JP2019084353A - 拡大可能なバックスパンを備えた外科用ステープル - Google Patents

拡大可能なバックスパンを備えた外科用ステープル Download PDF

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JP2019084353A
JP2019084353A JP2018206335A JP2018206335A JP2019084353A JP 2019084353 A JP2019084353 A JP 2019084353A JP 2018206335 A JP2018206335 A JP 2018206335A JP 2018206335 A JP2018206335 A JP 2018206335A JP 2019084353 A JP2019084353 A JP 2019084353A
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backspan
surgical staple
axis
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コストシェフスキー スタニスロウ
Kostrzewski Stanislaw
コストシェフスキー スタニスロウ
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/064—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
    • A61B17/0644—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue penetrating the tissue, deformable to closed position
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00367—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
    • A61B2017/00398—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids
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    • A61B2017/00831—Material properties
    • A61B2017/00893—Material properties pharmaceutically effective
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07228—Arrangement of the staples
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07235—Stapler heads containing different staples, e.g. staples of different shapes, sizes or materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07242—Stapler heads achieving different staple heights during the same shot, e.g. using an anvil anvil having different heights or staples of different sizes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/0725—Stapler heads with settable gap between anvil and cartridge, e.g. for different staple heights at different shots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07257—Stapler heads characterised by its anvil
    • A61B2017/07264—Stapler heads characterised by its anvil characterised by its staple forming cavities, e.g. geometry or material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07271—Stapler heads characterised by its cartridge
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07278—Stapler heads characterised by its sled or its staple holder
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07285—Stapler heads characterised by its cutter

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Abstract

【課題】外科用ステープル器具で使用するための外科用ステープルを提供する。【解決手段】外科用ステープル１００は、第１の脚部１４と、第２の脚部１６と、バックスパン１２とを含む本体を含む。バックスパンは、第１の部分１２ａと、第２の部分２０と、第３の部分２２と、圧着領域とを有する。バックスパンの第１の部分は、ループ部材１８を含む。バックスパンの第２の部分は、第１の脚部の第１の端部１４ａと、ループ部材の第１の端部１８ａとの間に延びる。バックスパンの第３の部分は、第２の脚部の第１の端部１６ａと、ループ部材の第２の端部１８ｂとの間に延びる。圧着領域は、バックスパンの第２の部分または第３の部分のうちの少なくとも一方に、圧着区画を含む。圧着領域におけるバックスパンの第２および第３の部分の合わせたワイヤ厚さは、外科用ステープルの本体の直径にほぼ等しい。【選択図】図２

Description

関連出願の相互参照
本出願は、２０１７年５月５日に出願された米国特許出願第１５／５８７，７４７号の一部継続出願であり、上記の出願の開示は、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
背景
１．技術分野
本開示は、外科用ステープル器具で使用するための外科用ステープルに関する。より詳細には、本開示は、様々な厚さの組織を結合するための外科用ステープル器具で使用するための外科用ステープルに関する。
２．背景技術
外科用ステープルは、様々な外科工程、例えば、吻合工程において、迅速で効率的な方式で外科用ステープル器具を使用して組織または組織セグメントを結合する組織に適用される。
典型的に、外科用ステープルは、バックスパンおよび一対の離間した脚部を含む。脚部は組織を通って外科用ステープル器具のアンビルアセンブリ内へ駆動されて、ステープルを望ましい構成、例えばＢステープルへ変形させて、止血する。現在の外科用ステープルは、止血するために所与の厚さの範囲の組織に対して特定の寸法にされ、適合される。そのため、臨床医は、所与の組織の厚さの範囲に対する適切な寸法を有するステープルを選択して、効果的な止血を確実にしなければならない。組織の厚さが臨床医によって誤認された場合、または組織の厚さが所与のステープルの寸法に対する範囲の外縁に近い場合、効果的ではない止血の可能性が増加する。
したがって、より大きな範囲の組織の厚さに対応して、様々な手術工程を実行するときに、より高い柔軟性を臨床医に提供できる外科用ステープルに対する縫合技術における継続した必要性がある。
本開示は、１つの態様において、第１の脚部と、第２の脚部と、バックスパンと、を有する本体を含む外科用ステープルを提供する。第１および第２の脚部は、第１の端部および第２の端部を各々有する。バックスパンは、第１の部分と、第２の部分と、第３の部分と、圧着領域とを有する。バックスパンの第１の部分は、第１の端部と第２の端部とを有するループ部材を含む。バックスパンの第２の部分は、第１の脚部の第１の端部と、ループ部材の第１の端部との間に延びる。バックスパンの第３の部分は、第２の脚部の第１の端部と、ループ部材の第２の端部との間に延びる。圧着領域は、バックスパンの第２の部分または第３の部分のうちの少なくとも一方に画定される圧着区画を含む。圧着領域におけるバックスパンの第２および第３の部分の合わせたワイヤ厚さは、外科用ステープルの本体の直径とほぼ等しい。
