JP2554617B2 - 電気器具 - Google Patents
電気器具Info
- Publication number
- JP2554617B2 JP2554617B2 JP60204181A JP20418185A JP2554617B2 JP 2554617 B2 JP2554617 B2 JP 2554617B2 JP 60204181 A JP60204181 A JP 60204181A JP 20418185 A JP20418185 A JP 20418185A JP 2554617 B2 JP2554617 B2 JP 2554617B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- conductive material
- resistivity
- conductive
- contact layer
- resistive element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 93
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001780 ECTFE Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006370 Kynar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005311 Pandanus odoratissimus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002390 Pandanus odoratissimus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013464 silicone adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
- H01C7/027—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient consisting of conducting or semi-conducting material dispersed in a non-conductive organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/006—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using interdigitated electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Non-Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
- Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US65092084A | 1984-09-14 | 1984-09-14 | |
US650920 | 1984-09-14 | ||
US66301484A | 1984-10-19 | 1984-10-19 | |
US663014 | 1984-10-19 | ||
US73540885A | 1985-05-17 | 1985-05-17 | |
US735408 | 1985-05-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6199292A JPS6199292A (ja) | 1986-05-17 |
JP2554617B2 true JP2554617B2 (ja) | 1996-11-13 |
Family
ID=27417856
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP60204181A Expired - Lifetime JP2554617B2 (ja) | 1984-09-14 | 1985-09-13 | 電気器具 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP0176284B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2554617B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE74480T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE3586994T2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3686296T2 (de) * | 1985-05-17 | 1992-12-17 | Raychem Corp | Folienheizelemente. |
US4882466A (en) * | 1988-05-03 | 1989-11-21 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices comprising conductive polymers |
FR2694472B1 (fr) * | 1992-07-29 | 1994-09-09 | Greninguey Bernard | Outil chauffant en matériaux composites. |
JPH08802U (ja) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-05-21 | 八鹿鉄工株式会社 | 普通型コンバインのセカンドモア |
EP1698372B1 (de) | 2003-10-24 | 2009-11-25 | Lonza Cologne AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrisch kontaktierbaren Bereichs auf einem dotierten Polymer und nach dem Verfahren herstellbare Elektroden |
IT201700048690A1 (it) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-05 | Eltek Spa | Dispositivo riscaldatore elettrico, particolarmente ad effetto ptc |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB838478A (en) * | 1958-07-14 | 1960-06-22 | Sierracin Corp | Improvements in electrically conductive optical articles, particularly connections therefor |
US3299253A (en) * | 1963-10-30 | 1967-01-17 | Sierracin Corp | Warming device |
US3287684A (en) * | 1964-02-27 | 1966-11-22 | Motson Services Inc | Electrical heating device |
DE2160358A1 (de) * | 1971-12-06 | 1973-06-14 | Manfred Schrauder | Drahtlose direktheizplatte |
JPS5110892B2 (de) * | 1972-04-06 | 1976-04-07 | ||
JPS5148843A (de) * | 1974-10-23 | 1976-04-27 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | |
US4421582A (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1983-12-20 | Raychem Corporation | Self-heating article with deformable electrodes |
JPS55122381A (en) * | 1979-03-15 | 1980-09-20 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Method of forming electrode |
FR2456453A1 (fr) * | 1979-05-10 | 1980-12-05 | Sunbeam Corp | Element chauffant flexible et son procede de fabrication |
US4323726A (en) * | 1980-07-24 | 1982-04-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Electrical bus bar assembly |
-
1985
- 1985-09-12 EP EP85306477A patent/EP0176284B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-09-12 DE DE8888115948T patent/DE3586994T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-09-12 EP EP88115948A patent/EP0307007B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-09-12 AT AT85306477T patent/ATE74480T1/de active
- 1985-09-12 DE DE8585306477T patent/DE3585761D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-09-13 JP JP60204181A patent/JP2554617B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3586994D1 (de) | 1993-02-25 |
EP0176284A1 (de) | 1986-04-02 |
DE3585761D1 (de) | 1992-05-07 |
DE3586994T2 (de) | 1993-08-19 |
ATE74480T1 (de) | 1992-04-15 |
EP0307007A3 (en) | 1989-04-12 |
EP0307007A2 (de) | 1989-03-15 |
JPS6199292A (ja) | 1986-05-17 |
EP0307007B1 (de) | 1993-01-13 |
EP0176284B1 (de) | 1992-04-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |