CA3087248A1 - Functional fluids lubricating oil compositions - Google Patents
Functional fluids lubricating oil compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA3087248A1 CA3087248A1 CA3087248A CA3087248A CA3087248A1 CA 3087248 A1 CA3087248 A1 CA 3087248A1 CA 3087248 A CA3087248 A CA 3087248A CA 3087248 A CA3087248 A CA 3087248A CA 3087248 A1 CA3087248 A1 CA 3087248A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- detergent
- lubricating oil
- overbased
- lubricating
- oil composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;diphenoxide Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 4
- -1 alkyldienes Chemical class 0.000 description 43
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 38
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 13
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 11
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000768 polyamine Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical class O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000005165 hydroxybenzoic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000010689 synthetic lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- CIRMGZKUSBCWRL-LHLOQNFPSA-N (e)-10-[2-(7-carboxyheptyl)-5,6-dihexylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]dec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC1C=CC(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C(\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C1CCCCCC CIRMGZKUSBCWRL-LHLOQNFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZJTUOGZUKFLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclooctane Chemical group CC1CC(C)CC(C)CC(C)C1 BZJTUOGZUKFLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MGTZNGICWXYDPR-ZJWHSJSFSA-N 3-[[(2r)-2-[[(2s)-2-(azepane-1-carbonylamino)-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1h-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]butanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)NC(C)CC(O)=O)C(=O)N1CCCCCC1 MGTZNGICWXYDPR-ZJWHSJSFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical class O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RDAGYWUMBWNXIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzene Chemical class CCCCC(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1CC(CC)CCCC RDAGYWUMBWNXIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEYQUBZGSWAPGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-di(nonyl)benzene Chemical class CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC YEYQUBZGSWAPGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLPSARLYTKXVSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanamine Chemical compound CC(N)C1=CN=CS1 RLPSARLYTKXVSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSOYMOAPJZYXTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(C=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 GSOYMOAPJZYXTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUCFNMOPTGEHQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-2h-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine Chemical compound C1=NC=C2C(Br)=NNC2=C1 NUCFNMOPTGEHQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLPFFLWZZBQMAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(C#N)=CC=C1C1N2C=NC=C2CCC1 CLPFFLWZZBQMAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTWGHNZAQVTLSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-butyl-2,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 WTWGHNZAQVTLSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCQAFXHLHBGGSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nonyl-n-(4-nonylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C1 FCQAFXHLHBGGSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZBGMTRNNJMLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-L C1(=CC=CC=C1)CS(=O)(=O)[O-].[Ca+2].C1(=CC=CC=C1)CS(=O)(=O)[O-] Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=C1)CS(=O)(=O)[O-].[Ca+2].C1(=CC=CC=C1)CS(=O)(=O)[O-] PZBGMTRNNJMLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTJFFFGAUHQWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl adipate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCC XTJFFFGAUHQWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAPVYZRWKDXNDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N P,P-Dioctyldiphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(CCCCCCCC)C=C1 QAPVYZRWKDXNDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical class [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001911 terphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylbenzene Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
- C10M159/22—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
- C10M159/24—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/042—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/022—Ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
- C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a detergent system, and a method of improving brake and clutch capacity while maintaining low torque variation at low speed of a tractor hydraulic system.
Description
FUNCTIONAL FLUIDS LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITIONS
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0001] Modern lubricating oil formulations are designed to exacting specifications often set by original equipment manufacturers. To meet such specifications, various additives are used, together with base oils of lubricating viscosity. Depending on the application, a typical lubricating oil composition may contain dispersants, detergents, anti-oxidants, wear inhibitors, rust inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, foam inhibitors, and friction modifiers just to name a few. Different applications will govern the type of additives that will go into a lubricating oil composition.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0001] Modern lubricating oil formulations are designed to exacting specifications often set by original equipment manufacturers. To meet such specifications, various additives are used, together with base oils of lubricating viscosity. Depending on the application, a typical lubricating oil composition may contain dispersants, detergents, anti-oxidants, wear inhibitors, rust inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, foam inhibitors, and friction modifiers just to name a few. Different applications will govern the type of additives that will go into a lubricating oil composition.
[0002] A functional fluid is a term which encompasses a variety of fluids including but not limited to tractor hydraulic fluids, power transmission fluids including automatic transmission fluids, continuously variable transmission fluids and manual transmission fluids, hydraulic fluids, gear oils, power steering fluids, fluids used in wind turbines and fluids related to power train components. It should be noted that within each of these fluids such as, for example, automatic transmission fluids, there are a variety of different types of fluids due to the various transmissions having different designs which have led to the need for fluids of markedly different functional characteristics.
[0003] With respect to tractor hydraulic fluids, these fluids are all-purpose (or multi-purpose) products used for all lubricant applications in a tractor except for lubricating the engine. Also included as a tractor hydraulic fluid for the purposes of this invention are so-called Super Tractor Oil Universal fluids or "STOU" fluids, which also lubricate the engine.
These lubricating applications may include lubrication of gearboxes, power take-off and clutch(es), rear axles, reduction gears, wet brakes, and hydraulic accessories. The components included within a tractor fluid must be carefully chosen so that the final resulting fluid composition will provide all the necessary characteristics required in the different applications. Such characteristics may include the ability to provide proper frictional properties for preventing wet brake and/or clutch chatter of oil immersed brakes and clutches while simultaneously providing the ability to actuate wet brakes and clutches, particularly provide power take-off (PTO) clutch performance. A tractor fluid must provide sufficient antiwear and extreme pressure properties as well as water tolerance/filterability capabilities.
The extreme pressure (EP) properties of tractor fluids, important in gearing applications, may be demonstrated by the ability of the fluid to pass a spiral bevel test as well as a straight spur gear test. The tractor fluid may need to pass wet brake chatter tests while providing adequate wet brake capacity when used in oil immersed disk brakes which are comprised of cellulose, bronze, graphitic-compositions and asbestos, among other materials. The tractor fluid may need to demonstrate its ability to provide friction retention for power shift transmission clutches such as those clutches which include, cellulose and graphitic clutches, among other materials.
These lubricating applications may include lubrication of gearboxes, power take-off and clutch(es), rear axles, reduction gears, wet brakes, and hydraulic accessories. The components included within a tractor fluid must be carefully chosen so that the final resulting fluid composition will provide all the necessary characteristics required in the different applications. Such characteristics may include the ability to provide proper frictional properties for preventing wet brake and/or clutch chatter of oil immersed brakes and clutches while simultaneously providing the ability to actuate wet brakes and clutches, particularly provide power take-off (PTO) clutch performance. A tractor fluid must provide sufficient antiwear and extreme pressure properties as well as water tolerance/filterability capabilities.
The extreme pressure (EP) properties of tractor fluids, important in gearing applications, may be demonstrated by the ability of the fluid to pass a spiral bevel test as well as a straight spur gear test. The tractor fluid may need to pass wet brake chatter tests while providing adequate wet brake capacity when used in oil immersed disk brakes which are comprised of cellulose, bronze, graphitic-compositions and asbestos, among other materials. The tractor fluid may need to demonstrate its ability to provide friction retention for power shift transmission clutches such as those clutches which include, cellulose and graphitic clutches, among other materials.