特定の実施形態では、バックスパンの圧着領域は、バックスパンの第２の部分上に画定された第１の圧着区画と、バックスパンの第３の部分上に画定された第２の圧着区画とを含む。そのような実施形態では、圧着領域の合わせたワイヤ厚さは、外科用ステープルの本体の直径とほぼ等しい。
いくつかの実施形態では、バックスパンの第２部分の第１圧着区画は、バックスパンの第３の部分の第２の圧着区画と重なる。
特定の実施形態では、バックスパンの第２の部分の第１の圧着区画は、バックスパンの第３の部分の第２の圧着区画と軸方向に整列している。
いくつかの実施形態では、バックスパンのループ部材は、ループ部材の第１の端部とループ部材の第２の端部との間に延びる第１の軸を画定する。
特定の実施形態では、バックスパンの第２の部分は第２の軸を画定し、バックスパンの第３の部分は第３の軸を画定する。このような実施形態では、ループ部材の第１の軸は、第２の部分の第２の軸および第３の部分の第３の軸と平行である。
いくつかの実施形態では、バックスパンの第２の部分の第２の軸は、バックスパンの第３の部分の第３の軸と横方向に整列し、それによって、外科用ステープルの第１の脚部および第２の脚部が軸方向に整列するようにされる。
特定の実施形態では、バックスパンのループ部材は頂部を含み、バックスパンの第２の部分は第１の中間部分を含み、バックスパンの第３の部分は第２の中間部分を含む。このような実施形態では、ループ部材の頂点およびバックスパンの第２および第３部分の第１および第２中間部分は、バックスパンの第２の部分の第２の軸と、バックスパンの第３の部分の前記第３の軸とに対して垂直な軸を画定する。
いくつかの実施形態では、外科用ステープルは未成形構成および成形構成を含む。外科用ステープルの未成形構成において、バックスパンのループ部材の頂部は、バックスパンの第２の部分および第３の部分の各々から、第１の距離だけ離間している。外科用ステープルの成形構成において、バックスパンのループ部材の頂部は、バックスパンの第２の部分および第３の部分の各々から、未成形構成の第１の距離よりも少ない第２の距離だけ離間している。
いくつかの実施形態では、外科用ステープルのバックスパンが、組織と係合するように位置付けられ、それによって、バックスパンによって係合された組織の厚さが増大するにつれて、バックスパンのループ部材の頂部とバックスパンの第２および第３の部分の各々との間の第２の距離が減少するようにされる。
特定の実施形態では、外科用ステープルの成形構成では、外科用ステープルの第１の脚部は、ループ部材の第１の横側に位置付けられ、外科用ステープルの第２の脚部は、ループ部材の第１の横側とは反対のループ部材の第２の横側に位置付けられる。
本開示は、別の態様において、第１の脚部と、第２の脚部と、バックスパンと、を有する本体を含む外科用ステープルを提供する。第１および第２の脚部は、第１の端部および第２の端部を各々有する。バックスパンは、第１の部分と、第２の部分と、第３の部分と、圧着領域とを有する。バックスパンの第１の部分は、第１の端部と第２の端部とを有する。バックスパンの第２の部分は、第１の脚部の第１の端部と、第１の部分の第１の端部との間を長手方向に延びる。第２の部分は、第１の軸を画定する。バックスパンの第３の部分は、第２の脚部の第１の端部と、第１の部分の第２の端部との間に長手方向に延びる。第３の部分は、第２の軸を画定する。圧着領域は、バックスパンの第２の部分または第３の部分の少なくとも一方に画定された圧着区画を含む。圧着領域は、第２の部分の第１の軸を、第３の部分の第２の軸と整列させる。
いくつかの実施形態では、第１の部分は、バックスパンの第１の部分の第１の端部と第２の端部との間に配置されたループ部材を含む。
特定の実施形態では、バックスパンの第１の部分のループ部材は、バックスパンの第２の部分の第１の軸と、バックスパンの第３の部分の第２の軸とに平行な第３の軸を画定する。
いくつかの実施形態では、圧着領域において、バックスパンの第２および第３の部分は、外科用ステープルの本体の直径とほぼ等しい合わせたワイヤ厚さを含む。
いくつかの実施形態では、バックスパンの第２の部分または第３の部分の少なくとも一方に画定された圧着区画は、第１の脚部の第１の端部を、第２の脚部の第１の端部と軸方向に整列させる。
特定の実施形態では、バックスパンの圧着領域は、第１の脚部の第１の端部と第２の脚部の第１の端部との間に配置される。
特定の実施形態では、バックスパンの第２の部分およびバックスパンの第３の部分は横方向に接触している。
本願明細書は、例えば、以下の項目も提供する。
（項目１）
外科用ステープルであって、
ある直径を有する本体であって、上記本体が、
第１の端部および第２の端部を有する第１の脚部と、
第１の端部および第２の端部を有する第２の脚部と、
バックスパンと、を含み、上記バックスパンが、
ループ部材を有する第１の部分であって、上記ループ部材が第１の端部および第２の端部を含む、第１の部分と、
上記第１の脚部の上記第１の端部と、上記ループ部材の上記第１の端部との間に延びる第２の部分と、
上記第２の脚部の上記第１の端部と、上記ループ部材の上記第２の端部との間に延びる第３の部分と、
上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分および上記第３の部分の少なくとも一方に画定された圧着区画を含む圧着領域であって、上記圧着領域における上記バックスパンの上記第２および第３の部分の合わせたワイヤ厚さが、上記外科用ステープルの上記本体の上記直径とほぼ等しい、圧着領域と、を含む、本体を備える、外科用ステープル。
（項目２）
上記圧着領域が、上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分上に画定された第１の圧着区画と、上記バックスパンの上記第３の部分上に画定された第２の圧着区画とを含み、上記圧着領域の上記合わせたワイヤ厚さが、上記外科用ステープルの上記本体の上記直径とほぼ等しい、上記項目に記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目３）
上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分の上記第１の圧着区画が、上記バックスパンの上記第３の部分の上記第２の圧着区画と重なる、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目４）
上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分の上記第１の圧着区画が、上記バックスパンの上記第３の部分の上記第２の圧着区画と軸方向に整列している、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目５）
上記バックスパンの上記ループ部材が、上記ループ部材の上記第１の端部と上記ループ部材の上記第２の端部との間に延びる第１の軸を画定している、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目６）
上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分が、第２の軸を画定し、上記バックスパンの上記第３の部分が、第３の軸を画定し、上記ループ部材の上記第１の軸が、上記第２の部分の上記第２の軸および上記第３の部分の上記第３の軸と平行である、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目７）
上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分の上記第２の軸が、上記バックスパンの上記第３の部分の上記第３の軸と横方向に整列し、それによって、上記外科用ステープルの上記第１の脚部および上記第２の脚部が軸方向に整列する、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目８）
上記バックスパンの上記ループ部材が頂部を含み、上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分が第１の中間部分を含み、上記バックスパンの上記第３の部分が第２の中間部分を含み、上記ループ部材の上記頂部および上記バックスパンの上記第２および第３の部分の上記第１および第２の中間部分が、上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分の上記第２の軸と、上記バックスパンの上記第３の部分の上記第３の軸とに対して垂直な軸を画定している、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目９）
