JP2018528963A - 二重可変ドメインイムノコンジュゲートおよびその用途 - Google Patents
二重可変ドメインイムノコンジュゲートおよびその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018528963A JP2018528963A JP2018513765A JP2018513765A JP2018528963A JP 2018528963 A JP2018528963 A JP 2018528963A JP 2018513765 A JP2018513765 A JP 2018513765A JP 2018513765 A JP2018513765 A JP 2018513765A JP 2018528963 A JP2018528963 A JP 2018528963A
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Abstract
Description
分子と、第2可変ドメインにリンカーを介して共有結合している薬物部分とを含む。該イムノコンジュゲートの製造方法、ならびに癌および他の疾患の予防および/または治療における使用方法も提供する。
する。免疫グロブリンのペプシン処理は単一の大きなF(ab’)2フラグメントを生成し、これは、2価抗原結合活性を有する2つのジスルフィド結合Fabフラグメントにほぼ対応し、尚も抗原を架橋しうる。Fab’フラグメントは、免疫グロブリンヒンジ領域由来の1以上のシステインを含むCH1ドメインのカルボキシ末端における追加的な少数の残基を有する点で、Fabフラグメントと異なっている。
「結合アフィニティ」は、結合ペア(例えば、免疫グロブリンおよび抗原)のメンバー間の1:1の相互作用を表す固有結合アフィニティを意味する。分子Xの、その相手Yに対するアフィニティは、一般に、解離定数(Kd)により表されうる。例えば、Kdは約200nM、150nM、100nM、60nM、50nM、40nM、30nM、20nM、10nM、8nM、6nM、4nM、2nM、1nMまたはそれより強力でありうる。アフィニティは、本明細書に記載されている方法を含む当技術分野で公知の一般的方法により測定されうる。低アフィニティ抗体は、一般に、抗原に遅く結合し、速く解離する傾向にあり、一方、高アフィニティ抗体は、一般に、抗原に速く結合し、より長く結合したままとなる傾向にある。結合アフィニティを結合する種々の方法が当技術分野で公知である。
インの構成は逆転可能であり、この場合、N末端からC末端への構成はVL2−VL1−CLとなる。この同じ構成は該DVD免疫グロブリンの結合性フラグメントに適用され、この場合、N末端からC末端への構成はVL1−VL2またはVL2−VL1でありうる。同様に、重鎖に沿った可変ドメインおよび定常ドメインの構成は、一般に、N末端からC末端へとVH1−VH2−CH1−Fcとして進むが、軽鎖上のドメインの構成を反映するように修飾可能であり、この場合、免疫グロブリン分子またはその結合性フラグメントが構築された際に、軽鎖上の適切なドメインは重鎖上の適切なドメインとペアになる。
20、抗MIF、抗CD64(FcR)、抗TCRアルファベータ、抗CD2、抗HepB、抗CA125、抗EpCAM、抗gp120、抗CMV、抗gpIIbIIIa、抗IgE、抗CD25、抗CD33、抗HLA、抗VNRインテグリン、抗IL1アルファ、抗IL1ベータ、抗IL1受容体、抗IL2受容体、抗IL4、抗IL4受容体、抗IL5、抗IL5受容体、抗IL6、抗IL8、抗IL9、抗IL13、抗IL13受容体、抗IL17および抗IL23(Presta LG.2005 Selection,design,and engineering of therapeutic antibodies J Allergy Clin Immunol.116:731−6およびClark,M.,“Antibodies for Therapeutic Applications,”Department of Pathology,Cambridge University,UK,15 Oct.2000(Department of Pathology,Cambridge UniversityのウェブサイトにおけるM.Clarkのホームページでオンライン公開)を参照されたい)。
arexにより開発中の抗CD30抗体、Medarexにより開発中のMDX−070、Medarexにより開発中のMDX−018、OSIDEM(登録商標)(IDM−1)、およびMedarexおよびImmuno−Designed Moleculesにより開発中の抗Her2抗体、HUMAX(登録商標)−CD4、MedarexおよびGenmabにより開発中の抗CD4抗体、HuMax−IL15、MedarexおよびGenmabにより開発中の抗IL15抗体、CNTO 148、MedarexおよびCentocor/J&Jにより開発中の抗TNFa抗体、CNTO 1275、Centocor/J&Jにより開発中の抗サイトカン抗体、MOR101およびMOR102、MorphoSysにより開発中の抗細胞間接着分子1(ICAM−1)(CD54)抗体、MOR201、MorphoSysにより開発中の抗線維芽細胞増殖因子受容体3(FGFR−3)抗体、NUVION(登録商標)(ビシリズマブ(visilizumab))、Protein Design Labsにより開発中の抗CD3抗体、HUZAF(登録商標)、Protein Design Labsにより開発中の抗ガンマインターフェロン抗体、Protein Design Labsにより開発中の抗a5β1インテグリン、Protein Design Labsにより開発中の抗IL12、ING−1、Xomaにより開発中の抗Ep−CAM抗体、XOLAIR(登録商標)(オマリズマブ(Omalizumab))、GenentechおよびNovartisにより開発されたヒト化抗IgE抗体、およびMLN01、Xomaにより開発中の抗ベータ2インテグリン抗体。この段落において前記で引用されている参考文献の全てを明示的に参照により本明細書に組み入れることとする。