[0004] When the functional fluid is a tractor hydraulic fluid, the fluids must have enough friction for the system to operate effectively. The term "friction durability" will be used to describe the property of the fluid to retain its original frictional properties. For example, a fluid with good friction durability will exhibit small changes in the frictional properties during its useful life. It is important that the tractor hydraulic fluid maintains its frictional properties throughout its life to ensure optimal operation of brakes and clutches.
[0005] The present disclosure generally relates to lubricating oil compositions which improve or maintain frictional durability while maintaining low torque variation at low speed when used as tractor hydraulic fluids.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0006] In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a tractor hydraulic fluid composition which comprises:
(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and (b) a detergent system comprising:
(1) a low overbased sulfonate detergent;
(ii) a high overbased sulfonate detergent; and (iii) a high overbased phenate detergent having an alkyl group derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule.
(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and (b) a detergent system comprising:
(1) a low overbased sulfonate detergent;
(ii) a high overbased sulfonate detergent; and (iii) a high overbased phenate detergent having an alkyl group derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule.
[0007] Also provided is a method of improving frictional durability while maintaining low torque variation at low speed of a tractor hydraulic system comprising lubricating said hydraulic system with a lubricating oil composition comprising:
(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and (b) a detergent system comprising:
(1) a low overbased sulfonate detergent;
(ii) a high overbased sulfonate detergent; and (iii) a high overbased phenate detergent having an alkyl group derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISLCOSURE
(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and (b) a detergent system comprising:
(1) a low overbased sulfonate detergent;
(ii) a high overbased sulfonate detergent; and (iii) a high overbased phenate detergent having an alkyl group derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISLCOSURE
[0008] While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
[0009] To facilitate the understanding of the subject matter disclosed herein, a number of terms, abbreviations or other shorthand as used herein are defined below.
Any term, abbreviation or shorthand not defined is understood to have the ordinary meaning used by a skilled artisan contemporaneous with the submission of this application.
DEFINITIONS
Any term, abbreviation or shorthand not defined is understood to have the ordinary meaning used by a skilled artisan contemporaneous with the submission of this application.
DEFINITIONS
[0010] As used herein, the following terms have the following meanings, unless expressly stated to the contrary. In this specification, the following words and expressions, if and when used, have the meanings given below.
[0011] A "major amount" means in excess of 50 weight % of a composition.
[0012] A "minor amount" means less than 50 weight % of a composition, expressed in respect of the stated additive and in respect of the total mass of all the additives present in the composition, reckoned as active ingredient of the additive or additives.
[0013] "Active ingredients" or "actives" or "oil free" refers to additive material that is not diluent or solvent.
[0014] The abbreviation "ppm" means parts per million by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
[0015] Total base number (TBN) was determined in accordance with ASTM
D2896. TBN numbers are reported on an "actives" or "oil-free" basis.
D2896. TBN numbers are reported on an "actives" or "oil-free" basis.
[0016] Metal ¨ The term "metal" refers to alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or mixtures thereof
[0017] Kinematic viscosity at 100 C (KVioo) was determined in accordance with ASTM D445.
[0018] Olefins ¨ The term "olefins" refers to a class of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, obtained by a number of processes. Those containing one double bond are called mono-alkenes, and those with two double bonds are called dienes, alkyldienes, or diolefins. Alpha olefins are particularly reactive because the double bond is between the first and second carbons. Examples are 1-octene and 1-octadecene, which are used as the starting point for medium-biodegradable surfactants.
Linear and branched olefins are also included in the definition of olefins.
Linear and branched olefins are also included in the definition of olefins.
[0019] Normal Alpha Olefins ¨ The term "Normal Alpha Olefins" refers to olefins which are straight chain, non-branched hydrocarbons with carbon-carbon double bond present in beginning and end of the chain.
[0020] Isornerzed Normal Alpha Olefin. The term Isomerized Normal Alpha Olefin"
as used herein refers to an alpha olefin that has been subjected to isomerization conditions which results in an alteration of the distribution of the olefin species present and/or the introduction of branching along the alkyl chain. The isotnerized olefin product may be obtained by isomerizing a linear tA.1plia olefin containing from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms, preferably from about 20 to about 28 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 20 to about 24 carbon atoms.
as used herein refers to an alpha olefin that has been subjected to isomerization conditions which results in an alteration of the distribution of the olefin species present and/or the introduction of branching along the alkyl chain. The isotnerized olefin product may be obtained by isomerizing a linear tA.1plia olefin containing from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms, preferably from about 20 to about 28 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 20 to about 24 carbon atoms.
[0021] All ASTM standards referred to herein are the most current versions as of the filing date of the present application.
[0022] In one aspect, the lubricating oil composition of the present disclosure improves frictional durability while maintaining low torque variation at low speed when used as a tractor hydraulic fluid. In another aspect, the lubricating oil composition of the present disclosure maintains frictional durability while maintaining low torque variation at low speed when used as a tractor hydraulic fluid
[0023] In one aspect, the lubricating oil composition of the present disclosure comprises a detergent system comprising: a low overbased sulfonate detergent, a high overbased sulfonate detergent; and a high overbased phenate detergent.
[0024] In another aspect, the detergent system of the present disclosure provides synergistic performance benefits when used in lubricating oil compositions for tractor hydraulic fluids.
Oil of lubricatin2 viscosity
Oil of lubricatin2 viscosity
[0025] The oil of lubricating viscosity (sometimes referred to as "base stock" or "base oil") is the primary liquid constituent of a lubricant, into which additives and possibly other oils are blended, for example to produce a final lubricant (or lubricant composition). A base oil is useful for making concentrates as well as for making lubricating oil compositions therefrom, and may be selected from natural and synthetic lubricating oils and combinations thereof
[0026] Natural oils include animal and vegetable oils, liquid petroleum oils and hydrorefined, solvent-treated mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic and mixed paraffinic-naphthenic types. Oils of lubricating viscosity derived from coal or shale are also useful base oils.
[0027] Synthetic lubricating oils include hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized olefins (e.g., polybutylenes, polypropylenes, propylene-isobutylene copolymers, chlorinated polybutylenes, poly( 1 -hexene s), poly( 1 -octene s), poly( 1 -decene s) ;
alkylbenzenes (e.g., dodecylbenzenes, tetradecylbenzenes, dinonylbenzenes, di(2-ethylhexyl)benzenes; polyphenols (e.g., biphenyls, terphenyls, alkylated polyphenols); and alkylated diphenyl ethers and alkylated diphenyl sulfides and the derivatives, analogues and homologues thereof
alkylbenzenes (e.g., dodecylbenzenes, tetradecylbenzenes, dinonylbenzenes, di(2-ethylhexyl)benzenes; polyphenols (e.g., biphenyls, terphenyls, alkylated polyphenols); and alkylated diphenyl ethers and alkylated diphenyl sulfides and the derivatives, analogues and homologues thereof
[0028] Another suitable class of synthetic lubricating oils comprises the esters of dicarboxylic acids (e.g., malonic acid, alkyl malonic acids, alkenyl malonic acids, succinic acid, alkyl succinic acids and alkenyl succinic acids, maleic acid, fumaric acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, adipic acid, linoleic acid dimer, phthalic acid) with a variety of alcohols (e.g., butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoether, propylene glycol). Specific examples of these esters include dibutyl adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di-n-hexyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, diisodecyl azelate, dioctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, dieicosyl sebacate, the 2-ethylhexyl diester of linoleic acid dimer, and the complex ester formed by reacting one mole of sebacic acid with two moles of tetraethylene glycol and two moles of 2-ethylhexanoic acid.