上記外科用ステープルが、未成形構成および成形構成を含み、上記外科用ステープルの上記未成形構成において、上記バックスパンの上記ループ部材の上記頂部が、上記バックスパンの上記第２および上記第３の部分の各々から第１の距離だけ離間し、上記外科用ステープルの上記成形構成において、上記バックスパンの上記ループ部材の上記頂部が、上記バックスパンの上記第２および上記第３の部分の各々から、上記第１の距離より短い第２の距離だけ離間している、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目１０）
上記外科用ステープルの上記バックスパンが、上記バックスパンによって係合された組織の厚さが増大するにつれて、上記バックスパンの上記ループ部材の上記頂部と上記バックスパンの上記第２および第３の部分の各々との間の上記第２の距離が減少するように、組織と係合するように位置付けられる、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目１１）
上記外科用ステープルの上記成形構成において、上記外科用ステープルの上記第１の脚部が、上記ループ部材の第１の横側に位置付けられ、上記外科用ステープルの上記第２の脚部が、上記ループ部材の上記第１の横側とは反対の上記ループ部材の第２の横側に位置付けられる、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目１２）
外科用ステープルであって、
本体であって、上記本体が、
第１の端部および第２の端部を有する第１の脚部と、
第１の端部および第２の端部を有する第２の脚部と、
バックスパンと、を含み、上記バックスパンが、
第１の端部と第２の端部とを有する第１の部分と、
上記第１の脚部の上記第１の端部と上記第１の部分の上記第１の端部との間に長手方向に延びる第２の部分であって、第１の軸を画定している、第２の部分と、
上記第２の脚部の上記第１の端部と上記第１の部分の上記第２の端部との間に長手方向に延びる第３の部分であって、第２の軸を画定している、第３の部分と、
上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分および上記第３の部分の少なくとも一方に画定された圧着区画を含む圧着領域であって、上記圧着領域が、上記第２の部分の上記第１の軸を、上記第３の部分の上記第２の軸と整列させる、圧着領域と、を含む、本体を備える、外科用ステープル。
（項目１３）
上記第１の部分が、上記第１の部分の上記第１の端部と上記第２の端部との間に位置付けられたループ部材を含む、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目１４）
上記バックスパンの上記第１の部分の上記ループ部材が、上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分の上記第１の軸と、上記バックスパンの上記第３の部分の上記第２の軸とに平行な第３の軸を画定している、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目１５）
上記圧着領域において、上記バックスパンの上記第２および第３の部分が、上記外科用ステープルの上記本体の直径とほぼ等しい合わせたワイヤ厚さを含む、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目１６）
上記バックスパンの上記第２または第３の部分の少なくとも一方に画定された圧着区画が、上記第１の脚部の上記第１の端部を、上記第２の脚部の上記第１の端部と軸方向に整列させる、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目１７）
上記バックスパンの上記圧着領域が、上記第１の脚部の上記第１の端部と上記第２の脚部の上記第１の端部との間に配置されている、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目１８）
上記圧着領域が、上記バックスパンの上記第２の部分上に画定された第１の圧着区画と、上記バックスパンの上記第３の部分上に画定された第２の圧着区画とを含む、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目１９）
上記第２の部分の上記第１の圧着区画が、上記第３の部分の第２の圧着区画と重なる、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（項目２０）
上記第２の部分の上記第１の圧着区画が、上記第３の部分の上記第２の圧着区画と軸方向に整列し、上記バックスパンの上記第２および第３の部分が、横方向に接触している、上記項目のいずれかに記載の外科用ステープル。
（摘要）
外科用ステープルは、第１の脚部と、第２の脚部と、バックスパンとを含む本体を含む。バックスパンは、第１の部分と、第２の部分と、第３の部分と、圧着領域とを有する。バックスパンの第１の部分は、ループ部材を含む。バックスパンの第２の部分は、第１の脚部の第１の端部と、ループ部材の第１の端部との間に延びる。バックスパンの第３の部分は、第２の脚部の第１の端部と、ループ部材の第２の端部との間に延びる。圧着領域は、バックスパンの第２の部分または第３の部分のうちの少なくとも一方に、圧着区画を含む。圧着領域におけるバックスパンの第２および第３の部分の合わせたワイヤ厚さは、外科用ステープルの本体の直径にほぼ等しい。
本開示される拡大可能なバックスパンステープルおよびステープルを支持するためのカートリッジの様々な実施形態が、図面を参照して本明細書で開示される。
未成形構成における外科用ステープルを例証する、本開示される外科用ステープルの例示の実施形態の斜視図である。 図１の外科用ステープルの正面図である。 図１の外科用ステープルの上面図である。 第１の厚さを有する組織に係合している成形構成における、図１の外科用ステープルの正面図である。 第２のより大きな厚さを有する組織に係合している成形構成における、図１の外科用ステープルの正面図である。 第３のさらにより大きな厚さを有する組織に係合している成形構成における、図１の外科用ステープルの正面図である。 締付解除位置における外科用ステープル器具のツールアセンブリを備えた、図１の外科用ステープルを支持するカートリッジを含む外科用ステープル器具の斜視図である。 締付解除位置における装填部のツールアセンブリを備えた図５の外科用ステープル器具の装填部の斜視図である。 クランプ位置にある図６のツールアセンブリの斜視図である。 図６の装填部のステープルカートリッジアセンブリの分解図である。 図８のステープルカートリッジアセンブリのステープルカートリッジの上面図である。 図９に１０で描写された表示領域の詳細の拡大図である。 図８に１１で描写された表示領域の詳細の拡大図である。 図８のステープルカートリッジアセンブリのプッシャーの側面斜視図である。 図１の複数の外科用ステープルがプッシャー上に配置された、図１２のプッシャーの側面斜視図である。 図１２のプッシャーの上面図である。 第１の厚さを有する組織が装填部のツールアセンブリ内に締め付けられている、図７の切断線「１５−１５」に沿った断面図である。 第２の厚さを有する組織が装填部のツールアセンブリ内に締め付けられている、図７の切断線「１６−１６」に沿った断面図である。 本開示の別の態様による外科用ステープルの例示的な実施形態の斜視図であり、外科用ステープルを未形成形態で示す。 図１７Ａの外科用ステープルの上面図である。 図１７Ａの外科用ステープルの底面図である。 図１７Ａの外科用ステープルの側面図である。 図１７Ａの外科用ステープルを支持する、本開示の態様によるステープルカートリッジアセンブリのプッシャーの側面斜視図である。 図１７Ａの外科用ステープルを支持する、本開示の別の態様によるステープルカートリッジアセンブリの側面斜視図である。 図１９Ａのステープルカートリッジアセンブリのステープルカートリッジの側面斜視図である。
次に本開示される外科用ステープルの実施形態が、同じ参照符号が同様の、または同一の要素を表す図面を参照して詳細に説明される。図面において、および以下の説明において、当該技術分野における伝統および慣習であるように、「近位」という用語は、その部分または適当な使用中にユーザに最も近い器具の端部を指すことが理解されるべきであり、一方で、「遠位」という用語は、その部分または適当な使用中にユーザに最も遠い器具の端部を指すことが理解されるべきである。また、本明細書で使用されるように、「ほぼ等しい（ａｐｐｒｏｘｉｍａｔｅｌｙ ｅｑｕａｌ）」、「実質的に等しい（ｓｕｂｓｔａｎｔｉａｌｌｙ ｅｑｕａｌ）」および「ほぼ等しい（ａｂｏｕｔ ｅｑｕａｌ）」という用語は、所与のパラメータの±１５％を含むと理解されるべきである。
