JP2021522822A - 幹細胞由来の細胞培養物、幹細胞由来の三次元組織製品、及びそれらの製造及び使用方法 - Google Patents
幹細胞由来の細胞培養物、幹細胞由来の三次元組織製品、及びそれらの製造及び使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図5
Description
本発明は、国立衛生研究所/国立眼病研究所によって授与された助成金番号R01EY022631の下で政府の支援を受けてなされた。政府は本発明において一定の権利を有する。
本出願は、2018年5月9日に出願された米国仮出願第62/669,133号、及び2019年3月29日に出願された米国仮出願第62/826,196号に優先権を主張し、それらの個々は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組込まれる。
本発明は、一般的に、幹細胞の分野に関する。より具体的には、本発明は、ヒト網膜オルガノイドからの幹細胞由来の網膜色素上皮(RPE)単層培養物の生成方法、ヒト人工多能性幹細胞由来の3次元組織製品、及びそれらの製造及び使用方法を提供する。
網膜変性疾患は、網膜光受容体細胞の機能不全及び死が不可逆的な視力喪失、及び時々、完全な失明を導く臨床状態のグループである。現在、多くの網膜変性疾患を予防するために利用できる治療法は存在しない。従って、網膜の発達、細胞の相互作用、及び生理学的及び疾患のメカニズムを研究するための手段を開発する必要が、当技術分野において残っている。さらに、それらの疾患に対する追加の治療法を開発する必要もある。
機能的に成熟した網膜色素上皮(RPE)細胞、及び3次元神経網膜(3DNR)の一部を含む、ヒト人工多能性幹細胞(hiPSC)由来の3次元組織製品が提供され、ここで前記3DNR及びRPE細胞は、神経網膜の層及びRPE細胞の下層を含む複合体を形成するよう、物理的及び機能的に統合される。種々の実施形態によれば、この3次元組織製品においては、RPE細胞及び3DNRは両方とも、ヒト網膜オルガノイドから得られる。
iii) 分化のより進行した段階、培養時間、又はそれらの組合せで得られる。
b)RPE細胞及び3DNRを分離し;
c)RPE細胞の上部に神経網膜パッチを播種し、複合体を形成し;そして
d)適切な培地において前記複合体を共培養することにより、機能的に成熟した網膜色素上皮(RPE)細胞、及び3次元神経網膜(3DNR)から得られた神経網膜パッチを含む、ヒト人工多能性幹細胞(hiPSC)由来の3次元組織製品を製造する方法がまた提供され、ここで共培養に続いて、3DNR及びRPE細胞が物理的に及び機能的に統合し、神経網膜の層及びRPE細胞の下層を含む3次元組織製品を形成する。
定義:
本開示において、「含む(comprises)」、「含む(comprising)」、「含む(containing)」、「有する(having)」などは、米国特許法においてそれらに帰する意味を有することができ、そして「含む(includes)」、「含む(including)」などを意味する場合もあり;用語「本質的になる(consisting essentially of)」又は「本質的になる(consist essentially)」などは、同様に米国特許法に基づく意味を有し、そしてそれらの用語は、制限がなく、基本的又は新規の特性である限り、記載されている以上の存在を可能にし、記載されているものは、記載されているもの以上の存在により変化しないが、しかし先行技術の実施形態を除外する。
網膜の発達及び網膜オルガノイドの形成:
幹細胞由来のRPE単層培養を生成するために使用される以前の方法の要約:
*ワンステップアプローチ:選択または手動ピッキング
*PDFのみ
ヒト網膜オルガノイドからの人工一次RPE(ipRPE)の単離及び特性評価:
ヒト人工一次RPE(ipRPE)単層の特性評価及び開発:
RPE細胞単層の使用:
幹細胞由来の網膜/RPE複合体:
3次元組織製品の製造方法:
ii)付着培養において単一のRPE細胞をプレーティングし(例えば、約25,000〜約300,000細胞/cm2(すなわち、約100,000細胞/cm2)で);そして/又はiii)RPEの単層を生成するために、外因性成長因子、モルフォゲン、又はそれらのシグナル伝達経路のモジュレーターが補充されていない第2培地において、前記プレーティングされた細胞を培養することによる)。RPE細胞は、酵素反応、酵素を含まない解離溶液、又は機械的手段(すなわち、機械的解離)を用いて、単一のRPE細胞に解離される。