[0029] Esters useful as synthetic oils also include those made from C5 to monocarboxylic acids and polyols, and polyol ethers such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol.
[0030] The base oil may be derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons.
Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons are made from synthesis gas containing H2 and CO
using a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst. Such hydrocarbons typically require further processing in order to be useful as the base oil. For example, the hydrocarbons may be hydroisomerized;
hydrocracked and hydroisomerized; dewaxed; or hydroisomerized and dewaxed;
using processes known to those skilled in the art.
Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons are made from synthesis gas containing H2 and CO
using a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst. Such hydrocarbons typically require further processing in order to be useful as the base oil. For example, the hydrocarbons may be hydroisomerized;
hydrocracked and hydroisomerized; dewaxed; or hydroisomerized and dewaxed;
using processes known to those skilled in the art.
[0031] Unrefined, refined and re-refined oils can be used in the present lubricating oil composition. Unrefined oils are those obtained directly from a natural or synthetic source without further purification treatment. For example, a shale oil obtained directly from retorting operations, a petroleum oil obtained directly from distillation or ester oil obtained directly from an esterification process and used without further treatment would be unrefined oil. Refined oils are similar to the unrefined oils except they have been further treated in one or more purification steps to improve one or more properties. Many such purification techniques, such as distillation, solvent extraction, acid or base extraction, filtration and percolation are known to those skilled in the art.
[0032] Re-refined oils are obtained by processes similar to those used to obtain refined oils applied to refined oils which have been already used in service. Such re-refined oils are also known as reclaimed or reprocessed oils and often are additionally processed by techniques for approval of spent additive and oil breakdown products.
[0033] Hence, the base oil which may be used to make the present lubricating oil composition may be selected from any of the base oils in Groups I-V as specified in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines (API
Publication 1509). Such base oil groups are summarized in Table 1 below:
Table 1 Base Oil Properties Group(a) Saturates(b), wt. % Sulfur(o, wt. %
Viscosity Index' Group I <90 and/or >0.03 80 to <120 Group II >90 <0.03 80 to <120 Group III >90 <0.03 >120 Group IV Polyalphaolefins (PA0s) Group V All other base stocks not included in Groups I, II, III or IV
(a) Groups I-III are mineral oil base stocks.
(b) Determined in accordance with ASTM D2007.
(c) Determined in accordance with ASTM D2622, ASTM D3120, ASTM D4294 or ASTM
D4927.
(d) Determined in accordance with ASTM D2270.
Publication 1509). Such base oil groups are summarized in Table 1 below:
Table 1 Base Oil Properties Group(a) Saturates(b), wt. % Sulfur(o, wt. %
Viscosity Index' Group I <90 and/or >0.03 80 to <120 Group II >90 <0.03 80 to <120 Group III >90 <0.03 >120 Group IV Polyalphaolefins (PA0s) Group V All other base stocks not included in Groups I, II, III or IV
(a) Groups I-III are mineral oil base stocks.
(b) Determined in accordance with ASTM D2007.
(c) Determined in accordance with ASTM D2622, ASTM D3120, ASTM D4294 or ASTM
D4927.
(d) Determined in accordance with ASTM D2270.
[0034] Base oils suitable for use herein are any of the variety corresponding to API
Group II, Group III, Group IV, and Group V oils and combinations thereof, preferably the Group III to Group V oils due to their exceptional volatility, stability, viscometric and cleanliness features.
Group II, Group III, Group IV, and Group V oils and combinations thereof, preferably the Group III to Group V oils due to their exceptional volatility, stability, viscometric and cleanliness features.
[0035] The oil of lubricating viscosity for use in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure, also referred to as a base oil, is typically present in a major amount, e.g., an amount of greater than 50 wt. %, preferably greater than about 70 wt. %, more preferably from about 80 to about 99.5 wt. % and most preferably from about 85 to about 98 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition. The expression "base oil" as used herein shall be understood to mean a base stock or blend of base stocks which is a lubricant component that is produced by a single manufacturer to the same specifications (independent of feed source or manufacturer's location); that meets the same manufacturer's specification; and that is identified by a unique formula, product identification number, or both. The base oil for use herein can be any presently known or later-discovered oil of lubricating viscosity used in formulating lubricating oil compositions for any and all such applications, e.g., engine oils, marine cylinder oils, functional fluids such as hydraulic oils, gear oils, transmission fluids, etc.
Additionally, the base oils for use herein can optionally contain viscosity index improvers, e.g., polymeric alkylmethacrylates; olefinic copolymers, e.g., an ethylene-propylene copolymer or a styrene-butadiene copolymer; and the like and mixtures thereof.
Additionally, the base oils for use herein can optionally contain viscosity index improvers, e.g., polymeric alkylmethacrylates; olefinic copolymers, e.g., an ethylene-propylene copolymer or a styrene-butadiene copolymer; and the like and mixtures thereof.
[0036] As one skilled in the art would readily appreciate, the viscosity of the base oil is dependent upon the application. Accordingly, the viscosity of a base oil for use herein will ordinarily range from about 2 to about 2000 centistokes (cSt) at 100 Centigrade (C.).
Generally, individually the base oils used as engine oils will have a kinematic viscosity range at 100 C. of about 2 cSt to about 30 cSt, preferably about 3 cSt to about 16 cSt, and most preferably about 4 cSt to about 12 cSt and will be selected or blended depending on the desired end use and the additives in the finished oil to give the desired grade of engine oil, e.g., a lubricating oil composition having an SAE Viscosity Grade of OW, OW-8, OW-12, OW-16, OW-20, OW-26, OW-30, OW-40, 0W-50, OW-60, 5W, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50, 5W-60, 10W, 10W-20, 10W-30, 10W-40, 10W-50, 15W, 15W-20, 15W-30, 15W-40, 20, 30, 40, and the like. Also, oils could be blended in viscosity grades specific to tractor hydraulic fluids such as J20C and/or J20D.
Low Overbased (LOB) Sulfonate Deter2ent
Generally, individually the base oils used as engine oils will have a kinematic viscosity range at 100 C. of about 2 cSt to about 30 cSt, preferably about 3 cSt to about 16 cSt, and most preferably about 4 cSt to about 12 cSt and will be selected or blended depending on the desired end use and the additives in the finished oil to give the desired grade of engine oil, e.g., a lubricating oil composition having an SAE Viscosity Grade of OW, OW-8, OW-12, OW-16, OW-20, OW-26, OW-30, OW-40, 0W-50, OW-60, 5W, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50, 5W-60, 10W, 10W-20, 10W-30, 10W-40, 10W-50, 15W, 15W-20, 15W-30, 15W-40, 20, 30, 40, and the like. Also, oils could be blended in viscosity grades specific to tractor hydraulic fluids such as J20C and/or J20D.
