JP2023522112A - 汎用型ヒト化car19-dnt細胞を製造する技術およびその使用 - Google Patents
汎用型ヒト化car19-dnt細胞を製造する技術およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
(式中において、
Lはなしか、シグナルペプチド配列である。
scFvはCD19を標的とする抗体一本鎖可変領域配列である。
Hはなしか、ヒンジ領域である。
TMは膜貫通ドメインである。
Cは共刺激シグナル分子である。
CD3ζはCD3ζ由来の細胞内シグナル伝達配列である。
各「-」は独立に上記各エレメントを連結する連結ペプチドまたはペプチド結合を表す。)
(i) 式Iで示されるCAR構築物をコードするヌクレオチド配列を含有する発現ベクターを提供する工程、
L-scFv-H-TM-C-CD3ζ (式I)
(式中において、
Lはなしか、シグナルペプチド配列である。
scFvはCD19を標的とする抗体一本鎖可変領域配列である。
Hはなしか、ヒンジ領域である。
TMは膜貫通ドメインである。
Cは共刺激シグナル分子である。
CD3ζはCD3ζ由来の細胞内シグナル伝達配列である。
各「-」は独立に上記各エレメントを連結する連結ペプチドまたはペプチド結合を表す。)
(ii) 少なくとも一つのDNT細胞を含有するDNT細胞培養液を提供し、工程(i)の発現ベクターで前記DNT細胞に対して形質導入することにより、本発明の第一の側面に記載のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-DNT細胞を得る工程、ならびに
(iii) 任意の工程(ii)で得られた反応型CAR-DNT細胞を検出する工程
を含む方法を提供する。
(iia)健常者のドナーから末梢血のサンプルを収集する工程、
(iib)末梢血サンプルにおけるCD4+CD8+ T細胞を除去することにより、DNT細胞を得る工程、
(iic)CD3モノクローナル抗体がコーティングされた培養瓶において、適切な培地で(iib)で得られたDNT細胞を培養・増幅することにより、工程(ii)に必要なDNT細胞含有培養系を得る工程
を含む。
(a) 本発明の第一の側面に記載のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-T細胞、および
(b) 薬学的に許容される担体、希釈剤または賦形剤
を含む薬物組成物を提供する。
本開示が理解しやすくなるように、まず、一部の用語を定義する。本願に用いられるように、本明細書で別途に明確に規定しない限り、以下の用語はいずれも下記の意味を有する。
DNT細胞は、多くの腫瘍適応症に使用することができ、細胞表面のNKG2DおよびDNAM-1などの受容体を介してAML、リンパ腫、子宮頸癌、肺癌などの多くの血液または固形腫瘍に発現される相応するリガンドを標的とし、そしてTNF-α、IFN-γ、Grazyme B、Peforin、IL-2、IL-4などを分泌して直接および間接的な腫瘍殺傷活性を発揮する。そして、PD-1、CTLA-4などの免疫チェックポイント阻害剤および化学治療薬と併用することができ、協同治療効果がある。
キメラ免疫抗原受容体(Chimeric Antigen Receptors、CARs)は、細胞外抗原認識ドメイン、通常、scFv(single-chain variable Fragment、一本鎖可変断片)、膜貫通領域および細胞内共刺激シグナルドメインからなる。CARの設計は以下の過程を経てきた。第一世代のCARは一つのみの細胞内シグナル成分のCD3ζまたはFcγRI分子を有し、細胞内に一つの活性化ドメインしかないため、短時間のT細胞増殖および少ないサイトカイン分泌しか引き起こせず、長時間のT細胞増殖シグナルおよび持続的な体内抗腫瘍効果を提供することができるため、臨床治療効果が十分に得られない。第二世代のCARは元の構造に基づいて一つの共刺激分子、たとえばCD28、4-1BB、OX40、ICOSが導入され、第一世代のCARよりも機能が大幅に向上し、さらにCAR-T細胞の持続性および腫瘍細胞に対する殺傷能力を強化する。第二世代のCARに基づいて一部の新たな免疫共刺激分子、たとえばCD27、CD134を直列連結すると、第三世代および第四世代のCARに発展してきた。
本明細書で用いられるように、用語「CAR19-DNT細胞」、「CD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-DNT細胞」、「本発明のCAR-T細胞」、「本発明の汎用型CAR-T細胞」は、いずれも本発明の第一の側面に記載の式Iの構造を有する特異的にヒトCD19分子を標的とするキメラ抗原受容体を発現する汎用型二重陰性T細胞をいうが、入れ替えて使用することができる。
また、本発明において、本発明のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-DNT細胞を製造する方法であって、以下の工程を含む方法を提供する:
(i) 本発明のCAR構築物をコードするヌクレオチド配列を含有する発現ベクターを提供する工程、
