JP2022546072A - 堆積システム - Google Patents
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- JP2022546072A JP2022546072A JP2022513364A JP2022513364A JP2022546072A JP 2022546072 A JP2022546072 A JP 2022546072A JP 2022513364 A JP2022513364 A JP 2022513364A JP 2022513364 A JP2022513364 A JP 2022513364A JP 2022546072 A JP2022546072 A JP 2022546072A
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- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 296
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 572
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 267
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 185
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 318
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 189
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 38
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 9
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910012258 LiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 but not limited to Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012306 spectroscopic technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007736 thin film deposition technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
Claims (25)
- 堆積システムであって、
材料蒸気を生成するように構成された誘導るつぼ装置であって、ここで、使用中、前記誘導るつぼ装置は、るつぼを誘導加熱して、前記るつぼ内に2つ以上の熱ゾーンを生成するように構成される、材料蒸気を生成するように構成された誘導るつぼ装置と、
基板を支持するように構成された基板支持体と、
前記誘導るつぼ装置と前記基板支持体との間にプラズマを生成し、その結果、前記プラズマを少なくとも部分的に通して前記材料蒸気の伝達が、前記基板上に堆積するための堆積材料を生成するように構成されたプラズマ源と、
を備える、堆積システム。 - 前記誘導るつぼ装置は、
前記るつぼと、
前記るつぼの周りに配置された1つ以上の誘導コイルであって、前記1つ以上の誘導コイルに電力を印加すると、第1の熱ゾーンが前記るつぼの少なくとも第1の部分に生成され、第2の熱ゾーンが前記るつぼの少なくとも第2の部分に生成されるように、前記るつぼの周りに配置された1つ以上の誘導コイルと、を備え、
ここで、前記第1の熱ゾーンの第1の温度は、前記第2の熱ゾーンの第2の温度とは異なる、
請求項1に記載の堆積システム。 - 前記1つ以上の誘導コイルは、
前記るつぼの前記第1の部分の周りに配置された第1の誘導コイルと、
前記るつぼの前記第2の部分の周りに配置された第2の誘導コイルであって、第1の電力が前記第1の誘導コイルに印加可能であり、前記第1の電力とは異なる第2の電力が前記第2の誘導コイルに印加可能であるように、前記るつぼの前記第2の部分の周りに配置された第2の誘導コイルと、
を備える、請求項2に記載の堆積システム。 - 前記るつぼの前記第1の部分は、前記るつぼの基部と前記るつぼの前記第2の部分との間に配置され、前記1つ以上の誘導コイルに電力を印加すると、
前記第1の熱ゾーンの第1の温度は、使用中に、前記誘導るつぼ装置によって加熱される材料を溶融させるための第1の温度閾値を満たすかもしくは超える、または、
前記第2の熱ゾーンの第2の温度は、使用中に、誘導るつぼ装置によって加熱されて前記材料蒸気を生成する材料の気化のための第2の温度閾値を満たすかもしくは超える、のうちの少なくとも1つである、
請求項2または3に記載の堆積システム。 - 前記プラズマ源は、前記プラズマが前記るつぼに実質的に存在しないように、前記誘導るつぼ装置と前記基板支持体との間に前記プラズマを生成するように構成される、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の堆積システム。
- 前記誘導るつぼ装置と前記基板支持体との間に少なくとも1つのガスを提供するように構成されたガス供給システムを備える、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の堆積システム。
- 前記ガス供給システムは、
使用中に、前記プラズマを通して第1のガスを提供するための第1のガス入口、
使用中に、前記プラズマと前記誘導るつぼ装置との間に第2のガスを提供するための第2のガス入口、または、