Low Overbased (LOB) Sulfonate Deter2ent
[0037] The compositions described herein comprise low overbased alkaryl sulfonate salts. In particular, the compositions comprise:
(i) at least one low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salt wherein the alkaryl group is an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group derived from propylene or isobutylene oligomers; and / or (ii) at least one low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salt, wherein the alkaryl group is an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group derived from at least one normal alpha olefin or an isomerized normal alpha olefin, said olefin having from about 18 to about 30 carbon atoms.
These low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salts can serve, e.g., as detergents and friction providers in the compositions described herein.
(i) at least one low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salt wherein the alkaryl group is an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group derived from propylene or isobutylene oligomers; and / or (ii) at least one low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salt, wherein the alkaryl group is an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group derived from at least one normal alpha olefin or an isomerized normal alpha olefin, said olefin having from about 18 to about 30 carbon atoms.
These low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salts can serve, e.g., as detergents and friction providers in the compositions described herein.
[0038] In some embodiments, the low overbased alkaryl sulfonate detergent is derived from an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or mixtures thereof.
[0039] In some embodiments, the at least one low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salt having an alkaryl group that is an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group derived from propylene or isobutylene oligomers has the following formula A:
Rx Rx Rx ¨SO3- ca 2+ -SO3- Ca2+ 03S-- [CaCO3], R -2 -n or - (A) wherein R is an alkyl group derived from propylene or isobutylene oligomers;
Rx is hydrogen or methyl, m is 0 to 5; and n is 1 or greater.
In some embodiments, m is 0.1-5. In some embodiments, n is 1. In some embodiments, the alkyl group has 3-36, 9-27, or 15-18 carbons. In some embodiments, the alkyl group is derived from propylene oligomers.
Rx Rx Rx ¨SO3- ca 2+ -SO3- Ca2+ 03S-- [CaCO3], R -2 -n or - (A) wherein R is an alkyl group derived from propylene or isobutylene oligomers;
Rx is hydrogen or methyl, m is 0 to 5; and n is 1 or greater.
In some embodiments, m is 0.1-5. In some embodiments, n is 1. In some embodiments, the alkyl group has 3-36, 9-27, or 15-18 carbons. In some embodiments, the alkyl group is derived from propylene oligomers.
[0040] In some embodiments, the at least one low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salt having an alkaryl group that is an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group derived from at least one normal alpha olefin or an isomerized normal alpha olefin, said olefin having from about 18 to about 30 carbon atoms, has the following structure B:
Rx Rx [ij-SO3 Ca2+ ¨SO3- Ca 2+ [CaCO3], R -2 -n or - (B) wherein R is an alkyl group derived from at least one normal alpha olefin or an isomerized normal alpha olefin, said olefin having from about 18 to about 30 carbon atoms;
Rx is hydrogen or methyl, m is 0 to 5; and n is 1 or greater.
In some embodiments, m is 0.1-5. In some embodiments, n is 1.
Rx Rx [ij-SO3 Ca2+ ¨SO3- Ca 2+ [CaCO3], R -2 -n or - (B) wherein R is an alkyl group derived from at least one normal alpha olefin or an isomerized normal alpha olefin, said olefin having from about 18 to about 30 carbon atoms;
Rx is hydrogen or methyl, m is 0 to 5; and n is 1 or greater.
In some embodiments, m is 0.1-5. In some embodiments, n is 1.
[0041] In some embodiments, each of the low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salts (A) or (B) above is a low overbased alkyl-substituted benzene or low overbased alkyl-substituted toluene sulfonate calcium salt.
[0042] The calcium content accounted for by the at least one low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salt (A) or (B) present in the oil composition is 0.001 to 0.1 weight percent of the lubricating oil composition. In some embodiments, the calcium content is 0.01 to 0.09, 0.01 to 0.08, 0.01 to 0.07, or 0.01 to 0.06, 0.01 to 0.05, 0.01 to 0.04, 0.01 to 0.03, 0.01 to 0.02 weight percent of the lubricating oil.
[0043] In some embodiments, the low overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium salt (B) is one wherein the alkaryl group is an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group derived from at least one normal alpha olefin or an isomerized normal alpha olefin, said olefin having from about 20 to about 24 carbon atoms.
[0044] In some embodiments, each or both of the alkaryl sulfonate calcium salts (A) or (B) is low overbased, wherein the TBN is less than 150, less than 140, less than 130, less than 120, less than 110, less than 100, less than 90, less than 80, less than 70, less than 60, less than 50, less than 40, less than 30, less than 20, or less than 10. In some embodiments, each or both of the alkyaryl sulfonate calcium salts (A) or (B) has a TBN of 2-100, 2-80, or 2-60.
Hi2h Overbased (HOB) Sulfonate Deter2ent
Hi2h Overbased (HOB) Sulfonate Deter2ent
[0045] The lubricating oil composition of the present invention can contain one or more high overbased sulfonate detergents having a TBN of 300-800, 400-800, 400-700, 450-700, 500-700, 500-700, 500-600 mg KOH/g on an actives basis.
[0046] Sulfonates may be prepared from sulfonic acids which are typically obtained by the sulfonation of alkyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbons such as those obtained from the fractionation of petroleum or by the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons.
Examples included those obtained by alkylating benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, diphenyl or their halogen derivatives. The alkylation may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst with alkylating agents having from about 3 to more than 70 carbon atoms. The alkaryl sulfonates usually contain from about 9 to about 80 or more carbon atoms, preferably from about 16 to about 60 carbon atoms, preferably about 16 to 30 carbon atoms, and more preferably 20-24 carbon atoms per alkyl substituted aromatic moiety.
Examples included those obtained by alkylating benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, diphenyl or their halogen derivatives. The alkylation may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst with alkylating agents having from about 3 to more than 70 carbon atoms. The alkaryl sulfonates usually contain from about 9 to about 80 or more carbon atoms, preferably from about 16 to about 60 carbon atoms, preferably about 16 to 30 carbon atoms, and more preferably 20-24 carbon atoms per alkyl substituted aromatic moiety.
[0047] In some embodiments, the high overbased detergent is a high overbased alkaryl sulfonate calcium detergent. In some embodiments, the calcium content of the high overbased detergent is 0.001 to 2.0, 0.01 1.0, 0.01 to 0.90, 0.01 to 0.70, 0.01 to 0.50, 0.01 to 0.40, 0.01 to 0.30; 0.01 to 0.20, 0.01 to 0.17 weight percent of the lubricating oil composition.
Hi2h Overbased (HOB) Phenate Deter2ent
Hi2h Overbased (HOB) Phenate Deter2ent
[0048] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the high overbased phenate detergent is a phenolic-based detergent. In another aspect of the present disclosure, the phenolic-based detergent is an isomerized olefin phenate detergent.
[0049] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the high overbased phenate detergent has a TBN of 300-600, 300-500,300-450, 300- 400, 325-425, 350-425, 350-400 mgKOH/gram on an oil free basis.
[0050] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the phenolic-based detergent is an alkylated phenate detergent wherein the alkyl group is derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule.
