JP2019533188A - 光学デバイス - Google Patents
光学デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019533188A JP2019533188A JP2019516143A JP2019516143A JP2019533188A JP 2019533188 A JP2019533188 A JP 2019533188A JP 2019516143 A JP2019516143 A JP 2019516143A JP 2019516143 A JP2019516143 A JP 2019516143A JP 2019533188 A JP2019533188 A JP 2019533188A
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Images
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- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13725—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on guest-host interaction
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- B60J3/00—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
異方性度R=[E(p)−E(s)]/[E(p)+2*E(s)]
正面位相差Rin=d×(nx−ny)
厚さ方向位相差Rth=d×(nz−ny)
基材フィルムの破断伸び率などの引張特性は、ASTM D882規格に沿って確認した。基材フィルムなどの測定対象を、幅が10mm、長さが30mmとなるように裁断した後、UTM(Universal Testing Machine)装備(Instron 3342)を利用して、常温(25℃)で10mm/minの引張速度で引張しながら各物性を評価した。
基材フィルムなどの熱膨張係数(CTE)は、ASTM D696規格に沿ってTMA(Thermomechanical Analysis)装備(SDTA840、Metteler toledo社)を利用して、40℃から80℃に温度を10℃/minの速度で増加させながら試片のサイズ変化を測定して数式(CTE=(dt/t)/dT、前記でtはサイズ、Tは温度)により前記区間での熱膨張係数を確認した。測定時の試片の基準長さは10mmとし、荷重は0.02Nに設定した。
摩擦係数は、Thwing Albert instrument companyのFP−2260装備を使用して規格に沿って遂行した。具体的には、接着フィルムと能動液晶素子フィルムを重なるように位置させ、装備に引っ張りながら垂直抗力対比装備で測定された力の比率を通じて摩擦力を計算し、動摩擦係数を求めた。試片の大きさは、それぞれ長さが約4cm、幅が約2cmとなるようにした。
能動液晶素子フィルムとしてGH(Guest−Host)液晶素子フィルムを製作した。前記液晶素子フィルムは、一面にITO(Indium Tin Oxide)電極層と液晶配向膜が順次形成されている2枚のPC(polycarbonate)フィルム(熱膨張係数:80ppm/K、破断伸び率:約14.5%)を約12μm程度のセルギャップ(cell gap)が維持されるように対向配置した状態で、その間に液晶ホスト(Merck社のMAT−16−969液晶)と二色性染料ゲスト(BASF社、X12)の混合物)の混合物を注入し、シーラントで縁を封じて製作した。前記PCフィルムの対向配置は、互いに配向膜が形成された面が向き合うようにした。図9は前記PCフィルムの平面図であって、前記PCフィルムは、長さLが約600mm、幅Wが約340mm程度であるフィルムであった。引き続き前記液晶素子フィルムの幅方向の両末端で、最端部から約30mm離れたライン(図面の点線DL1)を折り畳み(折り畳み角度約90度)、再び前記最端部から約26mm離れたライン(図面の点線DL2)を折り畳んで(折り畳み角度約90度)、図10のような形態の折り畳まれたフィルム形態の液晶素子フィルムを製作した(図面において、3000はシーラントが存在する領域である。)。前記能動液晶素子フィルムの液晶層は、電圧無印加時には水平配向状態であり、電圧印加によって垂直配向状態にスイッチングされ得る。引き続き図11に示したように、厚さが約3mm程度であるガラス基板4000、接着フィルム5000、PVA(poly(vinyl alcohol))系偏光フィルム6000、接着フィルム5000、前記能動液晶素子フィルム、接着フィルム5000および厚さが同様に約3mm程度であるガラス基板4000を順次積層し、約100℃の温度および2気圧程度の圧力でオートクレーブ工程を遂行し、前記能動液晶素子フィルムとPVA系偏光フィルムを外郭基板の間で接着フィルムでカプセル化して光学デバイスを製造した。