使用中に、前記プラズマと前記基板支持体との間に第3のガスを提供するための第3のガス入口、
のうちの少なくとも1つを備える、請求項6に記載の堆積システム。 - 前記ガス供給システムは、前記誘導るつぼ装置と前記基板支持体との間に少なくとも1つのガスが提供される速度を制御するように構成される、請求項6または請求項7に記載の堆積システム。
- 前記堆積システムは、使用中に、前記材料蒸気の材料を少なくとも1つのガスおよび/またはプラズマと相互作用させて前記堆積材料を生成するために、前記材料蒸気を少なくとも部分的にプラズマを通しておよび少なくとも部分的にガスを通して伝達するように構成される、請求項6から8のいずれか一項に記載の堆積システム。
- 前記堆積システムは、エネルギー貯蔵装置の製造に使用するために配置される、請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の堆積システム。
- 誘導るつぼ装置を誘導加熱して2つ以上の熱ゾーンを生成し、前記誘導るつぼ装置に収容される材料を加熱して材料蒸気を生成することと、
前記誘導るつぼ装置と基板との間にプラズマを生成することと、
前記材料蒸気を少なくとも部分的にプラズマを通して伝達して、堆積材料を生成することと、
前記基板上に前記堆積材料を堆積させることと、
を含む、方法。 - 前記誘導るつぼ装置を誘導加熱することは、
前記誘導るつぼ装置のるつぼの周りに配置された1つ以上の誘導コイルに電力を印加して、前記るつぼの第1の部分に第1の熱ゾーンを生成し、前記るつぼの第2の部分に第2の熱ゾーンを生成することと、を含み、
ここで、前記第1の熱ゾーンの第1の温度は、前記第2の熱ゾーンの第2の温度とは異なる、
請求項11に記載の方法。 - 前記るつぼの前記第1の部分は、前記るつぼの基部と前記るつぼの前記第2の部分との間に配置され、前記誘導るつぼ装置を誘導加熱することは、前記第1の温度および前記第2の温度を、
前記るつぼの前記第1の部分において前記材料の第1の部分を溶融させることと、
前記るつぼの前記第2の部分において前記材料の第2の部分を気化させて、材料の蒸気を生成することと、
のうちの少なくとも1つに構成することをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記プラズマは、前記誘導るつぼ装置に実質的に存在しない、請求項11から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記誘導るつぼ装置と前記基板との間に少なくとも1つのガスを提供することを含む、請求項11から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記堆積材料を生成することは、少なくとも1つのガスおよび/またはプラズマと相互作用する前記材料蒸気の前記材料を含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 第1の速度で第1の時間に、前記材料蒸気が少なくとも部分的に前記プラズマおよび少なくとも部分的に前記ガスを通して伝達することによって、第1の時間で第1の堆積材料として前記堆積材料を生成する、および、
前記第1の速度とは異なる第2の速度で、前記第1の時間とは異なる第2の時間に、前記材料蒸気が少なくとも部分的に前記プラズマおよび少なくとも部分的に前記ガスを通して伝達することによって、第2の時間で第2の堆積材料として前記第1の堆積材料を生成する、
少なくとも1つのガスのうちの、1つのガスを提供することを含む、請求項15または請求項16に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の堆積材料は、前記第2の堆積材料とは異なる化学組成を有する、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのガスは、窒素、アルゴン、酸素、アンモニア、窒素酸化物および/またはヘリウムを含む、請求項15から18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記基板上に堆積された前記堆積材料の結晶化度を制御するために、少なくとも1つのガスのうちの1つのガスを提供する速度を制御することを含む、請求項15から19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記堆積材料の材料特性を制御するために、前記材料蒸気の生成速度または前記プラズマの密度のうちの少なくとも1つを制御することを含む、請求項11から20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記堆積材料を前記基板上に堆積することは、前記堆積材料を前記基板上に実質的に均質に堆積することを含む、請求項11から21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記基板上に前記堆積材料を堆積することは、前記基板上に結晶構造を有する前記堆積材料を堆積することを含む、請求項11から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記基板上に堆積された前記堆積材料は、エネルギー貯蔵装置の電極層または電解質層のための材料を含む、請求項11から23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項11から24のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って製造されたエネルギー貯蔵装置。
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