JPH09252648A - Spawn culture method and cultivation method for matsutake mashroom - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently spawn-culture matsutake mashrooms and to provide the matsutake mashrooms suitable for plant mass production at a high yield by inoculating matsutake fungi (Tricholoma matsutake) to a culture medium and obtaining source fungi under specified conditions. SOLUTION: Matsutake mashroom fungi are inoculated to the culture medium for which the prescribed amounts of white cray and humus soil are mixed in soil suitable for the culture of the matsutake mashrooms such as mountain soil and the soil of a pine grove or the like, further added with nitrogen source, vitamins, minerals and sugars, etc., and a sterilization processing is performed, an indoor temperature is held at 15-25 deg.C and culture is performed until the culture medium is covered with white hyphae. The culture is performed further at the indoor temperature higher than before by 2-6 deg.C while it is lower than 28 deg.C. At the point of time when the color of the culture medium is turned from yellow to light brown and a pellicle is formed, the pellicle and the part of a prescribed thickness from the surface of the entire culture medium are removed, a center part is taken out, the source fungi of the matsutake mashrooms are obtained and the spawn culture of the matsutake mashrooms is performed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating pine mushrooms and a method for artificially cultivating matsutake mushrooms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Matsutake mushrooms are desired to be mass-produced by artificial cultivation due to their excellent flavor, and various proposals have been made (Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-5164, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 47164).
-18639, JP-A-55-104825, JP-B-58-7251, JP-B-61-100
No. 505, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-73416, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
No. 46669, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-95855, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-101971, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-24506, etc.), and there are still no cases where they are said to have been completely successful as being suitable for mass production.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to achieve a method of artificially cultivating matsutake mushrooms that is easy to culture and can be mass-produced.
After many years of research and experiment, the inoculum artificial culture method and artificial cultivation method of Matsutake mushroom could be achieved here.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, in the method of cultivating matsutake mushroom inoculum according to the present invention, the medium is inoculated with matsutake mushroom and the room temperature is kept at 15 to 25 ° C. to cover the medium with white hyphae. Culture (preferably thereafter, the room temperature is about 2 ° C. to 6 ° C. higher than the room temperature but lower than 28 ° C.), and the surface color of the medium changes from yellow to light brown to form a film. At the time of formation, the film and a portion of the entire surface of the entire culture medium having the required thickness are cut off and the central portion is taken out to form the original fungus of Matsutake mushroom. In addition, the temperature range of 5 ° C. to 25 ° C. was set in the initial culture of the inoculation of Matsutake fungi, because the growth of hyphae was remarkably poor at 15 ° C. or lower, and the growth of hyphae was inhibited at 25 ° C. or higher. This is because there is a risk. Further, by increasing the room temperature after the medium is covered with white hyphae by about 2 ° C to 6 ° C, the growth of hyphae is promoted and the productivity of matsutake fungi is improved. However, when the temperature is 29 ° C to 30 ° C or higher, mycelial growth is inhibited.

Therefore, preferably, a suitable amount of soil such as forest or pine forest soil for cultivating pine mushrooms is mixed with a required amount of commercially available clay or mullet for home gardening, and this is mixed with a nitrogen source, vitamins, minerals, Put it in a poly container such as a plastic bag containing sugar and seal it, and sterilize it under normal pressure to make a medium,
After inoculating the medium with Matsutake mushrooms and maintaining the room temperature at 15 ° C to 25 ° C (preferably 18 ° C to 20 ° C) and culturing until the medium is covered with white hyphae, the room temperature is changed to the room temperature. Higher than about 2 ° C to about 6 ° C but lower than 28 ° C (preferably 20 ° C to 25 ° C),
When the entire medium becomes hard and the surface color changes from yellow to light brown, the medium is taken out from the plastic container when the film is formed, and the entire surface of the film and the entire medium has a required thickness of 2 cm or more (preferably a part). (25-35 mm portion) is cut out and removed, and the central portion is taken out to form the original fungus of matsutake mushroom. The pH of the medium before "put it in the poly container" is adjusted.
It is preferable to add 5.0 to 6.0 of acidic water. In the present invention, it is an important container to remove the film and the surface portion in contact with the film, by which, from the culture medium surface, a large number of pine mushroom primordia are confirmed by the present inventor, and further, By removing a portion having a required thickness, preferably 2 cm or more, from the surface of the culture medium, a matsutake mushroom having a size of not less than a predetermined value (total length of 5 cm or more) having commercial value can be obtained.