(ii) 少なくとも一つのDNT細胞を含有するDNT細胞培養液を提供し、工程(i)の発現ベクターで前記DNT細胞に対して形質導入することにより、本発明のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-DNT細胞を得る工程、ならびに
(iii) 任意の工程(ii)で得られた反応型CAR-DNT細胞を検出する工程。
(iia)健常者のドナーから末梢血のサンプルを収集する工程、
(iib)末梢血サンプルにおけるCD4+CD8+ T細胞を除去することにより、DNT細胞を得る工程、
(iic)CD3モノクローナル抗体がコーティングされた培養瓶において、適切な培地で(iib)で得られたDNT細胞を培養・増幅することにより、工程(ii)に必要なDNT細胞含有培養系を得る工程。
本発明は、本発明の第一の側面に記載のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-T細胞と、薬学的に許容される担体、希釈剤または賦形剤とを含有する製剤を提供する。一つの実施形態において、前記薬物組成物は液体製剤である。好ましくは、前記製剤は注射剤である。好ましくは、前記製剤で、前記CAR-T細胞の濃度が1×105~1×108細胞/mL、より好ましくは1×105~1×106細胞/mLである。
また、本発明は、本発明の第一の側面のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-T細胞と本発明の第三の側面に記載の薬物組成物の使用であって、癌を予防および/または治療する薬物組成物または製剤を製造するための使用、ならびに癌を治療および/または予防するための使用を提供する。
本発明は、レンチウイルスベクターのXbaIとEcoRI部位の間にヒト化のCD19-ScFv-CAR構造を挿入し、当該構造はXbaIとEcoRIクローニング部位の間にヒト化CD19 ScFv-41BB-CD3ζの挿入断片が含まれている。
本発明は、マウスCD19 FMC63 scFvクローンからヒト化のCD19 scFvを獲得し、そのCDR1突然変異体をヒト化のscFv(クローン11)とした。ヒト化CD19 scFvの構造は、VL-連結ペプチド-VHである。連結ペプチド配列は、GSTSGSGKPGSGEGSTKG(配列番号:7)である。
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISKYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYHTSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQGNTLPYTFGGGTKVEIKGSTSGSGKPGSGEGSTKGQVQLQESGPGLVKPSETLSLTCTVSGGSLPDYGVSWIRQPPGKGLEWIGVIWGSETTYYNSALKSRVTISVDTSKNQFSLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCAKHYYYGGSYAMDYWGQGTLVTVSS
(配列番号4)
ヒト化CD19-CAR構造は図2に示す。EF1aプロモーターのレンチウイルスベクターでヒト化scFv CAR配列をクローニングした。
<CD8リード>
ATGGCCTTACCAGTGACCGCCTTGCTCCTGCCGCTGGCCTTGCTGCTCCACGCCGCCAGGCCG (配列番号8)
gatattcagatgacccagagcccgagcagcctgagcgcgagcgtgggcgatcgcgtgacc
attacctgccgcgcgagccaggatattagcaaatatctgaactggtatcagcagaaaccg
ggcaaagcgccgaaactgctgatttatcataccagccgcctgcatagcggcgtgccgagc
cgctttagcggcagcggcagcggcaccgattttaccctgaccattagcagcctgcagccg
gaagattttgcgacctattattgccagcagggcaacaccctgccgtatacctttggcggc
ggcaccaaagtggaaattaaa
ggctccacctctggatccggcaagcccggatctggcgagggatccaccaagggc
caggtgcagctgcaggaaagcggcccgggcctggtgaaaccgagcgaaaccctgagcctg
acctgcaccgtgagcggcggcagcctgccggattatggcgtgagctggattcgccagccg
ccgggcaaaggcctggaatggattggcgtgatttggggcagcgaaaccacctattataac
agcgcgctgaaaagccgcgtgaccattagcgtggataccagcaaaaaccagtttagcctg
aaactgagcagcgtgaccgcggcggataccgcggtgtattattgcgcgaaacattattat
