JP2021515064A - 機能性流体潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents
機能性流体潤滑油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021515064A JP2021515064A JP2020543846A JP2020543846A JP2021515064A JP 2021515064 A JP2021515064 A JP 2021515064A JP 2020543846 A JP2020543846 A JP 2020543846A JP 2020543846 A JP2020543846 A JP 2020543846A JP 2021515064 A JP2021515064 A JP 2021515064A
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- Prior art keywords
- hyperbasic
- cleaning agent
- highly
- weight
- detergent
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZWYAVGUHWPLBGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(6-methylheptyl) decanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCC(C)C ZWYAVGUHWPLBGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLLCYXDFVBWGBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(8-methylnonyl) nonanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC(C)C WLLCYXDFVBWGBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005609 naphthenate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940079877 pyrogallol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
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- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
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- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
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- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
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- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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Abstract
Description
トラクター油圧流体組成物であって、
(a)主要量の潤滑粘度の油、ならびに
(b)清浄剤系であって、
(i)低過塩基性スルホナート清浄剤、
(ii)高過塩基性スルホナート清浄剤、および
(iii)1分子あたり約10〜約40個の炭素原子を有する異性化されたノルマルアルファオレフィン由来のアルキル基を有する高過塩基性フェナート清浄剤を含む清浄剤系を含む、上記トラクター油圧流体組成物。
トラクター油圧流体系の低速での低トルク変動を維持しながら、摩擦耐久性を改善する方法であって、
(a)主要量の潤滑粘度の油、ならびに
(b)清浄剤系であって、
(i)低過塩基性スルホナート清浄剤、
(ii)高過塩基性スルホナート清浄剤、および
(iii)1分子あたり約10〜約40個の炭素原子を有する異性化されたノルマルアルファオレフィン由来のアルキル基を有する高過塩基性フェナート清浄剤を含む清浄剤系を含む潤滑油組成物を用いて、前記油圧流体系を潤滑することを含む、上記方法。
本発明は、様々な修正および代替形態が可能であるが、その特定の実施形態が本明細書で詳細に説明される。しかしながら、特定の実施形態の本明細書での説明は、本発明を開示された特定の形態に限定することを意図するものではなく、逆に、本発明は、添付の特許請求の範囲によって定義される本発明の本質および範囲に含まれるすべての修正、等価物、および代替物を網羅することを意図していることを理解されたい。
本明細書で使用される場合、以下の用語は、反対に明確に述べられていない限り、以下の意味を有する。本明細書において、以下の用語および表現は、使用される場合、この下で与えられる意味を有する。
潤滑粘度の油(「ベースストック」または「基油(ベースオイル)」と呼ばれることもある)は、潤滑剤の主要な液体成分であり、たとえば、そこに添加剤および場合によっては他の油がブレンドされて最終的な潤滑剤(または潤滑剤組成物)が生成される。基油は、濃縮物を製造するため、ならびにそれから潤滑油組成物を製造するために有用であり、天然および合成の潤滑油ならびにそれらの組み合わせから選択することができる。
本明細書に記載された組成物は、低過塩基性アルカリールスルホナート塩を含む。特に、本組成物は以下を含む:
