JP2019515069A - タイミングチェーンの伸びを低減するための潤滑剤組成物 - Google Patents
タイミングチェーンの伸びを低減するための潤滑剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019515069A JP2019515069A JP2018555255A JP2018555255A JP2019515069A JP 2019515069 A JP2019515069 A JP 2019515069A JP 2018555255 A JP2018555255 A JP 2018555255A JP 2018555255 A JP2018555255 A JP 2018555255A JP 2019515069 A JP2019515069 A JP 2019515069A
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- lubricating oil
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- lubricating
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title description 30
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- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- VPFNQPKIUJJSEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 VPFNQPKIUJJSEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003444 succinic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMDQFHZIWNYSMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemagnesium Chemical compound S=[Mg] SMDQFHZIWNYSMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSCl FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004354 sulfur functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940095068 tetradecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecaene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC=C VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
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- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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- C10N2060/14—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition by boron or a compound containing boron
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
Description
主要量の基油と、
少量の添加剤パッケージであって、
a)少なくとも1つの過塩基性カルシウム洗浄剤、
b)少なくとも1つのホウ酸化分散剤、
c)金属ジアルキルジチオホスフェート、及び
d)少なくとも1つの油溶性モリブデン化合物を含む、少量の添加剤パッケージとを含み、
潤滑油組成物が、ASTM−2896の方法を使用して決定された少なくとも7.5mg KOH/グラムの潤滑油組成物のTBN値、潤滑油組成物の総重量に基づいて、少なくとも80ppmのモリブデン、8.4未満の、潤滑油組成物中の全カルシウムの潤滑油組成物中の全モリブデンに対する重量比、及び2.6〜3.0の、潤滑組成物中の分散剤からの窒素の潤滑油組成物中の全ホウ素に対する重量比を有する、方法を提供する。
(a)炭化水素置換基、すなわち、脂肪族(例えば、アルキルまたはアルケニル)、脂環式(例えば、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル)置換基、及び芳香族、脂肪族、及び脂環式置換芳香族置換基、ならびに環が分子の別の部分によって完成する(例えば、2つの置換基が共に脂環式部分を形成する)環状置換基、