[0051] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the phenolic-based detergent has an isomerization level (I) of the normal alpha olefin is between from about 0.10 to about 0.40, preferably from about 0.10 to about 0.30, preferably from about 0.12 to about 0.30, and more preferably from about 0.22 to about 0.30.
[0052] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the phenate detergent is a sulfurized phenate detergent.
[0053] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the isomerized olefin phenate detergent can be prepared as described in US Patent 8,580,717 which is herein incorporated in its entirety.
[0054] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the alkyl group is derived from an isomerized alpha olefin having from about 14 to about 30, from about 16 to about 30, from about 18 to about 30, from about 20 to about 28, 20 to about 24, or from about 18 to about 28 carbon atoms per molecule.
[0055] In another embodiment, the isomerization level of the alpha olefin is about 0.26, and having from about 20 to about 24 carbon atoms.
[0056] in some embodiments, the calcium content of the high overbased phenate detergent is from 0.005 to 0.08, 0.01 to 0.08, 0.01 to 0.07, 0.01 to 0.06, 0.01 to 0.05, 0.01 to 0.045 weight percent, based on the weight of the oil composition.
Other Detergents
Other Detergents
[0057] Other detergents that may be used include oil-soluble overbased sulfonate, salixarate, salicylate, saligenm, complex detergents and naphthenate detergents and other oil-soluble alkylhydroxybenzoates of a metal, particularly the alkali or alkaline earth metals, e.g., barium, sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, and magnesium. The most commonly used metals are calcium and magnesium, which may both be present in detergents used in a lubricant, and mixtures of calcium and/or magnesium with sodium.
[0058] Overbased metal detergents are generally produced by carbonating a mixture of hydrocarbons, detergent acid, for example: sulfonic acid, alkylhydroxybenzoate etc., metal oxide or hydroxides (for example calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide) and promoters such as xylene, methanol and water. For example, for preparing an overbased calcium sulfonate, in carbonation, the calcium oxide or hydroxide reacts with the gaseous carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate. The sulfonic acid is neutralized with an excess of CaO or Ca(OH)2, to form the sulfonate.
[0059] Overbased detergents may be low overbased, e.g., an overbased salt having a TBN below 100 on an actives basis. In one embodiment, the TBN of a low overbased salt may be from about 30 to about 100. In another embodiment, the TBN of a low overbased salt may be from about 30 to about 80. Overbased detergents may be medium overbased, e.g., an overbased salt having a TBN from about 100 to about 250. In one embodiment, the TBN of a medium overbased salt may be from about 100 to about 200. In another embodiment, the TBN of a medium overbased salt may be from about 125 to about 175. Overbased detergents may be high overbased, e.g., an overbased salt having a TBN above 250. In one embodiment, the TBN of a high overbased salt may be from about 250 to about 800 on an actives basis.
[0060] In one embodiment, the detergent can be one or more alkali or alkaline earth metal salts of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid. Suitable hydroxyaromatic compounds include mononuclear monohydroxy and polyhydroxy aromatic hydrocarbons having 1 to 4, and preferably 1 to 3, hydroxyl groups. Suitable hydroxyaromatic compounds include phenol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, pyrogallol, cresol, and the like. The preferred hydroxyaromatic compound is phenol.
[0061] The alkyl substituted moiety of the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid is derived from an alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 80 carbon atoms. The olefins employed may be linear, isomerized linear, branched or partially branched linear. The olefin may be a mixture of linear olefins, a mixture of isomerized linear olefins, a mixture of branched olefins, a mixture of partially branched linear or a mixture of any of the foregoing.
[0062] In one embodiment, the mixture of linear olefins that may be used is a mixture of normal alpha olefins selected from olefins having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule. In one embodiment, the normal alpha olefins are isomerized using at least one of a solid or liquid catalyst.
[0063] In one embodiment, at least about 50 mole%, at least about 75 mole%, at least about 80 mole%, at least about 85 mole%, at least about 90 mole%, at least about 95 mole%
of the alkyl groups contained within the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid such as the alkyl groups of an alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid detergent are a Czo or higher. In another embodiment, the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid is an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid that is derived from an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid in which the alkyl groups are Czo to about C28 normal alpha-olefins. In another embodiment, the alkyl group is derived from at least two alkylated phenols.
The alkyl group on at least one of the at least two alkyl phenols is derived from an isomerized alpha olefin.
The alkyl group on the second alkyl phenol may be derived from branched or partially branched olefins, highly isomerized olefins or mixtures thereof.
of the alkyl groups contained within the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid such as the alkyl groups of an alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid detergent are a Czo or higher. In another embodiment, the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid is an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid that is derived from an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid in which the alkyl groups are Czo to about C28 normal alpha-olefins. In another embodiment, the alkyl group is derived from at least two alkylated phenols.
The alkyl group on at least one of the at least two alkyl phenols is derived from an isomerized alpha olefin.
The alkyl group on the second alkyl phenol may be derived from branched or partially branched olefins, highly isomerized olefins or mixtures thereof.
[0064] In another embodiment, the alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid is a salicylate derived from an alkyl group with 20-40 carbon atoms, preferably 20-28 carbon atoms, more preferably, isomerized 20-24 NAO.
Antiwear Agents
Antiwear Agents
[0065] The lubricating oil composition disclosed herein can comprise one or more antiwear agent. Antiwear agents reduce wear of metal parts. Suitable anti-wear agents include dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate metal salts such as zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphates (ZDDP) of formula (Formula 1):
Zn[S¨P(=S)(OR')(0R2)12 Formula 1, wherein IV and R2 may be the same of different hydrocarbyl radicals having from 1 to 18 (e.g., 2 to 12) carbon atoms and including radicals such as alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkaryl and cycloaliphatic radicals. Particularly preferred as 12.' and R2 groups are alkyl groups having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms (e.g., the alkyl radicals may be ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, 2-ethylhexyl). In order to obtain oil solubility, the total number of carbon atoms (i.e., Ri+R2) will be at least 5. The zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate can therefore comprise zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates. The zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate is a primary, secondary zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, or a combination thereof.ZDDP may be present at 3 wt. % or less (e.g., 0.1 to 1.5 wt. %, or 0.5 to 1.0 wt %) of the lubricating oil composition.
Antioxidants
Zn[S¨P(=S)(OR')(0R2)12 Formula 1, wherein IV and R2 may be the same of different hydrocarbyl radicals having from 1 to 18 (e.g., 2 to 12) carbon atoms and including radicals such as alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkaryl and cycloaliphatic radicals. Particularly preferred as 12.' and R2 groups are alkyl groups having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms (e.g., the alkyl radicals may be ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, 2-ethylhexyl). In order to obtain oil solubility, the total number of carbon atoms (i.e., Ri+R2) will be at least 5. The zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate can therefore comprise zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates. The zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate is a primary, secondary zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, or a combination thereof.ZDDP may be present at 3 wt. % or less (e.g., 0.1 to 1.5 wt. %, or 0.5 to 1.0 wt %) of the lubricating oil composition.
