JP2022074427A - Farming material and method of manufacturing farming material - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a new farming material capable of preventing rot, mold, and bugs from occurring or appearing when the farming material is manufactured or used, and a method of manufacturing the farming material.SOLUTION: A farming material 1 including rice bran 10 as a principal raw material is obtained by adding water 3 and photosynthetic bacteria 4 to roasted rice bran 11 obtained by heat sterilizing the rice bran 10 thereby obtaining bacteria-blended bran 12 and by subjecting the bacteria-blended bran 12 to bacterial fermentation under an anaerobic atmosphere in an air non-permeable bag material 5.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an agricultural material using rice bran as a main raw material and a method for producing the agricultural material.

Rice bran, which is removed during rice milling, contains fertilizer elements such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in a well-balanced manner, and is therefore conventionally used as an agricultural material such as a soil modifier and fertilizer.

However, if rice bran is mixed with the soil of the cultivated land as it is, the organic matter contained in the rice bran is decomposed by microorganisms and nitrogen deficiency (nitrogen starvation) occurs in the soil. Therefore, rice bran is mostly used as a so-called "blurring fertilizer" fermented with oil cake, fish meal or crustaceans (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-27932

However, it is difficult to produce a high-quality blur fertilizer because the blur fertilizer frequently causes putrefaction and mold during production. Moreover, even a high-quality fertilizer with less putrefaction and mold is likely to cause putrefaction and insects when used. For these reasons, rice bran is currently recognized as difficult to use as an agricultural material.

The present invention has been developed in view of the above technical means, and is a novel agricultural material capable of suppressing the growth of putrefaction, mold, and insects during production and use, and production of the agricultural material. The purpose is to provide a method.

The agricultural material of the present invention for solving the above technical problems is an agricultural material using rice bran as a main raw material, and is a fungus containing roasted rice bran sterilized by heating, water, and photosynthetic bacteria. The blended bran is encapsulated in a non-breathable bag material (hereinafter referred to as "material of the present invention").

In the material of the present invention, a material in which 20 mg / 100 g or more of protein is contained in the fungus-blended bran is a preferable embodiment.

In the material of the present invention, it is preferable that the fungus-containing bran contains 5 to 25% by weight of water.

The method for producing an agricultural material of the present invention, which solves the above technical problems, is a method for producing an agricultural material using rice bran as a main raw material, and includes a heat sterilization step of obtaining roasted bran by heating the rice bran. It is characterized by executing a fungus-blending step of obtaining a fungus-blended bran by adding water and photosynthetic bacteria to the roasted bran, and a fermentation step of fermenting the fungus-blended bran in an anaerobic atmosphere (hereinafter, "" It is referred to as "the production method of the present invention").

In the production method of the present invention, it is a preferable embodiment to heat the roasted bran until the number of heat-resistant bacteria contained in the roasted bran becomes 10 CFU / g or less at the time of executing the heat sterilization step.
In the production method of the present invention, it is a preferable embodiment to heat the rice bran with superheated steam at the time of executing the heat sterilization step.

In the production method of the present invention, it is a preferable embodiment to perform heat sterilization while transferring rice bran by a screw conveyor at the time of executing the heat sterilization step.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the growth of putrefaction, mold and insects during production and use.

1A to 1C are schematic views showing the process of the manufacturing method of the present invention, and FIG. 1D is a cross-sectional view showing the material of the present invention manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a bar graph showing a comparison of the protein and free amino acid contents of each of rice bran (defatted rice bran) and the material of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

<Manufacturing method of the present invention>
FIG. 1 shows one implementation step of the manufacturing method of the present invention. The production method of the present invention carries out a "heat sterilization step", a "bacteria blending step", and a "fermentation step".

-Heat sterilization process-
In the heat sterilization step, the roasted bran 11 is obtained by heating the rice bran 10. In the present embodiment, the defatted rice bran was used as the rice bran 10, and the rice bran 10 was heated under predetermined treatment conditions using the heating device 2 shown in FIG. 1 (a) to carry out the heat sterilization step.

・ Heating device 2
In the heating device 2, a screw conveyor 22 is arranged in a hollow cylindrical furnace 21, and the rice bran 10 charged from the hopper 23 is sequentially transferred toward the discharge port 24 to heat the rice bran 10. There is. A fine net 25 is wound around the screw conveyor 22 so that the rice bran 10 to be transferred does not fall off from the screw conveyor 22 when the indirect sterilization step is executed. Further, in the present embodiment, superheated steam (S) is used as a heat medium for heating the rice bran 10. In the heating device 2, the superheated steam (S) is introduced into the furnace 21 through four steam introduction pipes 26 provided radially with a phase difference of 90 degrees with respect to the furnace 21, and the steam introduction pipe 26 is introduced. It is injected toward the screw conveyor 22 from a plurality of steam supply ports 28 provided in the steam supply pipe 27 connected to the above. The injected superheated steam (S) passes through the net 25 and comes into contact with the rice bran 10 transferred by the screw conveyor 22. The heating device 2 is provided with a pressure adjusting valve (not shown) so that the pressure inside the furnace 21 does not become excessively high due to the introduction of superheated steam (S).