(b)置換炭化水素置換基、すなわち、本開示の文脈において、主として炭化水素置換基を変化させない、非炭化水素基(例えば、ハロ(特にクロロ及びフルオロ)、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、メルカプト、アルキルメルカプト、ニトロ、ニトロソ、アミノ、アルキルアミノ、及びスルホキシ)を含有する置換基、及び
(c)ヘテロ置換基、すなわち、主として炭化水素の特質を有する一方で、本開示の文脈において、さもなければ炭素原子で構成される環または鎖内に炭素以外を含有する、置換基、が挙げられる。ヘテロ原子は、硫黄、酸素、及び窒素を含み、ピリジル、フリル、チエニル、及びイミダゾリルなどの置換基を網羅し得る。一般に、ヒドロカルビル基中の10個の炭素原子毎に、2つ以下、例えば、1つ以下の非炭化水素置換基が存在し、典型的には、ヒドロカルビル基中には非炭化水素置換基は存在しない。
主要量の基油と、
少量の添加剤パッケージであって、
a)少なくとも1つの過塩基性カルシウム洗浄剤、
b)少なくとも1つのホウ酸化分散剤、
c)金属ジアルキルジチオホスフェート、及び
d)少なくとも1つの油溶性モリブデン化合物を含む、少量の添加剤パッケージと、を含む、方法を提供する。
本明細書の潤滑油組成物中に使用される基油は、米国石油協会(American Petroleum Institute(API)Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines)に明記される、I〜V群における基油のいずれかから選択され得る。5つの基油の群は、以下の通りである。
本開示の潤滑剤組成物は、少なくとも1つの過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート洗浄剤を含む。少なくとも1つの過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートは、好適な脂肪族、脂環式、芳香族、または複素環式スルホン酸及び/またはそれらの塩に由来し得る。一般に、このような酸は、式R(SO3H)n及び(R’)xT(SO3H)yによって表されることができ、式中、Rは、アセチレン不飽和を含まず、最大約60個の炭素原子を有する、脂肪族もしくは脂肪族置換脂環式基であり、nは、少なくとも1であり、一般に1〜3の範囲であり、R’は、アセチレン不飽和を含まない脂肪族基(典型的にはアルキルまたはアルケニル)であり、約4個〜約60個の炭素原子を有し、Tは、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、ナフタレン、アントラセン、ビフェニルなどの芳香族炭化水素、またはピリジン、インドール、イソインドールなどの複素環化合物に由来し得る環状核である。通常、Tは、ベンゼンまたはナフタレンなどの芳香族炭化水素核であり、x及びyは、分子当たり約1〜4の平均値を有し、最も頻繁には平均で約1である。このような酸の例は、石油スルホン酸、パラフィンワックススルホン酸、ワックス置換シクロヘキシルスルホン酸、セチルシクロペンチルスルホン酸、ワックス置換芳香族スルホン酸、マホガニースルホン酸、テトライソブチレンスルホン酸、テトラアミレンスルホン酸などである。最も好ましくは、過塩基性カルシウム塩は、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸などのアルキルアリールスルホン酸から形成される。芳香族環上に存在するアルキル基は、典型的には、それぞれ約8〜約40個の炭素原子を含む。過塩基性組成物1グラム当たり少なくとも約150ミリグラムのKOHの全塩基価を有する、好適な過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートは、多くの供給者から商品として入手可能である。そのような材料の1つは、約300mg KOH/グラムの組成物の公称TBNを有するHiTEC(登録商標)611添加剤(Ethyl Petroleum Additives,Inc.)である。
本開示の潤滑油組成物は、1つ以上の金属ジアルキルジチオホスフェート耐摩耗剤を含む。ジアルキルジチオホスフェート塩中の金属は、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、アルミニウム、鉛、スズ、モリブデン、マンガン、ニッケル、銅、チタン、または亜鉛であり得る。特に有用な金属ジアルキルジチオホスフェート塩は、亜鉛ジアルキルジチオホスフェートであり得る。
本開示の潤滑油組成物は、少なくとも1つのホウ酸化分散剤を含む。好ましくは、潤滑油組成物中の少なくとも1つのホウ酸化分散剤の量は、潤滑油中のホウ素の全ppmを送達して、約5.7〜約8.5または約5.7〜約6.5の、潤滑油組成物中の洗浄剤からの金属のppmのホウ素の全ppmに対する重量比を提供するのに十分である。
無機リン酸または無水物(例えば、米国特許第3,403,102号及び同第4,648,980号)、
