JP2019064890A - Organic liquid fertilizer and organic solid fertilizer, and method of producing organic liquid fertilizer and organic solid fertilizer - Google Patents

Organic liquid fertilizer and organic solid fertilizer, and method of producing organic liquid fertilizer and organic solid fertilizer Download PDF

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JP2019064890A
JP2019064890A JP2017194268A JP2017194268A JP2019064890A JP 2019064890 A JP2019064890 A JP 2019064890A JP 2017194268 A JP2017194268 A JP 2017194268A JP 2017194268 A JP2017194268 A JP 2017194268A JP 2019064890 A JP2019064890 A JP 2019064890A
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JP6470811B1 (en
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孝昭 石井
Takaaki Ishii
孝昭 石井
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Planet Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

To provide an organic liquid fertilizer and an organic solid fertilizer which are stable and have good quality, and a method of producing the organic liquid fertilizer and the organic solid fertilizer.SOLUTION: A method of producing an organic liquid fertilizer and an organic solid fertilizer of this invention includes a step of causing an organic substance to be rotten and matured with partner bacteria. In this case, the partner bacteria are microbes living in spores of mycorrhizal fungi or around the fungi and preferably include at least one kind selected from Bacillus sp. strain (KTCIGME01) NBRC109633, Bacillus thuringiensis strain (KTCIGME02) NBRC109634, Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae strain (KTCIGME03) NBRC109635, or Pseudomonas sp. strain (KCIGC01) NBRC109613.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、有機液体肥料および有機個体肥料、並びに、有機液体肥料および有機個体肥料の製造方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers, and methods of producing organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers.

有機肥料、例えば有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料の製造には微生物の働きなくしては製造できないことが良く知られている。これらの製造に使用されている微生物として、光合成細菌、枯草菌、乳酸菌などがあげられるが、これら微生物の菌株名が不明なものが非常に多い。それゆえ、安定した良質な有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料を製造するのが難しい現状にある。   It is well known that production of organic fertilizers, such as organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers, is not possible without the action of microorganisms. Examples of microorganisms used for producing these include photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and the like, but there are many cases where the strain names of these microorganisms are unknown. Therefore, it is difficult to produce stable high quality organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers.

特許文献1には、菌根菌とパートナー細菌(有益微生物)とを利用した水耕栽培方法が開示される。この文献中には、「パートナー細菌であらかじめ腐熟させた有機物による有機液体肥料」が開示されており、そのときのパートナー細菌としては、「Bacillus属、Paenibacillus属又はPseudomonas属」を採用することが示されている。   Patent Document 1 discloses a hydroponic cultivation method using mycorrhizal fungi and a partner bacterium (beneficial microorganism). In this document, "organic liquid fertilizer by organic matter previously ripened with partner bacteria" is disclosed, and it is shown that "part of Bacillus genus, Paenibacillus genus or Pseudomonas genus" is adopted as partner bacteria at that time. It is done.

一方、非特許文献1では、菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息するパートナー細菌として、Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01)、Bacillus thuringiensis(KTCIGME02)、Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae(KTCIGME03)およびPseudomonas sp.(KCIGC01)が同定されている。これらのパートナー細菌は菌根菌の生長を促進するとともに、抗菌作用や殺虫作用を持ち、窒素固定能やリン溶解能を有していることが明らかとなっている。   On the other hand, in Non-Patent Document 1, Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01), Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME02), Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME03) and Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) has been identified. These partner bacteria have been shown to promote the growth of mycorrhizal fungi, have antibacterial and insecticidal actions, and have nitrogen fixing ability and phosphorus dissolving ability.

WO2015/041136(例えば、段落0013,0014など)WO 2015/041136 (eg, paragraph 0013, 0014, etc.) 石井孝昭、2012年、アーバスキュラー菌根菌およびその菌に関連する微生物とパートナー植物を活用した土壌管理に関する研究、IFO Research Communication、26巻 p.87−100.Ishii, Takaaki, 2012. Research on soil management utilizing microorganisms and partner plants related to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their fungi, IFO Research Communication, 26 p. 87-100.

しかしながら、特許文献1では、パートナー細菌として、細菌の属を示すのみであり、有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料の素材として機能する細菌が明確に同定されておらず、菌株名も具体的に特定されていない。また、非特許文献1で同定されたパートナー細菌が有機肥料の製造において有機物の分解に効果があるという調査はない。   However, Patent Document 1 only shows the genus of bacteria as a partner bacterium, and bacteria that function as materials for organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers have not been clearly identified, and strain names are also specifically identified. Not. Moreover, there is no investigation that the partner bacteria identified by nonpatent literature 1 are effective in decomposition of organic matter in manufacture of an organic fertilizer.

このように、従来の有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料の製造では、使用微生物が同定されておらず、かつ使用微生物の活動にとって適切な生育環境条件が示されていないため、安定した良質な有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料を製造するのが難しいという問題点があった。   Thus, in the production of conventional organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers, stable organic high-quality liquid has not been identified because the microorganism used has not been identified, and the appropriate growth environment conditions for the activity of the microorganism used have not been shown. There is a problem that it is difficult to produce fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers.

本発明は、上述した問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、安定した良質な有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料、並びに、有機液体肥料および有機個体肥料の製造方法を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide stable high-quality organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers, and methods for producing organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers. There is.

この目的を達成するために本発明の有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料は、パートナー細菌であらかじめ腐熟させた有機物からなるものであって、前記パートナー細菌が、菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息する微生物であり、前記微生物が生息する。   In order to achieve this object, the organic liquid fertilizer and the organic solid fertilizer according to the present invention consist of organic matter previously ripened with partner bacteria, and the partner bacteria live in or around spores of mycorrhizal fungi. Microorganisms, which are inhabited.

本発明によれば、パートナー細菌は、菌根菌、特にアーバスキュラー菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息する微生物であり、これらの細菌を用いて安定した良質な有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料を製造できる。   According to the present invention, the partner bacteria are microorganisms which inhabit or around spores of mycorrhizal fungi, especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and using these bacteria, stable organic liquid fertilizers and solid organic fertilizers which are stable Can be manufactured.

特に、本発明に使用したパートナー細菌は、菌根菌の生長を促進するだけでなく、抗菌作用および殺虫作用を有し、大気中の窒素を固定でき、また、土壌中の難溶性あるいは不溶性のリンを溶解できる力を持つ微生物であるので、本発明の有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料に生息するパートナー細菌や、この有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料で促された菌根菌の働きによって、作物の病虫害抵抗性や環境ストレス耐性を付与できる。   In particular, the partner bacteria used in the present invention not only promote the growth of mycorrhizal fungi but also have antibacterial and insecticidal actions, can fix nitrogen in the air, and can hardly be dissolved or insoluble in soil. Since it is a microorganism having the ability to dissolve phosphorus, it is possible to produce crops by the action of partner bacteria that inhabit the organic liquid fertilizer and organic solid fertilizer of the present invention, and mycorrhizal fungi promoted by the organic liquid fertilizer and organic solid fertilizer. It can impart disease resistance and environmental stress resistance.

また、本発明によれば、有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料のパートナー細菌が窒素固定を行うため、有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料の施用後の土壌中の窒素濃度を増加できる。   Further, according to the present invention, since nitrogen-fixing is performed by the partner bacteria of the organic liquid fertilizer and the organic solid fertilizer, it is possible to increase the nitrogen concentration in the soil after the application of the organic liquid fertilizer and the organic solid fertilizer.

さらには、このパートナー細菌は土壌中に存在する難溶性あるいは不溶性のリンを溶解するので、菌根菌と協働して、リンの施用量を減らせることができる。   Furthermore, since this partner bacterium dissolves poorly soluble or insoluble phosphorus present in the soil, it is possible to cooperate with mycorrhizal fungi to reduce the amount of phosphorus applied.

このように、本発明による有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料は、菌根菌の生長を促して、作物の生長を旺盛にできるとともに、収量の増加や作物の品質向上を図ることができる。   As described above, the organic liquid fertilizer and the organic solid fertilizer according to the present invention can promote the growth of mycorrhizal fungi to make the growth of the crop flourish, and can improve the yield and the quality of the crop.

パートナー細菌で腐熟させたバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液がGlomus clarumの菌糸生長に及ぼす影響を示す表である。It is a table | surface which shows the influence which the bahiagrass stem and leaf water extract which ripened with the partner bacteria gives to mycelial growth of Glomus clarum. パートナー細菌で腐熟させたバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液がGlomus clarumを接種したカラタチの生長および菌根形成に及ぼす影響を示す表である。FIG. 6 is a table showing the effect of bahiagrass stem and leaf water extract ripened with a partner bacterium on the growth and mycorrhiza formation of the ground lice inoculated with Glomus clarum. パートナー細菌で腐熟させた米ぬかがGlomus clarumを接種したトマトおよびキュウリの生長および菌根形成に及ぼす影響を示す表である。It is a table | surface which shows the influence which the rice bran ripened by the partner bacteria gives to growth and mycorrhiza formation of the tomato and cucumber which inoculated the Glomus clarum.

