JP2020066714A - 界面活性剤組成物及び水系樹脂分散体 - Google Patents
界面活性剤組成物及び水系樹脂分散体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020066714A JP2020066714A JP2018201966A JP2018201966A JP2020066714A JP 2020066714 A JP2020066714 A JP 2020066714A JP 2018201966 A JP2018201966 A JP 2018201966A JP 2018201966 A JP2018201966 A JP 2018201966A JP 2020066714 A JP2020066714 A JP 2020066714A
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- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
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- VAZSKTXWXKYQJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)OOS([O-])=O VAZSKTXWXKYQJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNXZJRFPLKGGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butoxy-n-(hydroxymethyl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCCCON(CO)C(=O)C=C HNXZJRFPLKGGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCO1 MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000259 polyoxyethylene lauryl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LPBNNQBYFCZCTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;1-tridecoxytridecane Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCCC LPBNNQBYFCZCTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/26—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents anionic
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- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/30—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents non-ionic
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- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
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- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F290/062—Polyethers
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
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Abstract
Description
項1
界面活性剤(A)及びラジカル重合し得る置換基を有しないアニオン性界面活性剤(B)を含む界面活性剤組成物であって、
前記界面活性剤(A)は、下記一般式(I)
前記式(I)中、R1は下記式(R−1)、(R−2)及び(R−3)
前記式(I)中、m1は1〜2であり、m2は1〜2であり、m1とm2の数の合計は2〜3である。前記式(I)中、Aは炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基又は置換アルキレン基を示し、nはアルキレンオキシドの平均付加モル数であって、1〜1000である。前記式
(I)中、Xは、
−(CH2)a−SO3M(ただし、aは0〜4の数である)、
−(CH2)b−COOM(ただし、bは0〜4の数である)、
−PO3M2、
−P(Z)O2M(ただし、Zは前記式(I)からXを除いた残基を表す)、及び、
−CO−CH2−CH(SO3M)−COOM
(Mはいずれも水素、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、アンモニウム残基又はアルカノールアミン残基を表す)
のいずれかで表されるアニオン性親水基を示す)
で表される化合物であり、
前記界面活性剤(B)は、ポリオキシアルキレン基を含有し、かつ、オキシアルキレン単位の繰り返し数が1〜10である、界面活性剤組成物。
項2
前記界面活性剤(B)が、ポリオキシアルキレンスチレン化フェニルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、及び、ポリオキシアルキレンアルケニルエーテル硫酸エステル塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である、項1に記載の界面活性剤組成物。