有機リン化合物(例えば、米国特許第3,502,677号)、
五硫化リン、
既に上記したようなホウ素化合物(例えば、米国特許第3,178,663及び同第4,652,387号)、
カルボン酸、ポリカルボン酸、無水物、及び/または酸ハロゲン化物(例えば、米国特許第3,708,522号及び同第4,948,386号)、
エポキシドポリエポキシエートまたはチオエポキシド(例えば、米国特許第3,859,318号及び同第5,026,495号)、
アルデヒドまたはケトン(例えば、米国特許第3,458,530号)、
二硫化炭素(例えば、米国特許第3,256,185号)、
グリシドール(例えば、米国特許第4,617,137号)、
尿素、チオ尿素、またはグアニジン(例えば、米国特許第3,312,619号、同第3,865,813号、及び英国特許第GB1,065,595号)、
有機スルホン酸(例えば、米国特許第3,189,544号及び英国特許第GB2,140,811号)、
シアン化アルケニル(例えば、米国特許第3,278,550号及び同第3,366,569号)、
ジケテン(例えば、米国特許第3,546,243号)、
ジイソシアネート(例えば、米国特許第3,573,205号)、
アルカンスルトン(例えば、米国特許第3,749,695号)、
1,3−ジカルボニル化合物(例えば、米国特許第4,579,675号)、
アルコキシル化アルコールまたはフェノールのスルフェート(例えば、米国特許第3,954,639号)、
環状ラクトン(例えば、米国特許第4,617,138号、同第4,645,515号、同第4,668,246号、同第4,963,275号、及び同第4,971,711号)、
環状カーボネートまたはチオカーボネート、直鎖状モノカーボネートもしくはポリカーボネート、またはクロロホルメート(例えば、米国特許第4,612,132号、同第4,647,390号、同第4,648,886号、同第4,670,170号)、
窒素含有カルボン酸(例えば、米国特許第4,971,598号及び英国特許第GB2,140,811号)、
ヒドロキシ保護クロロジカルボニルオキシ化合物(例えば、米国特許第4,614,522号)、
ラクタム、チオラクタム、チオラクトン、またはジトラクトン(ditholactone)(例えば、米国特許第4,614,603及び同第4,666,460号)、
環状カーボネートまたはチオカーボネート、直鎖状モノカーボネートまたはポリカーボネート、またはクロロホルメート(例えば、米国特許第4,612,132号、同第4,647,390号、同第4,646,860号、及び同第4,670,170号)、
窒素含有カルボン酸(例えば、米国特許第4,971,598号及び英国特許第GB2,440,811号)、
ヒドロキシ保護クロロジカルボニルオキシ化合物(例えば、米国特許第4,614,522号)、
ラクタム、チオラクタム、チオラクトン、またはジチオラクトン(例えば、米国特許第4,614,603及び同第4,666,460号)、
環状カルバメート、環状チオカルバメート、または環状ジチオカルバメート(例えば、米国特許第4,663,062号及び同第4,666,459号)、
ヒドロキシ脂肪族カルボン酸(例えば、米国特許第4,482,464号、同第4,521,318号、同第4,713,189号)、
酸化剤(例えば、米国特許第4,379,064号)、
五硫化リン及びポリアルキレンポリアミンの組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第3,185,647号)、
カルボン酸またはアルデヒドまたはケトン及び硫黄または塩化硫黄の組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第3,390,086号、同第3,470,098号)、
ヒドラジン及び二硫化炭素の組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第3,519,564号)、
アルデヒド及びフェノールの組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第3,649,229号、同第5,030,249号、同第5,039,307号)、
アルデヒド及びジチオリン酸のO−ジエステルの組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第3,865,740号)、
ヒドロキシ脂肪族カルボン酸及びホウ酸の組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第4,554,086号)、
ヒドロキシ脂肪族カルボン酸、それに次ぐホルムアルデヒド及びフェノールの組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第4,636,322号)、
ヒドロキシ脂肪族カルボン酸、及びそれに次ぐ脂肪族ジカルボン酸の組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第4,663,064号)、