3次元組織製品の使用:
組成物:
キット、医薬品及び製造品:
治療方法:
製品を生成するための方法:
工程1.ヒトiPSCからの機能的光受容体を備えた3次元網膜組織の生成。
1.3D網膜カップ及び/又は浮遊RPE組織凝集体からRPE組織の解剖、及びそれらをペトリ皿の中央に集め、培地を吸引する。
2.PBS(約5ml)で2回すすぐ。
3.最後の洗浄液を吸引した後、0.25%のコラゲナーゼIV(又は他の解離試薬)を含むDMEM培地を添加し、そしてそれを4時間放置する(重量を計り、混合し、そして15分間温め、そして使用の前、コラゲナーゼを濾過する)。
4.インキュベーション(37℃、5%CO2)での4時間後、激しくピペッティングすることによりRPE組織を小片に細かくする。
5.25℃で800rpmで5分間、遠心分離する。
6.培地を吸引し、そしてAccumax(又は他の解離試薬)により塊を再懸濁し、そしてインキュベーター内で20〜30分間インキュベートする。
7.割り当てられた時間の後、単一の細胞への解離まで、塊を静かにピペッティングし、そして40μmのナイロンメッシュを用いて溶液を濾過する。
8.細胞を、1cm2当たり約100,000細胞でプレーティングし、そしてRPE培地で増殖される必要がある(表4)。例えば、12mmのマトリゲル(又は他の被覆溶液)被覆されたトランスウェルプレーティングを使用できる。
9.1日ごとに培地を交換する(残骸及び細胞死をきれいにするために、最初の2回は、前にPBSによりすすぐ)。
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本発明の1つまたは複数の実施形態の詳細は、上記の添付の説明に記載されている。本明細書に記載されているものと類似又は同等の任意の方法及び材料を本発明の実施または試験に使用することができるが、好ましい方法および材料をここで説明する。
Claims (30)
- 機能的に成熟した網膜色素上皮(RPE)細胞、及び3次元神経網膜(3DNR)の一部、追加の生体適合性成分、並びに生体適合性足場を含み、前記3DNR、RPE細胞及び追加の生体適合性成分が、神経網膜の層及びRPE細胞の下層を含む複合体を形成するよう、物理的及び機能的に統合され、
前記3DNRが、
i) 未分化の偽重層神経網膜上皮;
ii) 全ての網膜層及びそれらに対応する網膜前駆体細胞型を含む積層神経網膜組織;又は
iii)外顆粒層(ONL)及び双極細胞層(BCL)を含む高度に分化された網膜組織、ここで前記ONLは桿体富化、錐体富化又はそれらの任意の組合せにされ得る、を含み、
前記追加の生体適合性成分が、細胞の生存及び機能のための適切な生体力学的環境を提供し、前記製品の操作を可能にするか、又はその両方を可能にする液体又はゲル形での天然又は合成化合物を含み、そして
前記RPE細胞が、3DNRとの統合の前、前記生体適合性足場の上部で増殖され、そして前記3DNRがRPE細胞の上部に配置される、ヒト人工多能性幹細胞(hiPSC)由来の3次元組織製品。 - 前記RPE細胞及び3DNRが両方ともヒト網膜オルガノイドから得られる、請求項1に記載の3次元組織製品。
- 前記RPE細胞が、
a) 外因性成長因子、モルフォゲン、又はそれらのシグナル伝達経路のモジュレーターが補充されていない第1培地においてヒト網膜オルガノイドを培養し、RPE細胞及び神経網膜(NR)を生成し;
b)前記培養された網膜オルガノイドからRPE細胞組織を単離し;
c)前記単離されたRPE組織を、単一のRPE細胞の懸濁液に解離させ;
d)単一RPE細胞を付着培養にプレーティングし;そして
e) 外因性成長因子、モルフォゲン、又はそれらのシグナル伝達経路のモジュレーターが補充されていない第2培地において、前記プレーティングされた細胞を培養し、RPEの単層を生成することにより調製される、請求項1に記載の3次元組織製品。 - 前記RPE細胞が、
i) 最初のプレーティング又はその後の継代から;
ii) 分化の初期段階で;又は
iii) 分化のより進行した段階、培養時間、又はそれらの組合せで得られる、請求項1又は3に記載の3次元組織製品。 - 前記生体適合足場が、天然又は合成の足場、生分解性材料から製造された足場、非生分解性材料から製造された足場、又はそれらの組合せから成る群から選択される、請求項1に記載の3次元組織製品。
