referred to as a fired product of the present invention.) The fired product of the present invention is prepared according to characteristics depending on the type of mushroom.
It can be powdered or cut into squares. As the sawdust, commercially available sawdust can be used as it is, but a sawdust having a size of 10 mesh pass to 32 metchuons is preferable.
本発明においては、本発明の焼成物とオガクズとの配
合割合は特に限定されるものではないが、体積比で1/2
〜1/6、好ましくは1/3〜1/4になるように混合したもの
がよい。次に、この混合物に水を添加して水分含有量
を、例えば、62〜68重量％になるように調製するのがよ
い。次いで、調製した培地PP（ポリプロピレン）ビンな
どの一般に使用されている容器に、密度が、例えば、0.
6〜0.7g/cm2になるように充填する。次に、オートクレ
ーブなどで100〜121℃で15〜60分間加熱殺菌する。次い
で、予め近似の培地で培養した菌を上記培地に植菌し、
暗所で20〜27℃で培養する。In the present invention, the mixing ratio of the baked product of the present invention and sawdust is not particularly limited, but the volume ratio is 1/2.
The mixture is preferably 1/6 to 1/6, preferably 1/3 to 1/4. Next, water is preferably added to the mixture to adjust the water content to, for example, 62 to 68% by weight. Then, the density is placed in a commonly used container such as a prepared medium PP (polypropylene) bottle, for example, at 0.
Fill to 6 to 0.7 g / cm 2 . Next, heat sterilization is performed at 100 to 121 ° C. for 15 to 60 minutes in an autoclave or the like. Next, inoculate bacteria previously cultured in an approximate medium into the above medium,
Incubate at 20-27 ° C in the dark.
本発明の培地で培養する木材腐朽菌として、シイタケ
などのLentinus属、マイタケなどのGrifola属、および
カンゾウタケなどのFistulina属のキノが例示される。Examples of wood-rot fungi cultured in the medium of the present invention include Lentinus genus such as Shiitake, Grifola genus such as Maitake, and Fistulina quino such as Licorice.
［発明の効果］ 本発明によれば、窒素源に米ヌカやフスマを使用した
ときに比べてキノコの菌糸成長が速くなる培地を提供す
ることができる。[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a medium in which the growth of mycelia of mushrooms is faster than when using rice bran or bran as a nitrogen source.
次に実施例により本発明を説明する。 Next, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
［実施例］ 実施例１ （培地組成） 炭素源 ブナのオガクズ 窒素源 A.11メッシュパスの食パン B.5mm角切食パン C.11メッシュパスの食パン＋米ヌカ D.5mm角切食パン＋米ヌカ E.米ヌカ（コントロール） ＊食パン：米ヌカ＝1:1（重量比） ＊11メッシュパスの食パン…耳を取除いた食パンを乾燥
させ粉末状にして、11メッシュのフルイに通したもの。[Examples] Example 1 (Medium composition) Carbon source Beech sawdust Nitrogen source A.11 mesh pass bread B.5 mm square cut bread C.11 mesh pass bread + rice bran D.5 mm square cut bread + rice bran Rice bran (control) * Bread: rice bran = 1: 1 (weight ratio) * 11 mesh pass bread: Bread from which ears have been removed is dried, powdered, and passed through an 11 mesh sieve.
＊5mm角切食パン…耳を取除いた食パンを5mm角の大きさ
に切ったもの。* 5mm square sliced bread: A slice of bread with ears removed, cut into 5mm square pieces.