ホルムアルデヒド及びフェノール、ならびにそれに次ぐグリコール酸の組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第4,699,724号)、
ヒドロキシ脂肪族カルボン酸またはシュウ酸及びそれに次ぐジイソシアネートの組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第4,713,191号)、
リンの無機酸もしくは無水物またはその部分的もしくは全体的硫黄類似体及びホウ素化合物の組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第4,857,214号)、
有機二酸、それに次ぐ不飽和脂肪酸、及びそれに次ぐニトロソ芳香族アミン、任意にそれに続くホウ素化合物、ならびにそれに次ぐグルコール化剤の組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第4,973,412号)、
アルデヒド及びトリアゾールの組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第4,963,278号)、
アルデヒド及びトリアゾール、それに次ぐホウ素化合物の組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第4,981,492号)、
環状ラクトン及びホウ素化合物の組み合わせ(例えば、米国特許第4,963,275号及び
本開示の潤滑油組成物は、1つ以上のモリブデン含有化合物を含む。油溶性モリブデン化合物は、耐摩耗剤、酸化防止剤、摩擦調整剤、またはそれらの混合物の機能性能を有し得る。油溶性モリブデン化合物は、モリブデンジチオカルバメート、モリブデンジアルキルジチオホスフェート、モリブデンジチオホスフィネート、モリブデン化合物のアミン塩、モリブデンキサンテート、モリブデンチオキサンテート、硫化モリブデン、モリブデンカルボキシレート、モリブデンアルコキシド、三核有機モリブデン化合物、及び/またはそれらの混合物を含み得る。モリブデンスルフィドは、モリブデンジスルフィドを含む。モリブデンジスルフィドは、安定分散の形態であり得る。一実施形態において、油溶性モリブデン化合物は、モリブデンジチオカルバメート、モリブデンジアルキルジチオホスフェート、モリブデン化合物のアミン塩、及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選択され得る。一実施形態において、油溶性モリブデン化合物は、モリブデンジチオカルバメートであり得る。
本開示の特定の実施形態において、基油が0W−16の粘度等級を有する際に、潤滑油組成物は、少なくとも600ppmのモリブデン、少なくとも200ppmのホウ素含有量、及び2550以下の硫黄含有量を有し得る。本発明のいくつかの実施形態において、潤滑油組成物は、80ppmのモリブデンを含有し、1.0未満の、潤滑油組成物中のホウ素の窒素に対する重量比を有する。
一実施形態において、本発明の方法において使用される潤滑油組成物は、潤滑油組成物が、ASTM−2896の方法を使用して決定された少なくとも7.5mg KOH/グラムの潤滑油組成物のTBN値、潤滑油組成物の総重量に基づいて、少なくとも80ppmのモリブデン、8.4未満の、潤滑油組成物中の全カルシウムの潤滑油組成物中の全モリブデンに対する重量比、及び2.6〜3.0の、潤滑組成物中の分散剤からの窒素の潤滑油組成物中の全ホウ素に対する重量比を有するところで有する。
酸化防止剤
本明細書の潤滑油組成物はまた、任意に、1つ以上の酸化防止剤を含有してもよい。酸化防止剤化合物は既知であり、例えば、フェネート、フェネートスルフィド、硫化オレフィン、ホスホ硫化テルペン、硫化エステル、芳香族アミン、アルキル化ジフェニルアミン(例えば、ノニルジフェニルアミン、ジ−ノニルジフェニルアミン、オクチルジフェニルアミン、ジ−オクチルジフェニルアミン)、フェニル−アルファ−ナフチルアミン、アルキル化フェニル−アルファ−ナフチルアミン、障害非芳香族アミン、フェノール、障害フェノール、油溶性モリブデン化合物、巨大分子酸化防止剤、またはそれらの混合物が挙げられる。酸化防止剤化合物は、単独で使用されても、組み合わせで使用されてもよい。
本明細書の潤滑油組成物はまた、任意に、1つ以上の極圧剤を含有してもよい。油中で可溶性である極圧剤(EP)は、硫黄及びクロロ硫黄含有EP剤、塩素化炭化水素EP剤、ならびにリンEP剤を含む。そのようなEP剤の例として、塩素化ワックス;ジベンジルジスルフィド、ジブチルテトラスルフィド、オレイン酸の硫化メチルエステル、硫化アルキルフェノール、硫化ジペンテン、硫化テルペン、及び硫化ディールス−アルダー付加物などの有機スルフィド及びポリスルフィド;硫化リンとテレピンまたはオレイン酸メチルとの反応生成物などのリン硫化炭化水素;例えば、ジブチルホスファイト、ジヘプチルホスファイト、ジシクロヘキシルホスファイト、ペンチルフェニルホスファイトといった、ジヒドロカルビル及びトリヒドロカルビルホスファイトなどのリンエステル;ジペンチルフェニルホスファイト、トリデシルホスファイト、ジステアリルホスファイト、及びポリプロピレン置換フェニルホスファイト;亜鉛ジオクチルジチオカルバメート及びバリウムヘプチルフェノール二酸などの金属チオカルバメート;例えば、ジアルキルジチオリン酸とプロピレンオキシドとの反応生成物のアミン塩を含む、アルキル及びジアルキルリン酸のアミン塩;及びそれらの混合物が挙げられる。