Antioxidants
[0066] The lubricating oil composition disclosed herein can comprise one or more antioxidant. Antioxidants reduce the tendency of mineral oils during to deteriorate during service. Oxidative deterioration can be evidenced by sludge in the lubricant, varnish-like deposits on the metal surfaces, and by viscosity growth. Suitable antioxidants include hindered phenols, aromatic amines, hindered amines (also known as HALS-Hindered Amine light Stabilizers) and sulfurized alkylphenols and alkali and alkaline earth metals salts thereof
[0067] The hindered amines used in this invention are of many types, with three types predominating: pyrimidines, piperidines and stable nitroxide compounds. Many more are described in the book "Nitrones, Nitronates, and Nitroxides", E. Breuer, et al., 1989, John Wiley & Sons and in Patents such as US9315760.
[0068] The hindered phenol antioxidant often contains a secondary butyl and/or a tertiary butyl group as a sterically hindering group. The phenol group may be further substituted with a hydrocarbyl group (typically linear or branched alkyl) and/or a bridging group linking to a second aromatic group. Examples of suitable hindered phenol antioxidants include 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol; 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol; 4-ethyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol; 4-propy1-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol; 4-butyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol; and 4-dodecy1-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol. Other useful hindered phenol antioxidants include 2,6-di-alkyl-phenolic propionic ester derivatives such as IRGANOX L-135 from Ciba and bis-phenolic antioxidants such as 4,4'-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) and 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol).
Typical aromatic amine antioxidants have at least two aromatic groups attached directly to one amine nitrogen. Typical aromatic amine antioxidants have alkyl substituent groups of at least 6 carbon atoms. Particular examples of aromatic amine antioxidants useful herein include 4,4'-dioctyldiphenylamine, 4,4'-dinonyldiphenylamine, N-phenyl-l-naphthylamine, N-(4-tert-octypheny1)-1-naphthylamine, and N-(4-octylpheny1)-1-naphthylamine.
Antioxidants may be present at 0.01 to 5 wt. % (e.g., 0.1 to 2 wt. %) of the lubricating oil composition.
Dispersants
Typical aromatic amine antioxidants have at least two aromatic groups attached directly to one amine nitrogen. Typical aromatic amine antioxidants have alkyl substituent groups of at least 6 carbon atoms. Particular examples of aromatic amine antioxidants useful herein include 4,4'-dioctyldiphenylamine, 4,4'-dinonyldiphenylamine, N-phenyl-l-naphthylamine, N-(4-tert-octypheny1)-1-naphthylamine, and N-(4-octylpheny1)-1-naphthylamine.
Antioxidants may be present at 0.01 to 5 wt. % (e.g., 0.1 to 2 wt. %) of the lubricating oil composition.
Dispersants
[0069] The lubricating oil composition disclosed herein can comprise one or more dispersant. Dispersants maintain in suspension materials resulting from oxidation that are insoluble in oil, thus preventing sludge flocculation and precipitation or deposition on metal parts. Dispersants useful herein include nitrogen-containing, ashless (metal-free) dispersants known to effective to reduce formation of deposits upon use in gasoline and diesel engines.
[0070] Suitable dispersants include hydrocarbyl succinimides, hydrocarbyl succinamides, mixed ester/amides of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid, hydroxyesters of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid, and Mannich condensation products of hydrocarbyl-substituted phenols, formaldehyde and polyamines. Also suitable are condensation products of polyamines and hydrocarbyl-substituted phenyl acids. Mixtures of these dispersants can also be used.Basic nitrogen-containing ashless dispersants are well-known lubricating oil additives and methods for their preparation are extensively described in the patent literature. Preferred dispersants are the alkenyl succinimides and succinamides where the alkenyl-substituent is a long-chain of preferably greater than 40 carbon atoms. These materials are readily made by reacting a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid material with a molecule containing amine functionality. Examples of suitable amines are polyamines such as polyalkylene polyamines, hydroxy-substituted polyamines and polyoxyalkylene polyamines.
[0071] Particularly preferred ashless dispersants are the polyisobutenyl succinimides formed from polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride and a polyalkylene polyamine such as a polyethylene polyamine of formula 2:
NH2( CH2 CH2NH)zH Formula 2, wherein z is 1 to 11. The polyisobutenyl group is derived from polyisobutene and preferably has a number average molecular weight (Mn) in a range of 700 to 3000 Daltons (e.g., 900 to 2500 Daltons). For example, the polyisobutenyl succinimide may be a mono-succinimide or a bis-succinimide derived from a polyisobutenyl group having a Mn of 900 to 2500 Daltons. As is known in the art, the dispersants may be post-treated (e.g., with a boronating agent or a cyclic carbonate, ethylene carbonate etc).
NH2( CH2 CH2NH)zH Formula 2, wherein z is 1 to 11. The polyisobutenyl group is derived from polyisobutene and preferably has a number average molecular weight (Mn) in a range of 700 to 3000 Daltons (e.g., 900 to 2500 Daltons). For example, the polyisobutenyl succinimide may be a mono-succinimide or a bis-succinimide derived from a polyisobutenyl group having a Mn of 900 to 2500 Daltons. As is known in the art, the dispersants may be post-treated (e.g., with a boronating agent or a cyclic carbonate, ethylene carbonate etc).
[0072] Nitrogen-containing ashless (metal-free) dispersants are basic, and contribute to the TBN of a lubricating oil composition to which they are added, without introducing additional sulfated ash.Dispersants may be present at 0.1 to 10 wt. % (e.g., 2 to 5 wt. %) of the lubricating oil composition.
Foam Inhibitors
Foam Inhibitors
[0073] The lubricating oil composition disclosed herein can comprise one or more foam inhibitor that can break up foams in oils. Non-limiting examples of suitable foam inhibitors or anti-foam inhibitors include silicone oils or polydimethylsiloxanes, fluorosilicones, alkoxylated aliphatic acids, polyethers (e.g., polyethylene glycols), branched polyvinyl ethers, alkyl acrylate polymers, alkyl methacrylate polymers, polyalkoxyamines and combinations thereof Additional Co-Additives
[0074] The lubricating oil compositions of the present disclosure may also contain other conventional additives that can impart or improve any desirable property of the lubricating oil composition in which these additives are dispersed or dissolved. Any additive known to a person of ordinary skill in the art may be used in the lubricating oil compositions disclosed herein. Some suitable additives have been described in Mortier et al., "Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants", 2nd Edition, London, Springer, (1996); and Leslie R. Rudnick, "Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications", New York, Marcel Dekker (2003), both of which are incorporated herein by reference. For example, the lubricating oil compositions can be blended with antioxidants, anti-wear agents, detergents such as metal detergents, rust inhibitors, dehazing agents, demulsifying agents, metal deactivating agents, friction modifiers, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents, co-solvents, corrosion-inhibitors, ashless dispersants, multifunctional agents, dyes, extreme pressure agents and the like and mixtures thereof A variety of the additives are known and commercially available. These additives, or their analogous compounds, can be employed for the preparation of the lubricating oil compositions of the disclosure by the usual blending procedures.
[0075] In the preparation of lubricating oil formulations, it is common practice to introduce the additives in the form of 10 to 100 wt. % active ingredient concentrates in hydrocarbon oil, e.g. mineral lubricating oil, or other suitable solvent.