最初に図１〜３を参照すると、本開示の例示の実施形態が、外科用ステープル１００として一般的に示される。外科用ステープル１００は、バックスパン１２と、第１の脚部１４と、第２の脚部１６と、を有する本体１０を含む。外科用ステープル１００は、図１〜３に示されるように未成形構成を有し、第１の脚部１４および第２の脚部１６は、互いに対して平行であり、または実質的に平行であり、互いから距離を空けられている。代替的に、未成形構成では、第１および第２の脚部１４、１６は、互いに対して、わずかに分かれる、または集まることなどができる。
第１および第２の脚部１４、１６の各々は、第１の端部１４ａ、１６ａの各々と、第２の端部１４ｂ、１６ｂの各々と、を含む。第１および第２の脚部１４、１６の第２の端部１４ｂ、１６ｂの各々は、組織を貫通する先端１４ｃ、１６ｃを含む。１つの実施形態では、外科用ステープル１００の各第１および第２の脚部１４、１６の組織を貫通する先端１４ｃ、１６ｃの各々は、斜めの、または先細りの端部を備えて形成されて、第１および第２の脚部１４、１６の組織「Ｔ」（図４Ａ〜４Ｃを参照）への貫通を容易にすることができる。代替的に、外科用ステープル１００の各第１および第２の脚部１４、１６の組織を貫通する先端１４ｃ、１６ｃは、先細りである必要はなく、異なる方向に先細りであることができ、または円錐または平面を画定することができる。
図１〜３を続けて参照すると、バックスパン１２はループ部材１８を有する第１の部分１２ａと、実質的に直線状であり、第１の脚部１４の第１の端部１４ａと、ループ部材１８の第１の端部１８ａとの間に延びる第２の部分２０と、実質的直線状であり、第２の脚部１６の第１の端部１６ａと、ループ部材１８の第２の端部１８ｂとの間に延びる第３の部分２２と、を含む。バックスパン１２のループ部材１８は、バックスパン１２の第２および第３の部分２０、２２間に延びる弧状部分２４を含む。外科用ステープル１００の未成形構成では、図１に例証されるように、バックスパン１２の第２の部分２０は、バックスパン１２の第３の部分２２に実質的に平行であってもよく、バックスパン１２の第３の部分２２に横方向に接触していてもよく、または近くに整列されてもよい。
実施形態では、ループ部材１８の弧状部分２４は、バックスパン１２の第２の部分２０と第３の部分２２との間を横に延びる。外科用ステープル１００の未成形構成では、バックスパン１２の第２の部分２０は、軸「Ｘ１−Ｘ１」を画定し、バックスパン１２の第３の部分２２は軸「Ｘ２−Ｘ２」を画定する。第２の部分２０の軸「Ｘ１−Ｘ１」および第３の部分２２の軸「Ｘ２−Ｘ２」は、互いからオフセット距離「ＯＤ」だけ横方向にオフセットされてもよい。第２の部分２０の軸「Ｘ１−Ｘ１」と、第３の部分２２の軸「Ｘ２−Ｘ２」との間のオフセット距離「ＯＤ」は、第２の部分２０および第３の部分２２が互いに対して近くに位置付けられる、または互いと接触するように、外科用ステープル１００の本体１０の直径「ＢＤ」と実質的に等しくあり得ることが想定される。
ループ部材１８の弧状部分２４は、バックスパン１２の第２の部分２０の第１の端部２０ａと、バックスパン１２の第３の端部２２の第１の端部２２ａとの間に延びる軸「Ｘ３−Ｘ３」を画定する。実施形態では、ループ部材１８ならびに第２および第３の部分２０、２２は、円形または楕円形の構成を有してもよい囲まれた開口２６を画定してもよい。バックスパン１２のループ部材１８の弧状部分２４は、特定の必要性、外科工程、または組織の厚さの範囲（下記で説明されるような）に適合する曲率の任意の望ましい半径を有して形成されることができることが想定される。バックスパン１２によって画定される開口２６は、円形または楕円形である必要はなく、むしろ、例えばＵ字形、台形、長方形などの他の形状を有してもよいことがさらに想定される。バックスパンは、丸みを帯びたもの、直線状のものなどの他の形状を有することができ、部材１８は、直線状、傾斜状、または湾曲状であることができる。さらに、実施形態では、バックスパン１２は１つ以上のループ部材１８を含んでもよい。
外科用ステープル１００の本体１０は、本体１０の長さにわたる円形の断面を有することができる。代替的に、外科用ステープル１００の本体１０は、長方形、楕円形、正方形、三角形、台形などを含む様々な異なる断面形状を有することが想定される。また、外科用ステープル１００のバックスパン１２外科用ステープル１００の第１および第２の脚部１４，１６は、異なる断面形状を有してもよい。例えば、１つの実施形態では、外科用ステープル１００のバックスパン１２は、長方形の断面形状を有することができ、外科用ステープル１００の第１および第２の脚部１４、１６は、楕円形の断面形状を有することができる。
外科用ステープル１００は、例えば、チタン、ステンレス鋼、または様々な異なる生体適合性のポリマーなどの形成可能な材料から作られてもよい。この方式では、未成形構成で外科用ステープル１００は、組織上に導入され、次に組織上に変形され、または留められて、外科用ステープル１００を組織に固定してもよい。外科用ステープル１００は、当業者に知られた非分解性の任意の生体適合性材料から作られてもよいことが想定される。
次に図４Ａ〜４Ｃを参照すると、いくつかの実施形態では、外科用ステープル１００の第１および第２の脚部１４、１６は、外科用ステープル器具１０００のアンビルアセンブリ１４００（図５を参照）に対して、実質的にＢ形状のステープル構成へと変形される。外科用ステープル１００の第１および第２の脚部１４、１６はバックスパン１２の第２および第３の部分２０、２２各々から延び、第２の部分２０の軸「Ｘ１−Ｘ１」および第３の部分２２の軸「Ｘ２−Ｘ２」は互いから、外科用ステープル１００の本体１０の直径「ＢＤ」と実質的に等しいオフセット距離「ＯＤ」だけ横方向にオフセットされるため、外科用ステープル１００の成形構成では、外科用ステープル１００の第１の脚部１４はループ部材１８の弧状部分２４の第１の横側２４ａに位置付けられ、第２の脚部１６はループ部材１８の弧状部分２４の第２の、反対の横側２４ｂに位置付けられる（図３、４Ａおよび４Ｂを参照）ことが想定される。
成形構成では、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８の弧状部分２４は、バックスパン１２の第２および第３の部分２０、２２に対して変形するように構成され、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８の第１および第２の横部分２０、２２は実質的に直線のままである。詳しくは、外科用ステープル１００のバックスパン１２の変形は、留められる組織「Ｔ」の厚さ、例えば、「Ｔ１」、「Ｔ２」、「Ｔ３」などに依存する。最初に、外科用ステープル１００の未成形構成では、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８は、図２に例証されるように、ループ部材１８の弧状部分２４の頂部２４ｃと、バックスパン１２の第２および第３の部分２０、２２との間の圧縮されていない距離「Ｄ１」を含む。いくつかの実施形態では、弧状部分２４の頂部２４ｃ、ならびにバックスパン１２の第２の部分２０の中間部分「Ｍ１」（図１を参照）およびバックスパン１２の第３の部分２２の中間部分「Ｍ２」（図１を参照）が、外科用ステープル１００の第１および第２の脚部１４、１６のうちの少なくとも１つに実質的に平行な、および／またはバックスパン１２の第２の部分２０の軸「Ｘ１−Ｘ１」およびバックスパン１２の第３の部分２２の軸「Ｘ２−Ｘ２」に実質的に垂直な軸「Ｘ４−Ｘ４」を画定することが想定される。図４Ａ〜４Ｃに例証されるように、組織「Ｔ」と係合すると、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８は、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８が、ループ部材１８の弧状部分２４の頂部２４ｃと、バックスパン１２の第２および第３の部分２０、２２との間の圧縮距離「Ｄ２」を画定するように、組織「Ｔ」と外科用ステープル器具１０００のアンビルアセンブリ１４００（図５を参照）との間で圧縮される。ステープル１００が変形して、ループ部材１８が第１および第２の脚部１４とループ部材１８との間に位置付けられた組織「Ｔ」と接触すると、距離「Ｄ２」は、組織「Ｔ」の厚さに直接関係する量だけ減少する。より詳細には、組織の厚さが増加すると、ステープル１００の第１および第２の脚部１４、１６とループ部材１８との間に位置付けられた組織「Ｔ」によってループ部材１８に加わる力は、ステープル１００が変形するにつれて増加し、ループ部材１８の変形の量を増加させる。
図４Ａは、第１の厚さ「Ｔ１」を有する比較的薄い組織「Ｔ」においてステープル１００が形成される、ステープル１００を例証する。ステープル１００は、厚さ「Ｔ１」を有する比較的薄い組織「Ｔ」の周りで変形すると、組織「Ｔ」は第１および第２の脚部１４、１６と、ステープル１００のループ部材１８との間で圧縮される。ステープル１００の第１および第２の脚部１４、１６が、外科用ステープル器具１０００のアンビルアセンブリ１４００に対するＢ構成へ変形されると（図５）、第１および第２の脚部１４、１６は、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８に向かって、およびバックスパン１２のループ部材１８に対して、組織「Ｔ」を押す。アンビルアセンブリ１４００は、カートリッジアセンブリ１３００から固定された距離に配置されるため、ステープル器具が発射されると（下記で詳細に説明されるように）、すべての組織「Ｔ」は、第１および第２の脚部１４、１６と、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８との間に嵌まらなければならない。したがって、組織「Ｔ」が比較的薄い場合、第１および第２の脚部１４、１６が変形し、ループ部材１８への変形がほとんど、または全く起こらないため、組織はあらゆる実質的な力をループ部材１８上に加えない。したがって、ループ部材１８の弧状部分２４の頂部２４ｃと、外科用ステープル１００の第２および第３の部分２０、２２との間の距離「Ｄ２」は、実質的に変化しない、またはわずかに減少するだけである。組織「Ｔ」が適度な厚さ「Ｔ２」を有する図４Ｂを参照すると、組織「Ｔ」は第１および第２の脚部１４、１６と、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８との間にさらに空間を必要とする。したがって、第１および第２の脚部１４、１６がアンビルアセンブリ１４００に対して変形され、組織「Ｔ」がバックスパン１２のループ部材１８に向かって押されると、より大きな力がループ部材１８に加えられて、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８のより大きな量の変形をもたらす。したがって、ループ部材１８の弧状部分２４の頂部２４ｃと、外科用ステープル１００のバックスパン１２の第２および第３の部分２０、２２との間の距離「Ｄ２」が適度な量だけ減少する。同様に、図４Ｃに示されるように組織「Ｔ」が大きな厚さ「Ｔ３」を有する場合、ステープル１００が変形されると、組織「Ｔ」は、第１および第２の脚部１４、１６と、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８との間のより大きな空間を必要とする。したがって、第１および第２の脚部１４、１６がアンビルアセンブリ１４００に対して変形され、組織「Ｔ」がバックスパン１２のループ部材１８に向けて押されると、より大きな力がループ部材１８に加えられて、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８のより大きな量の変形をもたらして、ループ部材１８の弧状部分２４の頂部２４ｃと、外科用ステープル１００のバックスパン１２の第２および第３の部分２０、２２との間の距離「Ｄ２」をさらに減少させる。
図４Ａ〜４Ｃに例証されるように、バックスパン１２のループ部材１８の弧状部分２４は、組織「Ｔ」の厚さが増加するにつれ、漸進的に、より直線状になることが想定される。組織「Ｔ」の相対的な厚さに従って変形する外科用ステープル１００のバックスパン１２の能力は、効果的な止血を提供しながら、より広い範囲の厚さを有する組織での本開示されるステープルの使用を容易にする。
本開示される外科用ステープル１００を組織「Ｔ」に配置するために、図５に例証されるような、外科用ステープル器具１０００の形状の外科用器具が提供される。外科用ステープル器具１０００は、近似される、および同様に発射され、ならびに他の知られた外科用ステープル器具、例えば、内容全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる米国特許第５，８６５，３６１号に開示された外科用ステープル器具に従う。
図５に例証されるように、外科用ステープル器具１０００は一般的に、可動ハンドル１００３ａおよび固定ハンドル１００３ｂを備えたハンドルアセンブリ１００２と、ハンドルアセンブリ１００２から離れて延びる細長のシャフト１００４と、細長のシャフト１００４の遠位部に連結された装填部１００８と、を含む。本明細書で開示される実施形態のいずれにおいても、ハンドルアセンブリは、１つ以上のモータを含むことができ、または１つ以上のモータに取り付けられることができ、もしくは、外科用ロボットシステムと協働するように構成されることができる。
図６〜８を参照すると、外科用ステープル器具１０００の装填部１００８は、複数の外科用ステープル１００を収容するステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００を有するツールアセンブリ１２００（図８を参照）と、ツールアセンブリ１２００が、ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００がアンビルアセンブリ１４００から離間している開構成（図６を参照）と、ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００およびアンビルアセンブリ１４００が近似される締付構成（図７を参照）との間を移動できるように、ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００に対して移動可能に固定されたアンビルアセンブリ１４００と、を含む。代替的に、カートリッジアセンブリ１３００は、アンビルアセンブリ１４００に対して移動可能に支持されることができる。
次に図８を参照すると、ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００は、細長の支持通路１３１２を有するキャリア１３１０を含む。細長の支持通路１３１２は、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４を受け入れる寸法にされ、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４を受け入れるように構成される。ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００は、ツールアセンブリ１２００のステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００とアンビルアセンブリ１４００（図１５および１６を参照）との間に位置付けられた組織「Ｔ」に一定の圧縮力を加え、維持するように構成された、および寸法にされた一対の弾性の、または弾力性の部材１３１６ａ、１３１６ｂを含む。実施形態では、一対の弾性の、または弾力性の部材１３１６ａ、１３１６ｂは、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４と、キャリア１３１０上に形成された一対の肩部１３１８ａ、１３１８ｂ各々との間に位置付けられた、２つの実質的に平行で、細長の部材として構成されてもよい。一対の弾性部材１３１６ａ、１３１６ｂは、キャリア１３１０の一対の肩部１３１８ａ、１３１８ｂに取り付けられてもよく、または配置されてもよく、代替の実施形態では、キャリア１３１０の一対の肩部１３１８ａ、１３１８ｂに固定して、または解放可能に取り付けられてもよい。一対の弾性部材１３１６ａ、１３１６ｂは、カートリッジアセンブリ１３００とアンビルアセンブリ１４００との間で異なる厚さの組織を圧縮して対応するように構成される。一対の弾性部材１３１６ａ、１３１６ｂの例の構造および動作のさらに詳細な説明については、内容全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる米国特許第８，１５２，０４１号を参照されたい。
ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００のステープルカートリッジ１３１４は、列で並べられた複数のステープルポケット１３２０を含む。複数のステープルポケット１３２０は、下記で詳細が述べられるように、複数の外科用ステープル１００および複数のプッシャー１３２２を受け入れるための寸法にされる。ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００は、キャリア１３１０の細長の支持通路１３１２内に移動可能に支持された作動スレッド１３２４を含む。動作中、作動スレッド１３２４は、複数のプッシャー１３２２が複数のステープルポケット１３２０内で変位されて、複数の外科用ステープル１００を複数のステープルポケット１３２０からアンビルアセンブリ１４００に向けて排出するように、キャリア１３１０の細長の支持通路１３１２に沿って前進して、複数のプッシャー１３２２を順に接触させるように構成される。
図１〜４Ｃを参照して上記で詳細が述べられたように、バックスパン１２の第２の部分２０の軸「Ｘ１−Ｘ１」およびバックスパン１２の第３の部分２２の軸「Ｘ２−Ｘ２」は、互いからオフセット距離「ＯＤ」だけ横方向にオフセットされる。外科用ステープル１００のバックスパン１２の横方向のオフセット配向に対して補償し、複数の外科用ステープル１００の各々の第１および第２の脚部１４、１６が、外科用ステープル１００の対応する列における他の複数の外科用ステープル１００に対して長手方向に整列されることを確実にするために、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４の複数のステープルポケット１３２０および複数のプッシャー１３２２の複数のステープルシート１３２６は、下記で詳細が述べられるような寸法にされ、および形状にされる。
詳細には、図９〜１１を参照すると、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４の複数のステープルポケット１３２０の各々は、図３における外科用ステープル１００の上面図において示されるような外科用ステープル１００の配向に対応する外形「Ｃ」を含む。ステープルカートリッジ１３１４のステープルポケット１３２０の外形「Ｃ」は、外科用ステープル１００の第１の脚部１４を受け入れる形状にされ、および寸法にされた第１の部分「Ｃ１」と、外科用ステープル１００の第２の脚部１６を受け入れる形状にされ、および寸法にされた第２の部分「Ｃ２」と、外科用ステープル１００のバックスパン１２を受け入れる形状にされ、および寸法にされた、第１の部分「Ｃ１」と第２の部分「Ｃ２」との間に位置付けられた中間部分「Ｃ３」と、を含む。ステープルカートリッジ１３１４の複数のステープルポケット１３２０は、複数の外科用ステープル１００の各々の第１および第２の脚部１４、１６が、外科用ステープル１００の対応する列における他の複数の外科用ステープル１００に対して長手方向に整列されるように、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４の縦軸「Ａ−Ａ」に対して斜めに位置付けられる。
図１２〜１４を参照すると、複数のプッシャー１３２２の複数のステープルシート１３２６の各々は、外科用ステープル１００のバックスパン１２を解放可能に受け入れるために適合される。図１４に例証されるように、プッシャー１３２２のステープルシート１３２６は、プッシャー１３２２の縦軸「Ｂ−Ｂ」に対して斜めに位置付けられる。図１０、１５、および１６に例証されるように、プッシャー１３２２のステープルシート１３２６の斜めの構成は、外科用ステープル１００がステープルポケット１３２０を通してアンビルアセンブリ１４００へ向けて排出されると、外科用ステープル１００を、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４の斜めに位置付けられたステープルポケット１３２０と整列させるように適合されることが想定される。詳細には、プッシャー１３２２のステープルシート１３２６は、ステープルシート１３２６の第１の部分１３２６ｂから、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４のステープルポケット１３２０へ向けて突出する第１の壁１３２６ａと、ステープルシート１３２６の第２の部分１３２６ｄから、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４のステープルポケット１３２０へ向けて突出する第２の壁１３２６ｃと、を含む。プッシャー１３２２のステープルシート１３２６の第１および第２の壁１３２６ａ、１３２６ｃは、プッシャー１３２２のステープルシート１３２６の第１および第２の部分１３２６ｂ、１３２６ｄ間に延びる斜めの通路１３２８を画定する。ステープルシート１３２６の斜めの通路１３２８は、プッシャー１３２２の縦軸「Ｂ−Ｂ」に対して斜めに位置付けられる。
外科用ステープル１００がプッシャー１３２２のステープルシート１３２６上に置かれる場合、ステープルシート１３２６の第１の壁１３２６ａは、バックスパン１２の第２の部分２０を係合するように構成され、ステープルシート１３２６の第２の壁１３２６ｂは、バックスパン１２の第３の部分２２を係合して、外科用ステープル１００のバックスパン１２を解放可能に受け入れるように構成される。図１３および１４に例証されるように、ステープルシート１３２６の斜めの通路１３２８はプッシャー１３２２の縦軸「Ｂ−Ｂ」に対して斜めに位置付けられるため、外科用ステープル１００がプッシャー１３２２のステープルシート１３２６上に置かれる場合、外科用ステープル１００はプッシャー１３２２の縦軸「Ｂ−Ｂ」に対して斜めに位置付けられることが想定される。
図８、９、１５および１６を次に参照すると、実施形態では、複数のステープルポケット１３２０は、ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００のステープルカートリッジ１３１４を貫通するナイフスロット１３３０の横側に列で並べられる。ナイフスロット１３３０は、ナイフ１３３２、またはステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００とアンビルアセンブリ１４００との間に配置された組織「Ｔ」（図４Ａ〜４Ｃを参照）を切断する他のこのような切断要素の移動に対応するように構成される。実施形態では、図８に例証されるように、ナイフスロット１３３０は、ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００のステープルカートリッジ３１４の中央線「ＣＬ」に沿って伸びてもよい。代替的に、ナイフスロット１３３０は、ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００のステープルカートリッジ１３１４の中央線「ＣＬ」から横方向にオフセットされてもよい。
図１５および１６を参照すると、アンビルアセンブリ１４００は、ナイフ１３３２の移動に対応するように構成されたアンビルアセンブリ１４００の組織に面する面１４０４上の対応するナイフスロット１４０２を含む。実施形態では、ナイフ１３３２は、ナイフ１３３２の上部１３３２ａがアンビルアセンブリ１４００のナイフスロット１４０２内で移動可能に配置され、ナイフ１３３２の底部１３３２ｂがステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００のステープルカートリッジ１３１４のナイフスロット１３３０内で移動可能に配置される、Ｉ形梁構成を含む。本明細書で開示されるいずれの実施形態でも、ナイフは他の形状を有することができ、もしくはスレッドの部分であることができる、またはスレッドに取り付けられることができる。
図１５および１６を続けて参照すると、ナイフ１３３２は、高さ「Ｈ」を含む。ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００およびアンビルアセンブリ１４００が近似され、ナイフ１３３２が各ナイフスロット１３３０、１４０２を取って並進させられる場合、ナイフ１３３２の高さ「Ｈ」は、ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００と、アンビルアセンブリ１４００との間に配置された組織「Ｔ」（図４Ａ〜４Ｃを参照）の厚さに関わらず、かつ、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４の位置付けに関わらず、アンビルアセンブリ１４００と、複数のプッシャー１３２２の複数のステープルシート１３２６の各々との間の一定の距離「Ｄ３」を提供する。ナイフ１３３２が各ナイフスロット１３３０、１４０２を通って並進させられる場合、ナイフ１３３２の高さ「Ｈ」は、最大の組織間隔も提供する。
図５〜１６を次に参照すると、動作において、外科用ステープル器具１０００は、開構成で（図６を参照）、組織「Ｔ」がステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００とアンビルアセンブリ１４００との間に配置され、ツールアセンブリ１２００から離間されるように操作される。次にステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００およびアンビルアセンブリ１４００は、ハンドルアセンブリ１００２の可動ハンドル１００３Ａを作動することによって近似され、圧縮力が組織「Ｔ」に加えられるように、ステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００とアンビルアセンブリ１４００との間に配置された組織「Ｔ」を締め付ける。