本明細書の潤滑油組成物はまた、任意に、1つ以上の摩擦調整剤を含有してもよい。好適な摩擦調整剤は、金属含有及び金属を含まない摩擦調整剤を含み得、これらには、イミダゾリン、アミド、アミン、スクシンイミド、アルコキシル化アミン、アルコキシル化エーテルアミン、酸化アミン、アミドアミン、ニトリル、ベタイン、第四級アミン、イミン、アミン塩、アミノグアニジン、アルカノールアミド、ホスホネート、金属含有化合物、グリセロールエステル、硫化脂肪化合物及びオレフィン、ヒマワリ油他の天然に発生する植物油または動物油、ジカルボン酸エステル、ポリオールと1種以上の脂肪族もしくは芳香族カルボン酸とのエステルまたは部分エステルなどを挙げることができるが、これらに限定されない。
本明細書の潤滑油組成物は、上記に論じられるホウ酸化分散剤以外に、任意に、1種以上のホウ素含有化合物を含有してもよい。
本発明の潤滑油組成物に使用され得る別の分類の任意の添加剤は、油溶性チタン化合物である。油溶性チタン化合物は、耐摩耗剤、摩擦調整剤、酸化防止剤、沈着制御添加剤、またはこれらの機能のうちの1つ以上として機能し得る。一実施形態において、油溶性チタン化合物は、チタン(IV)アルコキシドであり得る。チタンアルコキシドは、一価アルコール、ポリオール、またはそれらの混合物から形成され得る。一価アルコキシドは、2〜16、または3〜10個の炭素原子を有し得る。一実施形態において、チタンアルコキシドは、チタン(IV)イソプロポキシドであり得る。一実施形態において、チタンアルコキシドは、チタン(IV)2−エチルヘキソキシドであり得る。一実施形態において、チタン化合物は、1,2−ジオールまたはポリオールのアルコキシドであり得る。一実施形態において、1,2−ジオールは、オレイン酸などの、グリセロールの脂肪酸モノエステルを含む。一実施形態において、油溶性チタン化合物は、チタンカルボキシレートであり得る。一実施形態において、チタン(IV)カルボキシレートは、チタンネオデカノエートであり得る。
本明細書の潤滑油組成物はまた、任意に、1つ以上の粘度指数向上剤を含有してもよい。好適な粘度指数向上剤としては、ポリオレフィン、オレフィンコポリマー、エチレン/プロピレンコポリマー、ポリイソブテン、水素化スチレン−イソプレンポリマー、スチレン/マレイン酸エステルコポリマー、水素化スチレン/ブタジエンコポリマー、水素化イソプレンポリマー、アルファ−オレフィン無水マレイン酸コポリマー、ポリメタクリレート、ポリアクリレート、ポリアルキルスチレン、水素化アルケニルアリール共役コポリマー、またはそれらの混合物を挙げることができる。粘度指数改善剤は星型ポリマーを含み得、好適な例は米国公開第2012/0101017 A1号に記載されている。
他の添加剤は、潤滑流体に必要とされる1つ以上の機能を実行するように選択され得る。さらに、言及される添加剤のうちの1種つ上は複数機能性であり、本明細書に規定される機能に対する追加の機能、またはそれ以外の機能を提供し得る。
摩耗の影響がタイミングチェーンのチェーンの伸びにどの程度重大であるかを理解するために、潤滑剤に含まれる洗剤または耐摩耗添加剤を使用せず対照試料を実行した。この試料は、5W−20の粘度等級を有し、過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート、マグネシウムスルホネート、またはZDDPを含有しない添加剤パッケージを有する、87.92重量%の基油を含んだ。添加剤パッケージは、1.4重量%の酸化防止剤、0.23重量%の摩擦調整剤、0.2重量%の流動点降下剤、80ppmのモリブデン化合物からのモリブデン、及び4.9重量%の粘度指数向上剤を潤滑油組成物に送達した。
比較例2を、ZDDP耐摩耗剤からの850ppmのZn及び790ppmのリンを追加的に送達した添加剤パッケージを除いて、比較例1と同じ様式で実施した。
比較例3を、過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートから2300ppmのCaを追加的に送達された添加剤パッケージを除いて、比較例1と同じ様式で実施した。
比較例4を、過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートからの3500ppmのCa、モリブデン化合物からの72ppmのモリブデン、及びZDDP耐摩耗剤からの820ppmnのZn及び690ppmのリンを追加的に送達された添加剤パッケージを除いて、比較例1と同じ様式で実施した。