前記において、能動液晶素子フィルムの液晶層が水平配向状態の時にその光軸と前記PVA系偏光フィルムの光吸収軸が互いに垂直となるように配置した。また、前記で接着フィルムとしては、Covestro社のA4700製品名のTPU(thermoplastic polyurethane)接着フィルム(厚さ:約4mm)を使用した。また、前記能動液晶素子フィルムのPCフィルムの表面と前記TPU接着フィルム間の動摩擦係数は、約6.1程度であった。
PCフィルムのTPU接着フィルムと接触する面をサンドペーパーで研磨して前記PCフィルムの表面と前記TPU接着フィルム間の摩擦係数が約2.3程度となるように調整したことを除いては、実施例1と同様にして光学デバイスを製造した。
能動液晶素子フィルムを折り畳まず、そのまま適用して実施例1のように光学デバイスを製造した。
添付された図12〜図14は、それぞれ実施例1、実施例2および比較例1のオートクレーブ工程後の能動液晶素子フィルムを撮影した写真である。図面から、実施例1および2の場合、能動液晶素子フィルムにシワが発生せず、安定的にカプセル化が行われたのであるが、比較例1の場合、端部に多くのシワが発生したことを確認することができる。
101:第1ライン
102:第2ライン
A、AA:折り畳まれた領域
D:第1ラインの二等分点
T:第1ラインの二等分点の接線
P:第1ラインの二等分点の接線に対する法線
1022:第2ラインの角度を測定するための線
20:偏光子
201:偏光コーティング層
30:外郭基板
40:接着フィルム
50:バッファー層
110:基材フィルム
120:能動液晶層
Claims (15)
- 液晶化合物を含み、第1配向状態と第2配向状態の間をスイッチングできる能動液晶層を有する能動液晶素子フィルムを含み、
前記能動液晶素子フィルムは折り畳まれたフィルム形態であり、
前記折り畳まれたフィルム形態の折り畳み角度が0度を超過する、光学デバイス。 - 折り畳まれたフィルム形態の折り畳み角度が5度以上である、請求項1に記載の光学デバイス。
- 折り畳まれたフィルム形態の折り畳み角度が10度以上である、請求項1に記載の光学デバイス。
- 折り畳まれたフィルム形態の折り畳み角度が15度以上である、請求項1に記載の光学デバイス。
- 折り畳まれたフィルム形態の断面は、折り畳まれた部分によって区分される第1ラインと第2ラインを含む形態である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の光学デバイス。
- 折り畳まれたフィルム形態の断面は第1ラインの両末端が折り畳まれた形態であり、前記第1ラインの両末端に第2ラインが形成されている、請求項5に記載の光学デバイス。
- 折り畳まれたフィルム形態の断面で第2ラインも折り畳まれた形態である、請求項5に記載の光学デバイス。
- 能動液晶素子フィルムは、2枚の対向配置された基材フィルムとその間に位置する能動液晶層を含む、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の光学デバイス。
- 能動液晶素子フィルムの折り畳み部位または前記折り畳み部位から第1ラインに向かう領域で2枚の基材フィルムを付着しているシーラントをさらに含む、請求項8に記載の光学デバイス。
- 偏光子をさらに含む、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の光学デバイス。
- 能動液晶層の第1配向状態の平均光軸と偏光子の光吸収軸がなす角度が80度〜100度または35度〜55度の範囲内となるように、能動液晶素子フィルムと偏光子が配置されている、請求項10に記載の光学デバイス。
- 基材フィルムは、熱膨張係数が100ppm/K以下である、請求項8または9に記載の光学デバイス。
- 対向配置されている2枚の外郭基板をさらに含み、能動液晶素子フィルムが前記2枚の外郭基板の間で接着フィルムによってカプセル化されている、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の光学デバイス。
- 能動液晶素子フィルムの接着フィルムと接する面の前記接着フィルムに対する摩擦係数が5以下である、請求項13に記載の光学デバイス。
- 一つ以上の開口部が形成されている車体;および前記開口部に装着された請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載された光学デバイスを含む、自動車。
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