組織「Ｔ」がステープルカートリッジアセンブリ１３００とアンビルアセンブリ１４００との間に固定して締め付けられた状態で、次に、可動ハンドル１００３Ａを作動することによって外科用ステープル器具１０００が発射されて、複数の外科用ステープル１００が排出される。外科用ステープル器具１０００を発射すると、作動スレッド１３２４（図８）は、キャリア１３１０の細長の支持通路１３１２に沿って前進して、複数のプッシャー１３２２が複数のステープルポケット１３２０内で変位されて複数の外科用ステープル１００を複数のステープルポケット１３２０からアンビルアセンブリ１４００に向けて排出するように、複数のプッシャー１３２２に順に接触する。
複数の外科用ステープル１００は、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４の複数のステープルポケット１３２０を通り過ぎて（図８を参照）、組織「Ｔ」を通る。組織「Ｔ」を通り過ぎた後、複数の外科用ステープル１００はアンビルアセンブリ１４００の組織に面する面１４０４を係合して、実質的にＢステープル構成（図４Ａ〜４Ｃを参照）へと変形される。組織「Ｔ」内で形成されると、複数の外科用ステープル１００は組織「Ｔ」への圧縮力を維持して、止血させる。
外科用ステープル１００を順に発射することは、作動スレッド１３２４がステープルカートリッジ１３１４の遠位端まで前進されるまで継続し、その時、ステープルカートリッジ１３１４に収容されたすべての複数の外科用ステープル１００が排出される。次にナイフ１３３２がツールアセンブリ１２００を通って並進されて、ステープルされた組織「Ｔ」の列間の切開を形成する。
ここで図１７Ａ〜１７Ｄを参照すると、本開示の別の態様による外科用ステープルの例示的な実施形態が、概して外科用ステープル２００として示されている。外科用ステープル２００は、上記に開示された外科用ステープル１００（図１〜４Ｃ参照）と実質的に類似しているので、相違点を強調するのに必要な程度だけ説明する。
図１７Ａに示されるように、外科用ステープル２００は、バックスパン２１２と、第１の脚部２１４と、第２の脚部２１６と、を有する本体２１０を含む。第１および第２の脚部２１４、２１６の各々は、第１の端部２１４ａ、２１６ａの各々と、第２の端部２１４ｂ、２１６ｂの各々と、を含む。第１および第２の脚部２１４、２１６の第２の端部２１４ｂ、２１６ｂの各々は、組織を貫通する先端２１４ｃ、２１６ｃを含む。外科用ステープル２００は、図１７Ａに示されるように未成形構成を有し、第１の脚部２１４および第２の脚部２１６は、互いに対して平行であり、または実質的に平行であり、互いから距離を空けられている。代替的に、未成形構成では、第１および第２の脚部２１４、２１６は、互いに対して、わずかに分かれる、または集まることなどができる。
バックスパン２１２は、ループ部材２１８を含む第１の部分２１２ａと、実質的に直線状であり、第１の脚部２１４の第１の端部２１４ａと、ループ部材２１８の第１の端部２１８ａとの間に延びる第２の部分２１２ｂと、実質的に直線状であり、第２の脚部２１６の第１の端部２１６ａと、ループ部材２１８の第２の端部２１８ｂとの間に延びる第３の部分２１２ｃと、を含む。
図１７Ａおよび１７Ｃを参照すると、実施形態において、バックスパン２１２の第２および第３の部分２１２ｂ、２１２ｃは、第１の脚部２１４の第１の端部２１４ａと、第２の脚部２１６の第１の端部２１６ａとの間に配置された圧着領域２２０を画定する。実施形態では、圧着領域２２０は、バックスパン２１２の第２の部分２１２ｂに形成された第１の圧着区画２２０ａと、バックスパン２１２の第３の部分２１２ｃに形成された第２の圧着区画２２０ｂとを含む。実施形態では、第１の圧着区画２２０ａは、第２の圧着区画２２０ｂと重なっているか、または軸方向に整列している。代替的に、圧着領域２２０は、バックスパン２１２の第２および第３の部分２１２ｂ、２１２ｃのうちの１つのみの圧着区画によって画定されてもよいことが考えられる。圧着領域２２０において、バックスパン２１２の第２および／または第３の部分２１２ｂ、２１２ｃは平らにされ、それによって、バックスパン２１２の第１および第２の圧着区画２２０ａ、２２０ｂの合わせたワイヤ厚さ「ＷＴ」が、外科用ステープル２００の本体２１０の直径「ＢＤ２」であるようにされる。実施形態では、バックスパン２１２の圧着領域２２０は、任意の適切な手段を介して２つの実質的に平坦な表面の間で外科用ステープル２００を圧縮することによって形成され得る。
図１７Ｂをさらに参照すると、外科用ステープル２００に圧着領域２２０を形成することは、第２の部分２１２ｂの軸「Ｘ５−Ｘ５」を、第３の部分２１２ｃの軸「Ｘ６−Ｘ６」と整列させる。さらに、外科用ステープル２００内に圧着領域２２０を形成することは、第１の部分２１２ａの軸「Ｘ７−Ｘ７」を、バックスパン２１２の第２および第３の部分２１２ｂ、２１２ｃの軸「Ｘ５−Ｘ５」および軸「Ｘ６−Ｘ６」とそれぞれ整列させる。その結果、外科用ステープル２００の第１の脚部２１４は、外科用ステープル２００の第２の脚部２１６と軸方向に整列し、外科用ステープル２００は、図１７Ｄに示すような細い輪郭を備える。
いくつかの実施形態では、外科用ステープル２００は、例えば、内容全体が先に参照により本明細書に組み入れられた米国特許第５，８６５，３６１号に開示されている外科用ステープル器具のような、既知の外科用ステープル器具と共に使用され得る。図１８を参照すると、’３６１特許に開示される外科用ステープル器具は、例えば、複数のプッシャー２３２２のような従来のプッシャーを含み得る。上述した複数のプッシャー１３２２（図１３参照）の斜めの構成とは対照的に、複数のプッシャー２３２２の各々は、直線状であり、それぞれの外科用ステープル２００の圧着領域２２０を支持するように構成されたステープルシート２３２６を含む。外科用ステープル２００（図１７Ｄ参照）の細い輪郭はまた、’３６１特許に開示されるようなステープルカートリッジの従来の保持スロットを通して外科用ステープル２００を受け入れることを可能にする。したがって、外科用ステープル２００は、’３６１特許に開示されるような複数のプッシャー２３２２またはステープルカートリッジに対する修正を必要とせずに、従来の外科用ステープルと互換的に使用され得ることが意図される。
さらに図４Ａ〜４Ｃを参照すると、外科用ステープル１００に関して上述したように、外科用ステープル２００は、未成形構成の間に組織「Ｔ」に隣接して位置付けられ得、次いで、組織上に変形または固定され、それによって、成形構成において、外科用ステープル２００が実質的にＢ字型のステープル構成を画定するようにされる。外科用ステープル２００を組織「Ｔ」内に配置するために、上記で開示された外科用ステープル器具１０００（図５参照）および’３６１特許に開示された外科用ステープル器具と同様の外科用器具が使用され得る。
図１９Ａおよび１９Ｂを参照すると、外科用ステープル２００の細い輪郭（図１７Ｄ参照）はまた、複数の外科用ステープル２００が、積み重ねられた向きに配置され、全体が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる米国特許第９，３６４，２１７号に開示されているＩｎ−Ｓｉｔｕ Ｌｏａｄｅｄカートリッジアセンブリに類似したカートリッジアセンブリ３０００と共に使用されるために設けられることを可能にする。
カートリッジアセンブリ３０００は、一般に、第１のステープルカートリッジ３０２０と、第２のステープルカートリッジ３０４０と、第１および第２のステープルカートリッジ３０２０，３０４０の各々に関連付けられた複数のステープルポケット３０６０とを含む。図１９Ｂは、第１のステープルカートリッジ３０２０のみを例証しているが、第１および第２のステープルカートリッジ３０２０，３０４０の各々が、複数のステープルポケット３０６０と動作可能に関連する複数のステープルマガジン３０７０および複数のプッシャー３０８０を含む。複数のステープルマガジン３０７０の各々は、複数の外科用ステープル２００を受け入れるように構成され、それによって、複数の外科用ステープル２００が、積み重ねられた向きでその中に配置されるようにされる。いったん複数の外科用ステープル２００が複数のステープルマガジン３０７０に装填されると、複数のプッシャー３０８０は、’２１７特許に開示されているように、複数の外科用ステープル２００を複数のステープルポケット３０６０を通して押し出すように構成される。複数の外科用ステープル２００は、カートリッジアセンブリ３０００に修正を加えることなく、’２１７特許に開示されているような複数の従来のステープルと交換可能に使用され得る。
本明細書で開示されるいずれの実施形態でも、ツールアセンブリは、ハンドルアセンブリの細長の部分に組み込まれることができる。ステープルカートリッジは、交換可能な装填部もしくはツールアセンブリまたは組み込まれたツールアセンブリを備えた器具における、除去可能な、および交換可能なアセンブリであることができる。