- 機能的に成熟した網膜色素上皮(RPE)細胞、及び3次元神経網膜(3DNR)から得られた神経網膜パッチ、追加の生体適合性成分、並びに生体適合性足場を含む、ヒト人工多能性幹細胞(hiPSC)由来の3次元組織製品の製造方法であって、
a)RPE細胞及び3DNRを生成するためにヒト網膜オルガノイドを培養し;
b)RPE細胞及び3DNRを分離し;
c)RPE細胞の上部に神経網膜パッチを播種し、複合体を形成し;
d)適切な培地において前記複合体を共培養し;そして
e)3DNRからの神経網膜パッチ、RPE細胞、又は3DNRからの神経網膜パッチ及びRPE細胞の両方を、製品に統合された追加の生体適合性成分に埋め込むことを含み、
共培養に続いて、3DNR、RPE細胞及び追加の生体適合性成分が物理的及び機能的に統合し、神経網膜の層及びRPE細胞の下層を含む3次元組織製品を形成し、
前記3DNRが、
i) 未分化の偽重層神経網膜上皮;
ii) 全ての網膜層及びそれらに対応する網膜前駆体細胞型を含む積層神経網膜組織;又は
iii)外顆粒層(ONL)及び双極細胞層(BCL)を含む高度に分化された網膜組織、ここで前記ONLは桿体富化、錐体富化又はそれらの任意の組合せにされ得る、を含み、
前記追加の生体適合性成分が、細胞の生存及び機能のための適切な生体力学的環境を提供し、前記製品の操作を可能にするか、又はその両方を可能にする液体又はゲル形での天然又は合成化合物を含み、そして
前記RPE細胞が、3DNRとの統合の前、前記生体適合性足場の上部で増殖され、そして前記3DNRがRPE細胞の上部に配置される、方法。 - 工程e)の前、前記RPE細胞が、培養され、RPE単層培養物が生成される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記RPE単層培養物が、
i)RPE細胞を、単一RPE細胞の懸濁液に解離させ;
ii)付着培養において単一のRPE細胞をプレーティングし;そして
iii)外因性成長因子、モルフォゲン、又はそれらのシグナル伝達経路のモジュレーターが補充されていない第2培地において、前記プレーティングされた細胞を培養し、RPEの単層を生成することにより生成される、請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記RPE細胞が、
i) 最初のプレーティング又はその後の継代から;
ii) 分化の初期段階で;又は
iii) 分化のより進行した段階、培養時間、又はそれらの組合せで得られる、請求項6〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記RPE細胞が、酵素反応、酵素を含まない解離溶液、又は機械的手段を用いて単一のRPE細胞に解離される、請求項6〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記解離されたRPE細胞が機械的に解離される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記単一のRPE細胞が、約25,000〜約300,000細胞/cm2の密度でプレーティングされる、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記単一のRPE細胞が、約100,000細胞/cm2の密度でプレーティングされる、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記第2培地がRPE細胞の増殖を助ける、請求項6〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記生体適合足場が、天然又は合成の足場、生分解性材料から製造された足場、非生分解性材料から製造された足場、又はそれらの組合せから成る群から選択される、請求項6〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記3DNR及びRPE細胞が、細胞成熟の異なる時期に共培養される、請求項6〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記3DNR及びRPE細胞が、桿体富化3次元組織製品をもたらす培地において共培地される、請求項6〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記3DNR及びRPE細胞が、錐体富化3次元組織製品をもたらす培地において共培地される、請求項6〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の3次元組織製品を、それを必要とする患者の眼に移植することを含む、網膜の疾患、障害又は状態を治療する方法。