以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態について説明する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.

(1)有機肥料の製造方法
本発明の一実施形態における有機肥料の製造方法について説明する。
(1) Method of Manufacturing Organic Fertilizer A method of manufacturing an organic fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

(1−1)供試微生物
供試微生物は、菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息するパートナー細菌で、下記群より選択された一種類以上の微生物である。
1)Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01)NBRC109633菌株
2)Bacillus thuringiensis(KTCIGME02)NBRC109634菌株
3)Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae(KTCIGME03)NBRC109635菌株
4)Pseudomonas sp.(KCIGC01)NBRC109613菌株
なお、相同性が97%以上のものを含む。
また、菌根菌は、Glomus clarumというアーバスキュラー菌根菌(AMF)である。
(1-1) Test microbe The test microbe is a partner bacteria that inhabits or around spores of mycorrhizal fungi, and is one or more types of microbes selected from the following group.
1) Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01) NBRC109633 strain 2) Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME02) NBRC109634 strain 3) Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME03) NBRC109635 strain 4) Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 strain Furthermore, those having a homology of 97% or more are included.
In addition, mycorrhizal fungus is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) called Glomus clarum.

(1−2)実証例
パートナー細菌で腐熟させた有機物からの水抽出物が菌根菌の菌糸生長および作物の菌根形成に及ぼす影響の実証例について説明する。
(1-2) Demonstration Example A demonstration example of the effect of a water extract from an organic matter ripened by a partner bacterium on mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhiza formation of a crop will be described.

(実験1)バヒアグラス茎葉を(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌で約1か月間腐熟処理させた後、この腐熟させた茎葉から蒸留水を用いて抽出した液(水抽出液)を得た。その後、表面消毒したGlomus clarumというアーバスキュラー菌根菌(AMF)胞子を、オートクレーブ処理した抽出液を含む素寒天培地に置床させた後、30℃のインキュベーターで培養した。なお、対照区は水のみの素寒天培地とした。培養1週間後、AMF胞子からの菌糸の長さを測定した。
その結果、いずれのバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液処理区の菌糸長は、対照(水のみ)区と比べて長くなり、菌根菌の生長を促していることが認められた(図1)。
なお、図1は、パートナー細菌で腐熟させたバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液がGlomus clarumの菌糸生長に及ぼす影響を示す表である。
(Experiment 1) After bluing treatment of bahiagrass stems and leaves with the partner bacteria shown in section (1-1) for about 1 month, a liquid (water extract) extracted from the rotted stems and leaves using distilled water was obtained . Thereafter, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) spores, surface-disinfected Glomus clarum, were placed on an elementary agar medium containing an autoclaved extract, and then cultured in an incubator at 30 ° C. The control group was a water-only plain agar medium. After 1 week of culture, hyphal length from AMF spores was measured.
As a result, it was found that the mycelium length of any of the bahiagrass stem and leaf water extract treated sections is longer than that of the control (water only) section, and promotes the growth of mycorrhizal fungi (FIG. 1).
In addition, FIG. 1 is a table | surface which shows the influence which the bahiagrass stem-and-leaf water extract liquid which ripened with the partner bacteria gives on the mycelial growth of Glomus clarum.

(実験2)実験1と同様に腐熟処理したバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液(0.4g相当量)を1週間ごとに4回、Glomus clarumというアーバスキュラー菌根菌(AMF)を接種したカラタチ根圏に処理した。なお、対照区は水のみの区とした。処理開始約2か月後、解体調査を行うとともに、根をPhillipsとHayman(1970)の方法で染色した後、石井ら(1996)の方法で菌根感染率を調査した。
その結果、バヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液処理区のカラタチの生育は、対照(水のみ)区と比べて、樹体生長が旺盛になるとともに、根の菌根感染率も高かった(図2)。
なお、図2は、パートナー細菌で腐熟させたバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液がGlomus clarumを接種したカラタチの生長および菌根形成に及ぼす影響を示す表である。
(Experiment 2) Bahia grass stem and leaf water extract (0.4 g equivalent amount), which was ripened in the same manner as in Experiment 1, was inoculated 4 times per week with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) called Glomus clarum in the trifoliate rhizosphere It was processed. The control area was a water only area. About two months after the initiation of treatment, dissection was conducted and roots were stained by the method of Phillips and Hayman (1970), and then the mycorrhizal infection rate was examined by the method of Ishii et al. (1996).
As a result, compared to the control (water only) group, the growth of the ground lice in the bahiagrass stem and leaf water extract treated area was vigorous, and the mycorrhizal infection rate of the root was also high (FIG. 2).
In addition, FIG. 2 is a table | surface which shows the influence which acts on the growth and mycorrhizal formation of the grass leaf which the bahiagrass stem-and-leaf water extract liquid which ripened with the partner bacteria inoculated Glomus clarum.

(1−3)有機液体肥料の製造方法
(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌の全て、あるいは少なくとも1種類以上を用いて、有機物に一定量の水(有機物:水=1:1〜10、v/v。濃縮有機液体肥料を作るためには水の割合を小さくした方が望ましい)を加えて、以下の条件で発酵させる。
条件1:培養温度・・・40〜45度
条件2:発酵時間・・・300〜600時間
条件3:撹拌・・・培養期間中、1日2回(1回5〜15分、例えば、10分)攪拌
なお、条件1の温度において、条件2の時間とすることで、確実な発酵とコストの低減との両立を図ることができる。条件3において、単発の攪拌とすることで、コストを低減できる。但し、連続回転による攪拌としても良い。
有機物は、以下のものが例示される。
例1:カラスノエンドウ、レンゲ、クローバー、ダイズなどの豆科植物の茎葉や、これらにイネ科植物の茎葉などを加えて腐熟させた緑肥
例2:トウモロコシ、油かす、大豆かすなどの植物性残渣を腐熟させたもの
例3:家畜糞尿などの動物性残渣を腐熟させたもの
(1-3) Method of Producing Organic Liquid Fertilizer A fixed amount of water (organic matter: water = 1: 1 to 10), using all or at least one or more of the partner bacteria shown in the item (1-1). In order to make concentrated organic liquid fertilizer, it is desirable to reduce the proportion of water) and ferment under the following conditions.
Condition 1: Culture temperature: 40 to 45 degrees Condition 2: Fermentation time: 300 to 600 hours Condition 3: Stirring: twice a day during the culture period (5 to 15 minutes, for example, 10 times) Minute) Stirring At the temperature of condition 1 and by setting the time of condition 2, it is possible to achieve both of reliable fermentation and cost reduction. The cost can be reduced by single stirring under condition 3. However, it is good also as stirring by continuous rotation.
Examples of the organic substance are as follows.
Example 1: Green manure ripened by adding stems and leaves of legumes such as mustard pea, lotus root, clover, soybean, etc. to these, etc. Example 2: Plant matter such as corn, oil scum, soybean meal The residue is ripened Example 3: The animal residue such as livestock manure is ripened

(1−4)有機固体肥料の製造方法
有機物((1−3)項で例示したもの)を堆積した後、(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌の全て、あるいは少なくとも1種類以上を含む培養液を、堆積した有機物の上部から流し込むか、噴霧して、堆肥化する。
パートナー細菌を処理した有機物の堆積期間中の温度管理は、有機物の堆積後、発熱してくるので、特に温度調節装置の準備は必要がない。但し、堆積有機物の外部の温度が上昇しにくいので、有機物をビニルシートなどで被うことが好ましい。また、温度調節装置を用いて、有機物堆積直後から1か月程度、40−45℃に温度調整し、発酵を促進させても良い。これにより、パートナー細菌の活動を早めて有機固体肥料を短期間で製造することができる。なお、1か月で1−2回、有機物の切り返しを行うことが望ましい。
有機物には、(1−3)項で例示したもの以外に、様々の有機物が使えるが、化学合成農薬などの化学物質や放射性物質が残留しない有機物を用いることが望ましい。
(1-4) Method of Producing Organic Solid Fertilizer After depositing organic matter (as exemplified in (1-3)), culture containing all or at least one or more of the partner bacteria shown in (1-1) The solution is composted by pouring or spraying from the top of the deposited organic matter.
Temperature control during deposition of the organic matter treated with the partner bacteria generates heat after the deposition of the organic matter, and thus no preparation of a temperature control device is particularly necessary. However, since the temperature outside the deposited organic matter does not easily rise, it is preferable to cover the organic matter with a vinyl sheet or the like. Further, the temperature may be adjusted to 40-45 ° C. for about one month immediately after the deposition of the organic substance using a temperature control device to promote the fermentation. This can accelerate the activity of partner bacteria and produce organic solid fertilizer in a short period of time. In addition, it is desirable to switch back the organic matter 1 to 2 times a month.
Although various organic substances can be used as the organic substances other than those exemplified in the item (1-3), it is desirable to use organic substances in which no chemical substance such as chemically synthesized pesticide or radioactive substance remains.

