JP2022553814A - フレッシュニング活性物質を含む水溶性ポリマーゾーンを有する熱可塑性フィルム及びバッグ - Google Patents
フレッシュニング活性物質を含む水溶性ポリマーゾーンを有する熱可塑性フィルム及びバッグ Download PDFInfo
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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Abstract
Description
A.熱可塑性フィルムであって、
表面と、
表面上に接触して配置された水溶性ポリマーゾーンであって、フレッシュニング活性物質、水溶性フィルム形成ポリマー、及び界面活性剤を含む、水溶性ポリマーゾーンと、
を備え、
熱可塑性フィルムは、フィルムの表面と水溶性ポリマーゾーンとの間に配置された接着剤を含まない、
熱可塑性フィルム。
B.フレッシュニング活性物質は、香料原料、悪臭中和剤、インターカレートされた漂白剤、抗菌材料、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、段落Aに記載の熱可塑性フィルム。
C.フレッシュニング活性物質はカプセル化されている、段落A又は段落Bに記載の熱可塑性フィルム。
D.複数の不連続に分散された水溶性ポリマーゾーンを更に備える、段落A~Cのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性フィルム。
E.ポリマーは、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルエチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、段落A~Dのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性フィルム。
F.界面活性剤は、エトキシル化ソルビタン、ソルビタン、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、段落A~Eのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性フィルム。
G.水溶性ポリマーゾーンは、少なくとも70重量%のフレッシュニング活性物質を含む、段落A~Cのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性フィルム。
H.水溶性フィルム形成ポリマーは第1の水溶性ポリマーであり、水溶性ポリマー組成物は第2の水溶性フィルム形成ポリマーを更に含む、段落A~Cのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性フィルム。
I.熱可塑性バッグであって、
第1の側縁部、第2の側縁部、及び底縁部に沿って互いに接合された第1の側壁及び第2の側壁と、
底縁部の反対側の開口部と、
内面と、
外面と、
開口部に隣接して配置された第1の部分、底縁部に隣接して配置された第2の部分、及び第1の部分と第2の部分とを隔てる中央部分と、
熱可塑性バッグの内面上に接触して配置された水溶性ポリマーゾーンであって、フレッシュニング活性物質、ポリマー、及び界面活性剤を含む水溶性ポリマーゾーンと、
を備える、熱可塑性バッグ。
J.水溶性ポリマー組成物の領域が、熱可塑性バッグの内部の第1の領域内に配置されている、段落Iに記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
K.フレッシュニング活性物質は、香料原料、悪臭中和剤、インターカレートされた漂白剤、抗菌材料、又はこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、段落I又は段落Jに記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
L.フレッシュニング活性物質はカプセル化されている、段落I~Kのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
M.複数の不連続に分散された水溶性ポリマーゾーンを更に備える、段落I~Lのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
N.ポリマーは、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルエチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、段落I~Mのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
O.界面活性剤は、エトキシル化ソルビタン、ソルビタン、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、段落I~Nのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
P.水溶性ポリマーゾーンは、少なくとも70重量%のフレッシュニング活性物質を含む、段落I~Oのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
Q.熱可塑性フィルムを作製する方法であって、
熱可塑性フィルムを提供する工程と、
液状の水溶性ポリマー組成物を熱可塑性フィルムの表面の1つ以上の位置に堆積させる工程であって、水溶性ポリマー組成物は、フレッシュニング活性物質、ポリマー、及び界面活性剤を含む、工程と、
液状の水溶性ポリマー組成物を熱可塑性フィルムの表面上で乾燥させて、1つ以上の水溶性ポリマーゾーンを形成する工程と、
を含む、方法。
R.
