JP2551670B2 - 骨関節を結合するためのvねじ結合バスケツト - Google Patents
骨関節を結合するためのvねじ結合バスケツトInfo
- Publication number
- JP2551670B2 JP2551670B2 JP1268847A JP26884789A JP2551670B2 JP 2551670 B2 JP2551670 B2 JP 2551670B2 JP 1268847 A JP1268847 A JP 1268847A JP 26884789 A JP26884789 A JP 26884789A JP 2551670 B2 JP2551670 B2 JP 2551670B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cage
- bone
- cavity
- bone growth
- turns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
-
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/1662—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
- A61B17/1671—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the spine
-
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- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
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-
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/30744—End caps, e.g. for closing an endoprosthetic cavity
-
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
- A61F2/446—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or elliptical cross-section substantially parallel to the axis of the spine, e.g. cylinders or frustocones
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- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Display Racks (AREA)
Description
の隣接骨構造を結合するための方法および装置に関す
る。
わち椎骨間の靭帯クツシヨンには有痛性の退化が生じ
る。円板は収縮すると共に平板化し、かつ椎骨体部間の
距離は異状に収縮し始める。続いて漸進的な退化によつ
て機械的不安定が生じ、これは隣接する椎骨の間に疼痛
を伴う転位を発生させる。この運動に起因する疼痛は多
くの場合体力を消耗せしめ、分節運動を行い得ないよう
にする。転移を停止せしめかつ疼痛を無くするには現在
のところ固定結合以外の手段はない。
る固形質を得るための効果的な結合には、骨を連続的に
生長させる必要があると言うことである。これ以外の方
法では結合による疼痛の軽減、椎骨間の高さの維持およ
び分節の不動化の目的は達成し得ない。結合骨を最初移
植した時には、この骨は軟らかくかつ移動し易く、凝集
力を有していない。したがつて普通の脊椎の活動状態お
よび日常のストレス下において、分節を静かに保持せん
とする種々の手段が提案されている。たとえば分節の間
に移植骨材料を置き、該材料の外表面を部分的に除去
し、または深く乱刺してこの受容体の側に対する移植片
の内生長を促進させることが行われる。このように位置
決めされた骨移植片は分節を徐々に結合する。しかしな
がらこのような手段は分節の不動性を恒久的に維持する
ことを意味するものではない。このためには骨の内生長
が必要である。
は、骨と装置との間の機械的間隙または転位に起因して
骨と、これに隣接する結合組織として構造的欠陥を発生
させるから結局は失敗に終る。このような欠陥は骨の破
損、消失および吸収、さらには潜在的な虚脱として現れ
る。なお疼痛も次第に耐え難いものとなる。
た腰椎結合の実積はほぼ150,000件となつている。椎間
結合に対しては多くの方法がある。最も高価であつたさ
れるものの成功率はあらゆる場合を通じてほぼ90%に達
する。しかしながらこのような技術のあるもの、特に複
雑な装置を必要とするものはこれを使いこなすことは困
難であり、対象とする骨の近くに位置する神経および血
管組織にとつては危険である。
置は椎骨間の機械的回転中心にある。この中心点は円板
空隙内に位置している。したがつて両受体結合は最も正
確を要し、したがつてまた外科医の間で最も望ましいと
されている方法によらねばならぬ。しかしながら現在行
われている両受体結合は、すべての椎骨結合法の中で最
も危険であるとされているものである。
方が使用される。典型的には両受体の内側に切出された
空洞、すなわち円板間空隙の中に、骨によつて形成され
たプラグ、ドエル(柄)またはセグメントを堅く挿入す
ることが行われる。結合を行う時には骨と骨とが架橋さ
れねばならぬから、接続組織および円板組織を除去する
必要がある。したがつて骨の中に形成する深い切込みが