(i)少なくとも1つの低過塩基性アルカリールスルホナートカルシウム塩であって、アルカリール基が、プロピレンまたはイソブチレンオリゴマー由来のアルキル基で置換されたアリール基である、少なくとも1つの低過塩基性アルカリールスルホナートカルシウム塩;および/または
(ii)少なくとも1つの低過塩基性アルカリールスルホナートカルシウム塩であって、アルカリール基が、少なくとも1つのノルマルアルファオレフィンまたは異性化ノルマルアルファオレフィン由来のアルキル基で置換されたアリール基であり、前記オレフィンは約18から約30個の炭素原子を有する、少なくとも1つの低過塩基性アルカリールスルホナートカルシウム塩。
これらの低過塩基性アルカリールスルホナートカルシウム塩は、例えば、本明細書に記載されている組成物中の清浄剤および摩擦プロバイダーとして機能することができる。
式中、Rはプロピレンまたはイソブチレンオリゴマー由来のアルキル基であり;Rxは水素またはメチルであり、mは0〜5であり;そしてnは1以上である。
いくつかの実施形態では、mは0.1〜5である。いくつかの実施形態では、nは1である。いくつかの実施形態では、アルキル基は、3〜36、9〜27、または15〜18個の炭素を有する。いくつかの実施形態では、アルキル基は、プロピレンオリゴマーに由来する。
式中、Rは、少なくとも1つのノルマルアルファオレフィンまたは異性化ノルマルアルファオレフィン由来のアルキル基であり、前記オレフィンは約18〜約30個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基であり;Rxは水素またはメチルであり、mは0〜5であり;そしてnは1以上である。
いくつかの実施形態において、mは0.1〜5である。いくつかの実施形態において、nは1である。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、活性物質基準で、300〜800mgKOH/g、400〜800mgKOH/g、400〜700mgKOH/g、450〜700mgKOH/g、500〜700mgKOH/g、500〜700mgKOH/g、500〜600mgKOH/gのTBNを有する1つまたは複数の高過塩基性スルホナート清浄剤を含むことができる。
本開示の一態様では、高過塩基性フェナート清浄剤はフェノール系清浄剤である。本開示の別の態様では、フェノール系清浄剤は、異性化オレフィンフェナート清浄剤である。
使用され得るその他の清浄剤には、油溶性過塩基性スルホナート、サリキサラート、サリチラート、サリゲニン、複合清浄剤およびナフテナート清浄剤、ならびに金属、特にアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属、例えばバリウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、リチウム、カルシウムおよびマグネシウムの他の油溶性アルキルヒドロキシ安息香酸塩(ベンゾアート)が含まれる。最も一般的に使用される金属は、カルシウムおよびマグネシウムであり、両方とも潤滑剤に使用される清浄剤に存在していてよく、カルシウムおよび/またはマグネシウムとナトリウムとの混合物であってよい。
本明細書に開示された潤滑油組成物は、1つ以上の耐摩耗剤を含み得る。耐摩耗剤は金属部品の摩耗を減らす。好適な耐摩耗剤には、ジヒドロカルビルジチオリン酸金属塩、例えば、以下の式(式1)のジヒドロカルビルジチオリン酸亜鉛(ZDDP)が含まれる:
Zn[S−P(=S)(OR1)(OR2))]2 式1
式中、R1およびR2は、同じまたは異なる1〜18個(例えば、2〜12個)の炭素原子を有するヒドロカルビル基であってよく、アルキル、アルケニル、アリール、アリールアルキル、アルカリールおよび脂環式基などの基が含まれる。R1基およびR2基として特に好ましいのは、2〜8個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基である(例えば、アルキル基は、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、イソブチル、sec−ブチル、n−ペンチル、イソペンチル、n−ヘキシル、イソヘキシル、2−エチルヘキシルであってよい)。油溶性を得るために、炭素原子の総数(すなわち、R1+R2)は少なくとも5であろう。したがって、ジヒドロカルビルジチオリン酸亜鉛は、ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛を含み得る。ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛は、第一級、第二級ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛、またはそれらの組み合わせである。ZDDPは、潤滑油組成物の3重量%以下(例えば、0.1〜1.5重量%、または0.5〜1.0重量%)で存在してよい。
本明細書に開示された潤滑油組成物は、1つ以上の酸化防止剤を含み得る。酸化防止剤は、使用中に鉱油が劣化する傾向を減らす。酸化劣化は、潤滑剤中のスラッジ、金属表面のワニス状の堆積物、および粘度の増加によって証明され得る。好適な抗酸化剤には、ヒンダードフェノール、芳香族アミン、ヒンダードアミン(HALS−ヒンダードアミン光安定剤としても知られている)および硫化アルキルフェノール、ならびにそれらのアルカリ金属塩およびアルカリ土類金属塩が含まれる。
本明細書に開示された潤滑油組成物は、1つ以上の分散剤を含み得る。分散剤は、油に不溶の酸化から生じる物質を懸濁液中に維持し、スラッジの凝集および金属部品上の沈殿または堆積を防ぐ。本明細書で有用な分散剤には、ガソリンエンジンおよびディーゼルエンジンでの使用時の堆積物の形成を低減するのに効果的であることが知られている窒素含有無灰(金属フリー)分散剤が含まれる。
NH2(CH2CH2NH)ZH 式2
(式中、zは1〜11である。)