tatggcggcagctatgcgatggattattggggccagggcaccctggtgaccgtgagcagc
(配列番号15)
ACCACGACGCCAGCGCCGCGACCACCAACACCGGCGCCCACCATCGCGTCGCAGCCCCTGTCCCTGCGCCCAGAGGCGTGCCGGCCAGCGGCGGGGGGCGCAGTGCACACGAGGGGGCTGGACTTCGCCTGTGAT (配列番号9)
ATCTACATCTGGGCGCCCCTGGCCGGGACTTGTGGGGTCCTTCTCCTGTCACTGGTTATCACCCTTTACTGC (配列番号10)
AAACGGGGCAGAAAGAAACTCCTGTATATATTCAAACAACCATTTATGAGACCAGTACAAACTACTCAAGAGGAAGATGGCTGTAGCTGCCGATTTCCAGAAGAAGAAGAAGGAGGATGTGAACTG (配列番号11)
AGAGTGAAGTTCAGCAGGAGCGCAGACGCCCCCGCGTACAAGCAGGGCCAGAACCAGCTCTATAACGAGCTCAATCTAGGACGAAGAGAGGAGTACGATGTTTTGGACAAGAGACGTGGCCGGGACCCTGAGATGGGGGGAAAGCCGAGAAGGAAGAACCCTCAGGAAGGCCTGTACAATGAACTGCAGAAAGATAAGATGGCGGAGGCCTACAGTGAGATTGGGATGAAAGGCGAGCGCCGGAGGGGCAAGGGGCACGATGGCCTTTACCAGGGTCTCAGTACAGCCACCAAGGACACCTACGACGCCCTTCACATGCAGGCCCTGCCCCCTCGCTAATAG (配列番号12)
gaattc (配列番号13)
ヒト化CD19-4-1BB-CD3-CARタンパク質のアミノ酸配列は以下の通り(関連構築体の構造は図3を参照する)で、ここで、CDR1 VH における突然変異は太字・下線で表示する。
MALPVTALLLPLALLLHAARPDIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCR
ASQDISKYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYHTSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGT
DFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQGNTLPYTFGGGTKVEIKGSTSGSG
KPGSGEGSTKGQVQLQESGPGLVKPSETLSLTCTVSGGSLPDYG
VSWIRQPPGKGLEWIGVIWGSETTYYNSALKSRVTISVDTSKNQF
SLKLSSVTAADTAVYYCAKHYYYGGSYAMDYWGQGTLVTVSST
TTPAPRPPTPAPTIASQPLSLRPEACRPAAGGAVHTRGLDFACDI
YIWAPLAGTCGVLLLSLVITLYCKRGRKKLLYIFKQPFMRPVQTT
QEEDGCSCRFPEEEEGGCELRVKFSRSADAPAYKQGQNQLYNEL
NLGRREEYDVLDKRRGRDPEMGGKPRRKNPQEGLYNELQKDKM
AEAYSEIGMKGERRRGKGHDGLYQGLSTATKDTYDALHMQALP
PR(配列番号14)
ATGGCCTTACCAGTGACCGCCTTGCTCCTGCCGCTGGCCTTGCTGCTCCACGCCGCCAGGCCG
gatattcagatgacccagagcccgagcagcctgagcgcgagcgtgggcgatcgcgtgacc
attacctgccgcgcgagccaggatattagcaaatatctgaactggtatcagcagaaaccg
ggcaaagcgccgaaactgctgatttatcataccagccgcctgcatagcggcgtgccgagc
cgctttagcggcagcggcagcggcaccgattttaccctgaccattagcagcctgcagccg
gaagattttgcgacctattattgccagcagggcaacaccctgccgtatacctttggcggc
ggcaccaaagtggaaattaaa
ggctccacctctggatccggcaagcccggatctggcgagggatccaccaagggc
caggtgcagctgcaggaaagcggcccgggcctggtgaaaccgagcgaaaccctgagcctg
acctgcaccgtgagcggcggcagcctgccggattatggcgtgagctggattcgccagccg
ccgggcaaaggcctggaatggattggcgtgatttggggcagcgaaaccacctattataac
agcgcgctgaaaagccgcgtgaccattagcgtggataccagcaaaaaccagtttagcctg
aaactgagcagcgtgaccgcggcggataccgcggtgtattattgcgcgaaacattattat