項3
前記界面活性剤(A)100質量部に対して、前記界面活性剤(B)が40〜200質量部含まれる、項1又は2に記載の界面活性剤組成物。
項4
項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の界面活性剤組成物の存在下、重合性化合物を乳化重合して得られる水系樹脂分散体。
項5
項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の界面活性剤組成物の存在下、重合性化合物を乳化重合して水系樹脂分散体を得る工程を備える、水系樹脂分散体の製造方法。
界面活性剤(A)は、前記式(I)で表される化合物である限りは、種々の化合物を採用することができる。界面活性剤(A)は、重合性の不飽和基を有するので、いわゆる反応性界面活性剤、特にはラジカル重合性を示す界面活性剤である。
界面活性剤(B)は、ラジカル重合し得る置換基を有さず、ポリオキシアルキレン基を含有し、かつ、オキシアルキレン単位の繰り返し数が1〜10である限りは、公知の界面活性剤を広く適用することができ、特にその種類は限定されない。界面活性剤(B)は、ラジカル重合し得る置換基を有していないことから、非反応性の界面活性剤である。
界面活性剤組成物において、界面活性剤(A)と界面活性剤(B)との含有割合は特に限定されない。例えば、界面活性剤組成物は、界面活性剤(A)100質量部に対して、界面活性剤(B)が40〜200質量部含まれることが好ましい。この場合、界面活性剤組成物は優れた重合安定性を付与することができ、水系樹脂分散体の機械的安定性も向上しやすい。界面活性剤組成物は、界面活性剤(A)100質量部に対して、界面活性剤(B)が40〜120質量部含まれることが特に好ましい。
本発明の水系樹脂分散体は、前記界面活性剤組成物の存在下、重合性化合物を乳化重合して得ることができる。
撹拌機、温度計、還流管を備えた反応容器に、スチレン化フェノール(モノスチレン化フェノール:ジスチレン化フェノール:トリスチレン化フェノール=80:19:1(質量比)の混合物)220g(1.0モル)、水酸化ナトリウム40g(1.0モル)およびアセトン210gを仕込み、撹拌しながら内温を40℃に昇温した。次に、アリルクロライド91g(1.2モル)を1時間かけて滴下し、滴下終了後、40℃で2時間反応させた。反応生成物を濾過して副生したNaClを除去した後、減圧下にアセトンを除去することによりアリルスチレン化フェニルエーテルを得、さらに200℃で5時間反応させることにより2−アリルスチレン化フェノールを得た。
エチレンオキサイドの使用量を880g(20モル)に変更した以外は、合成例1と同様の操作を行うことにより、下記式(I−2)で表される界面活性剤A(後掲の表1において「A−2」と表記する)を得た。
ラウリルアルコール186g(1モル)をオートクレーブに移し、触媒として水酸化カリウムを用いて、圧力0.15MPa、温度130℃の条件にて、エチレンオキサイド132g(3モル)を付加反応させることにより、ラウリルアルコールのエチレンオキサイド3モル付加物を得た。
ラウリルアルコールを分岐トリデシルアルコール(商品名:トリデカノール、KHネオケム社製)200g(1モル)に変更した以外は、合成例3と同様の操作を行うことにより、界面活性剤(B)であるポリオキシエチレン分岐トリデシルエーテル硫酸エステルアンモニウム(エチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数:3、後掲の表1において「B−2」と表記する)を得た。
エチレンオキサイドの使用量を220g(5モル)に変更した以外は、合成例4と同様の操作を行うことにより、界面活性剤(B)であるポリオキシエチレン分岐トリデシルエーテル硫酸エステルアンモニウム(エチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数:5、後掲の表1において「B−3」と表記する)を得た。
ラウリルアルコールをオレイルアルコール268g(1モル)に変更した以外は、合成例3と同様の操作を行うことにより、界面活性剤(B)であるポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル硫酸エステルアンモニウム(エチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数:3、後掲の表1において「B−4」と表記する)を得た。
エチレンオキサイドの使用量を660g(15モル)に変更した以外は、合成例4と同様の操作を行うことにより、界面活性剤であるポリオキシエチレン分岐トリデシルエーテル硫酸エステルアンモニウム(エチレンオキサイドの平均付加モル数:15、後掲の表1において「b−1」と表記する)を得た。
表1に記載の質量割合(質量%)で、各合成例で得た界面活性剤(A)及び界面活性剤(B)をそれぞれ混合して、界面活性剤組成物を調製した。該界面活性剤組成物2.5gを、水107.15gに溶解した。ここに、アクリル酸ブチル123.75g、スチレン123.75gおよびアクリル酸2.5gを加えてホモミキサーで乳化させることにより、プレエマルションを得た。
[重合安定性]
水系樹脂分散体100gを200メッシュの金網でろ過し、さらに残渣を水で洗浄し、残渣を105℃で2時間乾燥した。続いて、乾燥物の重量を測定し、水系樹脂分散体における凝集物濃度(重量%)を算出した。別途、水系樹脂分散体1gを105℃で2時間乾燥して乾燥物の重量を測定し、水系樹脂分散体における固形分濃度(重量%)を算出した。算出した上記凝集物濃度および固形分濃度を用いて、下記計算式より凝集物の割合を算出して、下記の基準で重合安定性を評価した。凝集物の割合が低いほど、重合安定性が高いことを示す。
(凝集物の割合(重量%))=[(凝集物濃度)/(固形分濃度)]×100
A:0.05重量%未満