ポリイソブテニル基は、ポリイソブテンに由来し、好ましくは、700〜3000ダルトン(例えば、900〜2500ダルトン)の範囲の数平均分子量(Mn)を有する。例えば、ポリイソブテニルコハク酸イミドは、900〜2500ダルトンのMnを有するポリイソブテニル基由来のモノコハク酸イミドまたはビスコハク酸イミドであり得る。当技術分野で知られているように、分散剤は(例えば、ホウ素化剤または環状カーボネート、エチレンカーボネートなどで)後処理されてよい。
本明細書に開示された潤滑油組成物は、油中の泡を破壊することができる1つまたは複数の泡抑制剤(脱泡剤)を含むことができる。好適な泡抑制剤または消泡抑制剤の非限定的な例としては、シリコーン油またはポリジメチルシロキサン、フルオロシリコーン、アルコキシル化脂肪酸、ポリエーテル(例えば、ポリエチレングリコール)、分岐ポリビニルエーテル、アクリル酸アルキルポリマー、メタクリル酸アルキルポリマー、ポリアルコキシアミンおよびそれらの組み合わせが挙げられる。
本開示の潤滑油組成物はまた、他の従来の添加剤を含み得、これらの添加剤が分散または溶解される潤滑油組成物の任意の望ましい特性を付与または改善することができる。本明細書に開示された潤滑油組成物には、当業者に知られている任意の添加剤を使用することができる。いくつかの好適な添加剤は、Mortier et al.,“Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants”(「潤滑剤の化学および技術」)、第2版、ロンドン、Springer(1996)およびLeslie R.Rudnick,“Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications”(「潤滑剤添加剤:化学および応用」),ニューヨーク,Marcel Dekker(2003)に記載されており、これらの両方は参照により本明細書に包含される。例えば、潤滑油組成物には、酸化防止剤、耐摩耗剤、金属清浄剤などの清浄剤、防錆剤、曇止め剤、解乳化剤、金属不活性化剤、摩擦調整剤、流動点降下剤、消泡剤、共溶媒、腐食防止剤、無灰分散剤、多機能剤、染料、極圧剤など、およびそれらの混合物がブレンドされていてよい。様々な添加剤が知られており、市販されている。これらの添加剤、またはそれらの類似化合物は、通常の混合手順により、本開示の潤滑油組成物の調製に使用することができる。
以下の実施例は、例示のみを目的とするものであり、決して本開示の範囲を限定するものではない。
異性化レベル(I)およびNMR法
オレフィンの異性化レベル(I)は、水素−1(1H)NMRによって測定された。NMRスペクトルは、TopSpin3.2スペクトル処理ソフトウェアを使用して、400MHzにてクロロホルム−dl中、Bruker Ultrashield Plus400で得た。
I = m/(m+n) 式(I)
式中、mは化学シフトが0.3±0.03ppm〜1.01±0.03ppmの間であるメチル基のNMR積分であり、nは化学シフトが1.01±0.03ppm〜1.38±0.10ppmの間であるメチレン基のNMR積分である。
Claims (12)
- トラクター油圧流体組成物であって、
(a)主要量の潤滑粘度の油、ならびに
(b)清浄剤系であって、
(i)低過塩基性スルホナート清浄剤、
(ii)高過塩基性スルホナート清浄剤、および
(iii)1分子あたり約10〜約40個の炭素原子を有する異性化されたノルマルアルファオレフィン由来のアルキル基を有する高過塩基性フェナート清浄剤を含む清浄剤系を含む、上記トラクター油圧流体組成物。 - 前記高過塩基性フェナート清浄剤がカルシウムフェナート清浄剤である、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記カルシウムフェナート清浄剤がC20からC24の異性化オレフィンに由来する、請求項2に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記組成物が、前記高過塩基性フェナート清浄剤からの0.005〜0.08重量%のCaを含む、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記組成物が、前記高過塩基性フェナート清浄剤からの0.01〜0.06重量%のCaを含む、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記組成物が亜鉛ジアキルジチオホスファート清浄剤を含む、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- トラクター油圧流体系の低速での低トルク変動を維持しながら、ブレーキおよびクラッチ能力を改善する方法であって、
(a)主要量の潤滑粘度の油、ならびに
(b)清浄剤系であって、
(i)低過塩基性スルホナート清浄剤、
(ii)高過塩基性スルホナート清浄剤、および
(iii)1分子あたり約10〜約40個の炭素原子を有する異性化されたノルマルアルファオレフィン由来のアルキル基を有する高過塩基性フェナート清浄剤を含む清浄剤系を含む潤滑油組成物を用いて、前記トラクター油圧流体系を潤滑することを含む、上記方法。 - 前記高過塩基性スルホナート清浄剤がカルシウムフェナート清浄剤である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記カルシウムフェナート清浄剤がC20からC24の異性化オレフィンに由来する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、前記高過塩基性フェナート清浄剤からの0.005〜0.08重量%のCaを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、前記高過塩基性フェナート清浄剤からの0.01〜0.06重量%のCaを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が亜鉛ジアキルジチオホスファート清浄剤を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
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