以下(2)及び(3)を参照して、本発明の有機液体肥料および有機固定肥料の特性を生かした活用方法およびパートナー細菌が活動しやすい適切な生育環境条件について説明する。   With reference to the following (2) and (3), utilization methods utilizing the characteristics of the organic liquid fertilizer and organic fixed fertilizer of the present invention and appropriate growth environment conditions in which the partner bacteria are easily active will be described.

(2)本発明の有機液体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例
(2−1)養液循環式栽培
本発明の有機液体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例の一例として、養液循環式栽培における栽培例について説明する。
菌根菌胞子を以下の条件で休眠打破する。
条件1:温度・・・30〜35度
条件2:時間・・・12〜24時間
スポンジ等の培地に植物の種子を播種した後、休眠打破した菌根菌胞子を数個添加する。
栽培品種としては、次のものが例示される。
例1:・・・リーフレタス
例2:・・・コマツナ
添加する菌根菌胞子の個数は、例えば、1株当たり1〜5個が例示され、好ましい個数は、2個または3個である。
植物の種子の播種および菌根菌胞子の添加におけるその他の条件
条件1:播種した後の最初の給水時から(1)項で示した有機液体肥料を電気伝導度(EC)=0.6mS/cm以下に希釈し供給する。
有機液体肥料の培地への供給に関してのその他の条件
条件1:供給間隔・・・栽培養液のEC値が0.45mS/cmを下回った時に供給する。
条件2:供給濃度・・・栽培養液のEC値を測定しながら、EC=0.6mS/cmになるように希釈し供給する。
なお、養液循環式栽培は、次の栽培装置を用いて行われる。即ち、養液循環式栽培における栽培装置は、栽培養液が満たされ植物が配置される栽培槽と、栽培養液を貯留する貯留タンクと、その貯留タンクからポンプによって栽培槽へ栽培養液を供給する第1の配管と、栽培層から排出される栽培養液を貯留タンクへ戻す第2の配管とを備え、栽培養液が栽培槽と貯留タンクとの間で循環するように構成される。
(2) Cultivation example of plant using organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention (2-1) Hydroponic circulation cultivation As an example of cultivation example of plant using organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention, cultivation in hydroponic circulation cultivation An example will be described.
The dormancy is destroyed under the following conditions.
Condition 1: Temperature 30 to 35 degrees Condition 2: time 12 to 24 hours After plant seeds are sown in a medium such as a sponge, some break-broken mycorrhizal spores are added.
The following are exemplified as cultivars.
Example 1: Leaf lettuce Example 2: Komatsuna The number of mycorrhizal spores to be added is, for example, 1 to 5 per strain, and a preferable number is 2 or 3.
Other conditions for seeding of plant seeds and addition of mycorrhizal spores Condition 1: The organic liquid fertilizer shown in the item (1) from the time of the first water supply after sowing: conductivity (EC) = 0.6 mS / Dilute to cm or less and supply.
Other Conditions for Supplying Organic Liquid Fertilizer to the Medium Condition 1: Supplying interval: Supplying when the EC value of the culture solution falls below 0.45 mS / cm.
Condition 2: supply concentration ... while measuring EC value of the culture broth, it is diluted and supplied so that EC = 0.6 mS / cm.
In addition, nutrient solution circulation type cultivation is performed using the following cultivation apparatus. That is, the cultivation apparatus in the nutrient solution circulation type cultivation is a cultivation tank in which the cultivation culture solution is filled and a plant is disposed, a storage tank for storing the cultivation culture solution, and a cultivation culture fluid from the storage tank to the cultivation tank by a pump. A first pipe for supplying and a second pipe for returning the culture fluid discharged from the culture layer to the storage tank, and the culture fluid is configured to circulate between the culture tank and the storage tank .

(2−2)底面灌水式栽培
本発明の有機液体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例の一例として、底面灌水式栽培における栽培例について説明する。
菌根菌胞子を以下の条件で休眠打破する。
条件1:温度・・・30〜35度
条件2:時間・・・12〜24時間
休眠打破した菌根菌胞子を多孔質礫培地等に適量添加し、攪拌により均一な状態としたものを栽培培地とし、その中へ植物の種子を播種する。
多孔質礫培地は肥料分を含まない水のみで湿らせる。
栽培品種としては、次のものが例示される。
例1:・・・リーフレタス
例2:・・・コマツナ
添加する菌根菌胞子の個数は、例えば、1株当たり3〜8個が例示され、好ましい個数は、5個または6個である。
菌根菌胞子の添加および植物の種子の播種におけるその他の条件
条件1:播種した後の最初の給水時には(1)項の有機液体肥料を電気伝導度(EC)=0.6mS/cm以下に希釈した養液を供給する。
有機液体肥料の供給に関してのその他の条件
条件1:供給間隔・・・給水ごとに添加する
条件2:供給濃度・・・2回目以降の給水からは、EC値=0.6になるように希釈した養液を供給する。
なお、底面灌水式栽培は、次の栽培装置を用いて行われる。即ち、底面灌水式栽培における栽培装置は、植物が底面灌水可能に配置される栽培槽と、その栽培槽へ栽培養液を供給する供給手段とを備え、植物が吸水した分だけ供給手段から栽培養液が栽培槽へ供給されるように構成される。
(2-2) Bottom surface irrigation type cultivation As an example of cultivation of a plant using the organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention, a cultivation example in bottom surface irrigation type cultivation will be described.
The dormancy is destroyed under the following conditions.
Condition 1: Temperature: 30 to 35 ° C. Condition 2: hour: 12 to 24 hours An appropriate amount of mycorrhizal spores that have broken dormancy are added to a porous medium, etc. The medium is used as a seed for sowing plant seeds.
The porous sputum culture medium is wetted only with water containing no fertilizer.
The following are exemplified as cultivars.
Example 1: Leaf lettuce Example 2: Komatsuna The number of mycorrhizal spores to be added is, for example, 3 to 8 per strain, and the preferred number is 5 or 6.
Addition of mycorrhizal spores and other conditions for sowing of plant seeds Condition 1: At the time of the first water supply after sowing, the organic liquid fertilizer of item (1) is made to have an electric conductivity (EC) of not more than 0.6 mS / cm Supply diluted nutrient solution.
Other conditions for the supply of organic liquid fertilizer Condition 1: Supply interval ... Add every water supply Condition 2: Supply concentration ... Dilution so that EC value = 0.6 from the second and subsequent water supply Supply the nutrient solution.
In addition, bottom surface irrigation type cultivation is performed using the following cultivation apparatus. That is, the cultivation apparatus in the bottom surface irrigation type cultivation comprises a cultivation tank in which the plants are disposed so as to be able to be flooded on the bottom surface, and a supply means for supplying a culture fluid to the culture tank. It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be supplied to a cultivation tank.

(3)本発明による有機固体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例
本発明の有機固体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例の一例として、土壌における栽培例について説明する。
(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌を処理し発酵させた米ぬか(42℃のインキュベーターで約1か月間発酵)と無処理の自然発酵(室温下)させた米ぬかとを土壌に処理し混和させた後、トマトおよびキュウリの苗を植え付けた。その後直ちに、Glomus clarum胞子を主に含むAMF接種源0.5g(胞子約50個)を両区の苗の周辺に処理した。実験開始約1か月後、苗の生育調査を行った。
その結果、パートナー細菌を処理し発酵させた米ぬか施用区のトマトおよびキュウリの苗の生育は、無処理の自然発酵させた米ぬか施用区のものと比べて旺盛となり、菌根感染率も高かった(図3)。なお、パートナー細菌を処理し発酵させた米ぬか施用区の苗では病害虫の被害も少ない傾向にあった。
なお、図3は、パートナー細菌で腐熟させた米ぬかがGlomus clarumを接種したトマトおよびキュウリの生長および菌根形成に及ぼす影響を示す表である。
(3) Cultivation Example of Plant Using Organic Solid Fertilizer According to the Present Invention As an example of cultivation of a plant using the organic solid fertilizer of the present invention, a cultivation example in soil will be described.
Treat soil with rice bran (fermented for about 1 month in an incubator at 42 ° C) treated and fermented with the partner bacteria shown in section (1-1) and rice bran treated with no natural treatment (under room temperature) into the soil and mix After that, tomato and cucumber seedlings were planted. Immediately thereafter, 0.5 g (about 50 spores) of an AMF inoculum mainly containing Glomus clarum spores was treated around the seedlings of both plots. About 1 month after the start of the experiment, the growth of the seedlings was investigated.
As a result, tomato and cucumber seedlings grown in the rice bran application area treated and fermented with partner bacteria were more vigorous than those in the untreated natural fermentation rice bran applied area, and the mycorrhizal infection rate was also high (see below). Figure 3). In addition, the seedlings of the rice bran application zone treated and fermented with the partner bacteria tended to have less damage to diseases and pests.
In addition, FIG. 3 is a table which shows the influence which the rice bran ripened by partner bacteria has on the growth and mycorrhiza formation of the tomato and cucumber which inoculated the Glomus clarum.