軟かい格子状構造部分に達し、空隙を通つて発生する骨
の生長を促進するようにせねばならぬ。
する文献には、円形骨移植片を使用する両受体結合が報
告されている。1964年刊行、“臨床整形外科”、第35
巻、69−79頁のB.R.Wiltbergerの論文には、隣接する椎
骨の間の比較的小さな孔の中、後方から骨のドエルを堅
く挿入する椎間体結合法のいくつかが記載されている。
このような方法はドエルに裂開、亀裂または虚脱を発生
させるおそれがある。なお骨は張力を受けて裂開する危
険があり、かつドエルによつて圧縮され、前には開いて
いた孔または血管通路に虚脱が生じるために骨の生長が
普通のように起こらないようになることがある。かくの
如き状態が生じれば、周囲の骨の吸収が遅れ、かつドエ
ルが弛んで押出されると言う新たな危険が発生する。な
おシンシナチの神経外科組合から発行されている2頁の
パンフレツト、“簡単になった後方腰椎両受体結合”に
は、骨のドエルを挿入した後、“とげ状突起の周囲を5m
mのダクロンによつて縫合する”ことが記載されてい
る。
させるための外科処置に関するものであり、この処置
は、人間または動物との関節であつて、相対する隣接骨
面によつて形成され、かつ介在する軟骨によつて被覆さ
れると共に分離され、さらに関節の拡張に対抗する靭帯
によつて囲繞されているような関節に使用し得ることが
記載されている。このような関節の特例としては隣接す
る椎骨の脊椎関節または踝関節がある。この方法は関節
を速やかに安定化し、さらに最終的な骨と骨との結合を
促進するために開発されたものである。移植される組織
は有孔円筒形骨バスケツトの形をなし、関節を形成する
時に発生する骨の破片を満たし得るようになつている。
前記骨の破片は内生的の組織となり、バスケツトの内部
およびその周囲における骨の生長を促進する。
表面の間に位置する介在軟骨を除去する第1段階を有し
ている。次の段階においては隣接骨表面を横切つて横方
向の円筒形孔が開けられる。この円筒形孔の中に、堅い
有孔円筒壁を有する中空バスケツト、すなわちその外径
が前記円筒形孔より直径のわずかに大なるバスケツトを
挿入することによつて直ちに安定化が得られる。このバ
スケツトを移植することによつて骨表面は、周囲靭帯に
よつて与えられる関節拡張抵抗に逆つて拡開される(第
2欄、26−55行)。
は、在来の方法を使用し、円筒形骨移植片を外科的に移
植することによつて頚椎骨を結合する手段が記載されて
いる。移植片には予め滅菌した小さなダイスによつてね
じ山が形成される。ねじの溝は必要なだけ深くすること
ができる。頚椎骨体部はクロワーズ法によつて調製され
る。ドリルにより適当な椎間体部に円筒形ベツドを形成
した後、特にこの目的のために開発された工具により移
植片を定位置にねじ込む(750頁)。第2図はねじ付き
の移植ドエルが平らなドエルに比して接触面積が大であ
り、したがつて圧力および滑動に対する抵抗が大である
ことを表している。
再生されまたは維持されることである。結合材料または
装置を挿入する過程においては正規の椎骨間隔を全体的
にまたは部分的に回復させるには、普通拡張装置が必要
とされる。普通に使用され後方接近法によつて前記の方
法を行う時には、普通椎骨に装着される種々の後方骨部
材、たとえば背側とげ状突起または薄膜の如き部材の間
に種種の拡張部材が挿入される。このような拡張部材を
使用した時には円板空隙に前方傾斜または楔作用が生
じ、これによつて該空隙の後方状態は前方より開きが大
となる。任意の形の骨移植片を、楔作用によつて後方
の、より多く開かれた二つの相対する可動椎骨間の空洞
に挿入すれば、手術後回復期において、相対する椎骨の
前後運動に起因して移植片の後方突進の生じる傾向が大
となる。したがつて移植片の追出しを防止するために
は、前記空洞が平行性を維持しまたはその最後方部分が
わずかに狭くなるようにすることが望ましい。このよう
にすれば空洞の前面に強い靭帯の円板輪が残り、かつ移
植片が前方に向つて腹膜後方の空隙に移動するのが阻止
される。さらに結合部が生長すれば元の脊椎前方弯曲が
回復することが大切であり、これには空洞および両受対
結合部材が、脊椎の正規の解剖学的位置を促進するよう
に、すなわち何れの方向にも空隙の楔作用を発生させな
いように位置決めされることが要求される。
を除去することである。
Bagbyの結合バスケツトの如き孔開けされた円筒であ
り、二つの椎骨の如き隣接する骨組織の中に形成された
孔の中に外科的に挿入し得る結合バスケツトが得られ
る。この結合バスケツトは挿入された後、これに骨の破
片または骨生成物質が詰められ、生きた骨の内生長が促
がされるようになつている。本発明の結合バスケツトが
Bagbyの結合バスケツトと異なる点は、実質的に連続す
るVねじを有し、前記孔の中に相手の雌ねじを形成して
この中にねじ込むようになつていることである。ねじを
組合わせることによつて結合バスケツトは定位置に確実
に装着され、受容体となる骨に裂開または圧縮による萎
縮を発生させるおそれがなくなる。終局的にはねじの谷
部分に設けられた孔を通つて骨の内生長が起こり、これ
によつて二つの骨組織の間に恒久的な結合が生じる。
角をなしているが、その谷は鈍角をなし、すなわち丸味
が付され、相手雌ねじの補合頂部が適当な強度を持ち得
るようになすことである。Vねじの頂角をほぼ60度とし
た時の谷の隅に対する好適な半径は0.35−0.75mmであ
る。Vねじの頂角は90度を越えないようにすべきであ
る。その理由はこの角度が鋭い時にはじめて移植片に対
する骨の接触面が増加し、したがつて内生長の機会も増
加するからである。しかしながら頂角を小さくすればピ
ツチが不当に小となるから、この角度は少なくとも45度