The method for cultivating matsutake mushrooms in the present invention is as follows: inoculate the medium with matsutake mushrooms, maintain the room temperature at 15 ° C to 25 ° C, and culture until the medium is covered with white hyphae (preferably after that). , The room temperature is higher than the room temperature by about 2 ° C. to 6 ° C. but lower than 28 ° C.) When the color of the surface of the medium changes from yellow to light brown and a film is formed, The entire surface of the entire medium is cut off to remove a portion having a required thickness, the central portion is cut out, transferred to a predetermined container, and cultured for a required number of days.

[0007] Therefore, preferably, a suitable amount of clay or mullet is mixed with a soil suitable for cultivating pine mushrooms such as mountain soil or pine forest soil, and a nitrogen source, vitamins, minerals, sugars, etc. are added thereto. Put it in a plastic container such as a plastic bag, seal it, and sterilize it under atmospheric pressure to form a medium, and inoculate the medium with matsutake fungi to bring the room temperature to 15 ° C to 25 ° C (preferably 18 ° C).
~ 20 ° C) and culturing until the medium is covered with white hyphae, the room temperature is about 2 ° C to 6 ° C higher than the room temperature but lower than 28 ° C (preferably, 20 ° C. to 25 ° C.), the entire medium becomes hard and the surface color changes from yellow to light brown, and when the film is formed, it is taken out from the plastic container and the thickness of the entire surface of the film and the entire medium is 2 cm. The above required thickness portion (preferably a portion of 25 to 35 mm) is cut and removed, the central portion is taken out, and the indoor temperature is kept at 19 ° C for a required number of days in a closed container.
After culturing at ˜28 ° C. (preferably 20 ° C. to 25 ° C.), it is opened in a closed container, the medium containing the mycelial mass therein is taken out, transferred to a required container (container), and aerated such as pine needles. Cover with a large amount of water and sprinkle a small amount of water to prevent drying, and keep the room temperature at 12 ° C to 20 ° C (preferably 15 ° C to
18 ° C.) and the humidity is adjusted to 70 to 95% and culturing is carried out for the required number of days, so that wart-shaped mycelial masses are generated from the upper part of the medium to obtain pine mushroom primordia. It is preferable to add acidic water having a pH of 5.0 to 6.0 to the medium before the above-mentioned "put in a plastic container".

When inoculating matsutake fungus into the medium, the mouth of the plastic container containing the medium is opened and matsutake bacterium is inoculated into the upper part of the medium. This operation is performed in a sterile room. After inoculation, the mouth of the plastic container is closed in the sterile room, and the room temperature is kept at 15 ° C to 24 ° C (preferably 18 ° C to
This is followed by the process of culturing while maintaining the temperature at 20 ° C.

At the time when the whole medium becomes hard due to the growth of hyphae and the surface color changes from yellow to light brown, and a film is formed, the thickness of the entire film and the entire surface of the medium is 2
A portion having a required thickness of cm or more (preferably a thickness of 25 to 3).
The step of cutting out and removing the central portion (5 mm portion) is performed in a sterile room, and the central portion is stored in a polybin container to be used as the original fungus of Matsutake mushrooms. Next, another polybin container is prepared in a required number, for example, about 30, and a mass of inoculum can be produced by crushing the lump of the original bacterium, inoculating each bottle container and culturing.

As described above, wart-shaped mycelial masses are generated from the upper part of the medium to obtain matsutake mushroom primordium. From this matsutake mushroom primordium, vigorous ones grow and the umbrella part turns brown. The stem part also extends to 2-3 cm and a pine mushroom fruiting body is formed.

[0011]