以上の５通りの炭素源と窒素源を組合わせ培地材料を
用意した。これらの５通りの組合わせ培地材料をそれぞ
れ炭素源：窒素源＝3:1（体積比）となるようにして均
一混合したものを、植物培養試験管（内径22mm、高さ15
0mm）に充填し、これに水を加えて水分68重量％、密度
0.7g/cm3になるように調製した。このときの培地の高さ
は９〜10cmであった。次に、この試験管をオートクレー
ブを用いて121℃で15分間加熱殺菌した。冷却後、寒天
培養したシイタケの菌糸の小片を培地表面に植菌した。
次に、これを25℃の保温器に入れて暗所で培養した。A medium material was prepared by combining the above five carbon sources and nitrogen sources. These five types of combined medium materials were uniformly mixed in a carbon source: nitrogen source = 3: 1 (volume ratio), and the mixture was mixed into a plant culture test tube (inner diameter 22 mm, height 15 mm).
0mm), and water is added to this to add 68% by weight of water and density
It was prepared to be 0.7 g / cm 3 . At this time, the height of the medium was 9 to 10 cm. Next, the test tube was sterilized by heating at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes using an autoclave. After cooling, a small piece of shiitake mushrooms cultured on agar was inoculated on the surface of the medium.
Next, this was placed in a 25 ° C. incubator and cultured in a dark place.
このときのシイタケの菌糸成長（蔓延）度合を表−１
に示す。尚、成長度合は培地の高さをａ、植菌面（表
面）から菌糸の先端までの距離をｂとしたとき、（b/
a）×100から求めた。Table 1 shows the degree of mycelial growth (infestation) of shiitake mushrooms at this time.
Shown in The growth rate was defined as (a / b) where a is the height of the medium and b is the distance from the inoculated surface (surface) to the tip of the hypha.
a) Calculated from x100.
表−１から明らかなように、窒素源として食パンを使
用したもの（Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ）の方が米ヌカのみを使用
したもの（Ｅ）より菌糸の成長度合が大きく、従って、
本発明（Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ）は比較例（Ｅ）よりも菌糸の
成長速度が速いことがわかる。また、食パンのみを使用
したもの（ＡとＢ）の方が食パンに米ヌカを混ぜたもの
を使用したもの（Ｃ、Ｄ）より菌糸の成長度合が大き
く、従って、食パンのみを使用したもの（ＡとＢ）は食
パンに米ヌカを混ぜたものを使用したもの（ＣとＤ）よ
りも菌糸の成長速度が速いこともわかる。 As is clear from Table 1, those using bread as a nitrogen source (A, B, C, D) have a higher degree of mycelial growth than those using only rice bran (E), and
It can be seen that the present invention (A, B, C, D) has a higher hyphal growth rate than the comparative example (E). In addition, the one using only bread (A and B) has a higher degree of mycelial growth than the one using bread mixed with rice bran (C, D), and therefore the one using only bread ( It can also be seen that the growth rates of mycelia in A and B) are faster than those in which bread mixed with rice bran is used (C and D).
Claims (2)
な組織を有する焼成物のみを使用し、且つ水分含量が62
〜68重量％であることを特徴とする菌蕈類用培地。1. A baked product having a porous structure using wheat flour as a main material as a nitrogen source and having a water content of 62
A medium for fungi and squirrels, characterized in that the amount is about 68% by weight.
載の菌蕈類用培地。2. The medium for fungus species according to claim 1, which is used as a medium for wood rot fungi.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2119271A JP2655197B2 (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-05-09 | Culture medium for fungi |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2119271A JP2655197B2 (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-05-09 | Culture medium for fungi |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0416123A JPH0416123A (en) | 1992-01-21 |
| JP2655197B2 true JP2655197B2 (en) | 1997-09-17 |
Family
ID=14757232
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2119271A Expired - Fee Related JP2655197B2 (en) | 1990-05-09 | 1990-05-09 | Culture medium for fungi |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2655197B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202008015493U1 (en) | 2008-11-21 | 2009-02-12 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | folding |
| CN103636406B (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-03-11 | 成都榕珍菌业有限公司 | Method for manufacturing edible fungus spawn by using polyurethane sponge as spawn carriers |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS637721A (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1988-01-13 | 花王株式会社 | Growth promoter of mushrooms |
-
1990
- 1990-05-09 JP JP2119271A patent/JP2655197B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0416123A (en) | 1992-01-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |