JP2019186107A - 硫化物系全固体電池 - Google Patents
硫化物系全固体電池 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 34
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJSAVIWBELEHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Si]=O Chemical compound [Li].[Si]=O YJSAVIWBELEHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】硫化物系全固体電池1は、正極30、固体電解質層20および負極10を備えている。負極10は、銅、鉄およびニッケルの少なくとも1種を含む集電体12と、硫化物固体電解質材料および負極活物質を含有する負極活物質層14と、集電体12と負極活物質層14との間に配置される導電性中間層16とを含む。そして導電性中間層16は、マイエナイト型化合物を含む。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、電池性能を低下させる反応生成物の形成の抑制と不可逆容量の低減とを両立することができる硫化物系全固体電池を提供することである。
また、本明細書において、「主体とする」とは、特にことわりのない限り、当該成分が50質量%以上含まれることを意味し、好ましくは60質量%以上、より好ましくは70質量%以上、例えば80質量%以上含まれる態様であり得る。
固体電解質層20の厚みは特に制限されない。固体電解質層20の厚みは、例えば、20μm以上であって、200μm以下、典型的には100μm以下、例えば50μm以下とすることが例示される。
負極集電体12としては、電子導電性の良好な金属製のシートを好適に用いることができ、例えば銅(Cu)やニッケル(Ni)、鉄(Fe)、およびこれらと他の元素との合金(例えばSUS鋼)等の金属箔が好適である。なかでも、電子伝導性が高いために電池反応に反応ムラが起き難く、熱伝導性が高いために熱引きが良いとの観点から、負極集電体12としてはCu箔等の銅を好ましく用いることができる。集電体12の厚みは活物質層14の寸法等にもよるため特に制限されないが、例えば、5μm以上500μm以下が好ましく、10μm以上100μm以下程度がより好ましい。
CuS + 2Li+ → Li2S + Cu
さらに、硫化銅は電子伝導性に優れることから、固体電解質層20中に拡散すると固体電解質層20の電気絶縁性を損ねて短絡を招き得るために避けるべき存在である。
つまり、ここに開示される技術によって、電池性能を低下させる反応生成物の形成の抑制と不可逆容量の低減とを両立することができる硫化物系全固体電池が実現される。
集電体として銅箔を用い、この銅箔に硫化物固体電解質を含む電極層を保持させて、例1の電極板を形成した。硫化物系固体電解質としては、平均粒子径が2μmの10LiI−15LiBr−85(0.75Li2S−0.25P2S5)粉末を用いた。なお、集電体と硫化物系固体電解質との反応を促進的に確認する目的と、固体電解質層中を反応生成物が拡散することを確認する目的で、電極材料としては硫化物系固体電解質を100%の割合で用い、負極活物質材料は配合しなかった。また、硫化物固体電解質粉末にはバインダとしてPVdFを5質量%の割合で配合し、厚み約300〜350μmの電極層(ここでは固体電解質(SE)層)を形成した。
また、集電体として銅箔を用い、この銅箔の表面に中間層を設けてから、中間層上に例1と同様の電極層を形成して、例2の電極板を形成した。なお、中間層材料としては、平均粒子径が5μmのマイエナイト粉末を用い、SE層の形成と同様にして厚み40μmの中間層を形成した。ここでは、中間層による集電体材料の銅(Cu)の拡散をより確実に抑制した例とするために、中間層の厚みを約40μmと厚めに設定している。
このようにして用意した例1および例2の電極板を、図2に示すように2枚のSUS板で挟み、250℃で、厚み方向に10MPaの圧力を印加するホットプレスを1時間施した。同時に、SUS板間の抵抗を経時的に測定し、SE層の電子伝導性の変化を調べた。なお、10MPaの加圧は、電池の内部抵抗低減のための拘束荷重を模している。250℃への加熱は、集電体と固体電解質成分との反応を促進させるために実施している。得られた抵抗測定の結果を図3に示した。
これに対し、例2の電極板については顕微鏡観察でもSE層に大きな変化は見られず、定性分析によってもSE層中にCuが検出されることもなかった。この結果は、抵抗測定の結果ともよく一致する。
以上のことから、例2の電極板では、集電体の表面に形成した中間層であるマイエナイト層が、250℃という高温環境においてもCuの拡散を抑制し、SE層の短絡を防止したことが確認できた。
10 負極
12 負極集電体
14 負極活物質層
16 導電性中間層
20 固体電解質層
30 正極
Claims (1)
- 正極、固体電解質層および負極を備え、
前記負極は、
銅、鉄およびニッケルの少なくとも1種を含む集電体と、
硫化物固体電解質材料および負極活物質を含有する負極活物質層と、
前記集電体と前記負極活物質層との間に配置される導電性中間層と、を含み、
前記導電性中間層は、マイエナイト型化合物を含む、硫化物系全固体電池。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004348983A (ja) * | 2003-05-20 | 2004-12-09 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 二次電池 |
JP2012164571A (ja) * | 2011-02-08 | 2012-08-30 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 負極体及びリチウムイオン電池 |
JP2016164114A (ja) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-08 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | マイエナイト型化合物、多機能剤、及びマイエナイト型化合物含有製品の製造方法 |
JP2016212991A (ja) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-12-15 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 全固体二次電池、全固体二次電池用電極シート、および全固体二次電池の製造方法 |
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JP2004348983A (ja) * | 2003-05-20 | 2004-12-09 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 二次電池 |
JP2012164571A (ja) * | 2011-02-08 | 2012-08-30 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 負極体及びリチウムイオン電池 |
JP2016164114A (ja) * | 2015-02-26 | 2016-09-08 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | マイエナイト型化合物、多機能剤、及びマイエナイト型化合物含有製品の製造方法 |
JP2016212991A (ja) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-12-15 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 全固体二次電池、全固体二次電池用電極シート、および全固体二次電池の製造方法 |
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