以上、実施の形態に基づき本発明を説明したが、本発明は上記実施の形態に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々の改良変形が可能であることは容易に推察できるものである。   Although the present invention has been described above based on the embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It can be easily guessed.

上記実施形態では、(1−1)項に示すパートナー細菌で有機物を腐熟させる場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られず、他の1又は複数種類の微生物をさらに加えても良い。他の微生物としては、例えば、乳酸菌や酵母が例示される。(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌は、いずれも乳酸菌および酵母と共存できる微生物であるので、有効(安定した良質)な有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料を製造できる。
Although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where organic matter was ripened with the partner bacteria shown to a (1-1) term, it is not necessarily restricted to this, You may further add other 1 or several types of microorganisms. Examples of other microorganisms include, for example, lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. The partner bacteria shown in the item (1-1) are microorganisms which can coexist with lactic acid bacteria and yeast, so that effective (stable and good quality) organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers can be produced.

本発明は、有機液体肥料および有機体肥料、並びに、有機液体肥料および有機体肥料の製造方法に関するものである。
The present invention relates to an organic liquid manure and organic solid body fertilizers, as well as a manufacturing method of an organic liquid manure and organic solid body fertilizers.

本発明は、上述した問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、安定した良質な有機液体肥料および有機固体肥料、並びに、有機液体肥料および有機体肥料の製造方法を提供することを目的としている。
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, stable and high-quality organic liquid manure and organic solid fertilizer, and aims to provide a method of manufacturing an organic liquid manure and organic solid body fertilizers And

(1−3)有機液体肥料の製造方法
(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌の全て、あるいは少なくとも1種類以上を用いて、有機物に一定量の水(有機物:水=1:1〜10、v/v。濃縮有機液体肥料を作るためには水の割合を小さくした方が望ましい)を加えて、以下の条件で発酵させる。
条件1:培養温度・・・40〜45
条件2:発酵時間・・・300〜600時間
条件3:撹拌・・・培養期間中、1日2回(1回5〜15分、例えば、10分)攪拌
なお、条件1の温度において、条件2の時間とすることで、確実な発酵とコストの低減との両立を図ることができる。条件3において、単発の攪拌とすることで、コストを低減できる。但し、連続回転による攪拌としても良い。
有機物は、以下のものが例示される。
例1:カラスノエンドウ、レンゲ、クローバー、ダイズなどの豆科植物の茎葉や、これらにイネ科植物の茎葉などを加えて腐熟させた緑肥
例2:トウモロコシ、油かす、大豆かすなどの植物性残渣を腐熟させたもの
例3:家畜糞尿などの動物性残渣を腐熟させたもの
(1-3) Method of Producing Organic Liquid Fertilizer A fixed amount of water (organic matter: water = 1: 1 to 10), using all or at least one or more of the partner bacteria shown in the item (1-1). In order to make concentrated organic liquid fertilizer, it is desirable to reduce the proportion of water) and ferment under the following conditions.
Condition 1: Culture temperature ... 40-45 ° C
Condition 2: Fermentation time: 300 to 600 hours Condition 3: Stirring: Twice a day (5 to 15 minutes once, for example, 10 minutes) during the culture period Note that the condition 1 is at the temperature By setting it as the time of 2, coexistence with reliable fermentation and reduction of cost can be aimed at. The cost can be reduced by single stirring under condition 3. However, it is good also as stirring by continuous rotation.
Examples of the organic substance are as follows.
Example 1: Green manure ripened by adding stems and leaves of legumes such as mustard pea, lotus root, clover, soybean, etc. to these, etc. Example 2: Plant matter such as corn, oil scum, soybean meal The residue is ripened Example 3: The animal residue such as livestock manure is ripened

(2)本発明の有機液体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例
(2−1)養液循環式栽培
本発明の有機液体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例の一例として、養液循環式栽培における栽培例について説明する。
菌根菌胞子を以下の条件で休眠打破する。
条件1:温度・・・30〜35
条件2:時間・・・12〜24時間
スポンジ等の培地に植物の種子を播種した後、休眠打破した菌根菌胞子を数個添加する。
栽培品種としては、次のものが例示される。
例1:・・・リーフレタス
例2:・・・コマツナ
添加する菌根菌胞子の個数は、例えば、1株当たり1〜5個が例示され、好ましい個数は、2個または3個である。
植物の種子の播種および菌根菌胞子の添加におけるその他の条件
条件1:播種した後の最初の給水時から(1)項で示した有機液体肥料を電気伝導度(EC)=0.6mS/cm以下に希釈し供給する。
有機液体肥料の培地への供給に関してのその他の条件
条件1:供給間隔・・・栽培養液のEC値が0.45mS/cmを下回った時に供給する。
条件2:供給濃度・・・栽培養液のEC値を測定しながら、EC=0.6mS/cmになるように希釈し供給する。
なお、養液循環式栽培は、次の栽培装置を用いて行われる。即ち、養液循環式栽培における栽培装置は、栽培養液が満たされ植物が配置される栽培槽と、栽培養液を貯留する貯留タンクと、その貯留タンクからポンプによって栽培槽へ栽培養液を供給する第1の配管と、栽培層から排出される栽培養液を貯留タンクへ戻す第2の配管とを備え、栽培養液が栽培槽と貯留タンクとの間で循環するように構成される。
(2) Cultivation example of plant using organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention (2-1) Hydroponic circulation cultivation As an example of cultivation example of plant using organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention, cultivation in hydroponic circulation cultivation An example will be described.
The dormancy is destroyed under the following conditions.
Condition 1: Temperature ... 30 to 35 ° C
Condition 2: Time ... 12 to 24 hours After seeding the plant seeds in a medium such as a sponge, several pieces of mycorrhizal spores which have been subjected to dormancy are added.
The following are exemplified as cultivars.
Example 1: Leaf lettuce Example 2: Komatsuna The number of mycorrhizal spores to be added is, for example, 1 to 5 per strain, and a preferable number is 2 or 3.
Other conditions for seeding of plant seeds and addition of mycorrhizal spores Condition 1: The organic liquid fertilizer shown in the item (1) from the time of the first water supply after sowing: conductivity (EC) = 0.6 mS / Dilute to cm or less and supply.
Other Conditions for Supplying Organic Liquid Fertilizer to the Medium Condition 1: Supplying interval: Supplying when the EC value of the culture solution falls below 0.45 mS / cm.
Condition 2: supply concentration ... while measuring EC value of the culture broth, it is diluted and supplied so that EC = 0.6 mS / cm.
In addition, nutrient solution circulation type cultivation is performed using the following cultivation apparatus. That is, the cultivation apparatus in the nutrient solution circulation type cultivation is a cultivation tank in which the cultivation culture solution is filled and a plant is disposed, a storage tank for storing the cultivation culture solution, and a cultivation culture fluid from the storage tank to the cultivation tank by a pump. A first pipe for supplying and a second pipe for returning the culture fluid discharged from the culture layer to the storage tank, and the culture fluid is configured to circulate between the culture tank and the storage tank .