熱可塑性フィルムを折り畳む工程と、
折り畳まれた熱可塑性フィルムを増分的にヒートシールする工程と、
増分のヒートシールを穿孔して複数の熱可塑性バッグを画定する工程であって、熱可塑性バッグは内部及び外部を有する、工程と、
を更に含む、段落Qに記載の方法。
S.水溶性ポリマーゾーンは、熱可塑性バッグの内部に配置されている、段落Q又は段落Rに記載の方法。
T.ポリマーは、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルエチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、段落Q~Sのいずれか1つに記載の方法。
U.フレッシュニング活性物質は、香料原料、悪臭中和剤、洗浄活性物質、抗菌材料、又はこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、段落Q~Tのいずれか1つに記載の方法。
V.水溶性ポリマー組成物は、熱可塑性フィルム上で70度未満の接触角を有する、段落Q~Uのいずれか1つに記載の方法。
W.水溶性ポリマーゾーンは、相対湿度40%で弾性率が少なくとも400MPaであってもよく、相対湿度75%以上で弾性率が30MPa以下に低減してもよい、段落A~Hのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性フィルム。
X.水溶性ポリマーゾーンは、相対湿度40%で弾性率が少なくとも400MPaであってもよく、相対湿度75%以上で弾性率が30MPa以下に低減してもよい、段落I~Pのいずれか1つに記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
初期物質として、本発明のフィルムの熱可塑性材料は、ポリエチレン及びそのコポリマー並びにポリプロピレン及びそのコポリマーを含む熱可塑性ポリオレフィンを含んでもよい。オレフィン系ポリマーは、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンなどのエチレン又はプロピレン系ポリマー、並びにエチレン酢酸ビニル(EVA)、エチレンメチルアクリレート(EMA)、及びエチレンアクリル酸(EAA)などのコポリマー、又はそのようなポリオレフィンのブレンドを含んでもよい。
水溶性ポリマーゾーンを作製するための水溶性ポリマー組成物は、水溶性フィルム形成ポリマーと、フィルム又はバッグの中又は周囲の悪臭成分に対抗するのに十分な量のフレッシュニング活性剤を含むフレッシュニング活性物質と、水とを含む。水溶性ポリマー組成物は、液体としてフィルム上に塗布される。水溶性ポリマー組成物中の水の大部分は蒸発し、乾燥した又は実質的に乾燥した水溶性ポリマーゾーンがフィルム上に残る。水溶性ポリマーゾーンは、活性化活性が生じるまでフレッシュニング活性物質をフィルムに固定する。活性化活性には、摩擦、水分、熱、pH変化など、及びこれらの組み合わせが含まれてもよい。水溶性ポリマーゾーンは、周囲環境からの水分の存在下で溶解する。
水溶性ポリマー組成物は、液体形態の場合、約30%~約80%又は約40%~約90%、より好ましくは約40%~約75%のフレッシュニング活性物質を含む。
式中、Mは、例えばマグネシウムもしくはカルシウム又はそれらの混合物などのアルカリ土類金属又はアルカリ土類金属の混合物であり、
式中、x及びyは、それぞれ独立に、1以上の任意の数(例えば、1、2、3、4など)であり、
式中、m及びnは、それぞれ独立に、0又は0より大きい任意の数(例えば、0、1、2、3、4など)であるが、m及びnは同時に0ではなく、
式中、x≧3yである。
図2は、熱可塑性バッグ100の例示的かつ非限定的な例の斜視図である。バッグ100は、第1の側壁102及び第2の側壁104を含む。第1及び第2の側壁102、104の各々は、第1の側縁部106、第2の対向する側縁部108、第1及び第2の側縁部106、108の間に延在する底縁部110、並びに底縁部に対向する第1及び第2の側縁部106、108の間に延在する上縁部111を含む。第1の側壁102及び第2の側壁104は、第1の側縁部106、第2の対向する側縁部108、及び底縁部110に沿って互いに接合されている。第1及び第2の側壁102、104は、例えば、ヒートシールなどの任意の好適な工程によって、第1及び第2の側縁部106、108並びに底縁部110に沿って接合されてもよい。第1及び第2の側壁102、104は、側縁部に沿って接合されていなくてもよい。むしろ、第1及び第2の側壁102、104は、単一の均一な部品であってもよい。言い換えれば、第1及び第2の側壁102、104は、内部130及び外部132を画定するスリーブ又はバルーン構造を形成してもよい。
図5は、水溶性ポリマーゾーンがその上に配置された熱可塑性フィルムを作製し、次いでこれからプラスチックバッグを製造するための製造工程を示す。図1、図2、及び図5を参照すると、工程200に従って、1つ以上のフィルム202を、それぞれストックロール204から巻き出し、機械方向MDに沿って方向付けてもよい。あるいは、フィルムを、ストックロール204ではなく1つ以上の押出タワーから直接に押し出してもよい。
水溶性ポリマー組成物方法の接触角
ガラススライドを、Glad Forceflexごみ袋のパターン化されていない領域からの切断部分で覆った。3μLの溶液(90%の悪臭成分、20%の活性物質及び10%の水溶性フィルム形成ポリマー、20~50%の活性物質)をフィルム上にピペットで移した。画像をCelestron Microscope+Microcapture Proで撮影した。次いで、画像をImageJの測定角度機能によって分析した。各ポリマー組成物の3つの液滴/試験片を分析した。試料画像を以下に示す。