P(配列番号2)に連結される。この特定の態様は「IMGN−853 FOLR1−h38C2−DVD2」と称され、図4に示されている。この態様の軽鎖アミノ酸配列は配列番号11に示されている。この態様の重鎖アミノ酸配列は配列番号12に示されている。幾つかの態様においては、該IMGN−853 FOLR1−h38C2−DVD2免疫グロブリン分子は、配列番号11に実質的に類似している、例えば、配列番号11に対して少なくとも約80%のアミノ酸配列同一性、あるいは少なくとも約81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%または99%のアミノ酸配列同一性を有する軽鎖アミノ酸配列を含む。幾つかの態様においては、該IMGN−853 FOLR1−h38C2−DVD2免疫グロブリン分子は、配列番号12に実質的に類似している、例えば、配列番号12に対して少なくとも約80%のアミノ酸配列同一性、あるいは少なくとも約81%、82%、83%、84%、85%、86%、87%、88%、89%、90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%または99%のアミノ酸配列同一性を有する、反応性リジン残基を含む重鎖アミノ酸配列を含む。
は、前記の第1および第2可変領域を含む、そして軽鎖上のCLドメインならびに重鎖定常ドメインCH1、CH2およびCH3をも含む無傷免疫グロブリン分子である。定常ドメインは天然もしくは非天然配列またはそのアミノ酸配列変異体を含みうる。ある態様においては、免疫グロブリン分子は免疫グロブリンフラグメントでありうる。免疫グロブリンフラグメントの例には、限定的なものではないが(Fab’)2、Fab’、FabおよびFvフラグメントが含まれ、それらの非限定的な例は図6に示されている。
、米国特許公開第2005/0238649 A1号(その全体を参照により本明細書に組み入れることとする)に記載されている方法により合成されうる。
のものが含まれるが、それらに限定されるものではない:放射性同位体32P、14C、125I、3Hおよび133I、発蛍光団、例えば希土類キレートまたはフルオレセインおよびその誘導体、ローダミンおよびその誘導体、ダンシル、ウンベリフェロン、ルシフェラーゼ、例えばホタルルシフェラーゼおよび細菌ルシフェラーゼ(米国特許第4,737,456号)、ルシフェリン、2,3−ジヒドロフタラジンジオン、ホースラディッシュペルオキシダーゼ(HRP)、アルカリホスファターゼ、β−ガラクトシダーゼ、グルコアミラーゼ、リゾチーム、糖オキシダーゼ、例えばグルコースオキシダーゼ、ガラクトースオキシダーゼおよびグルコース−6−リン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ、複素環オキシダーゼ、例えばウリカーゼおよびキサンチンオキシダーゼ(HRP、ラクトペルオキシダーゼまたはミクロペルオキシダーゼのような色素前駆体を酸化するために過酸化水素を使用する酵素と共役したもの)、ビオチン/アビジン、スピン標識、バクテリオファージ標識、安定フリーラジカルなど。
者の年齢、性別、体重、状態、全身健康状態および病歴、ならびに医学分野でよく知られた同様の要因に左右されるであろう。
においては、免疫グロブリンは、ε重鎖を有するIgE免疫グロブリンである。1つの態様においては、免疫グロブリンは、γ重鎖を有するIgG免疫グロブリンである。1つの態様においては、免疫グロブリンはIgG1免疫グロブリンである。1つの態様においては、免疫グロブリンはIgG2免疫グロブリンである。1つの態様においては、免疫グロブリンはIgG3免疫グロブリンである。1つの態様においては、免疫グロブリンはIgG4免疫グロブリンである。1つの態様においては、免疫グロブリンは、μ重鎖を有するIgM免疫グロブリンである。
える。反応物を0℃に冷却し、ついで0.143ml(1当量)のDICを加える。反応物を24時間にわたって室温に加温し、セライトで濾過し、溶媒を真空中で除去する。350mg(1当量)のVal−Cit−PAB(Trail,P.A.ら,Bioconjugate Chem.2002,13,855−869)を加え、ついで5.6mlの乾燥DMFを加え、反応物を16時間撹拌する。生成物の形成を16時間後にLC/MSにより確認する。溶媒を真空中で除去し、粗物質をCH2Cl2でトリチュレートし、ついで濾過し、ヘキサンで洗浄する。粗褐色固体をカラムクロマトグラフィー(9:1 CH2Cl2:MeOH、Rf=0.2)(収率61%)により精製する。
30kDaカットオフ遠心フィルター装置(Millipore)を使用して同時に濃縮する。全ての免疫グロブリンはSDS−PAGEにより95%を超える純度であると判定される。
EMまたはRPMI内で系列希釈物を調製した。IGROV1細胞については、元の細胞培地を除去し、100μlの処理溶液を加え(3回重複して実施)、培養プレートを加湿5% CO2雰囲気中、37℃で72時間維持した。H929については、100μlの処理溶液を加えた。ついで該細胞をイムノコンジュゲートまたは幾つかの対照組成物の1つと接触させた。20μlのCellTiter96(登録商標)Aqueous One Solution(Promega)を各ウェルに加え、加湿5% CO2雰囲気中、37℃でプレートを現像した。結果を図26および図27に示す。結果は、該イムノコンジュゲートが標的細胞型に対する細胞毒性活性を有していたことを示している。