(2−2)底面灌水式栽培
本発明の有機液体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例の一例として、底面灌水式栽培における栽培例について説明する。
菌根菌胞子を以下の条件で休眠打破する。
条件1:温度・・・30〜35
条件2:時間・・・12〜24時間
休眠打破した菌根菌胞子を多孔質礫培地等に適量添加し、攪拌により均一な状態としたものを栽培培地とし、その中へ植物の種子を播種する。
多孔質礫培地は肥料分を含まない水のみで湿らせる。
栽培品種としては、次のものが例示される。
例1:・・・リーフレタス
例2:・・・コマツナ
添加する菌根菌胞子の個数は、例えば、1株当たり3〜8個が例示され、好ましい個数は、5個または6個である。
菌根菌胞子の添加および植物の種子の播種におけるその他の条件
条件1:播種した後の最初の給水時には(1)項の有機液体肥料を電気伝導度(EC)=0.6mS/cm以下に希釈した養液を供給する。
有機液体肥料の供給に関してのその他の条件
条件1:供給間隔・・・給水ごとに添加する
条件2:供給濃度・・・2回目以降の給水からは、EC値=0.6になるように希釈した養液を供給する。
なお、底面灌水式栽培は、次の栽培装置を用いて行われる。即ち、底面灌水式栽培における栽培装置は、植物が底面灌水可能に配置される栽培槽と、その栽培槽へ栽培養液を供給する供給手段とを備え、植物が吸水した分だけ供給手段から栽培養液が栽培槽へ供給されるように構成される。
(2-2) Bottom surface irrigation type cultivation As an example of cultivation of a plant using the organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention, a cultivation example in bottom surface irrigation type cultivation will be described.
The dormancy is destroyed under the following conditions.
Condition 1: Temperature ... 30 to 35 ° C
Condition 2: Time ... 12 to 24 hours An appropriate amount of mycorrhizal fungal spores that have broken dormancy is added to a porous cocoon medium etc., and a uniform state is obtained by stirring, which is used as a culture medium, and the plant seeds are sown Do.
The porous sputum culture medium is wetted only with water containing no fertilizer.
The following are exemplified as cultivars.
Example 1: Leaf lettuce Example 2: Komatsuna The number of mycorrhizal spores to be added is, for example, 3 to 8 per strain, and the preferred number is 5 or 6.
Addition of mycorrhizal spores and other conditions for sowing of plant seeds Condition 1: At the time of the first water supply after sowing, the organic liquid fertilizer of item (1) is made to have an electric conductivity (EC) of not more than 0.6 mS / cm Supply diluted nutrient solution.
Other conditions for the supply of organic liquid fertilizer Condition 1: Supply interval ... Add every water supply Condition 2: Supply concentration ... Dilution so that EC value = 0.6 from the second and subsequent water supply Supply the nutrient solution.
In addition, bottom surface irrigation type cultivation is performed using the following cultivation apparatus. That is, the cultivation apparatus in the bottom surface irrigation type cultivation comprises a cultivation tank in which the plants are disposed so as to be able to be flooded on the bottom surface, and a supply means for supplying a culture fluid to the culture tank. It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be supplied to a cultivation tank.

本発明は、有機液体肥料および有機固肥料、並びに、有機液体肥料および有機固肥料の製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an organic liquid manure and organic solid form fertilizers, as well as a manufacturing method of an organic liquid manure and organic solid form fertilizers.

有機肥料、例えば有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料の製造には微生物の働きなくしては製造できないことが良く知られている。これらの製造に使用されている微生物として、光合成細菌、枯草菌、乳酸菌などがあげられるが、これら微生物の菌株名が不明なものが非常に多い。それゆえ、安定した良質な有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料を製造するのが難しい現状にある。   It is well known that production of organic fertilizers, such as organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers, is not possible without the action of microorganisms. Examples of microorganisms used for producing these include photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria and the like, but there are many cases where the strain names of these microorganisms are unknown. Therefore, it is difficult to produce stable high quality organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid fertilizers.

特許文献1には、菌根菌とパートナー細菌(有益微生物)とを利用した水耕栽培方法が開示される。この文献中には、「パートナー細菌であらかじめ腐熟させた有機物による有機液体肥料」が開示されており、そのときのパートナー細菌としては、「Bacillus属、Paenibacillus属又はPseudomonas属」を採用することが示されている。   Patent Document 1 discloses a hydroponic cultivation method using mycorrhizal fungi and a partner bacterium (beneficial microorganism). In this document, "organic liquid fertilizer by organic matter previously ripened with partner bacteria" is disclosed, and it is shown that "part of Bacillus genus, Paenibacillus genus or Pseudomonas genus" is adopted as partner bacteria at that time. It is done.

一方、非特許文献1では、菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息するパートナー細菌として、Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01)、Bacillus thuringiensis(KTCIGME02)、Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae(KTCIGME03)およびPseudomonas sp.(KCIGC01)が同定されている。これらのパートナー細菌は菌根菌の生長を促進するとともに、抗菌作用や殺虫作用を持ち、窒素固定能やリン溶解能を有していることが明らかとなっている。   On the other hand, in Non-Patent Document 1, Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01), Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME02), Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME03) and Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) has been identified. These partner bacteria have been shown to promote the growth of mycorrhizal fungi, have antibacterial and insecticidal actions, and have nitrogen fixing ability and phosphorus dissolving ability.

WO2015/041136(例えば、段落0013,0014など)WO 2015/041136 (eg, paragraph 0013, 0014, etc.) 石井孝昭、2012年、アーバスキュラー菌根菌およびその菌に関連する微生物とパートナー植物を活用した土壌管理に関する研究、IFO Research Communication、26巻 p.87−100.Ishii, Takaaki, 2012. Research on soil management utilizing microorganisms and partner plants related to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their fungi, IFO Research Communication, 26 p. 87-100.

しかしながら、特許文献1では、パートナー細菌として、細菌の属を示すのみであり、有機液体肥料および有機固肥料の素材として機能する細菌が明確に同定されておらず、菌株名も具体的に特定されていない。また、非特許文献1で同定されたパートナー細菌が有機肥料の製造において有機物の分解に効果があるという調査はない。 However, Patent Document 1, as a partner bacteria, only showing a bacteria of the genus, not bacteria functions as a material for the organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid form fertilizer is clearly identified, strain name is also specifically identify It has not been. Moreover, there is no investigation that the partner bacteria identified by the nonpatent literature 1 are effective in decomposition | disassembly of organic substance in manufacture of an organic fertilizer.

このように、従来の有機液体肥料および有機固肥料の製造では、使用微生物が同定されておらず、かつ使用微生物の活動にとって適切な生育環境条件が示されていないため、安定した良質な有機液体肥料および有機固肥料を製造するのが難しいという問題点があった。 Thus, in the production of conventional organic liquid manure and organic solid form fertilizer, since the microorganism used has not been identified, and not suitable habitat conditions indicated for use microbial activity, stable and high-quality organic to produce liquid fertilizer and organic solid form fertilizer is disadvantageously difficult.

本発明は、上述した問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、安定した良質な有機液体肥料および有機固肥料、並びに、有機液体肥料および有機固肥料の製造方法を提供することを目的としている。 The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, stable and high-quality organic liquid manure and organic solid form fertilizers, as well, to provide a method of manufacturing an organic liquid manure and organic solid type fertilizers The purpose is.

この目的を達成するために本発明の有機液体肥料および有機固肥料は、パートナー細菌であらかじめ腐熟させた有機物からなるものであって、前記パートナー細菌が、菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息する微生物であり、下記群より選択された少なくとも一種類以上の微生物を含み、前記微生物が生息する。Bacillus属におけるBacillus sp. (KTCIGME01)NBRC109633菌株、Bacillus thuringiensis(KTCIGME02)NBRC109634菌株、Paenibacillus属におけるPaenibacillus rhizosphaerae(KTCIGME03)NBRC109635菌株
本発明の有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料の製造方法は、パートナー細菌であらかじめ腐熟させた有機物から有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料を製造する方法であって、前記パートナー細菌が、菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息する微生物であり、下記群より選択された少なくとも一種類以上の微生物を含み、前記有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料に前記微生物が生息する。Bacillus属におけるBacillus sp. (KTCIGME01)NBRC109633菌株、Bacillus thuringiensis(KTCIGME02)NBRC109634菌株、Paenibacillus属におけるPaenibacillus rhizosphaerae(KTCIGME03)NBRC109635菌株
Organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid form fertilizer of the present invention in order to achieve this purpose, be made of a pre-rot ripen allowed organics were partners bacteria, the partner bacteria, the spores within or around the mycorrhizal It is a living microorganism, contains at least one or more kinds of microorganisms selected from the following group , and the microorganisms live. Bacillus sp. In the genus Bacillus (KTCIGME01) NBRC109633 strain, Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME02) NBRC109634 strain, Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME03) NBRC109635 strain in the genus Paenibacillus
The method of producing an organic liquid fertilizer and organic solid fertilizer according to the present invention is a method of producing an organic liquid fertilizer and an organic solid fertilizer from an organic substance previously ripened with a partner bacterium, wherein the partner bacterium is spores of mycorrhizal fungi. The microorganism is a microorganism which inhabits the periphery, contains at least one or more kinds of microorganisms selected from the following group, and the microorganism inhabits the organic liquid fertilizer and the organic solid fertilizer. Bacillus sp. In the genus Bacillus (KTCIGME01) NBRC109633 strain, Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME02) NBRC109634 strain, Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME03) NBRC109635 strain in the genus Paenibacillus

本発明によれば、パートナー細菌は、菌根菌、特にアーバスキュラー菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息する微生物であり、これらの細菌を用いて安定した良質な有機液体肥料および有機固肥料を製造できる。 According to the present invention, partner bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, a microorganism that particular inhabit spores within or around the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, stable and high-quality organic liquid manure and organic solid form using these bacteria Can produce fertilizer.