-Treatment conditions The heat sterilization step is mainly performed to remove bacteria present in rice bran 10. In the present embodiment, the temperature inside the furnace 21 is maintained at 220 ± 10 ° C. by introducing heated steam (S), and the heating time (staying time in the furnace 21 of the rice bran 10) is set to 47 seconds. The heat sterilization step was carried out. As shown in Table 1 below, the number of heat-resistant bacteria (values measured by the Handford improved agar medium method and the standard agar medium method) of the roasted bran 11 obtained by performing the heat sterilization step under the above treatment conditions is substantial. It was zero.

-Bacterial compounding process-
In the fungus-blending step, water 3 and photosynthetic bacteria 4 are added to the roasted bran 11 to obtain a fungus-blended bran. In the present embodiment, water (distilled water) 3 is blended with the roasted bran 11 obtained by executing the heating step so as to be 15% by weight, and further, photosynthetic bacteria (trade name manufactured by EM Research Institute Co., Ltd.). : EM3S) 4 was added in an appropriate amount (0.5 to 3 g / kg) and sufficiently stirred to obtain a fungus-containing bran 12 (see FIG. 1 (b)).

-Fermentation process-
In the fermentation step, the fungus-containing bran 12 is fermented with bacteria in an anaerobic atmosphere. In the present embodiment, after filling the non-breathable bag material (vinyl translucent bag material) 5 with the fungus-containing bran 12 (see FIG. 1 (c)), the mouth portion is closed and sealed. The fermentation step was carried out to obtain the material 1 of the present invention (see FIG. 1 (d)). In the non-breathable bag material 5, fermentation of the fungal-blended bran 12 by the photosynthetic bacteria 4 is started in an anaerobic atmosphere.

<Material 1 of the present invention>
The material 1 of the present invention is a non-breathable bag in which a fungus-blended bran 12 containing a roasted bran 11, water 3, and a photosynthetic bacterium 4 is enclosed in the non-breathable bag material 5. In an anaerobic atmosphere in the material 5, the fungus-containing bran 12 is fermented by the photosynthetic bacteria 4. As shown in FIG. 2, it has been confirmed that such fermentation increases the content of proteins and free amino acids in the material 1 of the present invention (Bran-blended bran 12). The content of the protein and free amino acid of the material 1 of the present invention may increase or decrease depending on the amount of water 3 mixed in the roasting bran 11 in the fermentation step, the amount of photosynthetic bacteria, the fermentation temperature, and the fermentation time. It has been confirmed. The graph shown in FIG. 2 shows the content of proteins and free amino acids when the material 1 of the present invention was continuously fermented for 3 weeks in a state of being exposed to sunlight during the daytime (). (Measurement by automatic amino acid analysis method at Japan Food Research Laboratories), the protein contained in the rice bran (defatted rice bran) 10 used as a raw material is 14.9 mg / 100 g, whereas the material 1 of the present invention is used. Was confirmed to have a content of 33.85 mg / 100 g, that is, more than twice (more than 30 mg / 100 g). The content of free amino acids was more than 50 mg / 100 g for free arginine, free leucine, free vanillin, free alanine, free proline, free glutamic acid, and free aspartic acid, respectively. In particular, the contents of free aspartic acid, free alanine, and free glutamic acid exceeded 100 mg / 100 g, 150 mg / 100 g, and 200 mg / 100 g, respectively.

The material 1 of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure is suitably used as an agricultural material such as a fertilizer and a soil modifier. The material 1 of the present invention, which is rich in proteins and free amino acids in addition to the fertilizer elements such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium originally contained in the main raw material rice bran 10, was applied (fertilized) to agricultural land as a fertilizer or a soil modifier. In some cases, it has been confirmed that the growth of crops is rapid and that the quality and taste of the harvested crops are improved.

Further, since the material 1 of the present invention produced by the production method of the present invention first removes bacteria existing in the rice bran 10 by executing the heating step, putrefaction, mold and the like hardly occur in the fermentation step.

Further, since photosynthetic bacteria predominate in the distribution of bacteria existing in the material 1 of the present invention by fermentation, putrefactive bacteria are less likely to propagate during use, and putrefaction and insects are hardly generated.

By the way, in the present embodiment, the degreased rice bran is used for the rice bran 10, but as the rice bran 10, raw bran, roasted bran and the like can also be used.