とすべきである。不当に小さなピツチは骨の雌ねじを弱
くし、場合によつてはねじが交差するようになる。
はできるだけ大きくすべきである。結合バスケツトの面
を円筒の内面に投射した時、投射される孔は投射面積の
30−60%、なるべくはほぼ50%となるようにすべきであ
る。各孔の大きさは軸線方向においても横方向において
も少なくとも1mmとし、生の骨の内生長が工合良く行わ
れるようにすべきであり、Vねじの頂角がほぼ60度であ
る時に、孔の寸法が実質的に軸線方向において2mm、横
方向において3mmを越えれば、結合バスケツトは不当に
弱くなる。
プが嵌込まれ、該キヤツプの一つは結合バスケツトが受
容体としての骨の中にねじ込まれる前に定位置に置か
れ、したがつてこのキヤツプの最大直径は結合バスケツ
トのVねじの小直径を越えないようにすべきである。こ
の第1端部キヤツプは骨生成物質を結合バスケツトに詰
めた時にこれを保持するためのものである。次に結合バ
スケツトの開放端が第2端部キヤツプによつて閉鎖さ
れ、骨の破片が定位置に確実に保持されるようにする。
これら端部キヤツプは孔開けすることができるが、なる
べくは結合バスケツトの孔と実質的に同様なものとさ
れ、骨または他の組織が端部キヤツプを通つて内生長を
行い得るようにされる。しかしながら端部キヤツプは絶
対的に必要なものではなく、もし使用する時には結合バ
スケツト自体には必要としないまでも、この端部キヤツ
プは生物分解性のある材料によつて形成される。
るステンレス鋼によつて形成することが望ましい。チタ
ンおよびセラミツクも有用であり、同様に超高力重合体
またはその合成物および超高密度ポリエチレン、ガラス
または黒鉛の如き高力繊維も使用することができる。非
金属合成物はひずみを発生させることなくX線または磁
気線を透す性能があり、したがつて金属性の結合バスケ
ツトに比して像走査の可能性を高める。この結合バスケ
ツトは、骨の内生長が完了した時は不要となるから、生
物分解性を有するものとなすことができる。結合バスケ
ツトが生物分解性を有するものでなければ、内生長が行
われた後においても、在来堅い結合を促進するために使
用されていた多くの型の金属製支持体または装置が除去
の必要があつたのとは異なり、恒久的にその位置にとど
まるようになすことができる。
白、骨生長要素または軟骨賦活要素の如き骨賦活物質を
含む、あるいは含まない骨代替物質または合成材料とが
ある。骨生長物質と混合する代りに新規な結合バスケツ
トを、たとえばワツクス内においてマイクロカプセル化
した後に骨賦活物質によつて被覆するようになすことが
できる。結合バスケツトを有機材料によつて形成する時
には、これを結合バスケツトに形成する前に骨賦活物質
が添加される。
異なる二つの新結合バスケツト、すなわちその一つは外
径が16mmのVねじを有し、他のものは外径が12mmのVね
じを有するバスケツトで足りる。典型的な下方腰椎の前
後寸法はほぼ30mmであるから、結合バスケツトの長さは
なるべくは25mmを越えないようにされるが、少なくとも
この長さは20mmとし、該バスケツトを対として移植した
時に、十分な接触が生じると共に、適当なプラツトホー
ムが形成されるようにする。
は連続するものとし、ねじ孔に挿入する時の強度を高め
ると共に、ねじ込みを容易にするようになつている。V
ねじは1cm当りの巻回数を3−8とすることが望まし
い。巻回比が小なる時は、ねじの深さが不当に大とな
り、格子状構造の骨の中に深く入り過ぎるようになる。
巻回比を大とすれば孔の寸法が不当に制限されるように
なる。
隣接骨組織を結合するために移植することができる。
(a)前記骨組織の中に、その格子状構造部分に達する
雌ねじを有する孔を形成し、(b)剛直な円筒形バスケ
ツトにして、前記雌ねじと組合せ得る、実質的に連続し
た、雄のVねじを有するバスケツトを形成し、(c)該
バスケツトを前記ねじ孔にねじ込み、かつ(d)このバ
スケツトに骨生成物が詰まるようにする。段階(a)に
おいて形成すべき孔が隣接椎骨の間を延びるようになす
時は、前記段階(a)の行われる前に、椎骨を拡開する
追加段階を設け、該椎骨がその平行関係を維持し、結合
バスケツトが円板空隙の相対する側に対として移植され
るようになすことが望ましい。
しい弾性係数を有するものとすべきで、したがつて該バ
スケツトはその長さに沿つて撓曲することができ、その
結果移植片と受容体である骨との間の骨界面におけるス
トレスを最小となすことができる。実質的に弾性係数の
低い結合バスケツトは同じ好適な結果を与えるがその構
造的な強さは適当であるとは言えない。
た速度で手によるねじ立てを行い、骨の焦損を阻止す
る。これによつて骨の孔の縁は新しくなり、孔を形成す
るための穿孔を行う時に骨が焦損したとしても、手によ
つてこの部分をゆつくり切除することができる。ねじ立
てによる方法は、外科医が処置の進行度合を感知し得る
から非常に安全である。
にねじ込むことが望ましく、この場合も外科医は抵抗が
大き過ぎないかどうか、孔のねじ切りを再び行う必要が
ないかどうかを感知することができる。これと反対に骨
のドエルは典型的にはハンマを使用して孔の中に打込ま
れ、かつ嵌合が強過ぎるようになるのを防止するため
に、外科医はハンマの打撃音に耳を傾けて抵抗の度合を
監視する。
規な結合バスケツトを使用する時には、円板空隙の相対
する側に結合バスケツトが対として移植されるようにす
べきである。各結合バスケツトはそのVねじによつて定
位置に保持され、すなわちこのVねじは、間置される椎
骨体の、格子状構造を有する骨の中に貫通した雌ねじに
喰込む。重力、筋引張力および拡張された(または伸張
された)外方円板輪の弾性反跳は共に各結合バスケツト
に力を加える。したがつてこれら結合バスケツトは隣接
椎骨の間で圧縮力により定位置に保持される。
つて結合バスケツトが外れ、それによつて隣接椎骨の後
縁が分離するのを阻止するために、背部突起を相互に結
索しまたは被覆することができる。他の技術としては適
当な刻面ジヤケツトに通したねじによつて撓曲および伸
張運動の双方を制限するようになすことができる。
に、隣接椎骨間の好適な平行姿勢を維持するためにはさ
みジヤツキの形をした新規な両受体拡張装置が開発され
ている。新規な結合バスケツトを移植するために開発さ
れている他の装置は受容体たる骨の孔の中にねじを形成
するためのねじ立て器である。この新規なねじ立て器は
中空の円筒形軸にして、その一端に位置するハンドル
と、他端に形成された雄ねじとを有し、このねじに刃を
形成する少なくとも一つの扇形切欠きの設けられた軸
と、前記孔に摺動自在に嵌合する案内棒にして、前記中
空軸の他端を越えて突出し、かつ中空軸内の扇形切欠き
と連通して、前記刃によつて除去された破片に対する貯
蔵容器となる中央凹所を有し、したがつてこの案内棒を
中空軸から除去することによつて前記破片を除去し得る
ようになつた案内棒とよりなつている。
なるべくはねじが切られ、前記破片を上方に向つて貯蔵
容器の方に搬送するようになつている。
規なねじ立て器を使用する時には、前記中空軸は奇数
の、なるべくは3個の扇形切欠きおよび刃を有するもの
とすべきである。その理由は奇数を採用することによ
り、偶数の場合よりも孔の両側における受容体たる骨の
除去量を等しくなし得るからである。
されており、なおこの図面には本発明によるVねじ結合
バスケツトが二つ示されている。
る。
に隔置された8個の小さな孔11を軸線方向に穿孔するこ
とによつて形成されたもので、各孔は円筒の軸線と同心
をなす円の上に中心を有している。次に軸線を中心とし
て大きな孔を明け、この孔は前述の円と実質的に同じ大
きさの半径を有している。次いでこの円筒外面にVねじ
12を切ればこの面に孔13が開き、該孔はVねじの丸味を
有する谷14と小孔11との各交点においてこの谷を通つて
延びる。続いて結合バスケツトの内面にねじ山15を形成
し、塩振りかけ容器に類似した孔18を有するキヤツプ16
を螺合せしめ得るようにする。スナツプ式のキヤツプも
使用することができる。
形成する場合には、前記小さな孔11を相互に交差するよ
うに大きく開け、中央孔の穿孔を不必要とするようにな
すことができる。小さな孔をこのように拡大すれば孔13
は大となる。
し成形し得る矩形断面の複数の棒22を、それぞれマンド
レル24の表面に切られた8個のキー溝23に挿入すること
によつて形成することができる。同時に三角形断面の棒
26を押出し、前記矩形棒22の周囲に螺旋状に巻回し、か
つ各交差点において各矩形棒22にははんだ付けまたは溶
接し、雄のVねじを形成する。キー溝から外した後、で
き上つた体部を別個の結合バスケツトとして切離せば、
各結合バスケツトはVねじ形成棒26の隣接巻回の間に孔
28を有するものとなり、該棒26は隣接矩形棒22の間の隙
間を架橋する。
筒に雄のVねじを切り、かつブローチによつて複数の内
方矩形キー溝を切ることにより形成することができる。
ルを使用し、ロストワツクス法によつても形成すること
ができる。
ル32を備えた中空円筒形の軸31と、他端に形成された雄
ねじ33とを有している。この中空軸の中には案内棒34が
摺動自在に受入れられ、該案内棒の一端35は中空軸31を
越えて突出し、かつ受容体たる骨に穿孔された孔の中に
摺動自在に嵌合される。案内棒の他端にはローレツト付
きキヤツプ35Aが設けられている。中空軸31のねじ付き
端部からは刃36が突出し、この刃は前記孔を中空軸31の
雄ねじ33の小直径まで拡げる。中空軸のねじ付き端部に
はなお3個の対称的な扇形切欠き37(1つだけを示す)
が形成され、雄ねじ33の先導縁に刃38を形成するように
なつており、この刃は中空軸を回転した時に骨の中に雌
の骨ねじを形成する。
を通して、案内棒34内の中空凹所39よりなる貯蔵容器に
集積される。凹所39から孔の中に延びる案内棒の端部35
は雄ねじを有し、該ねじはねじ付き案内棒34が回転した
時に、破片を上方に搬送し、扇形切欠きを通して貯蔵容
器に集積せしめるようになつている。
ようになれば、外科医は貯蔵容器が一杯になつた時の背
圧の増加を感じるからローレツト付きキヤツプ35Aを把
持して案内棒を引出し、これを清掃すべきである。もし
破片のゴム状性質によつて案内棒を中空軸から容易に引
出し得ないようになつた時には、ローレツト付きキヤツ
プ35Aを取外し、それによつて案内棒を定位置に残した
ままで中空軸31をねじ付き孔から釈放するようになすこ
とができる。孔が完全にねじ立てされていない場合に
は、案内棒が案内として働くから、ねじ立てを完全にす
るように中空軸を再び挿入する必要がある。
軸の一端にはT字形ハンドル42が設けられ、かつ他端に
は八角形の突起44が設けられている。この突起44の隅角
は結合バスケツト内の凹所の中に嵌合し、レンチを回転
させることによつて結合バスケツトを回転せしめ得るよ
うになつている。ばね負荷されたボール46は、突起が結
合バスケツト内に挿入された時に、この突起を摩擦的に
定位置に保持する。
結合バスケツトを移植するには先ず椎骨間の空隙から軟
らかなコラーゲン円板材料を除去する。両側を覆う薄膜
の中に小さな窓を形成する、すなわち標準の椎弓切開を
行う。神経組織、硬膜嚢および神経は内側に引込める。
椎間空隙からは標準の外科処置によつて円板材料をきれ
いに除去する。もし円板空隙が変性に起因して狭くなつ
ておれば、はさみジヤツキ型の椎間拡張器または液圧膨
張嚢を円板空隙内の片側(第1の側)に挿入し、該空隙
を正規の大きさとなるまで開く。これは側位X線によつ
て確認する。円板空隙の高さをX線によつて測定し、そ
れによつてドリル、タツプおよび結合バスケツトの適当
な寸法を選択する。
第1の側の神経組織を弛緩せしめ、これを第2の側の内
側に引込める。案内ドリル(円板空隙の高さにもよる
が、たとえば5mmまたは8mm)によつて各椎骨の面に小さ
な溝を形成し、円板空隙にほぼ25mm深さまでドリルを通
す(標準の円板空隙においては深さはほぼ30mm、広さは
ほぼ50mm)。ドリルにはドリルストツパを設け孔の開け
過ぎを阻止するようになつている。次に密実な案内棒を
案内孔の中に挿入し、かつその上に案内カツター(7mm
または10mm)を通し、これを下向きに動かして案内溝を
拡げ、第3図に示したねじ立て器30の案内棒35を摺動自
在に受入れるようにする。切出しねじ33(大直径は12mm
または16mm)によつて相対する椎骨端板と、新しい骨の
内生長を促す両方の格子状構造部分として骨雌ねじを切
る。
プが定位置にあるようにして第4図のレンチ40に弾入
し、このレンチを介し手によつて前記ねじの切られた円
板内孔の中に、その深さ一杯となるまでねじ込む。レン
チを外せばバスケツトには骨片または他の骨生成物質が
詰まり、この時第2キヤツプを装着して前記骨片が定位
置に確実に保持されるようにする。
を弛緩せしめ、再び第1の側と同様に注意して同じ手順
で孔開けおよびねじ立てを行い、第2結合バスケツトを
受入れるようにする。
を通つて骨が生長し、該バスケツト内の骨生成物質と結
合し、密実な結合部分を形成するようになる。
て脊髄に接近する時に移植されるが、前方切開接近時に
頚部椎骨の場合に対しても使用することができる。
ンレス鋼から次の寸法を有するように機械加工によつて
製作した、 開始円筒の直径 16mm 円筒の長さ 25mm 各小孔11の直径 3mm 孔11を心決めする円の直径 11.5mm 中央孔の直径 11m Vねじ12のピツチ 2.5mm/巻回 ねじ12の山の角度 60度 ねじ12の谷の根元半径 0.4mm 孔13の軸線方向の幅 1.6mm 孔13の円周方向の幅 2.8mm 円筒の内部に投射した時の 孔面積の百分率 25% 第2図に示されたものと外観の似たVねじ結合バスケ
ツトは中空の円筒形管から作ることができる。雄ねじを
切つた後、ブローチ削りによつて内面に複数の矩形キー
溝を形成し、ねじの谷を通る孔が形成されるようにす
る。新規な結合バスケツトを連続的に製作する技術にお
いては、先ず第2図に示された棒26の如き三角形の棒か
ら連続螺旋ばねを形成し、次にこのばねの内向き面を複
数の円筒形針金に溶接またははんだ付けし、各棒がばね
の軸線と平行に延びるようにする。
有孔端部キヤツプの展開等角図、第2図は本発明による
1組の第2Vねじ結合バスケツトを形成するために切断し
得る体部を示す等角図、第3図はVねじ結合バスケツト
を挿入すべき孔の中に雌ねじを切るためのタツプの等角
図で、構造の詳細を示すために1部分を切除したもので
あり、第4図はVねじ結合バスケツトをねじ付き孔内に
ねじ込むレンチの等角図である。 10……結合バスケツト、11……小孔、 12……Vねじ、13……孔、14……谷、 15……ねじ山、16……キヤツプ、 30……ねじ立て器、40……レンチ。
Claims (14)
- 【請求項1】内部に骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれたとき
に1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造との結合を促進するように
なった結合ケージであって、 骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれるようになった内部キャビ
ティを構成し、外面を有するケージ本体と、 前記ケージ本体の外面に構成され、結合ケージを骨構造
に組み合わせる手段と、を含み、この組み合わせ手段は
結合ケージが骨構造から抜けるのを防止し、 前記結合ケージが前記骨構造に組み合わせられたとき
に、前記1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造が前記外面を越えて
前記内部キャビティに進入して前記結合ケージの内部に
詰め込まれた骨生長誘導物質に接触するように、1つ又
はそれ以上の骨構造と結合ケージの内部に充填された骨
生長誘導物質とを直接接触させる手段をさらに含む結合
ケージ。 - 【請求項2】前記ケージ本体の前記内部キャビティは内
面を有し、前記直接接触手段は、前記内面が前記外面に
出会う複数の場所を含む請求項1に記載の結合ケージ。 - 【請求項3】前記ケージ本体の前記内部キャビティは内
面を有し、 前記組み合わせ手段は、複数の巻きと、該巻きの間に構
成された谷とを有するねじを含み、 前記直接接触手段は、前記内面が前記外面と接触するよ
うに前記谷に形成された複数の孔を含む請求項1に記載
の結合ケージ。 - 【請求項4】前記組み合わせ手段は、複数の巻きと、該
巻きの間に構成された谷とを有するねじを含み、 前記直接接触手段は、前記内部キャビティと連通した複
数の溝を含み、該溝は内面を有し、又、該溝は、前記内
面が前記外面と接触するように複数の孔を形成すべく前
記谷を通して穿孔されており、かかる溝は又、1つ又は
それ以上の骨構造と骨生長誘導物質とを直接接触させる
ように骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれるようになっている
請求項1に記載の結合ケージ。 - 【請求項5】前記ケージ本体は複数の間隔を隔てて配置
された細長い部材を含み、該細長い部材は前記外面を構