特に、本発明に使用したパートナー細菌は、菌根菌の生長を促進するだけでなく、抗菌作用および殺虫作用を有し、大気中の窒素を固定でき、また、土壌中の難溶性あるいは不溶性のリンを溶解できる力を持つ微生物であるので、本発明の有機液体肥料および有機固肥料に生息するパートナー細菌や、この有機液体肥料および有機固肥料で促された菌根菌の働きによって、作物の病虫害抵抗性や環境ストレス耐性を付与できる。 In particular, the partner bacteria used in the present invention not only promote the growth of mycorrhizal fungi but also have antibacterial and insecticidal actions, can fix nitrogen in the air, and can hardly be dissolved or insoluble in soil. since microorganisms having the power to dissolve phosphorus, and partners bacteria that live in the organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid form fertilizer of the present invention, by the action of mycorrhizal prompted by the organic liquid manure and organic solid form fertilizers, It can impart crop disease resistance and environmental stress resistance.

また、本発明によれば、有機液体肥料および有機固肥料のパートナー細菌が窒素固定を行うため、有機液体肥料および有機固肥料の施用後の土壌中の窒素濃度を増加できる。 Further, according to the present invention, since the partner bacteria organic liquid fertilizers and organic solid form fertilizer perform nitrogen fixation, it can increase the concentration of nitrogen in the soil after application of an organic liquid manure and organic solid form fertilizers.

さらには、このパートナー細菌は土壌中に存在する難溶性あるいは不溶性のリンを溶解するので、菌根菌と協働して、リンの施用量を減らせることができる。   Furthermore, since this partner bacterium dissolves poorly soluble or insoluble phosphorus present in the soil, it is possible to cooperate with mycorrhizal fungi to reduce the amount of phosphorus applied.

このように、本発明による有機液体肥料および有機固肥料は、菌根菌の生長を促して、作物の生長を旺盛にできるとともに、収量の増加や作物の品質向上を図ることができる。 Thus, the organic liquid manure and organic solid form fertilizer according to the present invention, encourage the growth of mycorrhizal fungi, it is possible to vigorous crop growth, it is possible to improve the quality and an increase in crop yield.

パートナー細菌で腐熟させたバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液がGlomus clarumの菌糸生長に及ぼす影響を示す表である。It is a table | surface which shows the influence which the bahiagrass stem and leaf water extract which ripened with the partner bacteria gives to mycelial growth of Glomus clarum. パートナー細菌で腐熟させたバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液がGlomus clarumを接種したカラタチの生長および菌根形成に及ぼす影響を示す表である。FIG. 6 is a table showing the effect of bahiagrass stem and leaf water extract ripened with a partner bacterium on the growth and mycorrhiza formation of the ground lice inoculated with Glomus clarum. パートナー細菌で腐熟させた米ぬかがGlomus clarumを接種したトマトおよびキュウリの生長および菌根形成に及ぼす影響を示す表である。It is a table | surface which shows the influence which the rice bran ripened by the partner bacteria gives to growth and mycorrhiza formation of the tomato and cucumber which inoculated the Glomus clarum.

以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態について説明する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.

(1)有機肥料の製造方法
本発明の一実施形態における有機肥料の製造方法について説明する。
(1) Method of Manufacturing Organic Fertilizer A method of manufacturing an organic fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

(1−1)供試微生物
供試微生物は、菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息するパートナー細菌で、下記群より選択された一種類以上の微生物である。
1)Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01)NBRC109633菌株
2)Bacillus thuringiensis(KTCIGME02)NBRC109634菌株
3)Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae(KTCIGME03)NBRC109635菌株
4)Pseudomonas sp.(KCIGC01)NBRC109613菌株
なお、相同性が97%以上のものを含む。
また、菌根菌は、Glomus clarumというアーバスキュラー菌根菌(AMF)である。
(1-1) Test microbe The test microbe is a partner bacteria that inhabits or around spores of mycorrhizal fungi, and is one or more types of microbes selected from the following group.
1) Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01) NBRC109633 strain 2) Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME02) NBRC109634 strain 3) Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME03) NBRC109635 strain 4) Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 strain Furthermore, those having a homology of 97% or more are included.
In addition, mycorrhizal fungus is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) called Glomus clarum.

(1−2)実証例
パートナー細菌で腐熟させた有機物からの水抽出物が菌根菌の菌糸生長および作物の菌根形成に及ぼす影響の実証例について説明する。
(1-2) Demonstration Example A demonstration example of the effect of a water extract from an organic matter ripened by a partner bacterium on mycelial growth of mycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhiza formation of a crop will be described.

(実験1)バヒアグラス茎葉を(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌で約1か月間腐熟処理させた後、この腐熟させた茎葉から蒸留水を用いて抽出した液(水抽出液)を得た。その後、表面消毒したGlomus clarumというアーバスキュラー菌根菌(AMF)胞子を、オートクレーブ処理した抽出液を含む素寒天培地に置床させた後、30℃のインキュベーターで培養した。なお、対照区は水のみの素寒天培地とした。培養1週間後、AMF胞子からの菌糸の長さを測定した。
その結果、いずれのバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液処理区の菌糸長は、対照(水のみ)区と比べて長くなり、菌根菌の生長を促していることが認められた(図1)。
なお、図1は、パートナー細菌で腐熟させたバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液がGlomus clarumの菌糸生長に及ぼす影響を示す表である。
(Experiment 1) After bluing treatment of bahiagrass stems and leaves with the partner bacteria shown in section (1-1) for about 1 month, a liquid (water extract) extracted from the rotted stems and leaves using distilled water was obtained . Thereafter, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) spores, surface-disinfected Glomus clarum, were placed on an elementary agar medium containing an autoclaved extract, and then cultured in an incubator at 30 ° C. The control group was a water-only plain agar medium. After 1 week of culture, hyphal length from AMF spores was measured.
As a result, it was found that the mycelium length of any of the bahiagrass stem and leaf water extract treated sections is longer than that of the control (water only) section, and promotes the growth of mycorrhizal fungi (FIG. 1).
In addition, FIG. 1 is a table | surface which shows the influence which the bahiagrass stem-and-leaf water extract liquid which ripened with the partner bacteria gives on the mycelial growth of Glomus clarum.

(実験2)実験1と同様に腐熟処理したバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液(0.4g相当量)を1週間ごとに4回、Glomus clarumというアーバスキュラー菌根菌(AMF)を接種したカラタチ根圏に処理した。なお、対照区は水のみの区とした。処理開始約2か月後、解体調査を行うとともに、根をPhillipsとHayman(1970)の方法で染色した後、石井ら(1996)の方法で菌根感染率を調査した。
その結果、バヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液処理区のカラタチの生育は、対照(水のみ)区と比べて、樹体生長が旺盛になるとともに、根の菌根感染率も高かった(図2)。
なお、図2は、パートナー細菌で腐熟させたバヒアグラス茎葉水抽出液がGlomus clarumを接種したカラタチの生長および菌根形成に及ぼす影響を示す表である。
(Experiment 2) Bahia grass stem and leaf water extract (0.4 g equivalent amount), which was ripened in the same manner as in Experiment 1, was inoculated 4 times per week with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) called Glomus clarum in the trifoliate rhizosphere It was processed. The control area was a water only area. About two months after the initiation of treatment, dissection was conducted and roots were stained by the method of Phillips and Hayman (1970), and then the mycorrhizal infection rate was examined by the method of Ishii et al. (1996).
As a result, compared to the control (water only) group, the growth of the ground lice in the bahiagrass stem and leaf water extract treated area was vigorous, and the mycorrhizal infection rate of the root was also high (FIG. 2).
In addition, FIG. 2 is a table | surface which shows the influence which acts on the growth and mycorrhizal formation of the grass leaf which the bahiagrass stem-and-leaf water extract liquid which ripened with the partner bacteria inoculated Glomus clarum.