[0076] Usually these concentrates may be diluted with 3 to 100, e.g., 5 to 40, parts by weight of lubricating oil per part by weight of the additive package in forming finished lubricants, e.g. tractor hydraulic fluids. The purpose of concentrates, of course, is to make the handling of the various materials less difficult and awkward as well as to facilitate solution or dispersion in the final blend.
[0077] Each of the foregoing additives, when used, is used at a functionally effective amount to impart the desired properties to the lubricant. Thus, for example, if an additive is a friction modifier, a functionally effective amount of this friction modifier would be an amount sufficient to impart the desired friction modifying characteristics to the lubricant.
[0078] In general, the concentration of each of the additives in the lubricating oil composition, when used, may range from about 0.001 wt. % to about 20 wt. %, from about 0.01 wt. % to about 15 wt. %, or from about 0.1 wt. % to about 10 wt. %, from about 0.005 wt.% to about 5 wt.%, or from about 0.1 wt.% to about 2.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. Further, the total amount of the additives in the lubricating oil composition may range from about 0.001 wt.% to about 20 wt.%, from about 0.01 wt.% to about 10 wt.%, or from about 0.1 wt.% to about 5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
[0079] The following examples are presented to exemplify embodiments of the invention but are not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments set forth.
Unless indicated to the contrary, all parts and percentages are by weight. All numerical values are approximate. When numerical ranges are given, it should be understood that embodiments outside the stated ranges may still fall within the scope of the invention.
Specific details described in each example should not be construed as necessary features of the invention.
EXAMPLES
The following examples are intended for illustrative purposes only and do not limit in any way the scope of the present disclosure.
Isomerization level (I) and NMR method
Unless indicated to the contrary, all parts and percentages are by weight. All numerical values are approximate. When numerical ranges are given, it should be understood that embodiments outside the stated ranges may still fall within the scope of the invention.
Specific details described in each example should not be construed as necessary features of the invention.
EXAMPLES
The following examples are intended for illustrative purposes only and do not limit in any way the scope of the present disclosure.
Isomerization level (I) and NMR method
[0080] The isomerization level (I) of the olefin was determined by hydrogen-1 (1H) NMR. The NMR spectra were obtained on a Bruker Ultrashield Plus 400 in chloroform-dl at 400 MHz using TopSpin 3.2 spectral processing software.
[0081] The isomerization level (I) represents the relative amount of methyl groups (-CH3) (chemical shift 0.3-1.01 ppm) attached to the methylene backbone groups (-CH2-) (chemical shift 1.01-1.38 ppm) and is defined by Equation (1) as shown below, I = m/(m+n) Equation (I) where m is NMR integral for methyl groups with chemical shifts between 0.3 0.03 to 1.01 0.03 ppm, and n is NMR integral for methylene groups with chemical shifts between 1.01 0.03 to 1.38 0.10 ppm.
[0082] The isomerized level (I) of the alpha olefin is between from about 0.1 to about 0.4, preferably from about 0.1 to about 0.3, more preferably from about 0.12 to about 0.3.
[0083] In one embodiment, the isomerization level of the NAO is about 0.16, and having from about 20 to about 24 carbon atoms.
[0084] In another embodiment, the isomerization level of the NAO is about 0.26, and having from about 20 to about 24 carbon atoms.
[0085] Provided herein are Tractor Hydraulic Fluid Compositions which are envisioned for the present disclosure. Examples of the disclosure will generally include test formulations disclosed in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2: TEST COMPOSITIONS
Description Wt. %
LOB Sulfonate 0.001 to 5.0 HOB Sulfonate 0.001 to 5.0 HOB Phenate 0.001 to 5.0 Other Additives (Example: Dispersants, Other Detergents, 0.01 to 30 Antioxidants, Viscosity Improvers, Wear Inhibitors, Foam Inhibitors, Friction Modifiers, etc.) Base Oils 0.1 to 99.9
TABLE 2: TEST COMPOSITIONS
Description Wt. %
LOB Sulfonate 0.001 to 5.0 HOB Sulfonate 0.001 to 5.0 HOB Phenate 0.001 to 5.0 Other Additives (Example: Dispersants, Other Detergents, 0.01 to 30 Antioxidants, Viscosity Improvers, Wear Inhibitors, Foam Inhibitors, Friction Modifiers, etc.) Base Oils 0.1 to 99.9
[0086] Examples of the disclosure will generally include test formulations disclosed in Table 3 below.
Table 3: Formulation Compositions Ex 1 Comp A Ex 2 Comp B Ex 3 Comp C
Phenate 1 (wt. 0.012 0 0.020 0 0.040 0 % Ca) Phenate 2 (wt. 0 0.012 0 0.020 0 0.040 % Ca) LOB sulfonate 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 (wt. % Ca) HOB sulfonate 0.240 0.240 0.240 0.240 0.240 0.240 (wt. % Ca) Friction 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 Modifier (wt%) ZnDTP (mM) 15 15 15 15 15 15 Foam inhibitor 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 (wt%) Dispersant 4.22 4.22 4.22 4.22 4.22 4.22 PMA (wt%) PPD (wt%) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Base oil (wt%) 11.42 11.42 11.45 11.47 11.45 11.45 Phenate 1 is Ca phenate derived from C20-24 isomerized olefin Phenate 2 is Ca phenate derived from tetrapropylene
Table 3: Formulation Compositions Ex 1 Comp A Ex 2 Comp B Ex 3 Comp C
Phenate 1 (wt. 0.012 0 0.020 0 0.040 0 % Ca) Phenate 2 (wt. 0 0.012 0 0.020 0 0.040 % Ca) LOB sulfonate 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 (wt. % Ca) HOB sulfonate 0.240 0.240 0.240 0.240 0.240 0.240 (wt. % Ca) Friction 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 Modifier (wt%) ZnDTP (mM) 15 15 15 15 15 15 Foam inhibitor 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 (wt%) Dispersant 4.22 4.22 4.22 4.22 4.22 4.22 PMA (wt%) PPD (wt%) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Base oil (wt%) 11.42 11.42 11.45 11.47 11.45 11.45 Phenate 1 is Ca phenate derived from C20-24 isomerized olefin Phenate 2 is Ca phenate derived from tetrapropylene
[0087]
The test formulations in Table 3 were evaluated in the R20 test which is an axle brake screener test. It is a friction endurance test that tracks friction coefficients and brake noise at various friction plate engagement steps that include multiple pressures and speeds. This test is part of the ZF TE-ML 05E and TE-ML 05F specifications for axles of off-road vehicles from ZF Friedrichshafen AG, Friedrichshafen, Germany, and is available there.
The test formulations in Table 3 were evaluated in the R20 test which is an axle brake screener test. It is a friction endurance test that tracks friction coefficients and brake noise at various friction plate engagement steps that include multiple pressures and speeds. This test is part of the ZF TE-ML 05E and TE-ML 05F specifications for axles of off-road vehicles from ZF Friedrichshafen AG, Friedrichshafen, Germany, and is available there.
[0088] The results of the R20 test are in Table 4 below.