In accordance with the present invention, as described above, the inoculum of matsutake mushroom is artificially cultured, and the matsutake mushroom is obtained by artificial cultivation. If you install an air-conditioning system in the room for cultivating matsutake mushrooms and prepare a sterile room, you can cultivate matsutake mushrooms regardless of the time of year.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 0.8 kg of pine forest soil that has been sifted through a sieve having a grid of 2 to 3 mm, 0.6 kg of white clay (commercially available as Tomiyama Horticultural), and 0.2 k of mullet soil.
g, gravel (diameter 2-3 mm) 0.2 kg, bark compost 0.1 kg, peat moss 0.1 kg, a total of 2 kg was put in a plastic container, sterilized at high temperature and normal pressure, and then cooled to be a medium. . Separately, as nutrition, Hyponex (trade name, manufactured by Murakami Bussan Co., Ltd.,
The composition is shown in Table 1) 1 liter of dilute stock solution 100 times, 2 g of calcium salt (CaCl ₂ .2H ₂ O, manufacturer Katayama Chemical Co., Ltd.), 50 g of corn powder as sugar, 10 g of bone powder, trace elements As Ebios (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Breweries, Ltd., main components are shown in Table 2)
The nutrient solution obtained by mixing 5 g was added to the sterilized medium, 0.5 liter of an acidic solution having a pH of 5.0 to 6.0 was further added, and the mixture was placed in a rectangular plastic container with a lid and sterilized at a high temperature and then at room temperature. Cooled down. The upper part of this medium was inoculated with Matsutake fungi grown in an agar medium containing liquid glucose as a nutrient in a sterile room, the lid was closed, and the room temperature was kept between 18 ° C and 20 ° C.
The temperature was adjusted to ° C and the cells were cultured.

[0013]

[Table 1]

[0014]

[Table 2]

After 30 to 40 days, when the whole medium was covered with white hyphae, the room temperature was raised by about 4 ° C., the room temperature was adjusted to 22 ° C. to 24 ° C., and the cells were further cultured for 20 to 30 days. A relatively hard film of yellow to light brown was formed on the surface of. Here, the lid of the plastic container was removed, and a portion having a thickness of about 3 cm was removed from the entire surface of the entire medium together with the film, and the central portion was taken out to obtain a matsutake mushroom inoculum.

This inoculum is transferred to a container, covered with an air-permeable material such as pine needles, and sprinkled with water, and the room temperature is 12 ° C to
When the temperature was adjusted to 20 ° C. and the indoor humidity was adjusted to about 70 to 95%, and the mixture was allowed to stand for about 1 week, a large number of white wart-shaped Matsutake primordia were generated on the surface of the medium. Furthermore, after 15 to 20 days, several pieces of this matsutake mushroom base grow vigorously, the head portion (bulb portion) turns brown, the diameter of the bulk portion is about 2 to 3 cm, and the length of the stem portion is about 5 I was able to get ~ 7 cm of matsutake mushroom.

[0017]

As described above, the present invention makes it possible to obtain a high yield of pine mushrooms. According to the present invention, by preparing an air-conditioning facility and a sterile room in a mushroom cultivation room, it is possible to perform year-round cultivation, daily mushroom harvesting is possible, and it is a great feature that it is suitable for mass production in factories. .