tatggcggcagctatgcgatggattattggggccagggcaccctggtgaccgtgagcagc
ACCACGACGCCAGCGCCGCGACCACCAACACCGGCGCCCACCATCGCGTCGCAGCCCCTGTCCCTGCGCCCAGAGGCGTGCCGGCCAGCGGCGGGGGGCGCAGTGCACACGAGGGGGCTGGACTTCGCCTGTGAT
ATCTACATCTGGGCGCCCCTGGCCGGGACTTGTGGGGTCCTTCTCCTGTCACTGGTTATCACCCTTTACTGC
AAACGGGGCAGAAAGAAACTCCTGTATATATTCAAACAACCATTTATGAGACCAGTACAAACTACTCAAGAGGAAGATGGCTGTAGCTGCCGATTTCCAGAAGAAGAAGAAGGAGGATGTGAACTG
AGAGTGAAGTTCAGCAGGAGCGCAGACGCCCCCGCGTACAAGCAGGGCCAGAACCAGCTCTATAACGAGCTCAATCTAGGACGAAGAGAGGAGTACGATGTTTTGGACAAGAGACGTGGCCGGGACCCTGAGATGGGGGGAAAGCCGAGAAGGAAGAACCCTCAGGAAGGCCTGTACAATGAACTGCAGAAAGATAAGATGGCGGAGGCCTACAGTGAGATTGGGATGAAAGGCGAGCGCCGGAGGGGCAAGGGGCACGATGGCCTTTACCAGGGTCTCAGTACAGCCACCAAGGACACCTACGACGCCCTTCACATGCAGGCCCTGCCCCCTCGCTAATAG (配列番号16)
293T細胞を37℃、5%CO2のインキュベーター内で培養し、培地はDMEM+10% FBSである。2日目に、細胞が90%のコンフルエンスに達したとき、発現プラスミドおよびパッケージングプラスミドpsPAX2、pMD2.0Gで共形質導入し、適切なモル比で混合されたプラスミドを培養容器に入れ、軽く振とうし、均一に混合し、インキュベーターに入れた。48-72時間後、ウイルスを回収し、遠心で浮かんだ死亡した293T細胞を除去した後、ウイルス含有培地をろ過し、濃縮し、精製し、分けて-80℃で凍結保存し、そして力価を測定した。
3.1 人体末梢血サンプルの採取
健常者のドナーから末梢血を30-400 ml収集してヘパリンナトリウム含有管に入れた。
3.2.1 CAR19-DNT細胞の製造
方法1:
0日に、メーカーの説明書に従い、Rossettsep(R)キット(Stem Cell Technologies Inc)を使用し、RBCとのRosettingでCD4+、CD8+ T細胞を除去した。血液サンプルと抗ヒトCD4およびCD8除去試薬マーカーを室温で20分間インキュベートした後、血液を50 ml遠心管で等体積Ficoll-Hypaqueの密度勾配と層分離させた。2500 rpmで25分間遠心した後、Ficollと血漿の界面ですでにPBMCのうちのCD4+およびCD8+が除去された細胞、すなわち、DNT細胞を収集し、0.9%生理食塩水で1回洗浄した。得られたDNT細胞を75 cm2培養瓶において1-6×106細胞/mlでAIM-V培地で37℃と5%CO2で培養し、前記の培養瓶は抗ヒトCD3モノクローナル抗体(クローンOKT3)(5-20μg/ml)でコーティングされ、前記AIM-V培地はゲンタマイシン(60単位/ml)、組み換えヒトインターロイキン-2(250 IU/ml)、組み換えヒトインターロイキン-15(10 ng/ml)、組み換えヒトインターロイキン-7(2 ng/ml)、組み換えヒトインターロイキン-12(10 ng/ml)、自家血漿(20 v%)を含む。
0日に、メーカーの説明書に従い、Rossettsep(R)キット(Stem Cell Technologies Inc)を使用し、RBCとのRosettingでCD4+、CD8+ T細胞を除去した。血液サンプルと抗ヒトCD4およびCD8除去試薬マーカーを室温で20分間インキュベートした後、血液を50 ml遠心管で等体積Ficoll-Hypaqueの密度勾配と層分離させた。2500 rpmで25分間遠心した後、Ficollと血漿の界面ですでにPBMCのうちのCD4+およびCD8+が除去された細胞、すなわち、DNT細胞を収集し、0.9%生理食塩水で1回洗浄した。分離して精製されたDNT細胞(磁気ビーズ:DNT細胞=1:1)をCD3/CD28磁気ビーズと均一に混合し、75 cm2培養瓶において1-6×106細胞/mlでAIM-V培地で37℃と5%CO2で培養し、前記AIM-V培地はゲンタマイシン(60単位/ml)、組み換えヒトインターロイキン-2(500 IU/ml)、組み換えヒトインターロイキン-15(2 ng/ml)、組み換えヒトインターロイキン-7(2 ng/ml)、組み換えヒトインターロイキン-12(10 ng/ml)および自家血漿(20 v%)を含む。