本明細書で説明される外科用ステープルは、バックスパンが変形されることが意図されない構成において利用されることができる。特定の実施形態では、バックスパンは、変形可能なバックスパン、または変形可能ではないバックスパンで、材料または物体を収容するように構成されることができる。その材料または物体は、止血剤または封止剤などの医療用の有用な材料、化学療法剤などの医薬品、および小線源治療粒子またはシードなどの放射性医薬品でさえも含むことができる。このような材料または物体は、ループ部材によって形成された開口に配置されることができる、またはループ部材に配置されたメッシュの、織られた、編まれた、不織の材料、または縫合に組み込まれることができる。
本明細書で開示された実施形態に様々な修正がされてもよいことが理解されるであろう。例えば、上記のステープルは、チタン、プラスチック、吸収性材料などを含む様々な外科的に許容可能な材料のいずれかから形成されてもよい。したがって、上記の説明は、限定としてではなく、単に好ましい実施形態の例示として解釈されるべきである。当業者は本明細書に添付される特許請求の範囲の範囲および主旨内での他の修正を想定するであろう。

Claims (20)

  1. 外科用ステープルであって、
    ある直径を有する本体であって、前記本体が、
    第１の端部および第２の端部を有する第１の脚部と、
    第１の端部および第２の端部を有する第２の脚部と、
    バックスパンと、を含み、前記バックスパンが、
    ループ部材を有する第１の部分であって、前記ループ部材が第１の端部および第２の端部を含む、第１の部分と、
    前記第１の脚部の前記第１の端部と、前記ループ部材の前記第１の端部との間に延びる第２の部分と、
    前記第２の脚部の前記第１の端部と、前記ループ部材の前記第２の端部との間に延びる第３の部分と、
    前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分および前記第３の部分の少なくとも一方に画定された圧着区画を含む圧着領域であって、前記圧着領域における前記バックスパンの前記第２および第３の部分の合わせたワイヤ厚さが、前記外科用ステープルの前記本体の前記直径とほぼ等しい、圧着領域と、を含む、本体を備える、外科用ステープル。
  2. 前記圧着領域が、前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分上に画定された第１の圧着区画と、前記バックスパンの前記第３の部分上に画定された第２の圧着区画とを含み、前記圧着領域の前記合わせたワイヤ厚さが、前記外科用ステープルの前記本体の前記直径とほぼ等しい、請求項１に記載の外科用ステープル。
  3. 前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分の前記第１の圧着区画が、前記バックスパンの前記第３の部分の前記第２の圧着区画と重なる、請求項２に記載の外科用ステープル。
  4. 前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分の前記第１の圧着区画が、前記バックスパンの前記第３の部分の前記第２の圧着区画と軸方向に整列している、請求項２に記載の外科用ステープル。
  5. 前記バックスパンの前記ループ部材が、前記ループ部材の前記第１の端部と前記ループ部材の前記第２の端部との間に延びる第１の軸を画定している、請求項３に記載の外科用ステープル。
  6. 前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分が、第２の軸を画定し、前記バックスパンの前記第３の部分が、第３の軸を画定し、前記ループ部材の前記第１の軸が、前記第２の部分の前記第２の軸および前記第３の部分の前記第３の軸と平行である、請求項５に記載の外科用ステープル。
  7. 前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分の前記第２の軸が、前記バックスパンの前記第３の部分の前記第３の軸と横方向に整列し、それによって、前記外科用ステープルの前記第１の脚部および前記第２の脚部が軸方向に整列する、請求項６に記載の外科用ステープル。
  8. 前記バックスパンの前記ループ部材が頂部を含み、前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分が第１の中間部分を含み、前記バックスパンの前記第３の部分が第２の中間部分を含み、前記ループ部材の前記頂部および前記バックスパンの前記第２および第３の部分の前記第１および第２の中間部分が、前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分の前記第２の軸と、前記バックスパンの前記第３の部分の前記第３の軸とに対して垂直な軸を画定している、請求項６に記載の外科用ステープル。
  9. 前記外科用ステープルが、未成形構成および成形構成を含み、前記外科用ステープルの前記未成形構成において、前記バックスパンの前記ループ部材の前記頂部が、前記バックスパンの前記第２および前記第３の部分の各々から第１の距離だけ離間し、前記外科用ステープルの前記成形構成において、前記バックスパンの前記ループ部材の前記頂部が、前記バックスパンの前記第２および前記第３の部分の各々から、前記第１の距離より短い第２の距離だけ離間している、請求項１に記載の外科用ステープル。
  10. 前記外科用ステープルの前記バックスパンが、前記バックスパンによって係合された組織の厚さが増大するにつれて、前記バックスパンの前記ループ部材の前記頂部と前記バックスパンの前記第２および第３の部分の各々との間の前記第２の距離が減少するように、組織と係合するように位置付けられる、請求項９に記載の外科用ステープル。
  11. 前記外科用ステープルの前記成形構成において、前記外科用ステープルの前記第１の脚部が、前記ループ部材の第１の横側に位置付けられ、前記外科用ステープルの前記第２の脚部が、前記ループ部材の前記第１の横側とは反対の前記ループ部材の第２の横側に位置付けられる、請求項９に記載の外科用ステープル。
  12. 外科用ステープルであって、
    本体であって、前記本体が、
    第１の端部および第２の端部を有する第１の脚部と、
    第１の端部および第２の端部を有する第２の脚部と、
    バックスパンと、を含み、前記バックスパンが、
    第１の端部と第２の端部とを有する第１の部分と、
    前記第１の脚部の前記第１の端部と前記第１の部分の前記第１の端部との間に長手方向に延びる第２の部分であって、第１の軸を画定している、第２の部分と、
    前記第２の脚部の前記第１の端部と前記第１の部分の前記第２の端部との間に長手方向に延びる第３の部分であって、第２の軸を画定している、第３の部分と、
    前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分および前記第３の部分の少なくとも一方に画定された圧着区画を含む圧着領域であって、前記圧着領域が、前記第２の部分の前記第１の軸を、前記第３の部分の前記第２の軸と整列させる、圧着領域と、を含む、本体を備える、外科用ステープル。
  13. 前記第１の部分が、前記第１の部分の前記第１の端部と前記第２の端部との間に位置付けられたループ部材を含む、請求項１２に記載の外科用ステープル。
  14. 前記バックスパンの前記第１の部分の前記ループ部材が、前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分の前記第１の軸と、前記バックスパンの前記第３の部分の前記第２の軸とに平行な第３の軸を画定している、請求項１３に記載の外科用ステープル。
  15. 前記圧着領域において、前記バックスパンの前記第２および第３の部分が、前記外科用ステープルの前記本体の直径とほぼ等しい合わせたワイヤ厚さを含む、請求項１２に記載の外科用ステープル。
  16. 前記バックスパンの前記第２または第３の部分の少なくとも一方に画定された圧着区画が、前記第１の脚部の前記第１の端部を、前記第２の脚部の前記第１の端部と軸方向に整列させる、請求項１２に記載の外科用ステープル。
  17. 前記バックスパンの前記圧着領域が、前記第１の脚部の前記第１の端部と前記第２の脚部の前記第１の端部との間に配置されている、請求項１２に記載の外科用ステープル。
  18. 前記圧着領域が、前記バックスパンの前記第２の部分上に画定された第１の圧着区画と、前記バックスパンの前記第３の部分上に画定された第２の圧着区画とを含む、請求項１２に記載の外科用ステープル。
  19. 前記第２の部分の前記第１の圧着区画が、前記第３の部分の第２の圧着区画と重なる、請求項１８に記載の外科用ステープル。
  20. 前記第２の部分の前記第１の圧着区画が、前記第３の部分の前記第２の圧着区画と軸方向に整列し、前記バックスパンの前記第２および第３の部分が、横方向に接触している、請求項１８に記載の外科用ステープル。
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