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. The medium is inoculated with matsutake mushroom and the room temperature is 15 ° C.
The culture is kept at -25 ° C until the medium is covered with white hyphae, and when the color of the medium changes from yellow to light brown and a film is formed, the film and a part of the required thickness on the surface of the whole medium are A method for cultivating an inoculum of matsutake mushrooms, which comprises removing the center portion and taking out the center to form the original fungus of the matsutake mushrooms. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the medium is covered with white hyphae, the room temperature is increased by about 2 ° C. to 6 ° C. higher than before but lower than 28 ° C., and further cultured. Inoculum culture method. 3. A soil suitable for cultivating matsutake mushrooms such as mountain soil and pine forest soil, and a required amount of white clay and mulch soil mixed and sterilized by adding a nitrogen source, vitamins, minerals, sugars and the like. Is used as a medium, and the medium is inoculated with matsutake fungus, and the room temperature is kept at 15 ° C to 25 ° C until the medium is covered with white hyphae. Then, the room temperature is about 2 ° C to the room temperature. 6 ° C higher but no lower than 28 ° C,
When the entire medium becomes hard and the surface color changes from yellow to light brown, and at the time when the film is formed, the film and the entire surface of the entire medium with a required thickness of 2 cm or more are cut off and removed. A method for cultivating an inoculum of matsutake mushrooms, which comprises taking out a portion and forming the bacterium with the original bacterium of matsutake mushrooms. 4. The medium is inoculated with matsutake mushroom and the room temperature is 15 ° C.
The medium is incubated at -25 ° C until the medium is covered with white hyphae, and when the surface color of the medium changes from yellow to light brown to form a film, the required thickness of the film and the entire surface of the medium is reached. The method for cultivating matsutake mushrooms is characterized in that the part of (1) is removed, the central part is taken out, transferred to a predetermined container, and further cultivated for the required number of days. 5. The method for cultivating matsutake mushroom according to claim 4, wherein after the medium is covered with white hyphae, the room temperature is further increased by about 2 ° C. to 6 ° C., but lower than 28 ° C., and further cultivated. . 6. A soil suitable for cultivating pine mushrooms, such as mountain soil or pine forest soil, mixed with a required amount of clay or mullet and sterilized by adding a nitrogen source, vitamins, minerals, sugars, etc. Is used as a medium, and the medium is inoculated with matsutake fungus, and the room temperature is kept at 15 ° C to 25 ° C until the medium is covered with white hyphae. Then, the room temperature is about 2 ° C to the room temperature. 6 ° C higher but no lower than 28 ° C,
When the entire medium becomes hard and the surface color changes from yellow to light brown, and at the time when the film is formed, the film and the entire surface of the entire medium having a required thickness of 2 cm or more are cut off and removed. After taking out the center part and culturing while keeping the room temperature at 19 ° C to 28 ° C for a required number of days in the container, the medium containing the mycelium in the container is taken out and transferred to a required container (container) and covered with a breathable cover. The room temperature is adjusted to 12 to 20 ° C., the humidity is adjusted to 70 to 95%, and cultivated for the required number of days to produce wart-shaped mycelial masses from the upper part of the medium to obtain matsutake mushroom primordia. Method of cultivating Matsutake mushrooms. 7. The inoculum of Matsutake mushroom according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the room temperature when inoculating the culture medium with Matsutake mushroom is 18 ° C. to 20 ° C. Culture method. 8. The room temperature at the time of culturing the medium after the medium is covered with white hyphae until the medium is hardened and the surface color is changed from yellow to light brown.
The method for cultivating inoculum of matsutake mushroom according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the temperature is 5 ° C. 9. Cultivation of matsutake mushrooms according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the room temperature when the medium is inoculated with Matsutake mushrooms and cultured is 18 ° C to 20 ° C. Method. 10. The room temperature for culturing the medium as described above after the medium is covered with white hyphae until the medium as a whole becomes solid and the surface color changes from yellow to light brown.
The method for cultivating matsutake mushrooms according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the temperature is 25 ° C. 11. The medium as described above, wherein the entire medium becomes hard and the surface color changes from yellow to light brown, and when the film is formed, the film and a portion having a required thickness on the entire surface of the entire medium are cut off and removed. The method for cultivating matsutake mushrooms according to claim 4 or 5 or 6, characterized in that the room temperature is 20 ° C to 25 ° C when the center part is taken out and cultivated for a required number of days in a closed container. 12. The above-mentioned culture medium containing mycelium in the container is taken out, transferred to a required container, covered with an air-permeable material, sprinkled with a small amount of water to prevent drying, and the room temperature at the time of culturing for a required number of days is set to 15 The method for cultivating matsutake mushrooms according to claim 6, wherein the temperature is 18 ° C to 18 ° C. 13. The above-mentioned soil suitable for cultivating pine mushrooms such as mountain soil and pine forest soil, in which a required amount of white clay and mulch soil is mixed, and a nitrogen source, vitamins, minerals, sugars, etc. are added to the soil. The method for cultivating inoculum of matsutake mushroom according to claim 3, further comprising adding acidic water having a pH of 5.0 to 6.0, filling in a plastic container and sterilizing under normal pressure. 14. The above-mentioned soil suitable for cultivating pine mushrooms such as mountain soil and pine forest soil, and a required amount of white clay and mulch mixed in, and containing a nitrogen source, vitamins, minerals, sugar and the like. The method for cultivating matsutake mushroom according to claim 6, further comprising adding acidic water having a pH of 5.0 to 6.0, filling the container with a plastic container, and sterilizing under normal pressure. 15. When the whole medium becomes hard and the color of its surface changes from yellow to light brown to form a film, a portion of the entire surface of the whole medium having a required thickness is cut off to remove the central part. The method for cultivating an inoculum of matsutake mushroom according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the thickness cut out from the entire surface upon taking out is 25 to 35 mm. 16. When the entire medium is hardened and the surface color is changed from yellow to light brown, and a film is formed, a portion having the required thickness on the entire surface of the entire medium is cut off to remove the central portion. The method for cultivating matsutake mushrooms according to claim 4 or 5 or 6, characterized in that the thickness cut out from the entire surface is 25 to 35 mm upon taking out.