乾燥時間を、堆積が完了してから、水溶性ポリマーゾーンが目視で乾燥し、指で叩いても残渣が残らなくなるまでの時間として計算した。
水溶性ポリマー組成物の密着性を、水溶性ポリマーゾーンがバッグ上に流延されてから約24時間後に評価した。消費者体験をシミュレートするためにバッグを開けて膨らませ、剥がれが観察された場合はそれを記録した。更に、水溶性ポリマーゾーンに静かに触れて、フィルムに触れた時にべとついたかどうか、又は水溶性ポリマーゾーンが擦り落とされたかどうかを確認した。
引張(弾性率)特性は、測定した力がセルの限界の1%~99%以内となるロードセルを使用して、コンピュータインターフェースを有する一定速度の伸張引張試験機(好適な計器は、MTS Systems Corp.(Eden Prairie、ミネソタ州)から入手可能な、Testworks 4.0 Softwareを使用したMTS Insightである)で測定する。可動式(上部)及び固定式(下部)固定具の両方に、試験片の幅よりも広い軽量のバイスアクショングリップを装着する。引張試験機には、引張実験全体を通じた試験片の環境を、±0.5℃の精度で23℃~40℃の設定温度、及び±0.5%の精度で35%~95%の設定相対湿度に維持することができる、試験片湿度及び温度制御チャンバを装着する。全ての試験は、約23℃±2℃及び約50%±2%の相対湿度で維持された調整室で実行する。
判別試験には、スクリーニングされた見識のある試験員が必要である。この訓練されたグループは、製品の組成変更、代替サプライヤの承認、又は他の判別要件を含む様々なごみ箱の要件を測定し、入力を提供する能力を有する。官能基準に従って試験環境及び基材を準備し、試験員を訓練する。
カプセル化された試料を、一般的な試験員評価ガイドラインに従って、活性化前及び活性化後の両方で評価する。各試験員は、活性化されていない試料を、総強度、総悪臭、及び総芳香について評価する。全ての試験員が活性化前評価を完了した後、各試料に専用の起動装置を使用してごみ袋の壁を剪断する。次いで試験員は、活性化後評価を適切な時点で同じ方法で完了する。
水溶性ポリマー濃縮物の調製方法
フレッシュニング配合物を作成するために、ポリマーの第1の水性濃縮物を作製した。これらをそのまま試験するか、又は更なる試験のためにフレッシュニング活性物質と組み合わせた。ポリマー濃縮物の2つの例を以下に示す。
METHOCEL(商標)ポリマーの溶液を以下のように作製した。最初に、蒸留水をビーカーに加え、オーバーヘッドミキサーで300RPMで撹拌しながら95℃に加熱した。95℃になったら、1%のフェノキシエタノールを添加し、分散するまで撹拌した。次に、20%のMETHOCEL(商標)を300RPMで撹拌しながら添加した。全てのポリマーを添加した後に、溶液が60℃になるまで熱を除去した。60℃になったら、撹拌を150RPMに下げ、溶液を完全に水和するまで氷浴に入れた。
ポリエチレンオキシド(PEO)ポリマーの溶液を以下のように作製した。最初に、蒸留水をビーカーに加え、オーバーヘッドミキサーで500RPMで撹拌した。次いで、1%フェノキシエタノールを添加した。フェノキシエタノールが分散したら、50%PEOを45分かけてゆっくりと添加した。撹拌を更に30分間続け、次いで撹拌速度を200RPMまで下げた。次いで、混合物を更に2時間撹拌した。
ほとんどの水性及び/又は水溶性フレッシュニング活性物質は、撹拌しながら室温でポリマーに直接添加することができた。フレッシュニング組成物を、80重量%~90重量%の範囲のレベルで添加した。
水溶性ポリマーゾーンを含むフィルムの調製:
ポリマー濃縮物を、水溶性ポリマー濃縮物の調製方法に記載するように調製した。濃縮物を作製した後に、実施例の水溶性ポリマー濃縮物をスクリーン印刷によってフィルム上に堆積させた。メッシュサイズ420のスクリーン及び網目模様を有するブロッキングステンシルを以下のように使用した:スクリーンを、代用基材として使用するMylarフィルムの上に配置した。数ミリリットルの試料をメッシュ上に置き、スキージを使用して、溶液をメッシュを通して基材上に押し出した。次いで、メッシュを丁寧に除去した。次いで、Mylar基材に転写された試料を観察して、それらが乾燥しているかどうか、及びそれらがMylar基材にどれだけ密着しているかを判定した。
配合物の調製
弾性率を調べるためのポリマー濃縮物を、水溶性ポリマー濃縮物の調製方法のセクションで前述したように調製した。
水溶性ポリマーゾーンを、Birdドローダウンバーを用いた溶液流延によって作製し、均一な厚さの水溶性ポリマーゾーンを作成した。
表3及び図6を参照すると、これらのデータは、これらの水溶性ポリマーゾーンの機械的特性が相対湿度に対して感受性であることを示している。典型的な貯蔵条件下で見られるような低い相対湿度では、水溶性ポリマーゾーンは高い弾性率を有し、任意の活性成分を含有するように作用する。しかしながら、食品廃棄物が入っているごみ容器の使用中の状況で起こり得るように相対湿度が増加すると、弾性率が低下し、活性成分が水溶性ポリマーゾーンから放散することが可能になる。
フレッシュニング活性物質の添加(非水性):
親油性成分は、ポリマー濃縮物中に容易に混和しない。親油性フレッシュニング活性物質に以下の方法を使用した:ポリマー濃縮物に0.08%のポリソルベート20を添加した。次いで、フレッシュニング活性物質を40重量%添加した。活性物質及び界面活性剤を添加した後に、混合物をIKA T25 Turraxホモジナイザで4000rpmで3~5分間粉砕し、系を乳化させた。