8日目と13日目にそれぞれDNT発現型およびCAR19-DNT陽性率を検出し、このとき高純度のDNT細胞(純度が85%以上に達し、図4に示す)およびhCD19-CAR陽性が高いCAR19-DNT細胞を得、フローサイトメーターによって抗ヒトのCD3抗体、CD4抗体、CD8抗体マーカーで培養系におけるDNT細胞を同定し(図4)、同時に抗ヒト化CD19のFMC63-CD19抗体で標識して形質導入陽性率を検出した(図4)。
レンチウイルス感染の方法によってCD19分子を発現するHela細胞(Hela-CD19の安定細胞系)を標的細胞として構築し、CD19を発現しないHela細胞を標的細胞対照とした。培養の8日目と13日目にそれぞれ収集されたCAR-CD19が形質導入されていないDNT細胞およびヒト化CAR-CD19が形質導入されたCD19CAR-DNT細胞をエフェクター細胞とし、エフェクター細胞対標的細胞比が2:1で、RTCA(Real-Time Cytotoxicity Assay)によってリアルタイムで殺傷状況をモニタリングした。
Claims (10)
- CD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-T細胞であって、外因性のCAR構築物を発現し、前記CAR構築物は式Iで表される構造を有することを特徴とする細胞。
L-scFv-H-TM-C-CD3ζ (式I)
(式中において、
Lはなしか、シグナルペプチド配列であり、
scFvはCD19を標的とする抗体一本鎖可変領域配列であり、
Hはなしか、ヒンジ領域であり、
TMは膜貫通ドメインであり、
Cは共刺激シグナル分子であり、
CD3ζはCD3ζ由来の細胞内シグナル伝達配列であり、
各「-」は独立に上記各エレメントを連結する連結ペプチドまたはペプチド結合を表す)。 - 前記CD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-T細胞はCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-二重陰性T細胞(CAR19-DNT細胞)であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-T細胞。
- 前記汎用型CAR-T細胞におけるTCRがノックアウトされたものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-T細胞。
- 前記CAR構築物が配列番号14で示されるアミノ酸配列を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-T細胞。
- 請求項1に記載のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-DNT細胞を製造する方法であって、
(i) 式Iで示されるCAR構築物をコードするヌクレオチド配列を含有する発現ベクターを提供する工程、
L-scFv-H-TM-C-CD3ζ (式I)
(式中において、
Lはなしか、シグナルペプチド配列であり、
scFvはCD19を標的とする抗体一本鎖可変領域配列であり、
Hはなしか、ヒンジ領域であり、
TMは膜貫通ドメインであり、
Cは共刺激シグナル分子であり、
CD3ζはCD3ζ由来の細胞内シグナル伝達配列であり、
各「-」は独立に上記各エレメントを連結する連結ペプチドまたはペプチド結合を表す)
(ii) 少なくとも一つのDNT細胞を含有するDNT細胞培養液を提供し、工程(i)の発現ベクターで前記DNT細胞に対して形質導入することにより、請求項1に記載のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-DNT細胞を得る工程、ならびに
(iii) 任意の工程(ii)で得られた反応型CAR-DNT細胞を検出する工程
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記発現ベクターはレンチウイルス発現ベクターであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(i)のウイルス発現ベクターに配列番号16で示されるポリヌクレオチド配列が組み込まれていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 薬物組成物であって、
(a) 請求項1または2に記載のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-T細胞、および
(b) 薬学的に許容される担体、希釈剤または賦形剤
を含むことを特徴とする組成物。 - 請求項1または2に記載のCD19を標的とする汎用型CAR-T細胞の使用であって、癌を予防および/または治療する薬物組成物または製剤を製造するためであることを特徴とする使用。
- 前記腫瘍は、血液腫瘍、固形腫瘍、またはこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選ばれることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の使用。
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