比較例5を、比較例4と同様の様式で実施して、過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート洗浄剤とチェーンの伸びへの影響との間に相関があるかどうかを判定した。この試料は、5W−30の粘度等級を有し、潤滑油の組成物をICP分析によって測定した。表3は、CE−5の組成物を提供する。
フォードチェーン摩耗試験は、エンジンにおけるタイミングチェーンの伸びを評価する方法である。フォードチェーン摩耗試験は、2012 Ford 2.0 Liter EcoBoost TGDi 4気筒試験エンジンを用いる。エンジンを、低速から中速の速度及び負荷で、ならびに低運転温度及び通常運転温度で、2段階試験において運転した。試験サイクルは、8時間のならし運転期間と、それに続く216時間のサイクル試験条件で構成される。タイミングチェーンを、ならし運転期間後に測定し、この測定値を、試験終了後のチェーンの伸長計算のためのベースライン測定値として使用する。試験の段階1を、富化燃焼サイクルを用いて、低速、低負荷、及び低温で実行した。段階2を、化学量論的条件を使用して、中速度、中程度の負荷、及び中程度の温度で実行した。段階1と段階2との間で、温度、速度、及び負荷は特定の速度で上昇する。
比較例6は、ベースライン試験としてGF−5市販用エンジンオイルを用いた。エンジンオイルを、5W−30粘度等級の基油と添加剤パッケージとの混合物から配合した。添加剤パッケージは、カルシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの1380ppmのCa、マグネシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの340ppmのMg、ZDDP耐摩耗剤からの850ppmのZn、160ppmのモリブデン、及び分散剤からの310ppmのホウ素を送達した。添加剤パッケージは、0.2重量%の流動点降下剤、5.2重量%の分散剤、0.32重量%の摩擦調整剤、8.6重量%の粘度指数向上剤、1.4重量%の酸化防止剤、及び1.12重量%のZDDP耐摩耗剤をエンジンオイルに送達した。
比較例7は、過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの1430ppmのCa、マグネシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの420ppmのMg、及び分散剤からの270ppmのホウ素を送達するために修飾された添加剤パッケージを含んだ、比較例6のGF−5市販用エンジンオイルを用いた。さらに、修飾添加剤パッケージは、4.7重量%の分散剤、7.5重量%の粘度指数向上剤、及び1.25重量%の酸化防止剤をエンジンオイルに送達した。
本発明の実施例1は、80.74重量%の5W−30粘度等級の基油及び添加剤パッケージであった潤滑組成物を用いた。添加剤パッケージは、カルシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの1200ppmのCa、マグネシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの470ppmのMg、ZDDP耐摩耗剤からの710ppmのZn、170ppmのモリブデン、及び分散剤からの290ppmのホウ素を送達した。添加剤パッケージは、0.5重量%の流動点降下剤、5.04重量%の分散剤、0.4重量%の摩擦調整剤、8.6重量%の粘度指数向上剤、0.94重量%のZDDP耐摩耗剤、及び1.3重量%の抗酸化剤を滑油組成物にさらに送達した。
本発明の実施例2は、81.2重量%の5W−30粘度等級の基油及び添加剤パッケージであった潤滑組成物を用いた。添加剤パッケージは、過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの1430ppmのCa、マグネシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの420ppmのMg、ZDDP耐摩耗剤からの850ppmのZn、240ppmのモリブデン、及び分散剤からの310ppmのホウ素を送達した。添加剤パッケージは、0.2重量%の流動点降下剤、5.5重量%の分散剤、0.5重量%の摩擦調整剤、8重量%の粘度指数向上剤、及び1.4重量%の酸化防止剤を潤滑組成物に送達した。
マグネシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの330ppmのみのMgを送達した添加剤パッケージを除いて、本発明の実施例2と同様の方法本発明の実施例3を実施した。
比較例8は、85.35重量%の0W−16粘度等級の基油及び添加剤パッケージであった潤滑組成物を用いた。添加剤パッケージは、過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの1430ppmのCa、マグネシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの340ppmのMg、ZDDP耐摩耗剤からの850ppmのZn、240ppmのMo、及び分散剤からの200ppmのホウ素を送達した。添加剤パッケージは、0.2重量%の流動点降下剤、3.9重量%の分散剤、0.52重量%の摩擦調整剤、4.7重量%の粘度指数向上剤、及び1.4重量%の酸化防止剤を潤滑組成物に送達した。