成し、又、該細長い部材は前記内部キャビティを構成す
る内面を有し、 前記組み合わせ手段は、前記間隔を隔てて配置された細
長い部材の外面の周囲に形成され、連結されたらせん状
のねじ部材を含み、該らせん状のねじ部材は複数の隣接
した巻きを有し、 前記直接接触手段は、前記隣接した巻きの間に形成され
た複数の孔を含み、該複数の孔は前記間隔を隔てて配置
された細長い部材によって境界決めされている請求項1
に記載の結合ケージ。 - 【請求項6】前記ケージ本体は、外面を有するらせん状
構造を含み、該らせん状構造を内面を有し、該内面を内
部キャビティを構成し、 前記らせん構造の外面は略V字形であり、前記1つ又は
それ以上の骨構造を食い込むようになっており、 前記らせん構造は、前記外面が骨構造に食い込んだとき
に、1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造の結合ケージの内部キャ
ビティに詰め込まれた骨生長誘導物質とを直接接触させ
るように前記内面が前記外面と接触するように内部キャ
ビティと連通した複数の間隔を隔てて配置された巻きを
有する請求項1に記載の結合ケージ。 - 【請求項7】前記外面は、骨構造と組み合うようになっ
た実質的に連続なVねじを有し、 前記ねじは、複数の巻きと、該巻きの間の形成された谷
とを有し、 前記直接接触手段は、前記谷に設けられ、前記外面と前
記内部キャビティとを連通させる多数の孔を含む請求項
1に記載の結合ケージ。 - 【請求項8】内部に骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれたとき
に1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造との結合を促進するように
なった結合ケージであって、 骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれるようになったキャビティ
を構成する内面を有するケージ本体を含み、 前記ケージ本体は外面を有し、 前記ケージ本体の外面に形成され、結合ケージを骨構造
に食い込ませるための手段と、 1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造と結合ケージの内面キャビテ
ィに充填された骨生長誘導物質とを直接接触させるよう
に前記内面が前記外面と接触する複数の場所を提供する
手段とをさらに含む結合ケージ。 - 【請求項9】内部に骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれたとき
に1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造との結合を促進するように
なった結合ケージであって、 内面を有し、骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれるようになっ
たキャビティを構成するケージ本体を含み、 前記ケージ本体は外面を有し、 ケージ本体の外面にねじを構成し、骨構造に食い込むよ
うになった手段をさらに含み、 前記ねじ構成手段は、間に谷を構成する複数のねじを含
み、 ねじの谷に設けられ、1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造と結合
ケージに詰め込まれた骨生長誘導物質とを直接接触させ
るように前記外面と前記キャビティとを連通させるため
の複数の孔をさらに含む結合ケージ。 - 【請求項10】内部に骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれたと
きに1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造との結合を促進するよう
になった結合ケージであって、 内面を有し、骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれるようになっ
たキャビティを構成するケージ本体を含み、 前記ケージ本体は、複数の巻きと、該巻きの間に構成さ
れた谷とを有する実質的に連続なねじを構成する外面を
有し、 1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造と結合ケージを詰め込まれた
骨生長誘導物質とを直接接触させるように前記内面が前
記外面と接触するように前記谷に形成された複数の孔を
さらに含む結合ケージ。 - 【請求項11】内部に骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれたと
きに1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造との結合を促進するよう
になった結合ケージであって、 内面を有し、骨生長誘導物質が詰め込まれるようになっ
たキャビティを構成するケージ本体を含み、 前記ケージ本体は、複数の巻きと、隣接した巻きの間に
構成された谷とを有する実質的に連続なねじを構成する
外面を有し、 前記キャビティは複数の溝を有し、該溝は、1つ又はそ
れ以上の骨構造と結合ケージに詰め込まれた骨生長誘導
物質とを直接接触させるように前記内面が前記外面と接
触するように複数の孔を形成すべく前記谷を通して穿孔
されている結合ケージ。 - 【請求項12】内部に骨生長誘導物質が充填されたとき
に1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造との結合を促進するように
なった結合ケージであって、 内部キャビティを構成する複数の間隔を隔てて配置され
