JP2019500313A - 光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法 - Google Patents
光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
(1)反応条件が優しく、操作が簡単で、触媒量のジルジン化合物を使用しているので、目標産物が反応システムから分離、純化しやすい。
(2)金属触媒が回収ネスティング(リサイクリング)できるため、経済的要求に一致する。
光学活性シトロネラール(結果を表1に示す)を製造する通常の方法は下記のとおりである。250mLの圧力反応釜において、窒素ガスで保護する条件の下で、金属触媒[Ru(p-cymene)I2]2(4.8mg,0.005mol)、キラルアミン塩(0.01mol)、ジルジン化合物(0.05mol)、ゲラニアールとネラールの混合物(合計15.2g,0.1mol)および反応溶剤(110mL)を入れて、反応混合物を室温において20分撹拌し、システムの温度を55℃まで上昇させ、3barの水素ガスで反応釜内の水素ガスを置き換える。このように水素ガスを繰り返して置き換え、その後直ぐに反応釜に水素ガスを100barの圧力まで注入して反応させ、46時間経過した後に、ガスクロマトグラフィで原料の反応が終わったことを確認し、反応を停止させ、室温まで冷却し、釜内の水素ガスをゆっくり排出し、窒素ガスで釜内に残った水素ガスを置き換える。製品の光学純度(鏡像体過剰値、ee値)はガスクロマトグラフィで検査、分析する。
実施例17〜20は実施例9と同じ方法で実施し、相違する所は金属触媒の種類であり、結果を表2の中に示す。
実施例21〜26は実施例9と同じ方法で実施し、相違する所はキラルアミン塩により使用される酸の種類であり、結果を表3の中に示す。
実施例27〜30は実施例9と同じ方法で実施し、相違する所はキラルアミン塩の使用量であり、結果を表4の中に示す。
実施例31〜34は実施例9と同じ方法で実施し、相違する所はジルジン化合物の使用量であり、結果を表5の中に示す。
実施例35〜40は実施例9と同じ方法で実施し、相違する所は金属触媒の使用量と反応時の水素の圧力であり、結果を表6の中に示す。
実施例41〜43は金属触媒が実験をネスティング(リサイクリング)する実施例で、実験の条件は実施例9と同じ方法で実施する。
Claims (18)
- 光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
キラルアミン塩と遷移金属触媒の触媒で、水素ガスと触媒量のジルジン化合物とを水素源とし、α,β−の不飽和アルデヒドまたはα,β−の不飽和ケトン化合物に対して不斉触媒による水素添加反応をさせ、光学活性カルボニル化合物を得る方法であり、
前記α,β−の不飽和アルデヒドまたはα,β−の不飽和ケトン化合物の構造は、式(I)に示され、
(I)
前記光学活性カルボニル化合物の構造は、式(II)に示され、
(II)
式(I)〜(II)において、R1、R2、R3は、独立して水素、ハロゲン、アルキル基、ヘテロアリール基、アルコキシ基またはアシルアミノ基から選ばれ、アシルアミノ基は、-CONH-または-NHCO-を含む置換基のことを指し、R1とR2は異なり、
前記キラルアミン塩の構造は、式(IV)または(V)に示され、
R4は、置換されたまたは置換されていないアルキル基から選ばれ、アルキル基は、エーテル基もしくはポリエーテル基を含むアルキル基、エステル基もしくはポリエステル基を含むアルキル基、アシルアミノ基もしくはポリアシルアミノ基を含むアルキル基、またはエーテル基、エステル基、アシルアミノ基が混合したものを含むポリマ鎖アルキル基のことであり、ここでアシルアミノ基は、-CONH-または-NHCO-を含む置換基であり、
Xは、塩になる酸を表し、
*は、不斉の炭素原子を表す、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
R1、R2、R3において、
アルキル基は、1〜30個の炭素原子を含むアルキル基であり、
ヘテロアリール基は、3〜9個の炭素原子を含む芳香族の複素環式基であり、
アルコキシル基は、1〜30個の炭素原子を含む環式アルコキシル基または直鎖、分枝アルコキシル基であり、そしてこれらのアルコキシル基はフッ素、塩素、臭素、沃素、ヒドロキシル基、またはアリール基で置換されることができ、
アシルアミノ基は、1〜20個の炭素元素を含むアシルアミノ基であることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項2に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
前記ヘテロアリール基は、2-フリル基、2-ピロリル基、2-チエニル基、2-ピリジル基、2-インドリル基、3-フリル基、3-ピロリル基、3-チエニル基、3-ピリジル基、または3-インドリル基であり、
前記アルコキシル基は、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、n-プロポキシ基、イソプロポキシ基、n-ブトキシ基、イソブトキシ基、2-ブトキシ基、tert-ブトキシ基、n-ペンチルオキシ基、2-ペンチルオキシ基、3-ペンチルオキシ基、tert-ペンチルオキシ基、n-ヘキシルオキシ、シクロプロポキシ基、シクロブトキシ基、シクロペンチルオキシ基、シクロヘキシルオキシ基、ヘプチルオキシ基、オクチルオキシ基、ノニルオキシ基、デシルオキシ基、ウンデシルオキシ基、ドデシルオキシ基、トリデシルオキシ基、テトラデシルオキシ基、ペンタデシルオキシ基、ヘキサデシルオキシ基、ヘプタデシルオキシ基、オクタデシルオキシ基、ノナデシルオキシ基、エイコシルオキシ基、フェニルメトキシ基、1-フェニルエトキシ基、または2-フェニルエトキシ基であり、
前記アミド基は、ホルムアミド基、アセトアミド基、プロパンアミド基、ブタンアミド基、ペンタンアミド基、ヘキサンアミド基、シクロペンタンアミド基、シクロヘキサンアミド基、フェニルホルムアミド基、フェニルアセトアミド基、ナフタレンカルボキサミド基から選ぶことができることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