カプセル化されたフレッシュニング活性物質を含有する水溶性ポリマー組成物を含むバッグを以下のように作製した:最初に、METHOCEL(商標)濃縮物を、上述のMETHOCEL(商標)濃縮物の調製方法に従って作製した。METHOCEL(商標)濃縮物を、適切な混合容器内で室温で静かに撹拌しながら、カプセル化剤スラリーに20重量%添加した。次いで、適切な量のカプセル化剤-METHOCEL(商標)混合物を、バッグの内側の12インチの部分に塗布した。次いで、バッグを閉じ、配合物が塗布された領域の外側を横切って5ポンドのハンドローラを1回転動させて、均質な水溶性ポリマーゾーンを生成した。
インターカレートされた漂白フレッシュニング活性物質を含有する水溶性ポリマー組成物を含むバッグを以下のように作製した:最初に、METHOCEL(商標)濃縮物を、上述のMETHOCEL(商標)濃縮物の調製方法に従って作製した。漂白フレッシュニング活性物質を、撹拌しながらMETHOCEL(商標)濃縮物に15重量%添加した。次いで、組成物を、典型的な芳香剤塗布手順でバッグの内側に塗布した。
Claims (15)
- 熱可塑性バッグであって、
第1の側縁部、第2の側縁部、及び底縁部に沿って互いに接合された第1の側壁及び第2の側壁と、
前記底縁部の反対側の開口部と、
内面と、
外面と、
前記開口部に隣接して配置された第1の部分、前記底縁部に隣接して配置された第2の部分、及び前記第1の部分と前記第2の部分とを隔てる中央部分と、
前記熱可塑性バッグの前記内面上に接触して配置された水溶性ポリマーゾーンであって、フレッシュニング活性物質、ポリマー、及び界面活性剤を含む水溶性ポリマーゾーンと、
を備える、熱可塑性バッグ。 - 水溶性ポリマー組成物の領域が、前記熱可塑性バッグの内部の第1の領域内に配置されている、請求項1に記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
- 前記フレッシュニング活性物質は、香料原料、悪臭中和剤、インターカレートされた漂白剤、抗菌材料、又はこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1又は2に記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
- 前記フレッシュニング活性物質はカプセル化されている、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
- 複数の不連続に分散された水溶性ポリマーゾーンを更に備える、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
- 前記ポリマーは、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルエチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
- 前記界面活性剤は、エトキシル化ソルビタン、ソルビタン、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
- 前記水溶性ポリマーゾーンは、少なくとも70重量%の前記フレッシュニング活性物質を含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
- 前記水溶性ポリマーゾーンは、相対湿度40%で弾性率が少なくとも400MPaであってもよく、相対湿度75%以上で弾性率が30MPa以下に低減してもよい、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性バッグ。
- 熱可塑性フィルムを作製する方法であって、
熱可塑性フィルムを提供する工程と、
液状の水溶性ポリマー組成物を前記熱可塑性フィルムの表面の1つ以上の位置に堆積させる工程であって、前記水溶性ポリマー組成物は、フレッシュニング活性物質、ポリマー、及び界面活性剤を含む、工程と、
前記液状の水溶性ポリマー組成物を前記熱可塑性フィルムの前記表面上で乾燥させて、1つ以上の水溶性ポリマーゾーンを形成する工程と、
を含む、方法。 - 前記熱可塑性フィルムを折り畳む工程と、
前記折り畳まれた熱可塑性フィルムを増分的にヒートシールする工程と、
前記増分のヒートシールを穿孔して複数の熱可塑性バッグを画定する工程であって、前記熱可塑性バッグは内部及び外部を有する、工程と、
を更に含む、請求項10に記載の方法。 - 前記水溶性ポリマーゾーンは、前記熱可塑性バッグの前記内部に配置されている、請求項10又は11に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマーは、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルエチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルメチルセルロース、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項10~12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記フレッシュニング活性物質は、香料原料、悪臭中和剤、洗浄活性物質、抗菌材料、又はこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項10~13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性ポリマー組成物は、前記熱可塑性フィルム上で70度未満の接触角を有する、請求項10~14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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