- 前記網膜の疾患、障害又は状態が、網膜色素変性症(RP)、レーバー先天性黒内障(LCA)、シュタルガルト病、アッシャー症候群、脈絡膜血症、桿体-錐体又は錐体-桿体ジストロフィー、繊毛病、ミトコンドリア障害、進行性網膜萎縮、変性網膜疾患、加齢性黄斑変性症(AMD)、湿性AMD、乾性AMD、地図状萎縮、家族性又は後天性黄斑症、網膜光受容体疾患、網膜色素上皮性疾患、糖尿病性網膜症、嚢胞性黄斑浮腫、ブドウ膜炎、網膜剥離、外傷性網膜損傷、医原性網膜損傷、黄斑円孔、黄斑部毛細血管拡張症、神経節細胞疾患、視神経細胞疾患、緑内障、視神経症、虚血性網膜疾患、未熟児網膜症、網膜血管閉塞、家族性大動脈瘤、網膜血管疾患、眼血管疾患、血管疾患、及び虚血性視神経障害から成る群から選択される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 網膜の発達、機能、増殖、成熟、分化、生存又はそれらの任意の組合せに影響を及ぼす薬剤のスクリーニング方法であって、
a)請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の3次元組織製品と、少なくとも1つの薬剤とを接触させ;そして
b)前記薬剤が、網膜の発達、機能、増殖、成熟、分化、生存又はそれらの任意の組合せに対する効果を有するかどうかを決定することを含む方法。 - 前記少なくとも1つの薬剤が生物学的薬剤である、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記生物学的薬剤が、成長因子、栄養因子、調節因子、ホルモン、抗体又はその抗原結合フラグメント、小分子、及びペプチドから成る群が選択される、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 網膜の発達を試験するためのインビトロ方法であって、
a)請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の3次元組織製品を調製し;そして
b)前記3次元組織製品内の細胞の細胞相互作用、機能、増殖、成熟、分化、生存、又はそれらの任意の組合せをモニターすることを含む、インビトロ方法。 - 前記モニターリングが、正常な網膜の発達に関する情報を提供する、請求項24に記載のインビトロ方法。
- 前記モニターリングが、網膜及びRPEの相互作用に関する情報を提供する、請求項25に記載のインビトロ方法。
- 前記モニターリングが、網膜の異常発達、疾患、障害又は状態に関する情報を提供する、請求項24に記載のインビトロ方法。
- 前記モニターリングが、網膜の異常発達、疾患、障害又は状態の根本的メカニズムに関する情報を提供する、請求項27に記載のインビトロ方法。
- その必要な患者の眼への移植のためである、網膜の疾患、障害又は状態の治療への使用のための請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の3次元組織製品。
- 前記網膜の疾患、障害又は状態が、網膜色素変性症(RP)、レーバー先天性黒内障(LCA)、シュタルガルト病、アッシャー症候群、脈絡膜血症、桿体-錐体又は錐体-桿体ジストロフィー、繊毛病、ミトコンドリア障害、進行性網膜萎縮、変性網膜疾患、加齢性黄斑変性症(AMD)、湿性AMD、乾性AMD、地図状萎縮、家族性又は後天性黄斑症、網膜光受容体疾患、網膜色素上皮性疾患、糖尿病性網膜症、嚢胞性黄斑浮腫、ブドウ膜炎、網膜剥離、外傷性網膜損傷、医原性網膜損傷、黄斑円孔、黄斑部毛細血管拡張症、神経節細胞疾患、視神経細胞疾患、緑内障、視神経症、虚血性網膜疾患、未熟児網膜症、網膜血管閉塞、家族性大動脈瘤、網膜血管疾患、眼血管疾患、血管疾患、及び虚血性視神経障害から成る群から選択される、請求項29に記載の3次元組織製品。
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