R1、R2は、R1とR2に繋がる原子と5−15の環式を作ることができ、またはR1、R3は、R1とR3に繋がる原子と5−15の環式を作ることができ、またはR2、R3は、R2とR3に繋がる原子と5−15の環式を作ることができることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
R4は、置換されたまたは置換されていないC1〜C20アルキル基であり、
前記C1〜C20アルキル基の置換基は、フッ素、塩素、臭素、沃素、アルコキシ基、ヒドロキシル基またはアリール基であることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項6に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
R4は、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、2-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、n-ペンチル基、2-ペンチル基、3-ペンチル基、tert-ペンチル基、n-ヘキシル基、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、1-インダニル基、2-インダニル基、1-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン基または2-1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン基であることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1〜6に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
R4で表されるアルキル基は、O、-COO-、-CONH-の基グループの中の一つ以上によって間断され、
ここで、Oに間断されたアルキル基は、エーテル基またはポリエーテル基を含むアルキル基であり、-COO-で間断されたアルキル基は、エステル基またはポリエステル基を含むアルキル基であり、-CONH-で間断されたアルキル基は、アシルアミノ基またはポリアシルアミノ基を含むアルキル基であることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
Xは、蟻酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、トリクロロ酢酸、置換されたまたは置換されていない安息香酸、マンデル酸、クエン酸、置換されたまたは置換されていないビナフタレンリン酸の中の一つまたは二つ以上の混合物から選ばれたものであることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
前記遷移金属触媒には、ルテニウム化合物、ロジウム化合物、イリジウム化合物が含まれることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
前記遷移金属触媒は、RuCl2(PPh3)3、[Ru(p-cymene)Cl2]、[Ru(p-cymene)I2]2、RhCl3、Rh2(OAc)4、Rh(CO)2acac、Rh(cod)Cl2、Rh4(CO)12、Ir4(CO)12、Ir(cod)Cl2、または[Ir(cod)OMe]2から選ばれたものであることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1〜12に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
前記不斉触媒による水素添加反応の溶剤は、メチルtert-ブチルエーテル、イソプロピルエーテル、シクロペンチルメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン、メチルベンゼン、n-ヘキサン、ジクロロメタン、1,2-ジクロロエタン、メタノール、エタノール、tert-ブタノール、2-メチル-2-ブタノール、イソプロパノール、水、またはこれらの溶剤の混合溶剤であることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1〜12に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
前記不斉触媒による水素添加反応の温度は、20〜120℃であることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1〜12に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
前記不斉触媒による水素添加反応における水素ガスの圧力は、10〜600barであることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
前記遷移金属触媒の使用量は、α,β−の不飽和アルデヒドまたはα,β−の不飽和ケトン化合物の0.01mol%から20mol%までであることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
前記キラルアミン塩の使用量は、α,β−の不飽和アルデヒドまたはα,β−の不飽和ケトン化合物の0.1mol%から20mol%までであることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の光学活性カルボニル化合物を製造する方法であって、
前記ジルジン化合物の使用量は、α,β−の不飽和アルデヒドまたはα,β−の不飽和ケトン化合物の0.2mol%から40mol%までであることを特徴とする方法。
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