本発明の実施例4は、0W−16粘度等級の基油と、過塩基性スルホン酸カルシウムからの1430ppmのCa、マグネシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの370ppmのMg、ZDDP耐摩耗剤からの850ppmのZn、摩擦調整剤からの600ppmのMo、及び分散剤からの310ppmのホウ素を送達した添加剤パッケージとの混合物であった潤滑組成物を用いた。添加剤パッケージは、0.2重量%の流動点降下剤、5.24重量%の分散剤、0.8重量%の摩擦調整剤、6重量%のポリ無水マレイン酸粘度指数向上剤、1.4重量%の酸化防止剤、及び1.12重量%のZDDP耐摩耗剤を潤滑組成物に送達した。
本発明の実施例5は、0W−16粘度等級の基油と、過塩基性スルホン酸カルシウムからの1430ppmのCa、マグネシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からの370ppmのMg、ZDDP耐摩耗剤からの850ppmのZn、摩擦調整剤からの600ppmのMo、及び分散剤からの310ppmのBを送達した添加剤パッケージとの混合物であった潤滑組成物を用いた。添加剤パッケージは、0.2重量%の流動点降下剤、コハク酸無水物を有するオレフィンコポリマー、及び少なくとも1つのポリアミンの反応生成物である、5.24重量%のホウ酸化分散剤を潤滑組成物に送達し、ホウ酸化分散剤が、全カルボン酸または無水物基が芳香環に直接結合した芳香族カルボン酸、芳香族ポリカルボン酸、または芳香族無水物、及び500未満の数平均分子量を有する非芳香族ジカルボン酸または無水物、1.4重量%の酸化防止剤、ならびに1.12重量%のZDDP耐摩耗剤で後処理される。
Claims (21)
- エンジンにおけるタイミングチェーンの伸びを低減する方法であって、前記タイミングチェーンを潤滑油組成物で潤滑するステップを含み、前記潤滑油組成物が、
主要量の基油と、
少量の添加剤パッケージであって、
a)少なくとも1つの過塩基性カルシウム洗浄剤、
b)少なくとも1つのホウ酸化分散剤、
c)金属ジアルキルジチオホスフェート、及び
d)少なくとも1つの油溶性モリブデン化合物を含む、少量の添加剤パッケージと、を含み、
前記潤滑油組成物が、ASTM−2896の方法を使用して決定された少なくとも7.5mg KOH/グラムの潤滑油組成物のTBN値、前記潤滑油組成物の総重量に基づいて、少なくとも80ppmのモリブデン、8.4未満の、前記潤滑油組成物中の全カルシウムの前記潤滑油組成物中の全モリブデンに対する重量比、及び2.6〜3.0の、前記潤滑組成物中の前記分散剤からの窒素の前記潤滑油組成物中の全ホウ素に対する重量比を有する、方法。 - 前記基油が5WのSAE粘度等級を有し、前記潤滑油組成物が、45〜63の、前記潤滑油組成物中のホウ素の全ppmの前記潤滑油組成物中の全洗浄剤の前記TBNに対する比率を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、50〜63の、前記潤滑油組成物中のホウ素の全ppmの前記潤滑油組成物中の全洗浄剤の前記TBNに対する比率を有する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、56〜63の、前記潤滑油組成物中のホウ素の全ppmの前記潤滑油組成物中の全洗浄剤の前記TBNに対する比率を有する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、1.0未満の、前記潤滑油組成物中の全ホウ素の前記潤滑油組成物中の全窒素に対する重量比を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、約1:1〜17:1の、前記潤滑油組成物中の全硫黄の前記潤滑油組成物中の全モリブデンに対する重量比を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記基油が5W−30のSAE粘度等級を有し、前記潤滑油組成物が150ppmを超える全モリブデン含有量を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、前記潤滑油組成物の総重量に基づいて、前記潤滑油組成物に1000ppm〜1800ppmのカルシウムを提供する過塩基性カルシウム含有洗浄剤の量を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、前記潤滑油組成物の総重量に基づいて、前記潤滑油組成物に1100ppm〜1600ppmのカルシウムを提供する過塩基性カルシウム含有洗浄剤の量を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