Further, in the present embodiment, during the heat sterilization step, the rice bran 10 is heated by superheated steam (S) while being transferred by the screw conveyor 22, but the heat medium for heating the rice bran 10 is It is not limited to superheated steam (S). For example, if the heat sterilization step is performed on a small amount (gram unit) of rice bran 10, it is also possible to heat the rice bran 10 placed on an iron plate, a frying pan, or the like by lower heat.

However, a large amount of agricultural materials used as fertilizers, soil modifiers, and the like are usually required, and it is not realistic to carry out the production method of the present invention using a small amount of rice bran 10 as a raw material. On the other hand, when a large amount (kilometer unit) of rice bran 10 is heated under low heat, charring and uneven heating always occur. Therefore, in carrying out the heat sterilization step, it is preferable to use superheated steam (S) as a heat medium, and at that time, the rice bran 10 is transferred by the screw conveyor 22 so as not to be blown off by the superheated steam (S). It is a preferable embodiment to heat while heating. The temperature inside the furnace 21 at the time of executing the heating step is preferably set to 200 to 250 ° C., and the heating time is preferably set to 40 to 60 seconds.

In the present embodiment, the number of heat-resistant bacteria in the roasted bran 11 obtained by executing the heat sterilization step is substantially zero, but the number of heat-resistant bacteria in the roasted bran 11 is increased by executing the heating step. It has been confirmed that when the content is 10 CFU / g or less, the generation of putrefaction and mold is suppressed in the fermentation step.

Further, in the present embodiment, distilled water is used for the water 3 used in the fermentation step, but the water is not particularly limited as long as it does not substantially contain bacteria that promote putrefaction. .. Therefore, tap water or the like may be used as the water 3. The blending amount of water 3 is preferably 5 to 25% by weight with respect to the material 1 of the present invention.

Further, in the present embodiment, a commercially available product is used as the photosynthetic bacterium 4 used in the fermentation step, and this commercially available product is a symbiotic culture of filamentous fungi (Bacillus) or the like mainly composed of photosynthetic bacteria. Is. That is, in the present invention, the photosynthetic bacteria 4 used in the fermentation step may contain other bacteria as long as they are not bacteria that promote putrefaction.

The blending amount of the photosynthetic bacteria 4 affects the fermentation speed, but is not particularly limited. Further, since the photosynthetic bacteria 4 are activated by receiving light energy, it is preferable to supply light energy to the fungus-containing bran 12 by using a light source such as sunlight or an electric lamp during the fermentation step.

As described above, the material 1 of the present invention produced by the production method of the present invention contains a protein in response to the fermentation of the photosynthetic bacterium 4. The protein contained in the material 1 of the present invention increases or decreases depending on the degree of fermentation. The protein content of the material 1 of the present invention is preferably 20 mg / 100 g or more.

It should be noted that the present invention can be practiced in various other forms without departing from its spirit or major features. Therefore, the above examples are merely exemplary in all respects and should not be construed in a limited way. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims, and is not bound by the text of the specification. Further, all modifications and modifications belonging to the equivalent scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention can be suitably used as a fertilizer or a soil modifier.

1 Materials of the present invention (materials for agriculture)
10 Rice bran 11 Roasted bran 12 Bacterial bran 2 Heating device 22 Screw conveyor 3 Water 4 Photosynthetic bacteria 5 Non-breathable bag material S Superheated steam

Claims (7)

Agricultural material whose main raw material is rice bran,
Roasted rice bran that has been sterilized by heating, and
water and,
With photosynthetic bacteria
Agricultural material characterized in that a fungus-blended bran comprising the above is enclosed in a non-breathable bag material. In the agricultural material according to claim 1,
Agricultural material containing 20 mg / 100 g or more of protein in a fungus-containing bran. In the agricultural material according to claim 1 or 2,
Agricultural material containing 5 to 25% by weight of water in the fungus-containing bran. It is a manufacturing method of agricultural materials using rice bran as the main raw material.
A heat sterilization process to obtain roasted bran by heating rice bran,
Bacterial compounding process to obtain bacterial compounding bran by adding water and photosynthetic bacteria to roasted bran,
A fermentation process in which bacterial-containing bran is fermented with bacteria in an anaerobic atmosphere,
A method of manufacturing agricultural materials characterized by performing. In the method for manufacturing an agricultural material according to claim 4,
A method for producing an agricultural material that is heated until the number of heat-resistant bacteria contained in the roasted bran becomes 10 CFU / g or less when the heat sterilization step is executed. In the method for manufacturing an agricultural material according to claim 4 or 5.
A method for producing agricultural materials in which rice bran is heated by superheated steam when the heat sterilization step is executed. In the method for manufacturing an agricultural material according to any one of claims 4 to 6.
A method for manufacturing an agricultural material that is sterilized by heating while transferring rice bran by a screw conveyor when the heat sterilization step is executed.

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