た細長い部材を含み、 前記細長い部材は、内部キャビティに面した内面と、内
部キャビティに対して反対方向を向いた外面とを有し、 前記間隔を間てて配置された細長い部材の外面の周囲に
形成され、連結されたらせん状のねじ部材をさらに含
む、該らせん状のねじ部材は複数の隣接した巻きを有
し、 巻きの間に構成され、間隔を隔てて配置された細長い部
材によって境界決めされた複数の孔をさらに含み、前記
ねじ部材は、骨構造と接触し、1つ又はそれ以上の骨構
造と結合ケージに詰め込まれた骨生長誘導物質とを直接
接触させるようになっている結合ケージ。 - 【請求項13】内部に骨生長誘導物質が充填されたとき
に1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造との結合を促進するように
なった結合ケージであって、 内部キャビティを構成する内面を有するらせん状構造を
含み、 前記らせん状構造は、先端が内部キャビティから遠ざか
る方向に向いており、1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造に食い
込むようになった略V字形の外面を有し、 前記らせん構造は、前記外面が骨構造に食い込んだとき
に、1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造と結合ケージの内部キャ
ビティに詰め込まれた骨生長誘導物質とを直接接触させ
るように前記内面が前記外面と交差するように内部キャ
ビティと連通した複数の間隔を隔てて配置された巻きを
有する結合ケージ。 - 【請求項14】内部に骨生長誘導物質が充填されたとき
に1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造との結合を促進するように
なった結合ケージであって、 内部キャビティを構成する内面を有するらせん状構造を
含み、 前記らせん状構造は、先端が内部キャビティから遠ざか
る方向に向いており、1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造に接触
するようになった外面を有し、 前記らせん構造は、前記外面が骨構造に接触したとき
に、1つ又はそれ以上の骨構造と結合ケージの内部キャ
ビティに詰め込まれた骨生長誘導物質とを接触接触させ
るように内部キャビティと連通した複数の間隔を隔てて
配置された巻きを有する結合ケージ。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07259031 US4961740B1 (en) | 1988-10-17 | 1988-10-17 | V-thread fusion cage and method of fusing a bone joint |
US259031 | 1988-10-17 | ||
US07/432,088 US5026373A (en) | 1988-10-17 | 1989-11-06 | Surgical method and apparatus for fusing adjacent bone structures |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH02149271A JPH02149271A (ja) | 1990-06-07 |
JP2551670B2 true JP2551670B2 (ja) | 1996-11-06 |
Family
ID=26947018
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1268847A Expired - Lifetime JP2551670B2 (ja) | 1988-10-17 | 1989-10-16 | 骨関節を結合するためのvねじ結合バスケツト |
JP51433390A Expired - Lifetime JP3153235B2 (ja) | 1988-10-17 | 1990-09-18 | 隣接する骨質構造体を融着する装置 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP51433390A Expired - Lifetime JP3153235B2 (ja) | 1988-10-17 | 1990-09-18 | 隣接する骨質構造体を融着する装置 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US4961740B1 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP0369603B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2551670B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR970009551B1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU648047B2 (ja) |
CA (2) | CA1306913C (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001231797A (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-28 | National Institute For Materials Science | モジュール化人工骨 |