Table 4: Max Torque Variation at Various Facing Pressure (MPa) MPa Ex 1 Comp A Ex 2 Comp B Ex 3 Comp C
1.0 836.03 1016.85 921.59 1032.88 436.73 536.66 1.5 1154.23 1293.91 1128.87 1210.25 441.63 676.45 2.0 1183.84 1430.68 1069.86 1311.69 441.26 704.81 2.5 1269.61 1551.67 1191.98 1408.00 438.54 757.37 3.0 1387.19 1586.69 1080.82 1459.35 182.45 698.06 3.5 1316.18 1398.84 378.19 1479.77 87.71 309.99 4.0 656.43 1476.73 419.93 871.95 74.80 102.41
Table 4: Max Torque Variation at Various Facing Pressure (MPa) MPa Ex 1 Comp A Ex 2 Comp B Ex 3 Comp C
1.0 836.03 1016.85 921.59 1032.88 436.73 536.66 1.5 1154.23 1293.91 1128.87 1210.25 441.63 676.45 2.0 1183.84 1430.68 1069.86 1311.69 441.26 704.81 2.5 1269.61 1551.67 1191.98 1408.00 438.54 757.37 3.0 1387.19 1586.69 1080.82 1459.35 182.45 698.06 3.5 1316.18 1398.84 378.19 1479.77 87.71 309.99 4.0 656.43 1476.73 419.93 871.95 74.80 102.41
[0089]
The R20 friction testing was performed to compare the low speed brake torque variation performance of formulations containing Phenate 1 (Ca phenate derived from C20-isomerized olefin) versus analogous formulations containing Phenate 2 (Ca phenate derived from tetrapropylene). The results of R20 testing demonstrate that Example formulations 1, 2 and 3 comprising Phenate 1 show reduced low speed brake torque variation as compared to Comparative formulations A, B, and C comprising Phenate 2. This means that formulations containing phenate 1 improved clutch and brake capacity while maintaining low torque variation at low speed. The benefit of mitigated low speed brake torque variation is decreased energy loss and vibration, which correlates to lower risk of damage to mechanical parts, decreased operator discomfort, and less tendency for brake noise.
The R20 friction testing was performed to compare the low speed brake torque variation performance of formulations containing Phenate 1 (Ca phenate derived from C20-isomerized olefin) versus analogous formulations containing Phenate 2 (Ca phenate derived from tetrapropylene). The results of R20 testing demonstrate that Example formulations 1, 2 and 3 comprising Phenate 1 show reduced low speed brake torque variation as compared to Comparative formulations A, B, and C comprising Phenate 2. This means that formulations containing phenate 1 improved clutch and brake capacity while maintaining low torque variation at low speed. The benefit of mitigated low speed brake torque variation is decreased energy loss and vibration, which correlates to lower risk of damage to mechanical parts, decreased operator discomfort, and less tendency for brake noise.
Claims (12)
1. A tractor hydraulic fluid composition comprising:
(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and (b) a detergent system comprising:
a low overbased sulfonate detergent;
(ii) a high overbased sulfonate detergent; and (iii) a high overbased phenate detergent having an alkyl group derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule.
(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and (b) a detergent system comprising:
a low overbased sulfonate detergent;
(ii) a high overbased sulfonate detergent; and (iii) a high overbased phenate detergent having an alkyl group derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule.
2. The lubricating oil composition of claiml wherein the high overbased phenate detergent is a calcium phenate detergent.
3. The lubricating oil composition of claim 2 wherein the calcium phenate detergent is derived from C20 to C24 isomerized olefins.
4. The lubricating oil composition of claiml wherein the composition comprises from 0.005 to 0.08 wt.% Ca from the high overbased phenate detergent.
5. The lubricating oil composition of claiml wherein the composition comprises from 0.01 to 0.06 wt.% Ca from the high overbased phenate detergent.
6. The lubricating oil composition of claiml wherein the composition comprises a zinc diakyl dithioposphate detergent.
7. A method of improving brake and clutch capacity while maintaining low torque variation at low speed of a tractor hydraulic system, the method comprising lubricating said tractor hydraulic system with a lubricating oil composition comprising:
(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and (b) a detergent system comprising:
a low overbased sulfonate detergent;
(ii) a high overbased sulfonate detergent; and (iii) a high overbased phenate detergent having an alkyl group derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule.
(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and (b) a detergent system comprising:
a low overbased sulfonate detergent;
(ii) a high overbased sulfonate detergent; and (iii) a high overbased phenate detergent having an alkyl group derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the high overbased phenate detergent is a calcium phenate detergent.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the calcium phenate detergent is derived from C20 to C24 isomerized olefins.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the composition comprises from 0.005 to 0.08 wt.%
Ca from the high overbased phenate detergent.
Ca from the high overbased phenate detergent.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the composition comprises from 0.01 to 0.06 wt.%
Ca from the high overbased phenate detergent.
Ca from the high overbased phenate detergent.
12. The method of claim 7, wherein the composition comprises a zinc diakyl dithioposphate detergent.
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JPS5971395A (en) * | 1982-10-15 | 1984-04-23 | Mitsubishi Oil Co Ltd | Versatile lubrication oil composition |
IN169147B (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1991-09-07 | Lubrizol Corp | |
JP2002528635A (en) * | 1998-11-03 | 2002-09-03 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | Lubricant with overbased metal salt and organic phosphite |
JP4663843B2 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2011-04-06 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition |
US8618029B2 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2013-12-31 | Chevron Oronite S.A. | Overbased detergents for lubricating oil applications |
US7435709B2 (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2008-10-14 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Linear alkylphenol derived detergent substantially free of endocrine disruptive chemicals |
JP2006241468A (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2006-09-14 | Nippon Oil Corp | Lubricating oil composition for metal belt continuously variable transmission |
US9315760B2 (en) * | 2009-02-02 | 2016-04-19 | Vanderbilt Chemicals, Llc | Ashless lubricant composition |
US8580717B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2013-11-12 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Process for making an overbased, sulfurized salt of an alkylated hydroxyaromatic compound |
JP5211126B2 (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-06-12 | 東燃ゼネラル石油株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition |
US8778853B2 (en) | 2011-11-11 | 2014-07-15 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc. | Glycerol-containing functional fluid |
EP3092289B1 (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2020-08-12 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Method of lubricating an internal combustion engine |
US9499765B2 (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-11-22 | Chevron Japan Ltd. | Lubricating oil compositions for construction machines |
US20170015933A1 (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-01-19 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Additives and lubricating oil compositions for improving low speed pre-ignition |
EP3472278A1 (en) | 2016-06-17 | 2019-04-24 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricating compositions |
CN110770331B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2023-01-24 | 雪佛龙奥伦耐有限责任公司 | Low viscosity engine oils containing isomerized phenol based detergents |
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- 2019-02-28 CA CA3087248A patent/CA3087248A1/en active Pending
- 2019-02-28 WO PCT/IB2019/051606 patent/WO2019166976A1/en unknown
- 2019-02-28 JP JP2020543846A patent/JP7364577B2/en active Active
Also Published As
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EP3759199A1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
JP2021515064A (en) | 2021-06-17 |
CN111684054A (en) | 2020-09-18 |
KR20200125936A (en) | 2020-11-05 |
SG11202006213SA (en) | 2020-07-29 |
US20190264128A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
JP7364577B2 (en) | 2023-10-18 |
CN111684054B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
WO2019166976A1 (en) | 2019-09-06 |
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