対する強力なADCを製造するために使用されており、非切断性リンカーがより高い最大耐量を有すると報告されているからである。PBS中で4当量のβ−ラクタムMMAF(各Lys残基に対して2当量)と共にDVD1を4時間インキュベートすることにより、ADCを製造する(図37B)。図44はβ−ラクタムMMAFの固相合成スキームを示す。Lysはβ−ラクタム部分と反応してアミド結合を形成するため、Lysはもはや触媒的に活性ではなく、したがって、触媒活性の消失によって完全なコンジュゲート化が確認される(図37C)。
ており、7/8匹の動物が生存している。この用量においては、腫瘍退縮および生存率の両方が5mg/kgのアド−トラスツズマブ・エムタンシンより優れている。ADCプラットフォームをアド−トラスツズマブ・エムタンシンと比較する際の2つの重要な考慮事項は抗体サイズおよび薬物負荷(薬物ローディング)である。ADCプラットフォームはアド−トラスツズマブ・エムタンシン(150kDa)より25%大きく(200kDa)、アド−トラスツズマブ・エムタンシンの場合(抗体当たり薬物は平均3.5個)より少数の、抗体当たりの薬物(抗体当たり薬物は2個)を有する。これらの要因を考慮し、用量当たりの細胞毒性剤のナノモルに正規化すると、10mg/kgの抗HER2 DVD ADCは、5mg/kgのアド−トラスツズマブ・エムタンシン(〜114nmolのメルタンシン)と比較して、有効に、より低い用量(〜98nmolのMMAF)である。活性薬物のこのようなより高い用量にもかかわらず、研究の経過中に5mg/kgのアド−トラスツズマブ・エムタンシンを使用した場合には治癒した動物は無く、全体的な生存率は低く、研究終了時に僅か2/8匹の動物が生存したに過ぎなかった。
Claims (66)
- 式Ig−(L−D)nを有するイムノコンジュゲートであって、ここで、 (a)Igは二重可変ドメイン免疫グロブリン分子またはその抗原結合性フラグメントであり、ここで、二重可変ドメイン免疫グロブリン分子は、 (i)結合標的に結合する第1可変ドメインと、 (ii)反応性残基を含む第2可変ドメインとを含み、 (b)Lは、Igの第2可変ドメインの反応性残基に共有結合しているリンカーであり、 (c)Dは薬物部分であり、 (d)nは1〜12の整数から選択される、イムノコンジュゲート。
- 反応性残基がリジンである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- nが1または2である、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igの第1可変ドメインが第2可変ドメインよりもN末端に近くに配置される、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igが二重特異性免疫グロブリン分子である、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Dが2以上の同じ又は異なる薬物部分を含む、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- 抗原結合性フラグメントがIgの第1および第2可変ドメインを含み、Fab、Fab’、F(ab’)2、FvまたはscFvから選択される、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- 抗原結合性フラグメントがFabを含む、請求項7記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igがキメラ免疫グロブリン配列を含む、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igがヒト化免疫グロブリン配列を含む、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igがヒト免疫グロブリン配列を含む、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igの第2可変ドメインが配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igの第2可変ドメインが配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- 結合標的が腫瘍細胞表面抗原である、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- 腫瘍細胞表面抗原が、HER2、FOLR1、CD138およびCD79bから選択される、請求項14記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igの第1可変ドメインがHER2に結合する、請求項15記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igの第1可変ドメインがFOLR1に結合する、請求項15記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igの第1可変ドメインがCD138に結合する、請求項15記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Igの第1可変ドメインがCD79bに結合する、請求項15記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- 薬物部分が細胞毒性剤である、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- 