US6371989B1 (en) | 1996-09-13 | 2002-04-16 | Jean-Luc Chauvin | Method of providing proper vertebral spacing |
US9707095B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2017-07-18 | Wenzel Spine, Inc. | Bilaterally expanding intervertebral body fusion device |
US10736668B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2020-08-11 | John A. Heflin | Spine alignment system |
US11219531B2 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2022-01-11 | Wenzel Spine, Inc. | Rotatable intervertebral spacing implant |
Families Citing this family (775)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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- 1989-10-16 JP JP1268847A patent/JP2551670B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1990
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Cited By (8)
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US6371989B1 (en) | 1996-09-13 | 2002-04-16 | Jean-Luc Chauvin | Method of providing proper vertebral spacing |
US7828848B2 (en) | 1996-09-13 | 2010-11-09 | Wenzel Spine, Inc. | Expandable osteosynthesis cage |
US8435299B2 (en) | 1996-09-13 | 2013-05-07 | Wenzel Spine, Inc. | Expandable osteosynthesis cage |
JP2001231797A (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-28 | National Institute For Materials Science | モジュール化人工骨 |
US9707095B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2017-07-18 | Wenzel Spine, Inc. | Bilaterally expanding intervertebral body fusion device |
US10098756B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2018-10-16 | Wenzel Spine, Inc. | Bilaterally expanding intervertebral body fusion device |
US10736668B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2020-08-11 | John A. Heflin | Spine alignment system |
US11219531B2 (en) | 2019-04-10 | 2022-01-11 | Wenzel Spine, Inc. | Rotatable intervertebral spacing implant |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1306913C (en) | 1992-09-01 |
JP3153235B2 (ja) | 2001-04-03 |
US4961740B1 (en) | 1997-01-14 |
AU6534790A (en) | 1991-05-31 |
EP0498816A1 (en) | 1992-08-19 |
US4961740A (en) | 1990-10-09 |
KR970009551B1 (en) | 1997-06-14 |
JPH02149271A (ja) | 1990-06-07 |
US5026373A (en) | 1991-06-25 |
JPH05501507A (ja) | 1993-03-25 |
CA2072992C (en) | 2004-11-09 |
CA2072992A1 (en) | 1991-05-07 |
EP0369603A1 (en) | 1990-05-23 |
EP0369603B1 (en) | 1998-05-20 |
EP0498816A4 (en) | 1993-09-15 |
EP0498816B1 (en) | 1998-11-25 |
KR920702977A (ko) | 1992-12-17 |
AU648047B2 (en) | 1994-04-14 |
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