B:0.05重量%以上0.1重量%未満
C:0.1重量%以上
水系樹脂分散体50gを、マーロン型試験機にて荷重10kg、回転数1000rpmで30分間処理した。この処理液を100メッシュの金網でろ過し、残渣を水洗後、105℃で2時間乾燥することにより凝集物を採取した。凝集物の重量を測定し、前記重合安定性と同様の計算式により凝集物の割合(重量%)を算出して下記の基準で機械的安定性を評価した。凝集物の割合(重量%)が小さいほど、機械的安定性が高いことを示す。
A:0.05重量%未満
B:0.05重量%以上0.1重量%未満
C:0.1重量%以上0.2重量%未満
D:0.2重量%以上0.3重量%未満
E:0.3重量%以上
水系樹脂分散体10gに所定濃度の塩化カルシウム水溶液10mLを加えて5分間攪拌し、凝集物の発生有無を目視で確認した。ここで、塩化カルシウム水溶液の濃度は、0.05mol/L、0.1mol/Lとし、凝集物が発生したもっとも低い濃度を決定し、下記の基準で化学的安定性を評価した。この数値が大きいほど、化学的安定性が高いことを示す。
A:0.1mol/Lでも凝集物は発生せず
B:0.1mol/Lで凝集物が発生
C:0.05mol/Lで凝集物が発生
水系樹脂分散体20mLと水10mLを100mLネスラー管に入れ、30回倒立させてから静置し、5分後における泡の量(mL)を測定して下記の基準で低泡性を評価した。泡の量が少ないほど性質が良好であることを示す。
A:泡の量が20mL未満
B:泡の量が20mL以上30mL未満
C:泡の量が30mL以上40mL未満
D:泡の量が40mL以上
水系樹脂分散体を水で2倍に希釈して測定用サンプルを調製し、このサンプルを用いて、ウィルヘルミー型表面張力計にて25℃における表面張力(mN/m)を測定し、下記の基準で基材に対するぬれ性を評価した。表面張力が低いほど、基材に対するぬれ性が高いことを示す。
A:表面張力が30mN/m未満
B:表面張力が40mN/m未満
C:表面張力が40mN/m以上
得られた水系樹脂分散体を、ガラス板上に乾燥膜厚120μmとなるように塗布し、20℃×65%RHの雰囲気下で24時間乾燥させることにより、塗膜を有する試験片を作製した。この試験片を25℃のイオン交換水に浸漬し、試験片表面の水分を除去した。これを、10ポイントの文字を印刷した紙上に置き、当該文字が見えるかどうかを目視で確認した。この操作を繰り返し行って、文字が見えなくなるまでの浸漬時間を測定し、下記の基準で耐水白化性を評価した。浸漬時間が長いほど、耐水白化性が良好であることを示す。
A:3日間浸漬したあとでも文字が見える。
B:3日間浸漬したあとに文字が見えなくなる。
C:1日間浸漬したあとに文字が見えなくなる。
Claims (5)
- 界面活性剤(A)及びラジカル重合し得る置換基を有しないアニオン性界面活性剤(B)を含む界面活性剤組成物であって、
前記界面活性剤(A)は、下記一般式(I)
前記式(I)中、R1は下記式(R−1)、(R−2)及び(R−3)
前記式(I)中、m1は1〜2であり、m2は1〜2であり、m1とm2の数の合計は2〜3である。前記式(I)中、Aは炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基又は置換アルキレン基を示し、nはアルキレンオキシドの平均付加モル数であって、1〜1000である。前記式(I)中、Xは、
−(CH2)a−SO3M(ただし、aは0〜4の数である)、
−(CH2)b−COOM(ただし、bは0〜4の数である)、
−PO3M2、
−P(Z)O2M(ただし、Zは前記式(I)からXを除いた残基を表す)、及び、
−CO−CH2−CH(SO3M)−COOM
(Mはいずれも水素、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、アンモニウム残基又はアルカノールアミン残基を表す)
のいずれかで表されるアニオン性親水基を示す)
で表される化合物であり、
前記界面活性剤(B)は、ポリオキシアルキレン基を含有し、かつ、オキシアルキレン単位の繰り返し数が1〜10である、界面活性剤組成物。 - 前記界面活性剤(B)が、ポリオキシアルキレンスチレン化フェニルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、及び、ポリオキシアルキレンアルケニルエーテル硫酸エステル塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項1に記載の界面活性剤組成物。
- 前記界面活性剤(A)100質量部に対して、前記界面活性剤(B)が40〜200質量部含まれる、請求項1又は2に記載の界面活性剤組成物。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の界面活性剤組成物の存在下、重合性化合物を乳化重合して得られる水系樹脂分散体。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の界面活性剤組成物の存在下、重合性化合物を乳化重合して水系樹脂分散体を得る工程を備える、水系樹脂分散体の製造方法。
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US17/273,596 US20210277164A1 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2019-10-17 | Surfactant composition, aqueous resin dispersion, and its production method |
PCT/JP2019/040841 WO2020085182A1 (ja) | 2018-10-26 | 2019-10-17 | 界面活性剤組成物、水系樹脂分散体及びその製造方法 |
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