(1−3)有機液体肥料の製造方法
(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌の全て、あるいは少なくとも1種類以上を用いて、有機物に一定量の水(有機物:水=1:1〜10、v/v。濃縮有機液体肥料を作るためには水の割合を小さくした方が望ましい)を加えて、以下の条件で発酵させる。
条件1:培養温度・・・40〜45℃
条件2:発酵時間・・・300〜600時間
条件3:撹拌・・・培養期間中、1日2回(1回5〜15分、例えば、10分)攪拌
なお、条件1の温度において、条件2の時間とすることで、確実な発酵とコストの低減との両立を図ることができる。条件3において、単発の攪拌とすることで、コストを低減できる。但し、連続回転による攪拌としても良い。
有機物は、以下のものが例示される。
例1:カラスノエンドウ、レンゲ、クローバー、ダイズなどの豆科植物の茎葉や、これらにイネ科植物の茎葉などを加えて腐熟させた緑肥
例2:トウモロコシ、油かす、大豆かすなどの植物性残渣を腐熟させたもの
例3:家畜糞尿などの動物性残渣を腐熟させたもの
(1-3) Method of Producing Organic Liquid Fertilizer A fixed amount of water (organic matter: water = 1: 1 to 10), using all or at least one or more of the partner bacteria shown in the item (1-1). In order to make concentrated organic liquid fertilizer, it is desirable to reduce the proportion of water) and ferment under the following conditions.
Condition 1: Culture temperature ... 40 to 45 ° C
Condition 2: Fermentation time: 300 to 600 hours Condition 3: Stirring: Twice a day (5 to 15 minutes once, for example, 10 minutes) during the culture period Note that the condition 1 is at the temperature By setting it as the time of 2, coexistence with reliable fermentation and reduction of cost can be aimed at. The cost can be reduced by single stirring under condition 3. However, it is good also as stirring by continuous rotation.
Examples of the organic substance are as follows.
Example 1: Green manure ripened by adding stems and leaves of legumes such as mustard pea, lotus root, clover, soybean, etc. to these, etc. Example 2: Plant matter such as corn, oil scum, soybean meal The residue is ripened Example 3: The animal residue such as livestock manure is ripened

(1−4)有機固肥料の製造方法
有機物((1−3)項で例示したもの)を堆積した後、(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌の全て、あるいは少なくとも1種類以上を含む培養液を、堆積した有機物の上部から流し込むか、噴霧して、堆肥化する。
パートナー細菌を処理した有機物の堆積期間中の温度管理は、有機物の堆積後、発熱してくるので、特に温度調節装置の準備は必要がない。但し、堆積有機物の外部の温度が上昇しにくいので、有機物をビニルシートなどで被うことが好ましい。また、温度調節装置を用いて、有機物堆積直後から1か月程度、40−45℃に温度調整し、発酵を促進させても良い。これにより、パートナー細菌の活動を早めて有機固肥料を短期間で製造することができる。なお、1か月で1−2回、有機物の切り返しを行うことが望ましい。
有機物には、(1−3)項で例示したもの以外に、様々の有機物が使えるが、化学合成農薬などの化学物質や放射性物質が残留しない有機物を用いることが望ましい。
(1-4) after depositing a manufacturing method organics organic solid type fertilizer ((1-3) those exemplified in the section), including (1-1) all partners bacteria in the section, or at least one or more The culture broth is composted by pouring or spraying from the top of the deposited organic matter.
Temperature control during deposition of the organic matter treated with the partner bacteria generates heat after the deposition of the organic matter, and thus no preparation of a temperature control device is particularly necessary. However, since the temperature outside the deposited organic matter does not easily rise, it is preferable to cover the organic matter with a vinyl sheet or the like. Further, the temperature may be adjusted to 40-45 ° C. for about one month immediately after the deposition of the organic substance using a temperature control device to promote the fermentation. Thus, it is possible to manufacture in a short period of time an organic solid-type fertilizer accelerate the partner bacterial activity. In addition, it is desirable to switch back the organic matter 1 to 2 times a month.
Although various organic substances can be used as the organic substances other than those exemplified in the item (1-3), it is desirable to use organic substances in which no chemical substance such as chemically synthesized pesticide or radioactive substance remains.

以下(2)および(3)を参照して、本発明の有機液体肥料および有機固肥料の特性を生かした活用方法およびパートナー細菌が活動しやすい適切な生育環境条件について説明する。 With reference to the following (2) and (3) will be described organic liquid manure and organic solid form utilizing the characteristics of the fertilizer utilization methods and partners bacteria acting easily suitable habitat conditions of the present invention.

(2)本発明の有機液体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例
(2−1)養液循環式栽培
本発明の有機液体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例の一例として、養液循環式栽培における栽培例について説明する。
菌根菌胞子を以下の条件で休眠打破する。
条件1:温度・・・30〜35℃
条件2:時間・・・12〜24時間
スポンジ等の培地に植物の種子を播種した後、休眠打破した菌根菌胞子を数個添加する。
栽培品種としては、次のものが例示される。
例1:・・・リーフレタス
例2:・・・コマツナ
添加する菌根菌胞子の個数は、例えば、1株当たり1〜5個が例示され、好ましい個数は、2個または3個である。
植物の種子の播種および菌根菌胞子の添加におけるその他の条件
条件1:播種した後の最初の給水時から(1)項で示した有機液体肥料を電気伝導度(EC)=0.6mS/cm以下に希釈し供給する。
有機液体肥料の培地への供給に関してのその他の条件
条件1:供給間隔・・・栽培養液のEC値が0.45mS/cmを下回った時に供給する。
条件2:供給濃度・・・栽培養液のEC値を測定しながら、EC=0.6mS/cmになるように希釈し供給する。
なお、養液循環式栽培は、次の栽培装置を用いて行われる。即ち、養液循環式栽培における栽培装置は、栽培養液が満たされ植物が配置される栽培槽と、栽培養液を貯留する貯留タンクと、その貯留タンクからポンプによって栽培槽へ栽培養液を供給する第1の配管と、栽培層から排出される栽培養液を貯留タンクへ戻す第2の配管とを備え、栽培養液が栽培槽と貯留タンクとの間で循環するように構成される。
(2) Cultivation example of plant using organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention (2-1) Hydroponic circulation cultivation As an example of cultivation example of plant using organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention, cultivation in hydroponic circulation cultivation An example will be described.
The dormancy is destroyed under the following conditions.
Condition 1: Temperature ... 30-35 ° C
Condition 2: Time ... 12 to 24 hours After seeding the plant seeds in a medium such as a sponge, several pieces of mycorrhizal spores which have been subjected to dormancy are added.
The following are exemplified as cultivars.
Example 1: Leaf lettuce Example 2: Komatsuna The number of mycorrhizal spores to be added is, for example, 1 to 5 per strain, and a preferable number is 2 or 3.
Other conditions for seeding of plant seeds and addition of mycorrhizal spores Condition 1: The organic liquid fertilizer shown in the item (1) from the time of the first water supply after sowing: conductivity (EC) = 0.6 mS / Dilute to cm or less and supply.
Other Conditions for Supplying Organic Liquid Fertilizer to the Medium Condition 1: Supplying interval: Supplying when the EC value of the culture solution falls below 0.45 mS / cm.
Condition 2: supply concentration ... while measuring EC value of the culture broth, it is diluted and supplied so that EC = 0.6 mS / cm.
In addition, nutrient solution circulation type cultivation is performed using the following cultivation apparatus. That is, the cultivation apparatus in the nutrient solution circulation type cultivation is a cultivation tank in which the cultivation culture solution is filled and a plant is disposed, a storage tank for storing the cultivation culture solution, and a cultivation culture fluid from the storage tank to the cultivation tank by a pump. A first pipe for supplying and a second pipe for returning the culture fluid discharged from the culture layer to the storage tank, and the culture fluid is configured to circulate between the culture tank and the storage tank .

(2−2)底面灌水式栽培
本発明の有機液体肥料を用いた植物の栽培例の一例として、底面灌水式栽培における栽培例について説明する。
菌根菌胞子を以下の条件で休眠打破する。
条件1:温度・・・30〜35℃
条件2:時間・・・12〜24時間
休眠打破した菌根菌胞子を多孔質礫培地等に適量添加し、攪拌により均一な状態としたものを栽培培地とし、その中へ植物の種子を播種する。
多孔質礫培地は肥料分を含まない水のみで湿らせる。
栽培品種としては、次のものが例示される。
例1:・・・リーフレタス
例2:・・・コマツナ
添加する菌根菌胞子の個数は、例えば、1株当たり3〜8個が例示され、好ましい個数は、5個または6個である。
菌根菌胞子の添加および植物の種子の播種におけるその他の条件
条件1:播種した後の最初の給水時には(1)項の有機液体肥料を電気伝導度(EC)=0.6mS/cm以下に希釈した養液を供給する。
有機液体肥料の供給に関してのその他の条件
条件1:供給間隔・・・給水ごとに添加する
条件2:供給濃度・・・2回目以降の給水からは、EC値=0.6になるように希釈した養液を供給する。
なお、底面灌水式栽培は、次の栽培装置を用いて行われる。即ち、底面灌水式栽培における栽培装置は、植物が底面灌水可能に配置される栽培槽と、その栽培槽へ栽培養液を供給する供給手段とを備え、植物が吸水した分だけ供給手段から栽培養液が栽培槽へ供給されるように構成される。
(2-2) Bottom surface irrigation type cultivation As an example of cultivation of a plant using the organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention, a cultivation example in bottom surface irrigation type cultivation will be described.
The dormancy is destroyed under the following conditions.
Condition 1: Temperature ... 30-35 ° C
Condition 2: Time ... 12 to 24 hours An appropriate amount of mycorrhizal fungal spores that have broken dormancy is added to a porous cocoon medium etc., and a uniform state is obtained by stirring, which is used as a culture medium, and the plant seeds are sown Do.
The porous sputum culture medium is wetted only with water containing no fertilizer.
The following are exemplified as cultivars.
Example 1: Leaf lettuce Example 2: Komatsuna The number of mycorrhizal spores to be added is, for example, 3 to 8 per strain, and the preferred number is 5 or 6.
Addition of mycorrhizal spores and other conditions for sowing of plant seeds Condition 1: At the time of the first water supply after sowing, the organic liquid fertilizer of item (1) is made to have an electric conductivity (EC) of not more than 0.6 mS / cm Supply diluted nutrient solution.
Other conditions for the supply of organic liquid fertilizer Condition 1: Supply interval ... Add every water supply Condition 2: Supply concentration ... Dilution so that EC value = 0.6 from the second and subsequent water supply Supply the nutrient solution.
In addition, bottom surface irrigation type cultivation is performed using the following cultivation apparatus. That is, the cultivation apparatus in the bottom surface irrigation type cultivation comprises a cultivation tank in which the plants are disposed so as to be able to be flooded on the bottom surface, and a supply means for supplying a culture fluid to the culture tank. It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be supplied to a cultivation tank.