細胞毒性剤が、毒素、化学療法剤、抗生物質、放射性同位体、キレート化放射性同位体および核酸分解酵素から選択される、請求項20記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Dがオーリスタチン、ドロスタチンまたはセマドチンである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- DがMMAEまたはMMAFである、請求項22記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Dがカンプトテシンである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- カンプトテシンがSN−38である、請求項24記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Dがメイタンシノイドである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- メイタンシノイドがDM1、DM3またはDM4である、請求項26記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Dがピロロベンゾジアゼピン(PBD)である、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Dがエンジインである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Dがカリケアマイシンである、請求項29記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Dがチアンシマイシンある、請求項29記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Dがドキソルビシンである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- DがMMDXである、請求項32記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- DがPNU−159682である、請求項33記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- DがsiRNAである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Lが可逆的リンカーである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Lが不可逆的リンカーである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Lが切断性リンカーである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Lが非切断性リンカーである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Lが分岐リンカーである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- Lが直鎖状リンカーである、請求項1記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- 請求項1〜41のいずれか1項記載のイムノコンジュゲートの有効量と医薬上許容される担体とを含む、癌の治療のための医薬組成物。
- 癌を治療するための医薬の製造における、請求項1〜41のいずれか1項記載のイムノコンジュゲートの使用。
- 癌が血液癌、癌腫、肉腫、黒色腫または中枢神経系癌である、請求項43記載の使用。
- 血液癌が白血病、リンパ腫、骨髄腫または骨髄異形成症候群である、請求項44記載の使用。
- 白血病が急性骨髄性白血病、急性リンパ芽球性白血病、慢性骨髄性白血病または慢性リンパ球性白血病である、請求項45記載の使用。
- リンパ腫がホジキンリンパ腫または非ホジキンリンパ腫である、請求項45記載の使用。
- 癌腫が皮膚癌、頭頸部、甲状腺、肺、鼻咽頭、結腸直腸、肝臓、膀胱、卵巣、子宮頚部、子宮内膜、前立腺、胃、食道、膵臓、腎臓または乳癌である、請求項44記載の使用。
- 肉腫が血管肉腫、軟骨肉腫、ユーイング肉腫、線維肉腫、胃腸間質腫瘍、平滑筋肉腫、脂肪肉腫、悪性末梢神経鞘腫瘍、骨肉腫、多形性肉腫、横紋筋肉腫、カポジ肉腫および滑膜肉腫である、請求項44記載の使用。
- 中枢神経系癌が神経膠腫、髄膜腫または神経腫である、請求項44記載の使用。
- 医薬が第2治療剤の有効量を更に含む、請求項43記載の使用。
- 第2治療剤が抗体、抗腫瘍剤、細胞毒性剤、抗血管新生剤または免疫抑制剤である、請求項51記載の使用。
- 第2治療剤が、シスプラチン、カルボプラチン、オキサリプラチン、メクロレタミン、シクロホスファミド、クロラムブシル、イホスファミド、ドキソルビシン、ダウノルビシン、バルルビシン、イダルビシン、エピルビシン、アクチノマイシン、ブレオマイシン、プリカマイシン、マイトマイシン、ベバシズマブ、イマチニブ、エルロチニブ、ゲフィチニブ、イブルチニブ、イデラリシブ、レナリドミド、ビンクリスチン、ビンブラスチン、ビノレルビン、ビンデシン、パクリタキセルおよびドセタキセルからなる群から選択される、請求項52記載の使用。
- (a)Igが配列番号5および6のアミノ酸配列を含み、第1可変ドメインの結合標的がHER2であり、 (b)Lが、Igの反応性リジン残基に共有結合している直鎖状不可逆的リンカーであり、 (c)DがMMAFであり、 (d)nが1〜12である、請求項2記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- (a)Igが配列番号7
