JP2022516208A - スパークプラグおよびスパークプラグを製造する方法 - Google Patents
スパークプラグおよびスパークプラグを製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001055 inconels 600 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001119 inconels 625 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
- B22F7/064—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts using an intermediate powder layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/354—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
- H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2251/00—Treating composite or clad material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2、2’ 貴金属体
3 中心電極担体
4 段部
5 粉末
6 カバー層
7 未処理領域
8 レーザビーム
9 スパーク領域
10 接地電極担体
11 接地電極の貴金属体における開口部
12 スパークプラグハウジング
13 ねじ山
14 凹部
15 スパークギャップ
16 セラミック体
17 芯
18 シール
19 被処理領域
Claims (15)
- 内燃機関用のスパークプラグ(1)を製造する方法であって、前記スパークプラグ(1)が、溶接プロセスで作製された少なくとも1つの溶接継手を介して接合された少なくとも2つの構成要素を有するものであり、前記溶接継手の選択された材料特性を改善するために、前記溶接継手にレーザビーム(8)を向けることと、前記レーザビーム(8)により表面が溶融された前記溶接継手に前記選択された材料特性を改善する粉末(5)を導入することにより、前記粉末(5)が溶け、前記溶けた粉末(5)が前記溶接継手の前記表面の溶融された混合組織と結合することによって、改善された材料特性を有する被処理領域が生じること、を特徴とする、方法。
- 前記スパークプラグの電極の部材が、前記少なくとも1つの溶接継手を介して接合された2つの構成要素として用いられ、好ましくは電極担体、および前記少なくとも1つの溶接継手を介して前記電極担体と接続された貴金属体(2、2’)の形をとる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 電極担体として、好ましくはスパークプラグピンの形状の中心電極担体(3)が使用される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの溶接継手の作製前に、段部(4)を形成するように、前記貴金属体(2、2’)が前記中心電極担体(3)と接続される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記段部(4)は、前記中心電極担体(3)の端部領域に加工成形され、および/または前記貴金属体(2、2’)が、段部(4)を残して前記中心電極担体(3)上に配置される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 凹部(14)が設けられ、前記凹部に前記粉末(5)が導入され、その量は好ましくは溶融され再び固化した粉末(5)によって前記凹部(14)が満たされるか、または覆われる量である、請求項1乃至5の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 溶融され再び固化した粉末(5)を突出させる可能性がある量が、材料を除去することによって取り除かれる、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも前記被処理領域(19)、および好ましくは前記被処理領域(19)のすぐ隣に配置された別の、そして未処理の領域(7)が、1つのカバー層(6)、または好ましくは異なった材料からなる積層された複数のカバー層(6)で被覆され、および/または前記被処理領域(7)の下にかかるカバー層(6)の少なくとも1つが配置される、請求項1乃至7の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記被処理領域(19)のすぐ隣に未処理領域(7)が残される、請求項1乃至8の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記レーザビーム(8)のデフォーカスされたビーム部分が前記溶接継手に向けられる、請求項1乃至9の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 改善される材料特性として、耐高温腐食性および/または耐酸化性の向上が選択され、粉末(5)として、異なった材料成分を有するものであってよい耐高温腐食性および/または耐酸化性の金属粉末が使用され、好ましくは、粉末(5)として耐食性ニッケル粉末、またはセラミック材料を含有する金属粉末が使用される、請求項1乃至10の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記粉末(5)は、前記溶接継手から距離をおいて前記レーザビーム(8)に、好ましくは吹き込まれることによって導入される、請求項1乃至11の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 内燃機関用のスパークプラグ(1)であって、スパークプラグ(1)が少なくとも1つの溶接継手を介して接合されている少なくとも2つの構成要素を有するものであり、前記溶接継手の表面の溶融および粉末(5)の導入によって生成される合金化領域が前記溶接継手の領域に設けられていることを特徴とする、スパークプラグ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの溶接継手を介して接合された前記構成要素は前記スパークプラグ(1)の電極の部材であり、好ましくは電極担体であって特に好ましくは中心電極担体(3)、および少なくとも1つの溶接継手を介して前記電極担体と接続された貴金属体(2)の形をとる、請求項13に記載のスパークプラグ。
- 前記合金化された領域のすぐ隣に未処理領域(19)が残され、前記未処理領域は、好ましくは前記電極のスパーク領域(9)の隣に配置された領域の形で存在する、請求項13乃至14の何れか1項に記載のスパークプラグ。
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PCT/AT2018/060316 WO2020124103A1 (de) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Zündkerze und verfahren zur herstellung einer zündkerze |
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US (1) | US11189993B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3694684B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7314137B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN113423530B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3086430C (ja) |
DK (1) | DK3694684T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2910166T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2020124103A1 (ja) |
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US11870222B2 (en) | 2021-05-04 | 2024-01-09 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same |
US11901705B2 (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2024-02-13 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Electrode tip assembly for a spark plug and method of manufacturing the same |
US11621544B1 (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2023-04-04 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same |
DE102023107904A1 (de) | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Zündkerze, zündkerzenelektrode und verfahren zur herstellung derselben |
AT526189A1 (de) | 2022-05-25 | 2023-12-15 | Swacrit Systems Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode für eine Zündvorrichtung |
US11837852B1 (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2023-12-05 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug electrode with electrode tip directly thermally coupled to heat dissipating core and method of manufacturing the same |
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2018
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JPH02258186A (ja) * | 1989-02-08 | 1990-10-18 | General Electric Co <Ge> | レーザ溶接方法および装置 |
JPH0845643A (ja) * | 1994-08-03 | 1996-02-16 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | 内燃機関用スパークプラグ |
JP2013058482A (ja) * | 2004-08-03 | 2013-03-28 | Federal-Mogul Corp | リフローされた点火先端部を有する点火装置およびその製造方法 |
JP2018063817A (ja) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-19 | 株式会社デンソー | スパークプラグ |
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EP3694684A1 (de) | 2020-08-19 |
US20210151959A1 (en) | 2021-05-20 |
CA3086430C (en) | 2023-08-22 |
US11189993B2 (en) | 2021-11-30 |
CN113423530A (zh) | 2021-09-21 |
JP7314137B2 (ja) | 2023-07-25 |
EP3694684B1 (de) | 2022-03-02 |
DK3694684T3 (da) | 2022-05-16 |
CN113423530B (zh) | 2023-08-04 |
CA3086430A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
WO2020124103A1 (de) | 2020-06-25 |
ES2910166T3 (es) | 2022-05-11 |
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