JP2020514966A - 密閉型陽極燃料電池の始動方法 - Google Patents
密閉型陽極燃料電池の始動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04179—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by purging or increasing flow or pressure of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04552—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/04873—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
Description
本出願は2016年12月21日に出願された米国特許出願第62/437,421号の非仮出願であり、これは参照により組み込まれる。
Claims (20)
- 燃料電池モジュールを始動させる方法であって、
スタックからの電力以外の電力を用いてモジュールのカソード側を通して空気を吹き付けるステップと、
モジュールのアノード側に、カソード側の空気の圧力よりも大きい第1の圧力下で、そしてその後に、第1の圧力よりも低い第2の圧力の下で水素を供給するステップと、
十分に充電された状態の出現のためにモジュール内のセルの電圧を監視するステップと、
モジュールを動作状態に変換するステップと、
を含む、方法。 - 空気が、通常の運転条件で使用される最低速度の20%以下の速度で、または通常の運転条件で使用されるファンよりも小さいファンによって、カソードを通って吹き込まれる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 有限量の水素が放出されてモジュールのアノード側と連通する、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記水素は、前方圧力調整器を介して放出される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記モジュールの前記アノード側が、例えば、通気されることなく、及び/又は水素を再循環させることなく閉じられる、請求項3又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記十分に充電された状態は、前記モジュールが動作しているときに負の電圧を有さないように十分に充電されている、最も充電されていないセルによって示される、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 十分に充電された状態が閾値充電、例えば、その完全に充電された状態の25〜50%を超える最低充電セルによって示される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記動作状態は、前記モジュールの燃料電池がプラントの少なくとも残りの部分、例えば、前記カソード側と連通している送風機に電力を供給することを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記動作状態は、前記モジュールに水素を連続的に供給することを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の圧力は、可変圧力である、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 燃料電池モジュールを始動させる方法であって、
電池からの電力を用いてモジュールのカソード側に空気を吹き込むステップと、
前記モジュールのアノード側が閉じている間に、前記モジュールのアノード側に少量の水素を放出するステップと、
各セルまたは監視されるセルのグループにおける最小電圧の出現のために、モジュール内のセルの電圧を監視するステップと、
前記モジュールを動作状態に変換するステップと、
を含む、方法。 - 空気が、通常の運転条件で使用される最低速度の20%以下の速度で、または通常の運転条件で使用されるファンよりも小さいファンによって、カソードを通って吹き込まれる、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 少量の水素を放出するステップが水素入口弁を開放し、次いで閉鎖することを含む、請求項11又は請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記水素は、前方圧力調整器を介して放出される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記モジュールの前記アノード側が、例えば、通気されることなく、及び/又は水素を再循環させることなく閉じられる、請求項13又は請求項14に記載の方法。
- 十分に充電された状態は、前記モジュールが動作しているときに負の電圧を有さないように十分に充電されている、最も充電されていないセルまたは監視されているセルのグループによって示される、請求項11〜15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 十分に充電された状態は閾値電荷、例えば、その公称電圧の2550%を超える、最小充電セルまたは監視されたセル群によって示される、請求項11〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記動作状態は、前記モジュールの燃料電池がプラントの少なくとも残りの部分、例えば、前記カソード側と連通する送風機に電力を供給することを特徴とする、請求項11〜17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記動作状態は、前記モジュールに水素を連続的に供給することを特徴とする、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 燃料電池モジュールを始動させる方法であって、
モジュールのアノード側を通して水素を分散させるステップと、
前記モジュールのセルの電圧を増加させるのに有効なモジュールのアノード側への圧力を提供しながら、バッテリからの電力を使用してモジュールのカソード側を通して空気を吹き付けるステップと、
前記モジュールのセルが少なくとも最小電圧に達した後、前記モジュールを動作状態に変換するステップと、
を含む、方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201662437421P | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | |
US62/437,421 | 2016-12-21 | ||
PCT/CA2017/051553 WO2018112630A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2017-12-20 | Closed anode fuel cell startup method |
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JP2020514966A true JP2020514966A (ja) | 2020-05-21 |
JP7468971B2 JP7468971B2 (ja) | 2024-04-16 |
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US (3) | US11362349B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3560017A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7468971B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102562257B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN110088959B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3046272A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018112630A1 (ja) |
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CN115411305B (zh) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-05-16 | 中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司 | 一种燃料电池启动过程的等效电路模型 |
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JP2009146748A (ja) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-07-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
US20150064509A1 (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2015-03-05 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Fuel cell start up method |
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CN100349317C (zh) * | 2003-04-08 | 2007-11-14 | 亚太燃料电池科技股份有限公司 | 燃料电池组的控制装置及方法 |
CA2527286C (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2015-03-03 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Passive electrode blanketing in a fuel cell |
US7344788B2 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2008-03-18 | General Motors Corporation | Starting a fuel cell system using ambient air and a low voltage blower |
US7468215B2 (en) | 2004-07-02 | 2008-12-23 | American Power Conversion Corporation | Self-starting fuel cell assembly |
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JP5559002B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-18 | 2014-07-23 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその起動方法 |
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KR101592377B1 (ko) | 2013-10-18 | 2016-02-05 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료 전지 차량의 시동 장치 및 방법 |
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- 2017-12-20 WO PCT/CA2017/051553 patent/WO2018112630A1/en unknown
- 2017-12-20 CN CN201780078814.9A patent/CN110088959B/zh active Active
- 2017-12-20 EP EP17884189.6A patent/EP3560017A4/en active Pending
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Patent Citations (2)
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JP2009146748A (ja) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-07-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
US20150064509A1 (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2015-03-05 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Fuel cell start up method |
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KR102562257B1 (ko) | 2023-07-31 |
US11362349B2 (en) | 2022-06-14 |
EP3560017A4 (en) | 2020-12-02 |
CA3046272A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
EP3560017A1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
CN110088959A (zh) | 2019-08-02 |
US10930950B2 (en) | 2021-02-23 |
US11411232B2 (en) | 2022-08-09 |
WO2018112630A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
US20180175415A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
US20210020971A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
JP7468971B2 (ja) | 2024-04-16 |
US20200075974A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 |
KR20190103215A (ko) | 2019-09-04 |
CN110088959B (zh) | 2022-08-09 |
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