および8のアミノ酸配列を含み、第1可変ドメインの結合標的がHER2であり、 (b)Lが、Igの反応性リジン残基に共有結合している直鎖状不可逆的リンカーであり、 (c)DがMMAFであり、 (d)nが1〜12である、請求項2記載のイムノコンジュゲート。 - (a)Igが配列番号9および10のアミノ酸配列を含み、第1可変ドメインの結合標的がFOLR1であり、 (b)Lが、Igの反応性リジン残基に共有結合している直鎖状不可逆的リンカーであり、 (c)DがMMAFであり、 (d)nが1〜12である、請求項2記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- (a)Igが配列番号11および12のアミノ酸配列を含み、第1可変ドメインの結合標的がFOLR1であり、 (b)Lが、Igの反応性リジン残基に共有結合している直鎖状不可逆的リンカーであり、 (c)DがMMAFであり、 (d)nが1〜12である、請求項2記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- (a)Igが配列番号13および14のアミノ酸配列を含み、第1可変ドメインの結合標的がFOLR1であり、 (b)Lが、Igの反応性リジン残基に共有結合している直鎖状不可逆的リンカーであり、 (c)DがMMAFであり、 (d)nが1〜12である、請求項2記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- (a)Igが配列番号15および16のアミノ酸配列を含み、第1可変ドメインの結合標的がFOLR1であり、 (b)Lが、Igの反応性リジン残基に共有結合している直鎖状不可逆的リンカーであり、 (c)DがMMAFであり、 (d)nが1〜12である、請求項2記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- (a)Igが配列番号17および18のアミノ酸配列を含み、第1可変ドメインの結合標的がCD138であり、 (b)Lが、Igの反応性リジン残基に共有結合している直鎖状不可逆的リンカーであり、 (c)DがMMAFであり、 (d)nが1〜12である、請求項2記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- (a)Igが配列番号19および20のアミノ酸配列を含み、第1可変ドメインの結合標的がCD138であり、 (b)Lが、Igの反応性リジン残基に共有結合している直鎖状不可逆的リンカーであり、 (c)DがMMAFであり、 (d)nが1〜12である、請求項2記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- (a)Igが配列番号21および22のアミノ酸配列を含み、第1可変ドメインの結合標的がCD79bであり、 (b)Lが、Igの反応性リジン残基に共有結合している直鎖状不可逆的リンカーであり、 (c)DがMMAFであり、 (d)nが1〜12である、請求項2記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- (a)Igが配列番号23および24のアミノ酸配列を含み、第1可変ドメインの結合標的がCD79bであり、 (b)Lが、Igの反応性リジン残基に共有結合している直鎖状不可逆的リンカーであり、 (c)DがMMAFであり、 (d)nが1〜12である、請求項2記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- nが1または2である、請求項54〜63のいずれか1項記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
- 式Ig−(L−D)nを有するイムノコンジュゲートであって、ここで、 (a)Igは二重可変ドメイン免疫グロブリン分子またはその抗原結合性フラグメントであり、ここで、二重可変ドメイン免疫グロブリン分子は、 (i)結合標的に結合する第1可変ドメインと、 (ii)反応性リジン残基を含む第2可変ドメインとを含み、 (b)Lは、Igの第2可変ドメインの反応性リジン残基に共有結合しているリンカーであり、 (c)Dは薬物部分であり、 (d)nは1〜12である、イムノコンジュゲート。
- nが1または2である、請求項65記載のイムノコンジュゲート。
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US20220106375A1 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2022-04-07 | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Multimerization of il-15/il-15r-alpha-fc complexes to enhance immunotherapy |
WO2020257483A1 (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-24 | Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Structurally defined sirna-dual variable domain immunoglobulin conjugates |
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