JP2021135024A - 原料の処理装置および処理方法 - Google Patents
原料の処理装置および処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 47
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010849 combustible waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
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- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
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- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/081—Supplying products to non-electrochemical reactors that are combined with the electrochemical cell, e.g. Sabatier reactor
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- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
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- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
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- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
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- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
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- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/02—Combustion or pyrolysis
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Abstract
Description
一態様では、前記第1流動化ガス供給ラインは、前記第1流動化ガスとして酸素フリーガスを前記熱分解室内に供給する酸素フリーガス供給ラインである。
一態様では、前記処理装置は、前記電気分解装置によって生成された水素を格納する水素ホルダをさらに備えており、前記水素ホルダは、前記電気分解装置と前記メタネーション反応器との間に配置されている。
一態様では、前記処理装置は、前記電気分解装置によって生成された酸素を格納する酸素ホルダをさらに備えており、前記酸素ホルダは、前記電気分解装置と前記燃焼室との間に配置されている。
一態様では、前記第1流動化ガスは、酸素フリーガスである。
図1は、可燃性廃棄物などの原料を処理するための処理装置の一実施形態を示す模式図である。図1に示す処理装置は、原料の焼却炉である流動床炉1と、水を電気分解して水素と酸素を生成する電気分解装置2と、流動床炉1から排出された二酸化炭素、および電気分解装置2によって生成された水素からメタンを生成するメタネーション反応器3を備えている。
CO2+4H2→CH4+2H2O (1)
2H2O→2H2+O2 (2)
上記式(1)から分かるように、1当量のCO2をCH4に変換するためには、4当量のH2が必要である。上記式(2)によれば、水の電気分解で4当量のH2を得たときには2当量のO2が生成される。
2 電気分解装置
3 メタネーション反応器
6 熱分解室
7 燃焼室
10 仕切壁
11 第1流動化ガス供給ライン
12 第2流動化ガス供給ライン
15 第1風箱
16 第2風箱
18 第1流動床
19 第2流動床
22 排ガス出口
24 燃焼排ガス移送ライン
25 二酸化炭素戻りライン
30 酸素移送ライン
35 連通路
37 原料供給口
41 生成ガス出口
45 生成ガス移送ライン
47 サイクロン
48 スクラバ
50 不燃物排出口
53 メタン移送ライン
54 ドレイン
55 ボイラ
56 減温塔
57 集塵装置
58 スクラバ
60 水供給ライン
61 水素移送ライン
62 CO2フリー発電機
65 水素ホルダ
66 水素流量制御弁
70 酸素ホルダ
71 酸素流量制御弁
75 二酸化炭素測定器
80 制御部
86 温度計
87 酸素濃度計測器
91 生成ガス戻りライン
92 メタン戻りライン
Claims (8)
- 原料の処理装置であって、
仕切壁で仕切られた熱分解室および燃焼室を内部に有する流動床炉と、
水を電気分解して水素と酸素を生成する電気分解装置と、
前記燃焼室から排出された二酸化炭素と、前記水素からメタンを生成するメタネーション反応器と、
第1流動化ガスを前記熱分解室内に供給する第1流動化ガス供給ラインと、
前記二酸化炭素の一部と、前記酸素を第2流動化ガスとして前記燃焼室に導く第2流動化ガス供給ラインを備えている、処理装置。 - 前記電気分解装置は、CO2フリー発電機に電気的に接続されている、請求項1に記載の処理装置。
- 前記第1流動化ガス供給ラインは、前記第1流動化ガスとして酸素フリーガスを前記熱分解室内に供給する酸素フリーガス供給ラインである、請求項1または2に記載の処理装置。
- 前記処理装置は、前記電気分解装置によって生成された水素を格納する水素ホルダをさらに備えており、
前記水素ホルダは、前記電気分解装置と前記メタネーション反応器との間に配置されている、請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の処理装置。 - 前記処理装置は、前記電気分解装置によって生成された酸素を格納する酸素ホルダをさらに備えており、
前記酸素ホルダは、前記電気分解装置と前記燃焼室との間に配置されている、請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の処理装置。 - 仕切壁で仕切られた熱分解室および燃焼室を内部に有する流動床炉を用いて原料を処理する方法であって、
水を電気分解して水素と酸素を生成し、
前記燃焼室内の流動媒体を前記熱分解室に移動させながら、第1流動化ガスを前記熱分解室に供給し、
前記原料を前記熱分解室内で熱分解し、
前記原料の残渣を前記燃焼室内で燃焼させ、
前記燃焼室から排出された二酸化炭素と、前記水素からメタンを生成し、
前記二酸化炭素の一部と前記酸素を第2流動化ガスとして前記燃焼室に供給する、方法。 - 前記水の電気分解は、CO2フリー電力を用いて行われる、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第1流動化ガスは、酸素フリーガスである、請求項6または7に記載の方法。
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