(3)本発明による有機固肥料を用いた植物の栽培例
本発明の有機固肥料を用いた植物の栽培例の一例として、土壌における栽培例について説明する。
(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌を処理し発酵させた米ぬか(42℃のインキュベーターで約1か月間発酵)と無処理の自然発酵(室温下)させた米ぬかとを土壌に処理し混和させた後、トマトおよびキュウリの苗を植え付けた。その後直ちに、Glomus clarum胞子を主に含むAMF接種源0.5g(胞子約50個)を両区の苗の周辺に処理した。実験開始約1か月後、苗の生育調査を行った。
その結果、パートナー細菌を処理し発酵させた米ぬか施用区のトマトおよびキュウリの苗の生育は、無処理の自然発酵させた米ぬか施用区のものと比べて旺盛となり、菌根感染率も高かった(図3)。なお、パートナー細菌を処理し発酵させた米ぬか施用区の苗では病害虫の被害も少ない傾向にあった。
なお、図3は、パートナー細菌で腐熟させた米ぬかがGlomus clarumを接種したトマトおよびキュウリの生長および菌根形成に及ぼす影響を示す表である。
(3) As an example of cultivating examples of plants using organic solid form fertilizer of the present invention cultivation embodiment the present invention of a plant using an organic solid type fertilizer according to is described cultivation example in the soil.
Treat soil with rice bran (fermented for about 1 month in an incubator at 42 ° C) treated and fermented with the partner bacteria shown in section (1-1) and rice bran treated with no natural treatment (under room temperature) into the soil and mix After that, tomato and cucumber seedlings were planted. Immediately thereafter, 0.5 g (about 50 spores) of an AMF inoculum mainly containing Glomus clarum spores was treated around the seedlings of both plots. About 1 month after the start of the experiment, the growth of the seedlings was investigated.
As a result, tomato and cucumber seedlings grown in the rice bran application area treated and fermented with partner bacteria were more vigorous than those in the untreated natural fermentation rice bran applied area, and the mycorrhizal infection rate was also high (see below). Figure 3). In addition, the seedlings of the rice bran application zone treated and fermented with the partner bacteria tended to have less damage to diseases and pests.
In addition, FIG. 3 is a table which shows the influence which the rice bran ripened by partner bacteria has on the growth and mycorrhiza formation of the tomato and cucumber which inoculated the Glomus clarum.

以上、実施の形態に基づき本発明を説明したが、本発明は上記実施の形態に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々の改良変形が可能であることは容易に推察できるものである。   Although the present invention has been described above based on the embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It can be easily guessed.

上記実施形態では、(1−1)項に示すパートナー細菌で有機物を腐熟させる場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られず、他の1又は複数種類の微生物をさらに加えても良い。他の微生物としては、例えば、乳酸菌や酵母が例示される。(1−1)項で示すパートナー細菌は、いずれも乳酸菌および酵母と共存できる微生物であるので、有効(安定した良質)な有機液体肥料および有機固肥料を製造できる。 Although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where organic matter was ripened with the partner bacteria shown to a (1-1) term, it is not necessarily restricted to this, You may further add other 1 or several types of microorganisms. Examples of other microorganisms include, for example, lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. (1-1) partners bacteria shown in section, since it is a microorganism that can coexist both lactic acid bacteria and yeast can produce valid (stable quality) organic liquid manure and organic solid form fertilizers.

Claims (3)

パートナー細菌であらかじめ腐熟させた有機物からなる有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料であって、
前記パートナー細菌が、菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息する微生物であり、
前記微生物が生息することを特徴とする有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料。
Organic liquid fertilizers and solid organic fertilizers consisting of organic matter pre-ripened with partner bacteria,
The partner bacteria are microorganisms that inhabit or around spores of mycorrhizal fungi,
An organic liquid fertilizer and an organic solid fertilizer characterized in that the microorganism inhabits.
前記パートナー細菌は、
Bacillus属における
Bacillus sp. (KTCIGME01)NBRC109633菌株、
Bacillus thuringiensis(KTCIGME02)NBRC109634菌株、
Paenibacillus属における
Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae(KTCIGME03)NBRC109635菌株、
Pseudomonas属における
Pseudomonas sp.(KCIGC01)NBRC109613菌株、
であり、
上記群より選択された少なくとも一種類以上の微生物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料。
The partner bacteria are
Bacillus sp. In the genus Bacillus (KTCIGME01) NBRC109633 strain,
Bacillus thuringiensis (KTCIGME 02) NBRC 109634 strain,
Paenibacillus rhizosphaerae (KTCIGME 03) NBRC 109 635 strain in the genus Paenibacillus,
Pseudomonas sp. In the genus Pseudomonas (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 strain,
And
The organic liquid fertilizer and the organic solid fertilizer according to claim 1, comprising at least one or more types of microorganisms selected from the above group.
パートナー細菌であらかじめ腐熟させた有機物から有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料を製造する有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料の製造方法であって、
前記パートナー細菌が、菌根菌の胞子内またはその周辺に生息する微生物であり、
前記有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料に前記微生物が生息することを特徴とする有機液体肥料および有機固形肥料の製造方法。
A method for producing an organic liquid fertilizer and an organic solid fertilizer, which comprises producing an organic liquid fertilizer and an organic solid fertilizer from an organic matter previously ripened with a partner bacterium,
The partner bacteria are microorganisms that inhabit or around spores of mycorrhizal fungi,
A method of producing an organic liquid fertilizer and an organic solid fertilizer, wherein the microorganism inhabits the organic liquid fertilizer and the organic solid fertilizer.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2022022504A (en) * 2020-06-24 2022-02-07 孝昭 石井 Composite material for mycorrhizal fungi growth-promoting vitalizer, compounding material and production method thereof, and coated seeds and production method thereof
WO2024053508A1 (en) * 2022-09-07 2024-03-14 孝昭 石井 Organic nutrient solution water cultivation and organic nutrient solution soil cultivation using mycorrhizal fungi and partner bacteria thereof, and production of mycorrhizal fungal spores and partner bacteria in organic nutrient solution water culture

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JP2003342092A (en) * 2002-03-18 2003-12-03 Sanko:Kk Compost leach, method for producing the same, and plant growth promoting material
JP2011193797A (en) * 2010-03-19 2011-10-06 Tottori Univ New method for forming mycorrhiza
WO2015041336A1 (en) * 2013-09-19 2015-03-26 京都府公立大学法人 Hydroponic method utilizing beneficial micro-organisms

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003342092A (en) * 2002-03-18 2003-12-03 Sanko:Kk Compost leach, method for producing the same, and plant growth promoting material
JP2011193797A (en) * 2010-03-19 2011-10-06 Tottori Univ New method for forming mycorrhiza
WO2015041336A1 (en) * 2013-09-19 2015-03-26 京都府公立大学法人 Hydroponic method utilizing beneficial micro-organisms

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2022022504A (en) * 2020-06-24 2022-02-07 孝昭 石井 Composite material for mycorrhizal fungi growth-promoting vitalizer, compounding material and production method thereof, and coated seeds and production method thereof
WO2024053508A1 (en) * 2022-09-07 2024-03-14 孝昭 石井 Organic nutrient solution water cultivation and organic nutrient solution soil cultivation using mycorrhizal fungi and partner bacteria thereof, and production of mycorrhizal fungal spores and partner bacteria in organic nutrient solution water culture

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