、100ppm〜1000ppmのリン含有量を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、5.7〜8.5の、前記潤滑油組成物中の前記洗浄剤からの金属のppmの前記潤滑油組成物中のホウ素の全ppmに対する重量比を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、5.7〜6.5の、前記潤滑油組成物中の前記洗浄剤からの金属のppmの前記潤滑油組成物中のホウ素の全ppmに対する重量比を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属ジアルキルジチオホスフェートが、亜鉛ジアルキルジチオホスフェートであり、前記亜鉛ジアルキルジチオホスフェートが、前記潤滑油組成物に700ppm〜約900ppmの亜鉛を送達する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記添加剤パッケージが、マグネシウムスルホネート洗浄剤、及び中性カルシウムスルホネート洗浄剤からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの洗浄剤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記基油が、0W−16の粘度等級を有し、前記潤滑油組成物が、少なくとも200ppmの全ホウ素含有量、少なくとも600ppmの全モリブデン含有量、及び2550ppm以下の全硫黄含有量を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、310ppm以下の全ホウ素含有量を有し、前記潤滑油組成物が、少なくとも1つの非ホウ酸化分散剤を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記エンジンが火花点火エンジンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記エンジンが、火花点火式乗用車ガソリンエンジンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑油組成物が、216時間にわたってフォードチェーン摩耗試験によって測定した場合、エンジンにおける前記タイミングチェーンの伸びを0.1%以下に低減させることができる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記添加剤パッケージが、酸化防止剤、摩擦調整剤、流動点降下剤、及び粘度指数向上剤からなる群から選択される1つ以上の添加剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- エンジンにおけるタイミングチェーンの伸びを低減する方法であって、前記タイミングチェーンを潤滑油組成物で潤滑するステップを含み、前記潤滑油組成物が、
主要量の基油と、
少量の添加剤パッケージであって、
a)少なくとも1つの過塩基性カルシウム洗浄剤、
b)オレフィンコポリマー及び少なくとも1つのポリアミンの反応生成物またはコハク酸無水物を有するオレフィンコポリマー、及び少なくとも1つのポリアミンの反応生成物である、ホウ酸化分散剤であって、前記ホウ酸化分散剤が、全カルボン酸または無水物基が芳香環に直接結合した芳香族カルボン酸、芳香族ポリカルボン酸、または芳香族無水物、及び500未満の数平均分子量を有する非芳香族ジカルボン酸または無水物で後処理される、ホウ酸化分散剤、
c)金属ジアルキルジチオホスフェート、ならびに
d)少なくとも1つの油溶性モリブデン化合物を含む、少量の添加剤パッケージと、を含み、
前記潤滑油組成物が、ASTM−2896の方法を使用して決定された少なくとも7.5mg KOH/グラムの前記潤滑油組成物のTBN値、前記潤滑油組成物の総重量に基づいて、少なくとも80ppmのモリブデン、8.8未満の、前記潤滑油組成物中の全カルシウムの前記潤滑油組成物中の全モリブデンに対する重量比、及び2.6〜3.0の、前記潤滑組成物中の前記分散剤からの窒素の前記潤滑油組成物中の全ホウ素に対する重量比を有する、方法。
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US10323205B2 (en) | 2019-06-18 |
CN109072117B (zh) | 2020-05-08 |
US20170321146A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 |
SG11201809496WA (en) | 2018-11-29 |
KR20190005168A (ko) | 2019-01-15 |
CN109072117A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
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